Unknown
Born, 1915; educated, University College and the School of Pharmacy, London; demonstratorship at the School of Pharmacy; Wellcome Research Laboratories,1939; research as a protozoologist, a career that led to involvement in numerous studies of tropical diseases, including malaria, trypanosomiasis and helminth infections, particularly investigations of possible chemotherapeutic strategies; directorship of the Wellcome Laboratories of Tropical Medicine, 1958-1963. Director of the Nuffield Laboratories for Comparative Medicine at the Zoological Society of London, 1964.
William Martindale (1840-1902) began trading in 1873. This business, situated in New Cavendish Street, central London, traded thereafter as W Martindale. In the 1890s William's son, William Harrison Martindale (1874-1932) assumed control of his father's firm and expanded the manufacturing side of the business. 1928 he rebuilt the New Cavendish Street premises and erected a factory in Chenies Mews behind University College Hospital. The business, W Martindale, was acquired by Savory and Moore Ltd in 1933, following which the retail operation at New Cavendish Street continued to trade as W Martindale until the mid-1970s.
1911-1914 Demonstrator in Zoology, Birkbeck College London
1914 B.Sc London
1914-1918 Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
1918 Awarded Gedge Prize for essay 'On the Reaction of the Blood in the Body'
1919 Michael Foster Studentship
1919-1925 Demonstrator in Physiology, University of Cambridge
1921-1922 Acting Professor of Physiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical School
1923 Fundamentals of Biochemistry in Relation to Human Physiology
1925-1927 Assistant Professor for Medical Research (Biophysics), McGill University, Montreal
1927-1929 Working under Professor Krogh in Copenhagen
1929 Returns to teaching and supervising physiology in Cambridge
1930 The Materials of Life
1934 Lectures, Reading and Examinations
1939-1945 Civilian Lecturer to HM Forces
1948-1954 Professor of Physiology, University College of Ibadan, Nigeria
1954 Part-time Lecturer in Physiology, Regent Street Polytechnic and Chelsea College.
Janos (John) Plesch was born in Hungary and originally qualified in medicine in Budapest. After studying in Strasbourg he lived and worked in Berlin for over 30 years until he emigrated to England with his family in 1933. Further details of his career can be found in his autobiography Janos: the Story of a Doctor (Victor Gollancz, Ltd, London, 1947).
In 1927 C E Berry was appointed to the staff of the Wellcome Bureau of Scientific Research, which formed part of the Wellcome Laboratory of Tropical Medicine in 1946. He was Chief Technician until his retirement in 1958. The notebooks are undated, but probably date from Berry's early years at the WBSR, 1920s-1930s, and include loose notes inserted between the pages.
The British Pharmaceutical Codex (BPC) was first published by the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain in November 1907. These items appear to relate to discussions within the Society and comments by members of it, criticising the contents of the Codex.
US brain surgeon, born 1837 in Philadelphia; educated at Brown University, graduated 1859, and Jefferson Medical College, 1862; served in American Civil War as a surgeon; additional education in Paris and Berlin; founded Philadelphia School of Medicine; developed new techniques of brain surgery; died 1932. Publications include: Keen's System of Surgery (1905-1913), Animal Experimentation and Medical Progress (1914).
Born 1878; educated at Kingswood School, Bath, then gained MB, BS and BSc at University College London; served in HM Forces in Egypt during the First World War; was awarded the CMG in 1918 and the CBE in 1919; Director of Research in the Tropics to the Wellcome Bureau of Scientific Research; was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, 1927; died 1948.
A collection of private prescriptions created artificially from a number of different accessions. Prescriptions are stamped by dispensing chemists and include the number allocated to them in the chemist's register.
Professor Warren was Director of the Health Services Research Unit and Professor of Social Medicine at the University of Kent, 1971-1983.
A.V. Hill was Professor of Physiology at the University of Manchester (1920-23) and University College London (1923-25) and Secretary of the Royal Society from 1935. He incorporated the liberation of energy in muscles and in 1922 shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine with Otto Meyerhof.
J.M. Woodburn Morison was an eminent figure in the history of radiology. He was born and educated in Scotland and took his medical qualifications at the University of Glasgow. Morison first became interested in the possibilities of X rays whilst a student. He settled in the Manchester area doing general practice (until 1919) where he came into contact with Dr Holland of Liverpool. By 1914 he had been appointed Honorary Medical Officer to the Electrical Department of Ashton under Lyme Infirmary. In March 1915 the War Office asked him to organise and take charge of the Liverpool Merchants Mobile Hospital X-Ray Department in France. In April 1916 he was instructed to fulfil a similar function with the 34th (The Welsh) General Hospital in India.
His first major appointment was that of Lecturer in Radiology, Edinburgh University, and Radiologist, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, in 1925, after which, in 1930, he was appointed Director of the Radiological Department of the Cancer Hospital, coinciding with his taking up the first chair of medical radiology to be founded at the University of London. He retired from the Hospital and the Chair in 1938. During the War he was for a time in charge of the radiological department of the Coventry and Warwickshire General Hospital. Both before and after the war he had various appointments as visiting professor in Egypt.
N.B. Dr Morison used the name Woodburn Morison, although Woodburn was not his surname, to distinguish him from several other Dr. Morisons of his time.
For obituaries see British Medical Journal and Lancet 15 Sep 1951 and British Journal of Radiology, Oct 1951.
Born, 1884; apprenticed in a drapery business. Her father thought of setting her up in business on her own account, but although she completed her apprenticeship, she decided this was not what she wanted, 1902-1905; at a convent in Brittany, learning French and needlework, 1905-1906; started nursing in a small hospital in Kentish Town, 1906; trained as a nurse at Royal Free Hospital, 1907-1911; midwifery course for 3 months at University College Hospital. Awarded CMB March. Worked nights on the district in a very poor area, and in the wards by day, 1912; went as night sister to Chest Hospital, Victoria 1912 Road East, and was put on day duty 6 months later in a men's ward with 43 patients. 20 were TB patients and spent half the day in the grounds, supervised by a retired army sergeant, 1912; asked by Matron at Royal Free Hospital to assist with preparation of newly-built out-patient department for the reception of wounded officers. A number of simple rooms intended for medical students and nursing staff were reserved for senior officers. Altogether there was accommodation for 150 offices, 1914; offered post of Sister-in-charge of Marlborough Maternity Section, RFH, 1919; Ward opened Jan 1920; in charge at Endsleigh Street extension (maternity), Apr 1921-Dec 1924; opened a small nursing home with a friend, Miss Little. 82 Adelaide Road, Swiss Cottage, 1925-1932; private nursing, 1932-1936; kept house for her brother Jack and two small children in India, Jan-Oct 1937; private nursing in Brighton, 1937-1938; nursing sister at King's College of Household and Social Science, Notting Hill Gate (now Queen Elizabeth College), Apr 1938- Feb 1939; sick leave. Patient at Royal Free Hospital, Feb 1939; working at a nursing home at Hawkhurst, Dec 1939; King's College having been evacuated to Wales, she was asked to return, and was first at College Hall, Llannishen, Cardiff. Later the College moved to Leicester, and she ran two hostels, Knighton Hayes, and Crowbank 31 Chapel Lane, 1940-1941; her brother and his family returned from India in 1948 and she thereafter kept house for them till she was in her 80's; died, 1984.
Archibald Gilpin qualified in medicine at King's College Medical School. In 1931 he was awarded the Ferrier Prize. In 1933 he had a travelling scholarship to study renal pathology under L Aschoff in Freiburg. In 1935 he was appointed junior physician, morbid anatomist, and curator of the museum at King's College Hospital. He held the post of Harveian Librarian at the Royal College of Physicians, and was archivist to the Society of Apothecaries. For further biographical details see Munk's Roll Vol V, pp.151-152.
For biographical information on Professor Chibnall, see Who's Who. These interviews contain further information on his life and career.
Dr Lawrence Dulake FRCS, LRCP, FRCGP (1901-1987) was a general practitioner in Reigate, Surrey.
Julian Tudor Hart DCH, FRCGP, FRCP (b 1927) was a general practitioner in Swansea.
Horfield Health Centre is in Bristol.
Dr Geoffrey Hale (b 1905) was a general practitioner in Pimlico, London, during the years 1933-1970.
Dr Francis Blacklay MA, MB, BChir, FRCGP (b 1919) was a general practitioner in Nantwich, Cheshire.
The interviews were conducted by Dr Michael Bevan of the Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, Oxford, Jul 1996.
Horder qualified MB 1898, MD 1899. After holding house appointments at St Bartholomew's Hospital and the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, he was appointed to the honorary staff of the Great Northern Hospital in 1900 and the Cancer Hospital, Fulham, in 1906. In 1912 he became a consultant at St Bartholomew's and remained there until his retirement in 1936 (Senior Physician 1933-1936). He was attached in a consulting capacity to the Royal Northern Hospital, the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, the Royal Cancer Hospital and several hospitals outside London. During the First World War he was Captain, RAMC, attached to 1st London General Hospital. He was knighted in 1918 and made a baronet in 1926 and a baron in 1933.
He was appointed honorary consultant to the Ministry of Pensions in 1939 and medical advisor to London Transport in 1940 and to Lord Woolton at the Ministry of Food in 1941. He was president of the Eugenics Society from 1935 until his death, chairman of the Empire Rheumatism Council 1936-1953, and chairman of the scientific advisory committee of the British Empire Cancer Campaign (BECC) and later of its grand council, as well as being involved in many other bodies as diverse as the Family Planning Association (FPA) and the Noise Abatement Society. Further details can be found in obituaries and appreciations in file GP/31/A.3, and in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
Dr Milne-Redhead entered medical education after a period in banking and working at rubber-planting in Malaya. After graduating from Edinburgh in 1937 he held various house appointments and then saw war service in the North of England. An account of his work with ambulance trains during the Second World War has been placed in the Imperial War Museum. When the war was over he returned to Scotland and entered general practice at Mainsriddle in 1947, where he served the scattered community for 27 years. He had a keen interest in local wildlife, contributed to the Botanical Society's botanical map of the British Isles, and was a member of the Wildlife Trust of Scotland.
Born, 1736; educated at Aberdeen and Edinburgh; moved to London, where he began to lecture on chemistry and medical subjects; physician at St Thomas's Hospital; died, 1802.
C P Galtier was Professeur de Toxicologie à la Faculté de Médecine à Paris in 1839-1840.
Dr Hull was appointed assistant physician to the Norwich Hospital in 1828, and physician in 1840: he resigned in 1854.
Materials created during an oral history project on the workhouse.
[Malcolm Flemyng, M.D.; his lectures were published in the form of a text-book An Introduction to Physiology, London 1759.] Flemyng, who was a pupil of Boerhaave and Monro Primus, taught physiology in London in 1751-1752. (He died in 1764.)
William Cullen was born,1710; educated Hamilton Grammar School and the University of Glasgow; medical apprenticeship, Glasgow; service as a ship's surgeon; assistant to an apothecary, London; medical practice near Shotts in Lanarkshire, 1732-1734; practised in Hamilton, 1736-1744; graduating MD, Glasgow, 1740; moved to Glasgow continuing in private practice and lecturing semi-officially on medicine for the University of Glasgow, 1744; Lectureship in Chemistry in Glasgow, 1747; Chair of Medicine, 1751; lectured on chemistry and medicine and continued with his practice, 1747-1755; in 1755 he was appointed conjoint Professor with Plummer in Edinburgh with the succession on Plummer's death which occurred in 1756 and Cullen held the Chair until 1766; Professor of the Institutes of Medicine (Physiology) and of the Practice of Medicine, Edinburgh; retired, 1789; died, 1790.
Edward Low, son of Edward Low, a farmer, entered Trinity College Dublin in 1754, and took his BA degree in 1759. He proceeded to the study of medicine at Edinburgh, but did not graduate there.
George Macartney (1737-1806), 1st Earl Macartney, was Governor and President of Fort St George, Madras, 1780-1786.
William Roxburgh was born 1751 and died 1815. His `Flora Indica' or description of Indian plants was his most important work.
Alfred Bowyer Barton was born at Bungay, Suffolk, in 1825, and entered University College, London, in 1844. After qualifying in 1847 he joined the West India Mail Steamship Service and worked through the yellow fever epidemic in the West Indies in 1848. In 1853 he was in the Peninsular and Oriental Company's service as a medical officer and worked in the East until 1855. He then went to the Crimea where he was in charge of the transport of the sick and wounded from Balaclava to Scutari. At the end of the war he sailed for India, and on the way was shipwrecked along with Sir Henry Havelock, then on his way to command the forces suppressing the Mutiny. Barton next saw service in the China war of 1860, and afterwards practised for a time in Shanghai. In 1861 he joined Captain Blakiston and Colonel Sarel in an exploration of the Yangtsze-Kiang River, then an almost unknown river above Hankow. The party reached Pingshan on the Tibet border but were forced to return by the rebels. For their work each of them received the gold medal of the Royal Geographical Society. After his return to England Barton took the MD degree of the University of St Andrews (1866), and the Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, by examination (1865). He lived in retirement in Brechin Place, South Kensington, until his death on July 4th, 1905. Further biographical information can be found in A Doctor Remembers by Dr Edwin Alfred Barton, son of A B Barton (London: Seeley, Service & Co Ltd, c.1950). See also 'Notes on the Yangtsze-kiang' by A B Barton, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society 1862.
Bisset, Charles (1717-1791), physician and military engineer. Lived in the area of Skelton, Cleveland, North Riding of Yorkshire, 1753-1781.
Unknown
Bateman's work was written to illustrate the Description and treatment of cutaneous diseases, 1798-1808, by Robert William (1757-1812).
Edward Jenner was born, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, 1749; educated at private schools at Wootton-under-Edge and Cirencester; apprenticed to Daniel Ludlow of Sodbury, a surgeon; pupil-resident in the house of John Hunter, 1770-1772; employed by Sir Joseph Banks to prepare specimens from Captain Cook's voyage; studied at St George's Hospital; practiced at Berkeley, 1773; continued to correspond with John Hunter on many subjects; member of medical societies at Rodborough and Alveston, reading papers on medical subjects and natural history; Fellow, Royal Society, 1788; MD, University of St Andrew's, 1792; continued his investigations into cow pox and small pox; vaccinated a boy James Phipps with cow pox and then small pox, who contracted cow pox but not small pox, 1796; published An inquiry into the causes and effects of the variolæ vaccinæ, a disease discovered in some of the Western Counties of England ... known by the name of the cow pox, 1798; sent cow pox material throughout England and abroad for vaccinations; vaccinated nearly 200 people at Petworth, Sussex, 1800; granted £10,000 by Parliament in recognition of his work, 1802; Royal Jennerian Society established to promote spread of vaccination in London, 1802; replaced by the National Vaccine Establishment, 1808; continued to work and publish on vaccination; died, 1823, Berkeley, Gloucestershire.
Publications include: Cursory observations on Emetic Tartar [1780?]; An inquiry into the causes and effects of the variolæ vaccinæ, a disease discovered in some of the Western Counties of England ... known by the name of the cow pox (Printed for the author: London, 1798); Further observations on the Variolæ Vaccinæ or Cow Pox (London, 1799); A comparative Statement of facts and observations relative to the cow-pox with Dr Woodville (London, 1800); The origin of the Vaccine Inoculation (London, 1801); On the varieties and modifications of the vaccine pustule, occasioned by an herpetic state of the skin (Cheltenham, 1806; Gloucester reprinted, 1819); Facts for the most part unobserved, or not duly noticed, respecting variolous contagion (London, 1808); Letter from E. J. to W. Dillwyn on the effects of vaccination, in preserving from the small-pox. To which are added sundry documents relating to vaccination, etc (Philadelphia, 1818); A letter to C. H. Parry, M.D., ... on the influence of Artificial Eruptions in certain diseases. ... With an inquiry respecting the probable advantages to be derived from further experiments (London, 1822); The Note-Book of Edward Jenner in the possession of the Royal College of Physicians of London (Oxford University Press, London, 1931).
Professor Raphaël Blanchard obtained his MD in Paris in 1880, and was elected Member of the Académie de Médecine in 1894. He was the pioneer in the study of Parasitology in France, and 1885-1889 published his Traité de Zoologie médicale which became a standard work. He was the founder of the Société zoologique de France (1876) and of the Société d'Histoire de la Médecine in 1902.
Marie Anne Victoire Gillain Boivin (1776-1841) worked at the Hospice de la Maternité in Paris and published the Atlas des maladies de l'utérus, Paris, 1833.
Eldest son of Martin Folkes, a solicitor, and Dorothy his wife; attended University of Saumur, France; entered Clare Hall Cambridge to study mathematics, 1706; matriculated, 1709; MA, 1717; interested in coins; Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, 1719; lost Presidency of Royal Society to Sir Hans Sloane, 1727; succeeded to the Presidency following Sloane's retirement, 1741; under his Presidency the Society's meetings became very 'literary', and the Society lost much of its professional character; Folkes's papers to the Philosophical Transactions concentrated on astronomy; despite the criticisms, Folkes was elected to the 'Academie des Sciences' in succession to Edmund Halley, 1742; following his publication Table of English Gold Coins published at his own expense, his Table of Silver Coins from the Conquest was published by the Society of Antiquaries, 1744; the Tables were much consulted by antiquaries; President of the Society of Antiquaries from 1750 until his death; his communications were on Roman antiquities and coins; when his health failed, he resigned from his office at the Royal Society; died, 1754.
Fleetwood Buckle was born in 1841. He trained in medicine at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London; he passed as L.S.A., L.R.C.P. and M.D. (St. Andrews) in 1862 and M.R.C.S. in 1863. He entered the Royal Navy in 1863 and served in various stations: in West Africa; in the Dardanelles during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878; in South America, where in 1880 he received the thanks of the Chilean government for tending wounded from the battles around Lima in the war between Chile and Peru, and in 1881 was formally thanked by the Panama Canal Company for his work during a yellow fever epidemic; in China; and in the Eastern Sudan. He attained the rank of Fleet Surgeon in 1886. He died in 1917.
Pierre Chirac was the most celebrated physician of his day; he obtained his MD at Montpellier in 1683, and by 1687 was Professor of Medicine. He was elected a Member of the Académie des Sciences in 1716, became head of the Jardin du Roi in 1718, and physician to Louis XV in 1731.
Nicolaus Cirillus was a Neapolitan physician was a pupil of Tozzi whom he succeeded as Professor of Medicine and Philosophy at Naples University in 1705. In 1717 be became first Professor of Medicine, a post he retained until his death. In 1718 he was elected FRS He created a botanical garden at Naples, and was an advocate of simple remedies and the use of cold water.
The Duc de Clermont-Tonnerre, as he became in 1815, served under Napoleon after attending courses at the Polytechnique. He was head of the Ministère de la Marine from 1821 to 1824, and then of the Ministère de la Guerre until 1828. He retired from public life in 1830, after Louis Philippe had become King of France.