In 1793 cavalry barracks were built on the heath in Heston north of the Staines Road. A chapel was opened in the Barracks during the 19th century.
From: A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3: Shepperton, Staines, Stanwell, Sunbury, Teddington, Heston and Isleworth, Twickenham, Cowley, Cranford, West Drayton, Greenford, Hanwell, Harefield and Harlington (1962), pp. 94-96 and pp. 122-129.
William George Lobjoit, 1859-1939, was owner of Osterley Park Farm and chairman of W.J. Lobjoit and Son, Ltd., (market gardeners). He represented Heston Electoral Division from 1907 until his election as County Alderman in 1919, remaining in office until his death. He was also chairman and/or member of various committees.
Hector Alastair Hetherington, 1919-1999, was educated at Gresham's School, Holt and Corpus Christi College, Oxford. He spent the second world war in the Royal Armoured Corps and in 1946 joined the editorial staff of the Glasgow Herald. He left in 1950 to join the Manchester Guardian where he was assistant editor and foreign editor 1953-1956 and editor 1956-1975. After he left the Guardian, he went into television, becoming controller of BBC Scotland 1975-1978 and manager of BBC Highland 1979-1980.
Born 1903; educated at Imperial College, 1920-1923; Beit Fellow, Imperial College,1923; Lecturer in Zoology, Imperial College, 1926-1937, Reader, 1937-1964 and Professor of Zoology, 1964-1970, Imperial College, London; active in government service during the Second World War; Chief Rodent Officer, Ministry of Food, 1941-1945; Chairman, Advisory Committee, Infestation Control Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1965-1974; Chairman, Farm Animals Welfare Committee, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1967-1974; Secretary-General of the International Congress of Zoology, 1959; died, 1974.
Publications: Practical Zoology. Instructions for dissection and preparation of elementary types of animals (Hutchinson, London, [1935]); XVth International Congress of Zoology, London 16-23 July 1958. Proceedings, edited jointly with N D Riley [London, 1958]; Grey Seals (Sunday Times, [London, 1962]).
Hewett entered the navy in 1847, serving as midshipman in the second Anglo-Burmese War of 1852-3. In 1854 he was acting mate of the BEAGLE and in command of a Lancaster gun in the battery before Sevastopol, he gallantly opened fire on a Russian column ordered to spike the gun and withdraw the men. His action proved decisive using grapeshot and wheeling the gun around and firing within 300 yards. His involvement at Inkermen (5 Nov 1854) proved distinguished and Captain Lushington promoted him to Lieutenant and with seniority on 26 October 1854. He was also appointed Commander of the Beagle until 1857. One of the first recipients of the Victoria Cross for his conduct on 26 October and 5 November 1854, he appeared In the Gazette on 24 February 1857. Later Hewett was appointed commander of the ROYAL YACHT in 1858, then continued to command the VIPER, RINALDO and BASILISK. He was flag captain to Sir H Kellet in the OCEAN, 1870-2 and captain of DEVASTATION, 1872-3. From 1873-6 he was commodore and commander- in- chief on the west coast of Africa. He was made KCB on 31 March 1874 and later was also KCSI, chevalier of the Legion d?Honneur, member of the order of the Mejidiye and the Abyssinian order of Solomon. In 1877 he was appointed to the ACHILLES and commander-in- chief in the East Indies in April 1882. He became vice-admiral on 8 July 1884 and between 1886-8 was in command of the channel fleet. He was sent as a patient to Haslar Hospital, Gosport, where Hewett died on 13 May 1888.
Arthur Reginald Hewitt was born in 1907 and was first Secretary/Librarian of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies. The proposal for a classfied catalogue of British Official Publications was not carried out, as there was no demand.
Cecil Rolph Hewitt, 1901-1994, had two careers. He was a member of the City of London Police Force from 1921 to 1946, rising to become Chief Inspector. After leaving the Police Force he became involved in journalism. He was a member of the editorial staff of The New Statesman, 1947-1970, and editor of The Author, 1956-1960. He was also involved in the publishing of many books and articles. Hewitt worked under the professional name of C H Rolph.
Born in 1901; educated in London state schools; officer in the City of London Police, 1921-1946 (reaching Chief-Inspector); Editorial Staff, The New Statesman, 1947-1970; Editor, The Author, 1956-1960; Director, The New Statesman, 1965-1980; Member of the Parole Board, 1967-1969, and the Council of the Society of Authors; contributor to the Encyclopedia Britannica, Chambers Encyclopedia, Punch, The Week-End Book, The New Law Journal, the Times Literary Supplement, The Author, and The Nation. Hewitt wrote under the professional name of Cecil Hewitt Rolph, and was well-known as a crusading journalist on issues such as censorship and capital punishment. Publications: Police Duties. 200 points in police law with an appendix of examination questions (Police Review Publishing Co, London, 1936); A Licensing Handbook (Police Review Publishing Co, London, 1947); editor of Women of the Streets. A sociological study of the common prostitute (Secker & Warburg, London, 1955); Hanged by the Neck: an exposure of capital punishment in England (Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, 1961); The Trial of Lady Chatterley: Regina v. Penguin Books Limited. The transcript of the trial (Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, 1961); Before the Beak (Newman Neame Take Home Books, London, 1958); Believe what you like. What happened between the Scientologists and the National Association for Mental Health (Andre Deutsch, London, 1973); Books in the dock (André Deutsch, London, 1969); Common Sense about Crime and Punishment (Victor Gollancz, London, 1961); editor of Does Pornography matter? (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1961); Kingsley: The life, letters and diaries of Kingsley Martin (London, Gollancz, 1973); Living twice: an autobiography (Victor Gollancz, London, 1974); Mental Disorder: A brief examination of the Report of the Royal Commission on the Law relating to Mental Illness and Mental Deficiency, 1954-1957 (National Association for Mental Health, London, 1958); Personal Identity (Michael Joseph: London, 1957); The Law is yours (Daily Mirror, London, 1964); The Police and the Public (Heinemann, London, 1962); Letters to both women (Wilton 65, Bishop Wilton, 1990); As I was saying (Police Review, London, 1985); The Police (Wayland, Hove, 1980); The Queen's pardon (Cassell, London, 1978); London particulars (Oxford University Press, 1980); Further particulars (Oxford University Press, 1987); Mr Prone: a week in the life of an ignorant man (Oxford University Press, 1977). AEGIS (Aid to the Elderly in Government Institutions) was a pressure group set up by Barbara Robb (d 1976) in 1965 to campaign about the treatment of elderly people in the psychiatric and geriatric wards of British hospitals.
William Hewitt was born in Coventry in 1719. In 1767 Hewitt was appointed a Commissioner 'for the sale and disposal of lands in the Ceded Islands in the West Indies' (Grenada, the Grenadines, St. Vincent, Dominica and Tobago), and also held several minor appointments such as Customs officer and aide-de-camp. The work of the Commission terminated in 1771 and Hewitt returned to England. However, in 1776 he was appointed Commissioner 'for adjusting the differences that have arisen or may arise in respect to sales and leases of lands in the islands of Grenada, the Grenadines, St. Vincent, Dominica and Tobago,' although he did not receive his salary or expenses for the period 1776 to 1781. He lost his estates on Dominica when the island fell to the French in 1778, and having been involved adversely in several bankruptcies, he left considerable debts. He died in St. Eustatius on 16 May 1781.
Born 1904; educated Magdalen College School, Oxford, and University College, Swansea; Assistant Lecturer in Chemistry, University of Manchester, 1928-1930; Lecturer in Chemistry, University of Manchester, 1930-1938; Lecturer in Chemistry, Imperial College, London, 1939-1941; Director of British Schering Research Institute, 1941-1945; Professor of Chemistry, King's College London, 1945-1949; Daniell Professor of Chemistry, University of London, 1949-1971; Vice President, Chemical Society, 1951-1954; Reilly Lecturer, University of Notre Dame, Indiana, USA, 1952; Scientific Advisor for Civil Defence, South East Region, 1952-1958; Assistant Principal, King's College London, 1962-1968; President, Section B, British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1965; Visiting Professor, University of Florida, USA, 1967; Fellow of King's College and Imperial College, London, 1968; member of King's College Council, 1955-1978; retired [1971]; died 1987.
Publications: joint editor of Dictionary of organic compounds (Eyre and Spottiswoode, London, 1965); editor of Kingzett's chemical encyclopedia (Bailliere, Tindall and Cassell, London, 1966); Lecture on some recent advances in chemistry in relation to medicine (London, 1944); contributor to The Royal Society of Chemistry: the first 150 years by David Hardy Whiffen (The Royal Society of Chemistry, 1991).
No information was available at the time of compilation.
Born 1911, died 1989.
Heythrop was originally a religious foundation, set up in 1614 by the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) to train its own members. It was originally in Louvain but quickly moved to Liège where it remained until 1794 when the College moved to Stonyhurst, Lancashire. A new College was built near St Asaph, in North Wales in 1848. The Society of Jesus acquired Heythrop Hall, Oxfordshire, in 1923. Heythrop College was set up as a 'Collegium Maximum' - a Roman title indicating a college a little short of university status and issued degrees of the Jesuit-run Gregorian University in Rome. It was opened to students, Aug 1926. In the 1960s a proposal was made for the College to become a 'Pontifical Athenaeum', an institution still rather less than a university, but a degree-granting body in its own right. For that purpose it needed to open its doors to students other than Jesuits, including lay people. This it did in 1965, with the approval of the Catholic bishops of England and Wales. Cardinal Heenan, Archbishop of Westminster, was installed as Chancellor of the new entity. Heythrop College became a constituent college of the University of London in October 1970 and moved to a new location in Cavendish Square. This allowed the College full integration within the British university system. With this move the College was self-governing and no longer a Jesuit institution. Nor was it any longer Roman Catholic. Nonetheless a large Jesuit presence remained, and the ethos continued to be Catholic. The College moved from Cavendish Square to Kensington Square in 1993 for financial reasons.
Born Manchester, 1905; educated at the Alleyn's School, Dulwich, 1910-1919; engineering apprentice with Robey & Son, Lincoln, 1920-1925; Whitworth scholarship for undergraduate studies, City and Guilds College, Imperial College, London, 1925-1928; Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Regent Street Polytechnic, 1931-1936; Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College, 1936; promoted to Reader, 1940; adviser to the governments of Egypt and Malta on solar energy; Principal of Woolwich Polytechnic, 1957-1967; on retirement continued his research at Loughborough University of Technology, as Professor; principal research interests were particle characterisation and solar energy; died, 1971.
Publications: Report on the utilization of solar energy ([Valletta], 1957)
Samuel Heywood was born in Liverpool in 1753. He was educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where his Unitarian religious views prevented him from graduating. He subsequently studied law at the Inner Temple; he was called to the bar in 1778, was made a serjeant-at-law in 1794, and became a judge on the Carmarthen circuit in 1807. One of very few religious dissenters to hold a national public office at this time, he was a strong Whig supporter and a fierce opponent of the Anglican hegemony, particularly its more high church elements.
Employed in the Kenya administration; collector and editor of Swahili manuscripts; his research into Swahili was extensively based on correspondence and collaboration with other scholars, notably Sir Mbarak Ali Hinawy (Liwali of the Coast), Muhammed bin Abu Bakr Kijumwa of Lamu, and Alice Werner; his interests included the history of Swahili poetry, translation of Swahili poetry, and the history of the east African coast; of his verse translations from Swahili only a small proportion were published; his Azania Press (at Medstead, Hampshire) published Swahili literature; died in Mombasa, 1944. Publications: edited The Azanian Classics (2 volumes, Azania Press, Medstead, 1932-1934); with Alice Werner, The Advice of Mwana Kupona upon the Wifely Duty (Azania Press, Medstead, 1934); Diwani ya Muyaka bin Haji al-Ghassaniy. Pamoja na khabari za maisha yake ambazo zimehadithiwa ni W Hichens (Johannesburg, 1940). Identification of the collector of these manuscripts as the businessman William Lionel Hichens (1874-1940), suggested by some bibliographic data, is uncertain.
Admiral Henry Dennis Hickley was born in 1826 and served for almost fifty years in the British Navy and Admiralty. He served as a Lieutenant on H.M.S. Diadem; was Commander on H.M.S. Hope and Her Majesty's Steam Ship Gladiator; and became Captain of H.M.S. Princess Royal, Adventure, Royal Adelaide, Jamar, Hotspur, Endymion, and Impregnable between 1864 and 1878. Promoted to Rear Admiral of the Fleet on 24th January 1880, he was subsequent elevated to Vice-Admiral in June 1886, becoming an Admiral on the Retired List from 5th April 1892. Admiral Hickley was married to Mary Hickley and was the father of Lieutenant John Dennis Hickley, whose papers are also contained in the collection. Admiral Hickley died in 1903 at the age of 77, his son having predeceased him
See sub-fonds level descriptions for individual biographies.
Lieutenant John Dennis Hickley was born on 13th January 1862, the son of Admiral Henry Dennis Hickley. He began a promising career in the Navy in 1874, coming top of his naval cadet class at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich. He became a Midshipman in October 1876 and served on HMS BELLEROPHON, MINOTAUR, and HIMALAYA. He was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant in Her Majesty's fleet on the 31st December 1884 and gained further qualifications whilst stationed at Portsmouth, obtaining two First Class certificates for Instruction in Gunnery and Torpedoes in 1892. Hickley was subsequently involved in operations against Chief Nana of Brohemie on the Benin River, West Africa and was awarded the DSO for his services. Whilst in Africa with HMS PHOEBE in February 1895, J.D. Hickley drowned in a lagoon close to Lorenzo Marques during an unsuccessful duck-hunting trip.
Born at Shrewsbury, 1862; moved with his family to Guildford, 1866; educated at the Royal Grammar School, Guildford; interested in natural science, but formed a desire to enter the Unitarian ministry and went to Owens College, Manchester, 1883; graduated in philosophy with first class honours, 1888; continued to study philosophy, at Manchester College Oxford and then at Leipzig; Hibbert Scholar, 1891-1896; graduated from Leipzig with a PhD, 1896; minister at Unity Church, Islington, 1897-1903; Lecturer for the London School of Ethics and Sociology, 1897-1898; Vice-President of the Aristotelian Society, 1901; Assistant Editor of the Hibbert Journal, 1902; LittD, Manchester, 1904; appointed to the Chair of Moral Philosophy at University College London, 1904; lived in Cambridge, travelling to London several times weekly, and also delivered some lectures in Cambridge; BA by research, Cambridge, 1909; MA, 1912; President of the Aristotelian Society, 1913; elected Fellow of the British Academy, 1927; retired his Professorship, 1928; Emeritus Professor from 1928; Hibbert Lecturer, 1931; Upton Lecturer in Philosophy, 1933; Essex Hall Lecturer, 1934; Hobhouse Memorial Lecturer, 1936; examiner in philosophy at various universities; a leading authority on the philosophers Immanuel Kant and George Berkeley, and on the history of philosophy, and worked on the theory of knowledge, eventually tending towards the realistic theory; died at Cambridge, 1941. Publications: Die Begriffe Phänomenon und Noumenon in ihrem Verhältnis zu einander bei Kant (1897); 'English Philosophy in the Nineteenth Century' in Friedrich Ueberweg and Franz Friedrich Maximilian Heinze's Geschichte der Philosophie (1897); memoir of James Drummond in Drummond's Pauline Meditations (1919); Ways towards the Spiritual Life (1928); article on theory of knowledge in Encyclopaedia Britannica (14th edition, 1929); Berkeley, in Leaders of Philosophy series (1932); Human Personality and Future Life (1934); Thought and Real Existence (1936); The Philosophical Bases of Theism (1937); Critical Realism: Studies in the Philosophy of Mind and Nature (1938); various articles and reviews in Mind, the Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Hibbert Journal, Journal of Psychology, and other periodicals.
John Herbert Hicks was born in Bristol in 1915. He studied medicine at Birmingham University, obtained his Fellowship in 1942 and served as a ship's surgeon in the Merchant Navy, 1942-1946. He became surgical registrar and resident surgical officer at Birmingham General Hospital. He obtained the MCh (Orth) from Liverpool in 1950. He was appointed surgeon to the Birmingham Accident Hospital in 1951, where he proved to be an innovative exponent of accident surgery. Hicks' outstanding contribution was in the rigid fixation of fractures, and his work on the composition of metallic implants and the dangers of corrosion; the management of infected fractures; the treatment of non-union; and elucidation of the structure and function of the foot. He was a teacher, a botanist of distinction (he joined an expedition to Bhutan and had two plants named after him) and the author of provocative articles in medical journals. He died in 1992.
No information could be found at the time of compilation.
William Edward Hickson was born in Westminster in 1803, but was brought up largely in Northampton, where his family were active in the Baptist church. He entered the family's footwear manufacturing business as a young man but also found time to participate in the burgeoning literary and scientific life in London and take an interest in radical politics. Hickson was a founder-member of the Reform Club and owned and edited the radical Westminster Review for more than 10 years. He was most concerned with promoting education (particularly musical education), but was also prominent in discussions on child labour, the Corn Laws, professional malpractice and the condition of the unemployed.
The Hide Shippers and Agents Association was formed in 1925 to represent importers of hides, and their agents in the United Kingdom, who were dissatisfied with existing methods of arbitration employed by the trade. They based the form of their association upon the associations formed by the oil, tallow and grain trades, and, in addition to appointing a panel of arbitrators to hear disputes, introduced uniform printed contracts and promoted the general interests of their trade. Originally based at 84 Leadenhall Street, the association subsequently moved to 5/7 Houndsditch (1959) and Baltic Exchange Chambers, 24 St. Mary Axe (1968).
Higford was born in 1581. After being educated in the arts at Oriel College, Oxford, Higford retired to his Father's seat at Dixton near Alderton. There he was appointed justice of the peace. He died in 1677.
At school, Christopher, like his brother Michael, proved an accomplished mathematician but after winning a scholarship to Oxford decided to turn his efforts to chemistry. Graduating in 1945 with a first-class honours degree, he went on to hold various prestigious positions at the University of Manchester, King's College London, and Chicago University and in 1954 was appointed Humphrey Plummer Professor of Theoretical Chemistry at Cambridge.
Using the tools of quantum and statistical mechanics he made major contributions to the study of the structure and properties of molecules and to molecular spectroscopy. Understanding the benefit of communication between disciplines, Christopher also combined the voices of molecular chemistry and physics to become the founder of the journal Molecular Physics. At home with some of the greatest minds of the day, Christopher could include the Nobel Prize winning Gerhard Herzberg FRS in his list of many correspondents and was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1958.
In the late 1960s Christopher's career made another move towards interdisciplinary research when he made the dramatic decision to leave chemistry and enter the field of artificial intelligence. Always taking an active interest in the contribution of scientific analysis to philosophical questions, his research now focused on the study of the mind. Bringing together groups in computer engineering, computer science, linguistics and experimental psychology, Christopher coined the term 'cognitive science' to cover areas as diverse as informatics, neural networks, perception and language generation and co-founded the first school of Epistemics at the University of Edinburgh.
Having always had an aptitude for music - Christopher was both a talented performer and composer- in his later years he also gave fresh insight into the theory of music. Among his work, some of which remained unpublished at his death, include computer programs for parsing Bach and research into the algorithmic analysis of harmony, rhythm and metre. With his eye for big questions, the collection also shows Christopher's interest in the effects of modern transport on climate change as well as correspondence with Francis Crick FRS concerning consciousness, indicating that he was indeed a true all-round scientist and polymath.
John Comyn Higgins was born on 21 May 1882. He was educated at Bradfield, and Brasenose College, Oxford. He entered the Indian Civil Service in 1905. From 1907-1908 he was Assistant Magistrate and Collector, Bakarganj, Bengal. He became Sub-Divisional Officer, firstly in Jahat, Assam, 1908-1909 and then at Madaripur, Bengal, 1909-1910. From 1910-1917 Higgins was Vice-President and then President of the Manipur State Darbar. He became a Political Agent for the Manipur State (1917-1933) and worked as a political officer on the Kuki Punitive Operation, 1917-1919. From 1920-1923 he was Deputy Commissioner for Nowgong, Assam, and in 1934 became Commissioner for the Assam valley. In 1939 he was a Member of the Assam Revenue Tribunal. He retired in 1942 from the Civil Service and took a Commission with the Indian Engineers. He resigned from the Commission in September 1942. From 1942-1944 he was a Civil Liaison Officer with the Army and subsequently joined the Assam Public Service Commission, 1944-1945. He died on 8 December 1952.
William Matthew Hill and William Higgs both established building firms in the 1850s : Hill and Sons in Islington, and Higgs in Westminster (later moving to Vauxhall). Friendship between the two families led to amalgamation in 1874 as Hill, Higgs and Hill. William Higgs' yard in Vauxhall became the company headquarters and was renamed "Crown Works". On the retirement of Rowland Hill in 1877 the firm's name was simplified to Higgs and Hill. The firm enjoyed several prestigious early contracts, including the Tate Gallery on Millbank, Harvey Nicholls department store in Knightsbridge, and work on the new St Thomas' Hospital at Westminster Bridge.
In 1898 the business was incorporated as a limited liability company; getting a flying start with the winning of a new contract - the largest yet - for the Royal Naval Training College at Dartmouth.
The company moved its headquarters from Crown Works in 1967, to New Malden, Surrey. The workshops were moved to Wellingborough in Northamptonshire, along with the joinery works which operated under the name of Foster and Dicksee Limited. As the business continued to expand, other building firms were taken over, including Holliday and Greenwood.
Created by the High Court of Admiralty
The High Court of Admiralty had jurisdiction over crimes at sea, discipline in the fleet, piracy, and questions of prize and spoil.
In November 1953, the Protectorate Government of Uganda withdrew recognition of Mutesa II as native ruler of the Province of Buganda. This status had been held by the Kabaka under the Buganda Agreement of 1900, following the establishment of a British Protectorate in 1894. The Agreement also provided for the withdrawal of recognition, as occurred in 1953, should the Kabaka no longer remain faithful to the protecting authority. Following the withdrawal of recognition of the Kabaka, he was deported to Britain. The court case, heard in 1954, tested various constitutional questions arising from this and subsequent actions, and found in favour of the Protectorate Government.
Because of the constitutional difficulties arising at this time, the Protectorate Government set up a Conference to consider the situation further. This took place in 1954 also, and was headed by Sir Keith Hancock (then Director of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies in London). The Conference made various recommendations regarding the future Constitution of Buganda. The implementation of the agreed recommendations of the Conference, and the outcome of the court case, ultimately led to the return of Mutesa II two years later as a constitutional monarch.
The existence of Highbury Fields School is due to the amalgamation, in 1981, of two schools: Highbury Hill High School for Girls and Shelburne High School for Girls. A brief account of the background of each school is given below:
Highbury Hill High School: 1836: Foundation of Home and Coloniel Society - to train teachers for work at home and abroad. 1844: Highbury Hill High School founded as a Model Infant School, one of Home and Coloniel Society's Model Schools in Gray's Inn Road. 1863: Model School became Middle Class School. Boys were asked to leave due to lack of accommodation. Surviving girls' school renamed 'The Mayo School', after its founder, Elizabeth Mayo. 1894: The Mayo School then moved to Highbury Hill House, Islington: renamed Highbury Hill High School for Girls; Headmistress: Miss Matilda Maria Penstone. 1912: Highbury Hill High School transferred to London County Council. 1928: New school buildings built on same site. 1939-43: War-time evacuation to Huntingdon Grammar School premises. 1967-68: Threat to turn school into comprehensive: proposal defeated. 1976: School became London's first mini-comprehensive with Highbury Grove School (boys).
Shelburne High School 1825: Mission set up in Holloway Road. 1846: Mission founded The Holloway Free and Ragged School, situated in Hornsey Road and Ingram Place. 1872: Mission asked London School Board to take over running of school. Existing buildings demolished and new school built on same site: named The William Forster School. 1872: Church of England elementary school established in Harvist Road, St. Barnabas Parish (now the Harvist Estate), off Hornsey Road. 1902: London County Council took over school in Harvist Road. 1910: London County Council moved Harvist Road School to new premises at junction between Annette Road and Shelburne Road. c 1910-13: Harvist Road School amalgamated with William Forster School to form Shelburne Road School. The Shelburne Road School was divided into a lower school at Brecknock - 'The Brecknock School' - and an upper school at Shelburne - 'The Shelburne School'. 1958: Renamed Shelburne High School for Girls. 1961: Established as 5th form entry girls school.
Amalgamation: 1979-81: ILEA Education Committee announced proposal to amalgamate Highbury Hill High School and Shelburne High School over period of 6 years. Highbury Grove School for Boys was to be merged with The Sir Philip Magnus School. Proposals were condemned by schools involved and much public support was gained, including that of Sir Rhodes Boyson MP, former Headmaster at Highbury Grove. Campaign was launched, resulting in march of pupils, parents and teachers to Department of Education and Science on 22 November 1979, before delivering petition of more than 40,000 signatures against proposals to 10 Downing Street. 1981: Highbury campaign was defeated: Shelburne and Highbury Hill amalgamated September 1981. New school was named Highbury Fields (girls). Highbury Grove (boys) defeated proposal to amalgamate their school with The Sir Philip Magnus School.
Highgate Petty Sessional Division: In October 1890 a new petty sessional division was formed out of that part of the old Finsbury Petty Sessional Division falling within the new administrative county of Middlesex. This new division included the parishes of Hornsey, Finchley, and Friern Barnet. It was given the name Highgate Petty Sessional Division. The name was taken from the village of Highgate, part of which was in Hornsey parish. The justices of the old Finsbury Division had had a meeting place in Highgate from at least 1879 and the new division continued to be based there.
History: An Act of 1792 established seven 'Public Offices' (later Police offices and Police courts) in the central Metropolitan area. The aim was to establish fixed locations where 'fit and able magistrates' would attend at fixed times to deal with an increasing number of criminal offences.
Offices were opened in St Margaret Westminster, St James Westminster, Clerkenwell, Shoreditch, Whitechapel, Shadwell and Southwark. An office in Bow Street, Covent Garden, originally the home of the local magistrate, had been operating for almost 50 years and was largely the model for the new offices.
In 1800 the Marine Police Office or Thames Police Office, opened by 'private enterprise' in 1798, was incorporated into the statutory system. In 1821 an office was opened in Marylebone, apparently replacing the one in Shadwell.
Each office was assigned three Justices of the Peace. They were to receive a salary of £400 per annum. These were the first stipendiary magistrates. Later they were expected to be highly qualified in the law, indeed, to be experienced barristers. This distinguished them from the local lay justices who after the setting up of Police Offices were largely confined, in the Metropolitan area, to the licensing of innkeepers. In addition each office could appoint up to six constables to be attached to it.
The commonly used term of 'Police Court' was found to be misleading. The word 'police' gave the impression that the Metropolitan Police controlled and administered the courts. This was never the case, the word 'police' was being used in its original meaning of 'pertaining to civil administration', 'regulating', etc.
In April 1965 (following the Administration of Justice Act 1964) the London Police Courts with their stipendiary magistrates were integrated with the lay magistrates to form the modern Inner London Magistrates' Courts.
The police courts dealt with a wide range of business coming under the general heading of 'summary jurisdiction', i.e. trial without a jury. The cases heard were largely criminal and of the less serious kind. Over the years statutes created many offences that the courts could deal with in addition to Common Law offences. Examples include: drunk and disorderly conduct, assault, theft, begging, possessing stolen goods, cruelty to animals, desertion from the armed forces, betting, soliciting, loitering with intent, obstructing highways, and motoring offences. Non-criminal matters included small debts concerning income tax and local rates, landlord and tenant matters, matrimonial problems and bastardy.
Offences beyond the powers of the Court would normally be passed to the Sessions of the Peace or Gaol Delivery Sessions in the Old Bailey (from 1835 called the Central Criminal Court). From the late 19th century such cases would be the subject of preliminary hearings or committal proceedings in the magistrates' courts.
Outside the London Police Court Area but within the administrative county of Middlesex lay justices continued to deal with both criminal offences and administrative matters such as the licensing of innkeepers.
The exact area covered by a Court at any particular time can be found in the Kelly's Post Office London Directories, available on microfilm at LMA. The entries are based on the original Orders-in-Council establishing police court districts. A map showing police court districts is kept in the Information Area of LMA with other reference maps. Please ask a member of staff for assistance.
Born in Paris, 1805; appointed assistant naturalist to his father, 1824; taught zoology at the Athne, and teratology at the Ecole pratique, 1829-1831; elected a member of the French Academy of Sciences, 1833; Faculty of Sciences in Paris, 1837; Faculty of Sciences in Bordeaux, 1838; Inspector of the Academy of Paris, 1840; Professor of the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 1841; Inspector-general of the University, 1844; member of the Royal Council for Public Instruction, 1845; Professor of Zoology at the Faculty of Sciences, 1850; founded the Acclimatization Society of Paris, of which he was President, 1854; died, 1861.
The Hilfsverein der Juden in Deutschland (Jewish Aid in Germany) was an organisation established by German Jews in 1901 to engage in social welfare and educational activities among needy Jews. It remained in operation until 1941, and during the Nazi period it assisted German Jews trying to emigrate.
After World War One, the Hilfsverein concentrated its efforts on Jewish refugees from eastern Europe who were stranded in Germany while trying to emigrate overseas.
The help that the Hilfsverein was able to give encompassed all aspects of emigration; up-to-date information, based on reports received from hundreds of contacts abroad; vocational counselling, technical arrangements, bureaucratic formalities and financial advice. When the Hilfsverein began to assist Jewish emigration from Germany, a clear division of responsibility was made between it and the Jewish Agency. The latter, through the Palastina-Amt, dealt exclusively with emigration to Palestine, while the Hilfsverein dealt with emigration elsewhere.
The Hilfsverein continued to function as an independent agency until 1939, when it became a section of the Reichsvereinigung der Juden in Deutschland. In 1941, when emigration was prohibited altogether, that section also went out of existence.
The Hilfsverein für jüdische Studierende, Berlin (aid organisation for Jewish students) was founded in 1841 with the object of assisting poor Jewish students at state secondary schools in Berlin, by providing interest free loans and grants to cover examination costs. It is not known when it ceased functioning.
Alfred Bostock Hill (1854-1932) was Professor of Hygiene and Public Health at Birmingham University.
A.V. Hill was Professor of Physiology at the University of Manchester (1920-23) and University College London (1923-25) and Secretary of the Royal Society from 1935. He incorporated the liberation of energy in muscles and in 1922 shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine with Otto Meyerhof.
Hill was born c1850, and educated at Winchester and Magdalene College, Oxford. He was the incumbent of the parish of East Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, for many years. After his retirement in the 1920s, he lived at Northchurch, Berkamsted, Herfordshire, where he financed and organized the re-hanging of the church bells, and trained a team of handbell ringers.
Born in York, England, 1840; trained at the theological college, Richmond; ordained as a Wesleyan Methodist minister; posted to the Central China mission field, based in Wuchang, Hupeh (Hubei) province; sailed to China, 1864; visited Japan for health reasons, but returned to missionary work in China; his single status made him more mobile than most Protestant missionaries; with a few other missionaries, including the Baptist Timothy Richard, engaged in famine relief work in Shansi (Shanxi) province, 1878-c1880; the experience expanded Hill's ministry in terms of social vision and ecumenism; instrumental in the conversion of Hsi Sheng-mo (Xi Shengmo, d 1896), who was to become an important independent pastor, 1879; visited England, 1881-1882; influential in recruiting other missionaries to China; established a hospital and homes for the aged, the blind, and orphans; helped to found the Central China Religious Tract Society; his evangelistic work extended outside the boundaries of existing Methodist circuits in China, resulting in the formation of the Central China Lay Mission, of which he became superintendent; chairman of the Central China Lay Mission, 1885; elected a member of the Legal Conference, 1888; played a central role in the Shanghai missionary conference as English president, 1891; appointed deputy to the British consul in the investigation into a riot at Wusueh, 1891; attended the Ecumenical Conference in Washington, 1891; visited England, 1891-1893; died of typhus fever at Hankow, 1896. Publication: Mission Work in Central China: a letter to Methodist young men (1882).
J.P.Hill was born in Fifeshire in Scotland and was educated at the University of Edinburgh and the Royal College of Science, London. In 1892 he became a Demonstrator of Biology at the University of Sydney, and Lecturer on Embryology in 1904. From 1906 to 1921 he was Jodrell Professor of Zoology at University College London, and from 1921 to 1938 he became Professor of Embryology there. From 1938 he was Professor Emeritus. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1913. He published various papers on zoological subjects and on embryology. Hill died in May 1954.
The Cornish tin industry became so important during the Middle Ages that the Cornish tin miners were granted special privileges and were placed by the crown under the separate legal jurisdiction of the stannary (tin mine) courts. Cormwall had four stannaries: Foymore, Blackmore, Tywarnhaile and Penwith and Kerrier.Thomas Pearce, in his work on The Laws and customes of the stannaries (1725) records a convocation of the stannators of Cornwall held at Truro in 1703. A Thomas Hawkins and a John Hill are both to be found in A list of all the Adventurers in the Mine Adventure, 1700.
Kathleen Hill (1900-) was born in 1900. During her life she was involved in the operation of the Poor Law after the 1930 Poor Law Act, which introduced limited financial public assistance and which was means tested from the following year. From that point onwards, only the aged found their way into the Workhouses and outdoor relief introduced. She went on to be a member of the National Assistance Board that replaced it after the 1948 National Assistance Act.
Octavia Hill was born in Cambridgeshire in 1838, and was educated at home. She moved to London and became concerned with the condition of the urban poor and campaigned for housing reform and a more pleasant living environment, including the provision of open spaces. She was heavily involved in the Kyrle Society, founded by her elder sister Miranda, to 'Bring Beauty Home to the Poor'. Octavia Hill joined the Royal Commission for the Poor Law in 1905. She died of cancer in 1912.
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Sir Arthur William Hill was born on the 11 Oct 1875, the only son of Daniel Hill. Daniel Hill was a keen amateur horticulturalist and inspired his son from an early age to learn sound practical knowledge about gardening.
Hill attended Marlborough School from 1890 until 1894. It was at school that Hill began to take an active interest in field botany, inspired by his teacher [who was an amateur naturalist] Edward Meyrick. Hill later talked of the Marlborough Downs as the place where he first found orchids to examine. Hill showed his appreciation to the College by bequeathing them money.
From Marlborough School Hill continued his education at Kings College Cambridge in October 1894 on an award. His success in gaining the award was due to an appeal from Marlborough School based on his botanical knowledge, enthusiasm and promise. At Cambridge Hill studied Natural Sciences, for which he obtained a 1st in 1897. Hill continued to study at Cambridge but specialised in Botany and received a 1st in 1898. At this time the Chair of Botany was Henry Marshall Ward who had a great influence on Hill; Ward introduced him to Walter Gardiner [Cambridge lecturer until 1898]. Gardiner invited Hill to collaborate with him on research on plant histology for the Royal Society. This led to Hill being offered a post at Cambridge University as a Demonstrator in Botany in 1899. Hill was successful in his post and was awarded a fellowship in 1901, a lectureship in 1904 and the position of Dean of Kings College in 1907. As a lecturer he contributed much through his travels as he would return to Cambridge and describe the flora and fauna he had observed in its natural ecosystem. He helped to modernise the Botany School through his use of field trips, which took students out of the classroom to the plants in their natural environment. This achievement was acknowledged by Kings College in 1932 when he was granted an honorary fellowship.
In 1907 Hill left Cambridge to become the Assistant Director of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew to the then Director Sir David Prain. Prain wrote that he chose Hill because of his travelling experiences [especially Hill's trip to the Andes which Hill financed himself], his businesslike mind and ability to work at any level. One of Hill's prime duties as Assistant Director was to attend meetings and trips to Imperial countries at the government's behest. Hill was very interested in the spread of knowledge and relished these trips, where he could gather specimens and in return offer advice to the host nations. Thus, under him the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew developed its worldwide network of associates. He was also concerned that the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew should develop its research side and improve in everyway possible.
In 1922 Prain retired leaving Hill to take over the Directorship of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Hill took full advantage of the opportunities offered to the Gardens by the British Empire and he successfully campaigned for the government to view Kew as a national asset that could be used to improve colonial relationships. Hill was concerned that the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew should continue and extend its economic links within the Empire. For example, he created a greenhouse in which bananas on route to Jamaica could be quarantined in. Hill's commitment to commercial activities of this nature led the government to ask the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1931 to officially disseminate information on economic plants and their sources around the Empire. This led to the first inventory of plants in the British Empire. Hill was also much concerned with the Gardens on a domestic scale and under his guidance the number of plants that were exhibited was increased. He was a keen amateur landscape gardener and had a tremendous knowledge of plants which he used to enrich the Gardens as a visitor attraction. He was especially keen to see plants growing in as natural and beautiful a setting as possible and so changes were made to planting methods. Hill toured the gardens every morning and would order any changes he felt necessary to enhance artistic effect. Major alterations included: a new vista to the lake, the extension of the rock garden and the improvement of the avenue from the lake to the pagoda. In addition to this, Hill constructed the Sherman Hoyt Cactus House in 1935. Perhaps most significantly though, was Hill's extension in 1930 of the Herbarium so that scientific study could be extended into new areas.
Much of Hill's horticultural and botanical knowledge was informed by his travels abroad. On his travels Hill would collect material for study. Thus, he obtained grants from the Empire Marketing Board from 1927 onwards that allowed him to travel more than any other Director before him.
Sir Arthur William Hill died in the Deer Park in Richmond the 3 Nov 1941. His death is recorded by a number of obituaries all of which lament the passing of Britain's most accomplished botanist.
