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From 1872, Peter Bond Burgoyne and Company acted as wine importers and agents for Tintara, later Australian, Vineyards Association which had been established by a group of Australian wine producers in 1871. Burgoyne and Company had offices and cellars at 50 Old Broad Street.

In January 1886 the company, by then described in directories as "Australian merchants and vineyard proprietors", moved to 6 Dowgate Hill with cellars at the Dowgate Vaults, Cannon Street. It also had premises at 146 Pelham Street (Spitalfields) and in Adelaide and Melbourne.

No information is held concerning the provenance or authorship of these apparently unrelated documents concerning Jews in Hungary.

Not given.

No information was available at the time of compilation.

On 20 March 1890 the Peruvian Corporation Ltd was registered under the Companies Act, with a Board of Directors of ten members under the Chairmanship of Sir Alfred Dent. G A Ollard, of Smiles and Co Solicitors, was Manager in London, and T E Webb was Secretary, with Clinton Dawkins as the first representative in Peru. The Corporation was founded to cancel the Peruvian external debt and to release the Government of Peru from loans it had taken out through bondholders in 1869, 1870 and 1872, to finance railway construction. On 20 June 1907 the Government made a new contract with the Corporation whereby the Corporation was to construct three railway lines by September 1908. In return, the life of the concession was extended for a further 17 years. After these lines had been built, the Peruvian Corporation practically ceased building additional mileage, and subsequent construction was undertaken almost entirely by the Peruvian Government. By an agreement of 1928 the railways became the absolute property of the Corporation, subject to the surrender by the Corporation of their right to export guano, and the remaining annual payments due from the Government, and to the Corporation's making a payment of £247,000. A new arrangement was prepared in 1955, whereby a company incorporated in Canada as the 'Peruvian Transport Corporation Ltd' would acquire and hold all the outstanding share capital of the Peruvian Corporation Ltd. The Peruvian National Railways (Empresa Nacional de Ferrocarriles del Peru - ENAFER) were formed in September 1972, and taken over by the Government in December of that year.

Unknown

Perrys (Ealing) Limited were manufacturers of parts for the aeronautics industry. They were a sub-contractor of the Air Ministry.

An assignment of a lease is the transfer of the rights laid out in the lease to another party, usually for a consideration (a sum of money).

William Perry was educated the City of London School and Selwyn College Cambridge. From 1919 to 1923 he was Reader in Comparative Religion in the University of Manchester. In 1924 he was appointed Upton Lecturer in the History of Religions at Manchester College Oxford, and stayed there until 1927. From 1928 to 1948 he was Reader in Cultural Anthropology at University College London. He married Gwynllyan Lilian in 1915 and had one daughter. Perry published 'The Megalithic Culture of Indonesia' in 1918; 'The Children of the Sun' in 1923; 'The Origin of Magic and Religion' in 1923; 'The Growth of Civilisation' in 1924; 'Gods and Men' in 1927, and 'The Primordial Ocean' in 1935. Perry died on 29 April 1949.

Born 10 Sept, 1856, the son of the Rev E C Perry, Vicar of Seighford, Staffordshire. Educated at home; Mr Gascoigne's School at Spondon, Derbyshire; King's Scholar at Eton College, 1870; King's College Cambridge. Obtained BA in Classics, Cambridge, 1880, MA 1883. In 1880, having been elected a Fellow of King's he became a medical student, and in 1883 he was appointed assistant lecturer in medical sciences at King's and assistand demonstrator of anatomy in the Cambridge medical school. He entered the London Hospital, 1885, qualified MRCS Eng 1885; FRCP Lond, 1894, MRCP 1889. He subsequently held the posts of house surgeon to Sir Frederick Treves and house physician to Sir Stephen Mackenzie.
In 1887 Perry was appointed an assistant physician at Guy's Hospital London, and Dean of the Medical School, 1888. He was also partly responsible for the establishment of the Dental School at Guy's, which opened in 1889. In 1892, he was appointed Superintendent of the Hospital, an office he held until 1920, and a Governor from 1920-1937.
He served on the Senate of the University of London, 1900-1905, 1915-1919, and was Vice Chancellor, 1917-1919, and Principal 1920-1926.
Perry was also concerned in the reorganisation of the nursing staff, and the formation of the (Royal) College of Nursing, of which he was Honorary Secretary until 1935. Also the provision of accommodation for nurses at the hospital, which resulted in the Henriette Raphael Nurses' Home, opened in 1902. Another interest was the standard of education in massage, and gave assistance in the foundation of the Society of Masseuses, 1894, incorporated in 1900. He was chairman of the Council of the Chartered Society of Massage and Medical Gymnastics, 1920-1929, and a School of Massage began at Guy's Hospital 1914. He died on 17 Dec 1938.

No information was discovered at the time of compilation.

The author of the text is presumably Nicolas Perron, a French writer who published various texts on Islamic culture, literature and law, 1825-1870, with the following published posthumously: L'Islamisme: son institution, son influence et son avenir, par le Dr Perron: ouvrage posthume, publié et annoté par son neveu Alfred Clerc (1877); Balance de la loi musulmane; ou, Esprit de la législation islamique et divergences de ses quatre rites jurisprudentiels ... Traduit de l'arabe par le Dr Perron, ed J D Luciani (Alger, 1898); Lettres du Dr Perron du Caire et d'Alexandrie à M Jules Mohl, à Paris, 1838-1854, ed Yacoub Artin (Le Caire, 1911); Maliki Law being a summary from French translations [by Perron, Seignette, & Zeys] of the Mukhtasar of Sidi Khalil, with notes and bibliography by F H Ruxton ... Published by order of Sir F D Lugard ... Governor-General of Nigeria (London, 1916).

George Herbert Perris was born in Liverpool in 1866. He began a career in journalism in 1883. He held various posts in provincial and national newspapers. During World War One he was war correspondent for the Daily Chronicle in France. He also published many works on foreign policy and military history. He died 23 December 1920.

Born, March 1905, the youngest son of Colonel Sir John Perring and his wife Florence Higginson; educated at University College School and, during the Second World War, served as a Lieutenant in Royal Artillery, although was invalided in 1940.
After the war, Perring worked as Chairman of his own company, Perring Furnishings Ltd (1948-1981) but also took a variety of public roles, serving as member of the Court of Common Council (Ward of Cripplegate) (1948-1951), Alderman of the City of London (Langbourn Ward) (1951-1975) and one of Her Majesty's Lieutenants of the City of London and Sheriff (1958-1959). Between 1962 and 1963, Perring served as Lord Mayor of London. Furthermore, he was Chairman of the Spitalfields Market Committee (1951-1952), member of the London County Council for Cities of London and Westminster (1952-1955) and served on the County of London Planning Committee, the New Guildford Cathedral Council and the Consumer Advisory Council of the British Standards Institute between 1955 and 1959. Perring also worked as a governor of various public institutions, including St Bartholomew's Hospital (1964-1969) and Imperial College of Science and Technology (1964-1967). He was also a Master of the Worshipful Company of Tin Plate Workers (1944-1945), a Master of the Worshipful Company of Painter-Stainers (1977-1978) and Senior Past Master and founder member of the Worshipful Company of Furniture Makers, along with serving as the Chairman of the BNEC Committee for Exports to Canada (1968-1970) and the Confederation Life Insurance Company of Canada (1969-1981). He died in June 1998.

Sir John Perring was Lord Mayor of London in 1803, and was created a baronet in 1808.

Wendy Perriam is the author of several novels, often associated with suburban life. Her work includes Sin City, Absinthe for Elevenses and Broken Places. She has also published several collections of short stories and had these, poetry and other works published in magazines. After studying at a convent school Perriam studied at Oxford and Kingston School of Art before becoming a full-time author. She also teaches creative writing.

Pernambang Rubber Estates Limited: This company was registered in 1920 to acquire the Bukit Blimbing and Cashwood estates in Selangor, Malaya. It also acquired a number of other estates in 1922-29. In 1933 it was acquired by Pataling Rubber Estates Limited (CLC/B/112-127).

In the early 1930s, the Norwegians claimed an area on the East Greenland coast (called Eirik Raudes Land by the Norwegians) as Norwegian territory. The Permanent Court of International Justice ruled against Norway in 1933 and they subsequently abandoned their claims.

Melvin Lee Perlman was born in 1933, in Pampa, Texas. He entered Yale University in 1951 having won a four-year fellowship to do a B.A. degree in Human Culture and Behaviour. From 1955 to 1956 he studied Hebrew language and culture at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Israel. After securing a Graduate Assistantship at Oxford University he did a one-year diploma in Anthropology at Oxford and passed with distinction in 1957. During 1957 and 1958 he read for a B.Litt degree in Social Anthropology at the same university. In 1963 he obtained the degree of D.Phil in Social Anthropology from Oxford University.

Between 1959 and 1962 he was engaged as Research Fellow of the East African Institute of Social Research (EAISR) of Makere University College, Kampala, Uganda, where he undertook a research study on marriage and family life in Uganda with special reference to Toro. In 1961, while on contract to the EAISR, he also undertook a study with recommendations for the Uganda Company on: Factors Affecting Labour Stability on the Uganda Company Tea Estates in Toro District, Uganda. Melvin Perlman died in May 1988.

Hermann Perl, was a German Jewish immigrant who arrived in Great Britain probably some time in the late 1930s. He had a number of friends and associates in Breslau (Wroclaw), Poland.

Lisbeth Perks was born into a Jewish family in Vienna c 1930; came to Great Britain as a refugee, 1939. Whilst bringing up her family she studied pianoforte with Herbert Sumison and Kendall Taylor and gained an associateship of the Royal College of Music. She has taught in many schools and at her own home.

Born on 15 November 1866; educated at Merchant Taylors' School (1877–1885) and Jesus College, Oxford, 1885-1889; briefly worked as a private tutor at Dartmouth; selected by the Sandwich Islands committee (set up by the British Association and the Royal Society) to go as collector to the Hawaiian Islands, 1891; spent the greater part of the next ten years in the Hawaiian Islands collecting all groups of terrestrial animals; board of agriculture of the Territory of Hawaii, 1902-1904; director of the new division of entomology at the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association's experimental station, 1904; retired to England, 1912; awarded an Oxford DSc, 1906; gold medal of the Linnean Society of London 1912; elected FRS, 1920; died, 1955.

Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1937 onwards.

George Perkins was born in Staines, Middlesex, in 1892. He was educated at Hurstpierpoint College, Sussex, and Hertford College, Oxford. He studied medicine at Oxford, and St Thomas' Hospital, London. He was awarded his degree in 1916. He joined the RAMC and was posted to East Africa as the medical officer to the 3rd King's African Rifles, with the rank of Captain. He was awarded the Military Cross for his services in East Africa. He returned to St Thomas' Hospital as House Surgeon, and was appointed to the Military Orthopaedic Hospital, Hammersmith, in 1919. He was appointed Senior Medical Officer at Shepherd's Bush Orthopaedic Hospital, in 1920. He became a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, in 1921, and was elected honorary assistant surgeon to the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital. He returned to St Thomas' Hospital as Chief Assistant to the Orthopaedic Department in 1923, and became Assistant Surgeon of the Department, in 1926. Perkins was recalled to the Army in 1939, where he served in the Casualty Clearing Stations in France until 1940, when he was invalided because of serious illness. He began to write his book on fractures at this time and after his convalescence he worked at Queen Mary's Hospital, Roehampton. He became President of the British Orthopaedic Association. He returned to St Thomas' in 1946, and became head of the Orthopaedic Department, a role he continued even when he was appointed Professor of Surgery in the London University at St Thomas' Hospital, in 1948 until 1954. He retired as head of the Orthopaedic department of St Thomas's in 1957. He died in 1979.

William Henry Perkin was an English chemist born in East London; he entered the Royal College of Chemistry aged 15 and discovered the first aniline dye, Mauveine, at the age of 18. Perkin's discovery set off the subsequent discovery of other new aniline dyes which led on to factories being established to produce them. Another result of his discovery was the increase in the processing of coal tar, the main source of material for his dye. Perkin was widely lauded in his later life (including his knighthood in 1906) and was also President of the Chemical Society from 1883 to 1885.

Peter Peri was born in 1899 in Budapest and was originally named Laszlo Weisz. He left grammar school at 15 but attended evening classes in art. He was a strong supporter of the Bela Kun regime. When the regime fell, he was marked as a dangerous subversive and left to live in Paris in 1920. He was soon expelled from Paris for revolutionary activities, and moved to Berlin, where he became one of a group of Hungarian avant-garde artists. Peri became known as a leading constructivist, and in 1922 had his first exhibition of 'space constructions' with Moholy-Nagy.

During the mid 1920s Peri gave up sculpture for architecture, but lack of success made him return to sculpture. At this time, Peri decided that he wanted to make art that reflected the life around him. His work took on a kind of realism within his strong sense of form and structure. Between 1927 and 1933, he concentrated on small figures made of bronze. When Hitler came to power in 1933, Peri left Germany for England, with his second wife, British music student, Mary McNaughton. The bulk of his work was left behind and destroyed by the concierge of his flat. In London, Peri soon became a leading member of the Artists International Association. As bronze was too expensive, he began to use concrete as his medium. Peri used concrete for the rest of his life, as felt that concrete was not only aesthetic and practical, but reflected the political concerns of his work. Many of his sculptures commented on the human situation. In 1938, he had an important one man show 'London Life in Concrete'. During the war Peri turned to making original prints, including lino-cuts, etchings, aquatints and engravings. From 1948, Peri continued with his small figurative works and received many commissions for outdoor sculptures. During this time Peri felt a need for a spiritual dimension to his life and became a Quaker. In 1966 he married his third wife, Heather Hall. Peter Peri died in 1967.

Perez was born in 1711 in Italy. He composed several operas, amongst them Didone Abbandonata, 1753. He died in 1778.

Little is known about Alfred Pavel Peres save for the fact that he was an international lawyer and that he helped Eduard Benes get visas for political liberals. He was a member of the Deutsch-demokratischen Freiheitspartei.

Jonathan Pereira (1804-1853) was born in Shoreditch, London, of Sephardic Jewish descent, and educated locally. At sixteen he was articled to an apothecary in the City Road, then in 1821 became a student at the General Dispensary, Aldersgate Street. He attended courses in chemistry, materia medica, and practical medicine by Henry Clutterbuck, on natural philosophy by George Birkbeck, and on botany by William Lambe. Shortly before his nineteenth birthday he qualified as as licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries and became apothecary to the Aldersgate dispensary. Thereafter he also studied surgery at St Bartholomew's Hospital, qualifying as a surgeon in 1825.

Whilst at the Aldersgate dispensary he taught widely, giving private lessons to medical students and writing textbooks: he published Synopsis of the Chemical Decomposition that takes place in the Preparations of the London Pharmacopoeia in 1823, an English translation of the newly revised Pharmacopoeia Londinensis and Selectae e praescriptis (a selection of medical prescriptions) in 1824, A Manual for the Use of [Medical] Students in 1826 and A General Table of Atomic Numbers with an Introduction to Atomic Theory in 1827. He had succeeded Clutterbuck as the dispensary's lecturer in chemistry in 1826 and in 1828 began to teach materia medica. Teaching duties slowed down his publication schedule from 1827 to 1835 but proved lucrative.

In 1832 he was appointed Professor of Materia Medica at the new medical school in Aldersgate Street and lecturer in chemistry at the London Hospital. In 1841 he became Assistant Physician to the London Hospital, having passed the examination to become a Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians after a quick course of study, and obtained the degree of MD from Erlangen. In 1845 he became a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, and was made a member of the pharmacopoeial committee and curator of the museum. He became full physician at the London Hospital in 1851.

His work on The Elements of Materia Medica and Therapeutics first appeared in 1839, based upon his published lectures; an enlarged second edition followed in 1842. He spent much of the succeeding years working on the third edition but died before all parts were complete; it was published in 1853 having been completed by Alfred Swaine Taylor and George Owen Rees. The work improved upon all previous publications on materia medica through its scientific exactitude. During these years he was also closely associated with Jacob Bell in the setting up of the Pharmaceutical Society.

In 1838 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. He was a fellow of the Linnean Society and a member of the Phrenological Society and the Meteorological Society.

He died in 1853.

Born, 1865; educated at the Oratory School, Edgbaston under Cardinal Newman, 1876-1883 and at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, 1883-1884; commissioned in the 3rd battalion of the Grenadier Guards, 1884; a hunting accident in January left him with a permanent limp which interrupted his career, 1885; home service until 1899; seconded for service with the Chinese regiment of infantry recently formed at Weihaiwei, 1899; touring the provinces of north-east China, 1901; rejoined his battalion in South Africa for the campaigns in the Transvaal and Cape Colony, 1902; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1902-1923; Korea, 1903; temporary military attaché to the British minister at Seoul in Korea, 1904; as military attaché with the Japanese army he witnessed the Manchurian campaign, 1905; military attaché at Peking, 1905-1910; came back to Europe in 1909 and resigned his commission; returned to China and journeyed from Peking through Chihli (Zhili) and Shansi, across the Ordos to Ninghsia, 1910; spent nine months exploring and shooting in the Altai and T'ien Shan, 1911; visited the Kumbun and Labrang monasteries in south-western Kansu before moving south along the upper reaches of the Salween and Mekong rivers and crossing briefly into the Shan states in Burma, he then moved across country to Foochow (Fuzhou) and by steamer to Shanghai, 1912; rejoined the service, 1914; served in France with the 47th London division; commander of the 4th Royal Welch Fusiliers, 1915; commanded the 47th brigade of the 16th division, 1916-1917; commanded the 43rd brigade, 1918; joined General Knox's mission to Admiral Kolchak in Siberia, 1919; returned to China, 1920 to journey to Lhasa; died, 1923.

Percy Jones began his business in 1905 from a small office in Cheapside. He was approached by an American businessman Mr. Charles Maltby who was travelling in Britain trying to find an agent for his loose leaf Twinlock ledgers. Percy Jones bought £100 worth of goods and six months later moved to a warehouse and office in Carter Lane near St Paul's Cathedral. Here Shelton Cox, who later became a Director of the company joined Percy Jones as a shorthand typist. As turn over grew and as a result of a fire in the Twinlock factory in America the first factory in Britain was established in Cowcross Street, Smithfield. In 1913 the Cowcross premises became too small so the factory moved to Little Sutton Street.

During the War the Twinlock News was founded (1916) and copies from 1916 to 1963 are included among the records. After the War Twinlock became a Limited Company, and in 1919 built a factory in Beckenham. The first showroom was built in 1921 in Charles Street, Hatton Garden.

The Twinlock Company also formed a company in South Africa to manufacture the Twinlock line and this is also represented in some of the photographs of the collection.

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

The Percy Chapel was built in 1765; and demolished in 1867. William Wilberforce worshipped here for some years. The chapel was on the west side of Charlotte Street, immediately opposite Windmill Street.

Born, Nottingham, 1817; educated at private school, Southampton; studied medicine in Paris, 1834-1836, and Edinburgh University, graduated, 1838; physician, Queen's Hospital, Birmingham, 1839; studied metallurgy at local metallurgical works; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1847; invented process for extracting silver; lecturer in metallurgy, later Professor, Government School of Mines and Science Applied to the Arts (later Royal School of Mines), 1851-1879; member, Council of the Royal Society, 1857-1859; lecturer in metallurgy, Woolwich, [1864]-1889; superintendent of ventilation for the Houses of Parliament, 1865; member, Secretary for War's commissions on the application of iron for defensive purposes, 1861, 'Gibraltar' shields, 1867; member, royal commissions on coal, 1871, spontaneous combustion of coal in ships, 1875; Bessemer medal of the Iron and Steel Institute, 1876; President, Iron and Steel Institute, 1885-1886; Millar prize of the Institute of Civil Engineers, 1887; Albert medal of the Society of Arts, 1889; died, 1889.
Publications: include: An experimental inquiry concerning the presence of alcohol in the ventricles of the brain after poisoning by that liquid (Hamilton, Adams & Co, London, 1839); The Metallurgical Treatment and assaying of gold ores (1853); Metallurgy. The art of extracting metals from their ores, and adapting them to various purposes of manufacture 5 vol (London, 1861-1880); The Manufacture of Russian Sheet-Iron (London, 1871); Address to the Iron and Steel Institute May 12, 1886 (Ballantyne, Hanson & Co, Edinburgh, [1886]).

John Percy was born in Nottingham on 23 March 1817, the son of a solicitor. Initially studying medicine in Paris and Edinburgh, followed by being elected physician in Birmingham, he became increasingly interested in chemistry, specifically metallurgy.

He gave up medicine in 1851 to lecture in metallurgy at the newly established Royal School of Mines, Jermyn Street, remaining there until the School moved to South Kensington in 1879. He wrote on many subjects, including medical science and social and political issues, as well as metallurgy. Intending to produce the first comprehensive work on metallurgy in English, he published four volumes between 1861 and 1880, but the work remained unfinished. He was highly regarded in his field, receiving awards such as the Bessemer medal from the Iron and Steel Institute (now IOM3) and the Albert Medal from the Royal Society of Arts, which was conferred on him two days before his death.

He became a Fellow of the Geological Society in 1851, serving on the Society's Council between 1853 and 1856, and died on 19 June 1889.

The English Parliament is the main legislative body of the country. The Earl Marshal, originally in charge of the Court of Chivalry which was concerned with military matters such as ransom, booty and soldiers pay, as well as the misuse of armorial bearings. The role was later refined and the Marshal came to be responsible solely for armorial cases: he is the head of the College of Arms. The post has been hereditary since 1672, remaining with the Howard family, Dukes of Norfolk.The reign of King Edward III saw the height of the Hundred Years War against France, in which the Scots sided with the French. Henry Algernon Percy, 5th Earl of Northumberland, (known as 'The Magnificent', due to the splendour of his establishment), succeeded to the earldom at the age of 11. He was prominent at court in the early years of Henry VIII's reign, and took part in Henry's expedition to France in 1513, being present at the siege of Therouenne and the Battle of the Spurs. He was also one of the 10 earls appointed to wait on King Francis I at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 1520. He declined the office of warden of the Marches, and died in bed in 1527.

Robert Perceval obtained his MD at Edinburgh in 1780, and was appointed first Professor of Chemistry, Dublin University, a post he held from 1785 to 1805.

William Hasledine Pepys was born the son of W H Pepys, cutler and maker of surgical instruments, in London, in 1775. His educational background is not known. In 1796 he founded the Askesian Society, which led to the foundation of the British Mineralogical Society, the Geological Society and the London Institution, in Finsbury Square, London. He was an original manager of the London Institution and was Honorary Secretary from 1821 to 1824. He became the Treasurer and Vice-President of the Geological Society. He worked on soda-water apparatus in 1798 and also researched into using mercury contacts for electrical apparatus and tubes coated in India rubber to convey gases, inventing the mercury gasometer as a result. In 1807 he invented a type of eudiometer, and in 1808 he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society. He extended his father's business into making instruments for the philosophical discipline. He was active in the management of the Royal Institution of Great Britain (RI) and was its Vice-President in 1816. He published papers of his work in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, and in Philosophical Magazine with William Allen (1770-1843). He was a Quaker and he died in Kensington, London in 1856.

Born, 1775; Profession: Scientific instrument maker; Career: succeeded to his father's business, and extended it to scientific instrument making; invented apparatus, including a Eudiometer, and the Pepys Water gas holder; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1808; died, 1856.

Samuel Pepys was born in 1633 in London. His father was a tailor, but had good family connections including a landed uncle in Huntingdonshire and an aunt with an advantageous marriage. Pepys attended Saint Paul's School and Cambridge, after which he became the private secretary of his cousin Edward Mountagu (later the Earl of Sandwich). In 1659 he began his 30 years of service to the Navy when Mountagu was made general at sea. In 1660 Pepys was given a job at the Navy Board, and was part of the group sent to bring Charles II back to England to begin his reign. In the same year he began his diary, which has made him famous and which provides an insight into the life and customs of his day, as well as giving accounts of major events such as the plague and the Great Fire of London in 1666. Pepys ended the diary in 1669, concerned that his eyesight was failing. His career continued to be successful, and he became Secretary to the Admiralty Commission in 1672. He died in 1703 and was buried at Saint Olave, Hart Street.

Samuel Pepys was born in 1633 in London. His father was a tailor, but had good family connections including a landed uncle in Huntingdonshire and an aunt with an advantageous marriage. Pepys attended Saint Paul's School and Cambridge, after which he became the private secretary of his cousin Edward Mountagu (later the Earl of Sandwich). In 1659 he began his 30 years of service to the Navy when Mountagu was made general at sea. In 1660 Pepys was given a job at the Navy Board, and was part of the group sent to bring Charles II back to England to begin his reign. In the same year he began his diary, which has made him famous and which provides an insight into the life and customs of his day, as well as giving accounts of major events such as the plague and the Great Fire of London in 1666. Pepys ended the diary in 1669, concerned that his eyesight was failing. His career continued to be successful, and he became Secretary to the Admiralty Commission in 1672. He died in 1703 and was buried at Saint Olave, Hart Street.

Information from: C ] S Knighton, Pepys, Samuel (1633-1703), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/21906, accessed 16 June 2011].

Created by People's Palace Projects (PPP). The founder and artistic director of PPP is Paul Heritage, Professor of Drama and Performance. People's Palace Projects (PPP) is an independent arts charity, founded in 1996, that advances the practice and understanding of art for social justice. It is a regularly funded organisation (RFO) of Arts Council England and is based at Queen Mary, University of London.

Interested in exploring the ways in which the arts can respond to urgent social crises, Paul Heritage's vision for People's Palace Projects was supported by Queen Mary University of London and the organisation was incorporated as a charity in 1998. People's Palace Projects has had an international focus from its inception, with our first project journeying to Burkina Faso, West Africa. This initial project marked the beginning of the process that still forms the basis of PPP's work, both in the UK and beyond. The People's Palace Projects has spent the last fifteen years creating and debating art that makes a difference to people's lives. From London to Brazil, Liverpool to Azerbaijan, creative projects and cultural exchange programmes have sought out contexts where art matters most and worked with those for whom art makes a difference in their lives.

Queen Mary College traced its foundation from the opening of the People's Palace in Mile End in1887. The purpose of the Palace was to provide an educational and cultural centre for the local community and it included technical schools from the beginning. The whole complex was completed by 1892 but already the tensions between the two purposes of the Palace: pleasure and tuition, were evident. The entertainment side of the operation was suffering from financial difficulties which threatened the continued success of the educational side. Eventually a Scheme was approved whereby the Drapers' Company agreed to support the Palace with £7000 per annum for ten years and took seven places on the Governing Body.

In 1896 the Palace's technical schools became the East London Technical College. The College was divided into three Departments: a boys' Day School (closed in 1906), Day Classes and Evening Classes preparing students for university and the civil service. There was an emphasis on engineering and chemistry but trade and commercial classes were also taught. Bow and Bromley Institute was amalgamated with the College in 1898 and continued as a branch until its closure in 1911. By 1900 five Professors at the College were recognised as University of London teachers.

In 1905 an evening Arts course was started and Technical was removed from the college's name reflecting the changed emphasis of its mission to promote higher education in East London. An application for School status was made to the University of London and in 1907 this was granted on a temporary basis, followed by permanent recognition in 1915. Working arrangements for the Palace and the College were also under review and in 1911 the Visiting Committee of the Palace Governors was split into two to form a College Committee and a Palace Committee albeit still under the umbrella of the Palace Governors. In 1913 a College Council and an Academic Board were established which finally separated the College from the Palace.

The Students' Union Society started in 1908 and a College magazine was authorised in 1910 subject to the Principal's censorship. Following a bequest in 1909 an Aeronautical Society and the first university aeronautical laboratory were established. In 1917 the College admitted London Hospital Medical College students for the first time due to war-time conditions. Hostel accommodation for women was first provided in 1918 at Snaresbrook and, later, at Whipps Cross. The mid-1920s saw the development of a School of Drama and a Drama Society.

A fire in 1931 which completely destroyed the Palace's Queen's Hall paved the way for the final physical separation of Palace and College whilst also allowing space for the expansion of the College onto the original site of the Palace. Again the Drapers' Company provided the means and the finance for the change. The College then set about gaining a Royal Charter and as part of the process decided that a change of name would be beneficial. In December 1934 the Charter of Incorporation of Queen Mary's College was handed to the Master of the Drapers' Company. During the 1930s, a reconstruction scheme resulted in a new lecture theatre, a rebuilding of the engineering departments, provision of a high-voltage laboratory, a new chemistry laboratory, extension of the physics department, and dining hall.

From 1939 to 1945 the College was evacuated to Cambridge with the male students housed at King's and the female at Girton. QMC buildings in Mile End became a barracks for troops guarding the London Docks until 1941 when Stepney Borough Council became tenants. During this period the College Governors met at Drapers' Hall whilst the Academic Board met regularly at King's. The two decades after the war saw a substantial expansion of the College through the acquisition of adjacent bombed sites and student numbers increased from 853 in 1947 to 2162 in 1967. Between 1956 and 1962 a new engineering complex was constructed and a new physics block was completed in the same year. This was the first stage of a strategy to house science departments outside the main building which could then devoted to arts and administration. In 1961 the establishment of a mathematical laboratory laid the basis for the development of a Computer Centre, opened in 1968, and a Department of Computer Science and Statistics which enabled the College to be the first within the University to provide a degree course concentrated on computer science. The college has continued to be at the forefront of the application of computer technology with the establishment of computer-assisted teaching in 1973 and a computer aided design and manufacture laboratory in 1984.

Following the Robbins Report in 1963 the College proposed new buildings for mathematics and biology with the establishment of new Faculties of Laws and Economics. The latter were established in 1965 and 1966 respectively. The provision of a nuclear reactor in the Department of Nuclear Engineering during the same years was another first for the College among UK universities. The reactor was deactivated in 1982 as part of the rationalisation of College activities.

Courses for London Hospital Medical College students were discontinued in 1961. However, the Todd Report on Medical Education in 1968 recommended the association of St Bartholomew's and the London Medical Colleges with QMC and the "BLQ" scheme dominated the College's planning for the following seventeen years. After 1967 the College began to expand eastwards towards the Regent's Canal to provide space for pre-clinical teaching as well as facilities and amenities for a larger College. The financial stringencies of the late 1970s and 1980s, brought a reduction in estate commitments elsewhere and some single honours courses were relinquished with others transferred. However, QMC was designated as one of the five sites within the University for concentration of laboratory sciences and some fifty-three academic and twenty technical staff with 350 science-based students were transferred from other Schools of the University during 1983 and 1984. Also the academic structure of the College was adapted with the establishment of Schools which combined the resources of departments where interests and activities overlapped. Emphasis was given to developing Centres to facilitate inter-disciplinary research. The 1980s ended with the amalgamation of Westfield College with QMC in 1989. In the same year the BLQ scheme was finally realised and courses were provided for pre-clinical students from the Medical Colleges of St. Bartholomew's and The London Hospitals.

The People's Palace began in 1886, with the purpose of providing an educational and cultural centre for the local community. It was financed by the Beaumont Trust, established under the will of John Barber Beaumont to support the Philosophical Institution that he had founded, and occupied the site of the former Bancroft's School acquired from the Drapers' Company. The Palace was to comprise the Queen's Hall, a library modelled on that of the British Museum, a swimming bath, a gymnasium, and a winter garden as well as schools. The foundation stone of the Queen's Hall was laid by the Prince of Wales in June 1886, and it was opened by Queen Victoria in the following year. The Queen's Hall was used for lectures, concerts and organ recitals, shows of birds and flowers, exhibitions of animals and pictures, fetes and other entertainments which, reportedly, were attended by thousands of people. The library and swimming bath were completed in 1888 as were the technical and trade schools which later developed into Queen Mary College. The Bow and Bromley Institute amalgamated with the People's Palace as a branch of East London College in 1898. The winter garden, begun in 1890 and completed in 1892, was also used for concerts and refreshments. The gymnasium, constructed in 1891, had a roller-skating rink in the basement. However, the financial management of the Palace soon ran into difficulties. It was saved by the Drapers' Company which committed a subsidy of £70,000 over ten years.

In 1889 a separate students' library had been established and by 1902 the Governors agreed that the original library should be transferred to the Borough of Stepney to form the basis for the first public library in Mile End. In 1911 the Visiting Committee of the Palace Governors was split into two to form a Palace Committee and a College Committee albeit still under the umbrella of the Palace Governors. This was the beginning of a final administrative separation of the Palace from the College which was formalised in 1913.

In 1931 a fire completely destroyed the Queen's Hall and it was decided to resite the People's Palace in St Helen's Terrace. This gave the whole of the original site to the College and finally achieved the physical separation of Palace and College. The new People's Palace was opened in 1937, providing a concert and dance hall. However, postwar conditions meant that the People's Palace was no longer financially sustainable, and in 1953 it came on the market. In 1954 it was acquired by Queen Mary College. Then in 1956 it was renamed the Queen's Building by HM Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, and became an integral part of Queen Mary College.

The People's League of Health was founded in 1917 by Olga Nethersole (1870-1951). Nethersole was a former actress who joined the British Red Cross in 1916 during World War I (1914-1918). She was on the nursing staff of the Hampstead Military Hospital as a VAD 1916-1919. Nethersole represented the People's Health League at conferences held in Brussels (1920), Lausanne (1924), Washington DC (1926) and Rome (1928). She was the League's representative on the Council of the Central Chamber of Agriculture in 1931. Following speculation that tuberculosis could be passed to be people through milk supplies, the League conducted a Survey of Tuberculosis of Bovine Origin in Great Britain from February 1930 to October 1931. The report of the findings of this survey urged that the "...adequate supervision and control over the health of all persons engaged in the production and distribution of milk should be secured".

The Pentonville Charity School was established in 1788, first as a Sunday School, then as a day school, providing clothing for about half the number of boys and girls educated. The school drew its income mainly from subscriptions and collections at sermons. The National System of education was adopted, reading writing and arithmetic being taught, with needlework for the girls.

Born 1896; educated privately and at Birkbeck College and University College London, 1913-1917; Administrative Assistant and Personnel Officer, Ministry of National Service, 1917-1918, and War Trade Intelligence Department, 1918-1919; editor of peace handbooks prepared for the Paris Peace Conference, 1918; Lecturer, Birkbeck College, University of London, 1921-1930; part-time Lecturer, East London (later Queen Mary) College, London, 1923-1925; Member of the Board of Studies in History, 1924, and Member of the Board of Examiners in History, 1926, University of London; Vice-President of the Historical Association, 1930; Professor of Modern History, Bedford College, University of London, 1930-1962; Dean of the Faculty of Arts, University of London, 1938-1944; Member of the Senate, University of London, 1940-1962; National Service, Intelligence Division, Ministry of Information, 1938-1939; Member of Commission on Higher Education in the Colonies, 1943-1945; Chairman of the Academic Council, University of London, 1945-1948; Vice-Chancellor, University of London, 1948-1951; Founder Member, 1948, and Chairman, 1953-1954, of the United States Educational Commission in the United Kingdom; DBE, 1951; Member of the Council, Salisbury College, Rhodesia, 1955; Honorary Fellow, Royal College of Surgeons, 1959; Member of the Council, 1928, Vice-President and Honorary Vice-President, 1959-1963, Royal Historical Society; Honorary degrees from Canterbury, Leeds, St Andrews, Southampton, Oxford, Sheffield, Cambridge, Belfast and Western Ontario, Canada; Emeritus Professor, 1962; retired 1962; died 1963.

Publications: assisted with British documents on the origin of the war, 1898-1914 (London, 1927); editor of Europe in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (Longmans, London, 1940); Bibliography of modern history (London, 1922); Educational partnership in Africa and the West Indies: being a lecture on the Montague Burton Foundation in the University of Glasgow, delivered on 15th April, 1954 (Jackson and Co, Glasgow, 1955); Foreign affairs under the third Marquis of Salisbury (Athlone Press, London, 1962); History and politics (Birkbeck College, London, 1949); The Bengal administrative system, 1786-1818 (Cambridge History of the British Empire, Vol 4); The Colonial Agents of the British West Indies: a study in colonial administration, mainly in the eighteenth century (University Press, London, 1924); The colonial background of British foreign policy (Bell and Sons, London, 1930); The West Indies and the Spanish-American trade, 1713-1748; A century of diplomatic Blue Books, 1814-1914 (University Press, Cambridge, 1938); Foundations of British foreign policy (University Press, Cambridge, 1938); Short bibliography of modern European history, 1789-1935 (G Bell and Sons, London, 1936); Short bibliography of modern European history, 1709-1926 (London, 1927).

The Pensions Research Accountants Group (PRAG) is an independent research and discussion group focused primarily on the reporting and accounting of pension schemes. PRAG was founded in 1976 by Mike Young, the Group's first chairman and honorary President. PRAG is administered by an Executive Committee, with members from across the range of professions involved in pensions. It becaome a private company limited by guarantee in 1997.

PRAG produce reports on subjects of interest in the pensions field and responses to official documents on pensions. These are produced by working parties made up of PRAG members with a relevant specialism or interest who may be joined by external specialists. PRAG's first publication, Financial Reports for Pension Funds, was published in 1978, and working parties went on to produce a range of reports on specialist areas of accounting and the practical administration of pension funds.

PRAG were involved in the development of the Accounting Standards Committee's Statement of Recommended Practice (SORP) on the Financial Statements of Pensions Schemes, and the Group later received approval from the Accounting Standards Board for producing pensions SORPs which enabled them to issue revisions of the Pension SORP in 1996, 2002 and 2007. The Group also submitted recommendations to the Accounting Standard Committee's Statement of Standard Accounting Policy on accounting for pensions costs in employer's accounts.

The papers in the collection come from four sources:

• Mike Young, Chairman 1976-1981 and President 1976-;
• Mike Jones, Research Secretary 1984-1988;
• Geraldine Kaye, General Secretary 1985-1988 and Research Secretary 1988-1991;

• Glyn Peat, Research Secretary 1991-1993 and Chairman 1993-1996.

  Source of information: www.prag.org.uk [accessed 19 May 2011].