Rowland Hill was consulting neurologist and physician to the West End Hospital for Nervous Diseases, London. During the 1939-1945 war he was a medical specialist in the Royal Army Medical Corps serving in Africa. He attained the rank of Major, relinquishing his commission in 1942 and subsequently was deputy regional adviser in medicine in the Emergency Medical Service (EMS). He played an active role in the medico-political discussions concerning the National Health Service and was elected Vice-President of the BMA in 1966 in recognition of his services.
The date of the origin of the firm is uncertain, but the firm can be traced back to Edward Thomas Jones (1767-1833), author of English System of Book-Keeping (1796). Edward Thomas began his career in accountancy in Bristol, but moved to London in 1821, living first in Poultry and later in Coleman Street. His business was continued by his nephew, Theodore Brooke Jones, in 1846, and Arthur James Hill in 1867.
Soon afterwards Theodore Brooke Jones moved to Harrogate and opened offices in Leeds and Manchester. In 1878 the business was divided into three distinct firms: the Manchester firm became known as Jones Crewdson & Company, the Leeds firm was called Theodore B Jones and Company, and the London firm became Theodore Jones, Hill and Company. In the same year, William Edward Vellacott, who had been articled to the London firm in 1869, was admitted to the partnership. The name of the London firm was changed to Theodore Jones, Hill, Vellacott and Company in 1884, and in 1888, when Jones withdrew from the practice, to Arthur J Hill, Vellacott and Company.
The location of the firm's office in London changed frequently; the longest period of time was spent at Finsbury Circus House (1871-1914). In 1941 the firm's offices were damaged by floods following bomb damage and many of the company's early records were destroyed. Offices were also opened in Belfast, Cambridge, Northampton, Croydon and Leicester.
From 1927 the firm was known as Hill, Vellacott & Company (Hill, Vellacott from 1967, and Hill Vellacott from 1975). The company underwent various mergers from 1923, including one in 1984 with Chantry Wood King, and the company's name was changed to Chantrey Vellacott in 1988.
The business of the Jones family and of Arthur Hill was involved in the co-operative and building society movements, and their clients included the Longton and Fenton Permanent Benefit Building Society.
The Uxbridge workhouse was first constructed in 1744. It was taken over by the Middlesex County Council in 1930 and redeveloped as Hillingdon County Hospital and Infirmary.
On the creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948 the administration of the Hospital passed to the North West Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board and the Uxbridge Group Regional Hospital Board. The Hospital was significantly reconstructed in 1963.
Source of information: Peter Higginbotham at The Workhouse Website.
The 'Malvern Hydro Case' or 'Malvern Drainage Case' 1907-1098, was over the issue of responsibility for polluted water. The plaintiff, Dr John Campbell Fergusson, the proprietor of a Hydropathic Establishment in Malvern claimed damages for the polluted water in his establishment (which had led to several cases of typhoid fever). The first case, Fergusson v. Starkey, in the High Court of Justice, Chancery Division (see GC/63/1), determined whether lesser or lessee was liable. In the trial at the High Court of Justice, King's Bench Division, Fergusson was awarded £7500 against the Council, but this was over-ruled on Appeal in May 1908, by the Supreme Court of Judicature, Court of Appeal. Fergusson appealed to the House of Lords in May 1909, but they upheld the judgement of the Court of Appeal.
John Robert Hilton: born 1908; educated at Marlborough College, Corpus Christi College Oxford (MA), and Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London (Diploma, ARIBA); Director of Antiquities, Cyprus, 1934-1936; architect to E.S. and A. Robinson, and in private practice, 1936-1941; Capt, Royal Engineers, 1941-1943; joined Foreign Office 1943; served in Istanbul Turkey, 1944; 2nd Secretary, Athens, Greece, 1945; 1st Secretary, Istanbul, 1956; awarded CMG 1965; Member of Council, National Schizophrenia Fellowship, 1977-81, 1983-94 (President, 1985-91); died 1994
Publications: Mind and Analysis, memoir on Louis MacNeice (as appendix to his MacNeice's autobiography, The Strings are False), 1965; articles in Architectural Review and other journals
Reichsführer SS was a special SS rank that existed between the years of 1925 and 1945. Reichsführer SS was a title from 1925 to 1933 and, after 1934, became the highest rank of the German Schutzstaffel (SS). Reichsführer SS was both a title and a rank. The title of Reichsführer was first created in 1926 by Joseph Berchtold. Berchtold's predecessor, Julius Schreck, never referred to himself as Reichsführer but the title was retroactively applied to him in later years.
In 1929, Heinrich Himmler became Reichsführer-SS and referred to himself by his title instead of his regular SS rank. This set the precedent for the Commanding General of the SS to be called Reichsführer-SS. In 1934, Himmler's title became an actual rank after the Night of the Long Knives and from that point on, Reichsführer-SS became the highest rank of the SS and was considered the equivalent of a Generalfeldmarschall in the German Army.
Ian Hinchliffe (1942-2010) was born in 1942 in Huddersfield, and many of his early influences of music hall, vaudeville and jazz originate from this time.
Following a move to London, Hinchliffe enjoyed his most productive years in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1971, Hinchliffe founded the Matchbox Purveyors, a performance group based at Oval House, whose first show took the form of Hinchliffe and Mark Long (of the People’s Show) selling boxes of matches. Jude Morris joined the same year, and left in 1975, and this set the stage for a combination of solo performances and a sequence of guest performers collaborating with Hinchliffe under the Matchbox Purveyors name, including Dave Stephens, Laura Gilbert and Derek Wilson (Jail Warehouse Co), Lol Coxhill, Rob Con, Diz Willis, Rose Maguire, Jeff Nuttall, Chris and Tim Britton, Phil Minton, Emil Wok, and Alan Porter. His performance work took place in a variety of locations, including art galleries, clubs, pubs, festivals and the street. Hinchliffe also undertook film work, acting in ‘Walter’ (1982), ‘Stormy Monday’ (1988), and ‘Diary of a Sane Man’ (1989).
Hinchliffe's later career, from the 1990s onwards, represented a distinct phase in his creative output, with a focus on durational performance via projects such as Woodwork and Gargantua. The culmination of this approach came in the form of the 4 week exhibition at Beaconsfield, 'Estate - the Ian Hinchliffe Retrospective' (1998), with an installation that developed through daily performances during gallery hours. Regular collaborators during this time included Tony Green, Hugh Metcalfe and David Crawforth. The venues most commonly frequented in this period were The Water Rats, Nosepaint and Beaconsfield.
Alongside his performance work, Hinchliffe was also a visual artist, whose sculptures, paintings and collages form part of his artistic output. Further contributions came in the form of his writing, with Hinchliffe's columns 'HINCHLIFFE LASHES OUT' appearing in Performance Magazine.
Hinde went to sea in July 1829 in the ATHOLL, Capt Alexander Gordon, possibly a friend of the family, seeing service on the West Coast of Africa. In 1831, while Midshipman in the DRYAD, Capt John Hayes, he was officially reported for the conduct he displayed in her tender, the BLACK JOKE, at the capture by boarding of a slave vessel of superior force. In December 1831 he moved from the BLACK JOKE into the FAIR ROSAMOND until July 1832 when he returned home in the DRYAD. In the two tenders he saw a good deal of action which he describes in his letters. Between 1833 and 1836 Hinde served aboard the SERPENT in the West Indies. The ship was not a happy one but apparently one of the more efficient sloops on the station. She cruised unsuccessfully for slavers, carried troops to various places in cases of insurrections by freed slaves and went to Para to watch British interests. Hinde was promoted Lieutenant in 1844, Commander in 1857 but never served at that rank. He retired in 1867 and died in 1869.
Hingley was the Librarian for the Royal Astronomical Society and has published numerous articles on his field of study.
Born, 1873; educated at Whitgift Grammar School, Croydon, 1882-1892; Trinity College, Cambridge, 1892-1895; second assistant at the Cambridge observatory under Sir Robert Ball and demonstrator in practical astronomy, 1895; chief assistant, 1903-1913; studied the surveying methods taught at the School of Military Engineering at Chatham, 1903; appointment as Lecturer in Surveying and Cartography in the Cambridge School of Geography, 1908; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1911-1945; gold medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1912; FRS, 1913; Secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1909-1912 and a Vice-President from 1912-1913; Assistant Secretary of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1912-1915; RGS Secretary and editor of the Geographical Journal, 1915-1945; geographical and map preparation work for the General Staff, First World War; President of geography section of the British Association, 1925; RGS Victoria medal, 1938; died, 1945.
Hinshelwood was born in London and educated at Westminster City School. He won a Brackenbury Scholarship to Balliol College, Oxford, but was unable to take it up immediately because of the First World War and from 1916 to 1918 he worked at the Department of Explosives, Queensferry Road Ordnance Factory. In 1919 he went to Balliol to do the foreshortened postwar honours course in chemistry and he made his career in Oxford until his retirement in 1964. He was Fellow of Balliol, 1920-1921, Fellow and Tutor of Trinity College, 1921-1937, and Dr Lee's Professor of Chemistry and Fellow of Exeter College, 1937-1964, in succession to F. Soddy. He was Senior Research Fellow at Imperial College, London, from 1964 until his death. Hinshelwood's scientific research was in chemical kinetics, and bacterial growth. He was President of the Chemical Society, 1946-1948, at the time of its centenary celebrations and President of the Royal Society, 1955-1960, his tenure including the Tercentenary Year. In addition to his wide participation in scientific life, he was a linguist with extensive interests in the arts, and in 1959 had the unique distinction of being at the same time President of the Royal Society and the Classical Association. Hinshelwood was elected FRS in 1929 (Bakerian Lecture 1946, Davy Medal 1942, Royal Medal 1947, Leverhulme Medal 1960, Copley Medal 1962) and in 1956 he shared with N.N. Semenov the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their researches into the mechanisms of chemical reactions. He was knighted in 1948 and appointed to the Order of Merit in 1960.
Born 25th August 1865, at Carlton near Selby, Yorkshire. Son of a local carpenter and an Irish mother. His Parish Priest, who assisted at Carlton Towers, a nearby residence of the Norfolk Family, sponsored his education and at the age of 11 he set off for Ushaw. Whilst a student there he secured his BA degree from London University. He then came to the Venerable English College as a student to take further degrees and was ordained in 1893, aged 28. He then returned to Ushaw to teach there for 4 years, but in 1900 he founded a Laity-sponsored School, St. Bede's Grammar School, in Bradford and became its first Headmaster. The school prospered but led to differences between Hinsley and his Bishop. Consequently Hinsley moved to Southwark Diocese. After 13 years combining parish work with lecturing at Wonersh, he was made Rector of the VEC and worked in Rome, 1917-1928. He bought Palazzola and had its swimming pool built. Created Bishop of Sardis, 1927 and sent as Apostolic Visitor to Africa where after 7 years, ill-health caused him to retire. He became a Canon of St Peter's and there expected to end his days. To the surprise of many he was called out of retirement on the death of Cardinal Bourne to become the fifth Archbishop of Westminster on 25th March 1935. He was created Cardinal Priest of Santa Susanna on 16 December 1937. He denounced the Hitler Regime, founded the Sword of the Spirit as an ecumenical venture to rally the churches against totalitarianism and became famous in all homes for his wartime radio chats and stirring encouragement when Britain stood alone. He died on 17 March 1943, at the age of 78.
Born in 1826, Alfred James Hipkins initially worked as a piano tuner for J Broadwood and Sons, piano makers. He went on to write a series of works relating to musical instruments, musicology and composers, some in collaboration with his daughter Edith. His publications included Canter lectures on musical instruments, their construction and capabilities (London, 1891); A comparison of various tuning forks by means of a monochord (London, 1869); A description of the history of the pianoforte and of the older keyboard stringed instruments (London, 1896); Dorian and Phyrgian reconsidered from a non-harmonic point of view (London, 1902); How Chopin played (J M Dent and Sons, London); and Musical instruments: historic, rare and unique (A & C Black, Edinburgh, 1888).
Townships formed the smallest unit of government. In many parts of England parishes formed a single township, but in districts where parishes were large e.g. the Pennines, they were subdivided into townships. In the 16th century townships or civil parishes were given responsibility for the poor and the highways. They were also units of taxation. Townships survived until the creation of Urban and Rural District Councils in the late 19th century.
Born 1878; Scholar in Theology, Lambeth, London; Tutor to Women in the Department of Theology, King's College London, 1919-1938; part-time lecturer, King's College London, 1938-1939; died 1968.
Publications: The old testament chronologically arranged (Humphrey Milford, London, [1926]); The temple and the doctrine of holiness (A. R. Mowbray and Co, London and Oxford, 1915); Women's work for the Church (London, 1939).
No biographical information has been found for Charles Hird.
Jonni Hirsch was a Jewish 'Mischling', a term used during the Third Reich for a person deemed to have partial Jewish ancestry. He and certain members on the Jewish side family were from Kiel. These papers are evidence of the way in which the lives of Jews in a German city became ever more difficult as a consequence of growing antisemitism. The Hirsch family was an old established Jewish family emanating from Denmark. Jonni Hirsch's grandfather, Wolf Hirsch, was president of the local Jewish community and instrumental in the building of a Kiel synagogue. Jonni Hirsch was imprisoned on 12 November 1938, 2 days after Kristallnacht, and described as a Jew. Little is know about the family after 1938, however in 1957 Jonni Hirsch lived in Kiel and it is believed that his earlier home in Fischerstr was bombed during the war.
Baruch Hirson was born at Doornfontein near Johannesburg, South Africa on 10 December 1921, the son of a Jewish electrician. Between 1944 and 1946 he worked as the political organiser for the Workers' International League, and subsequently he combined his politics with an academic career as a physicist at the University of the Witwatersrand. Towards the end of the 1950s he joined the Congress of Democrats, the white arm of the African National Congress-led congress alliance. Highly critical of its leadership and policies, with other disaffected left-wing congress activists Hirson formed the Socialist League of Africa just before the Sharpeville massacre in 1960, and later the National Committee for Liberation/African Resistance Movement (ARM). The ARM was broken in 1964, and Hirson and other leading activists arrested and imprisoned for nine years. After his release he moved to Britain, he taught physics at Bradford and Middlesex Universities, and devoted much of his time to history and the publication of Searchlight South Africa (1988-1995), a left-wing analysis of South African politics. He wrote several books or aspects of South African history and an autobiography, Revolutions in my Life (1995). He died in London on 3 October 1999.
No additional information was available at time of compilation.
Born 1907; educated at Highgate School, St Edmund Hall, Oxford (MA), Berlin University (DPhil 1935). Assistant Master Trinity College School, Port Hope, Ontario, Canada, 1929-1932, Bradfield College, 1936-1939, Marlborough College1939-1940. Joined Royal Marines, 1940, served in Mediterranean and Far East, rising to Lt Col; seconded to Army as Military Governor of Dannenberg, Germany, 1945; British Council Representative in Austria, 1946-1949, Southern India 1949-1950; Prof of Political Science and International Relations, University of Manitoba, Canada, 1950-64; member United Nations Sub-Committee for Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, 1953-62; Prof of International Relations University of Sussex, 1964-72, died 1998. Publications: The Rebirth of Austria, (OUP, London, 1953); Democracy in Western Germany (OUP, London, 1957); Poland: Bridge for the Abyss (OUP, London, 1963); Germany Revived (Gollancz, London, 1966); The Security Council: a study in Adolescence (Longman, London, 1973)
The Korean War suggested to US Army senior personnel the need to gather systematically information on the activities of major American military units. The value of historical accounts had been demonstrated during World War Two, when US Army historians followed the progress of American soldiers by conducting extensive interviews and compiling records of combat actions. While conducting interviews and collecting related materials for historical purposes, US Army investigators during World War Two also compiled combat information in After-Action Reports designed for immediate war-time use. When the Korean War began, the Assistant Chiefs of Staff, US Department of the Army, were responsible for recording and transmitting 'lessons learned' within respective spheres, while the US Army Historical Detachments were allowed to create a detailed record that could be used after the conflict to write official histories. Eventually eight US Army Historical Detachments were organised and committed to Korean between 15 Feb and 22 Jul 1951. Early operations of the Historical Detachments lacked centralised planning, however. Originally, a central organisation was improvised by activating US 8 Army Historical Service Detachment (Provisional). Personnel for this unit were drawn from other detachments in Korea, while the historical officers who conducted the interviews were drawn from the Reserves. The Provisional Detachment was eventually superceded by the first US Army Historical Detachment Headquarters. Despite the suddenness of the Korean conflict and the and the logistical problems caused by the rapidly changing military situation, the Historical Detachments were able to reconstruct many major battlefield operations through interviews, supplemented with recourse to conventional documentary sources.
The History of Anaesthesia Society was founded in 1986. Its purpose is to promote the study of the history of anaesthesia and related disciplines and to provide a forum for discussion. It holds meetings in the summer and autumn and sometimes meetings with other organisations. It publishes its Proceedings and other works on the history of anaesthesia, and funds conservation projects such as the restoration of graves of eminent anaesthetists. For further information see its website: http://www.histansoc.org.uk
The History of Education Society was founded in 1967, 'to further the study of the history of education by providing opportunities for discussion among those engaged in its study and teaching'. The Society sponsors the publication of two peer-reviewed journals: History of Education and History of Education Researcher.
Launched in 1976 by historian Raphael Samuel and others involved in the History Workshop movement – which focused on 'history from below' or the social history of everyday life, the History Workshop Journal is published by Oxford University Press. The Journal publishes a wide variety of reports, reviews and essays on subjects including local history, economics and geopolitics.
Launched in 1976, the History Workshop Journal is a leading historical journal that engages with contemporary debate on radical politics.
Hitahadut Olej Germania was founded at the beginning of 1932 with the objective of providing advice and support to would-be emigrés from Germany to Palestine. The character of the organisation changed with the huge increase of emigrants during the great 'Alijah' [1933] after which it became more involved with issues around settlement, and the economic and cultural life of the new immigrants.
The mother organisation, Mifleget ha-Avodah ha-Ziyyonit, was the Socialist Zionist party formed in 1920 by the union of Palestine Workers' Party, Ha-Po'el ha-Za'ir, with a majority of the Ze'irei Zion groups in the Diaspora. The latter groups had been formed in Russia at the beginning of the 20th Century by young Zionists who espoused the views of Ha-Po'el ha-Za'ir and intended to join the party upon their settlement in Erez Israel. The programme of Ze'irei Zion, announced at its second congress in Petrograd, in 1917, postulated the necessity to establish a Jewish labour commonwealth in the land of Israel and redirect the Jewish masses in the Diaspora to productive occupations.
John Wilkes was born in Clerkenwell in 1725. He was educated at the University of Leiden from 1744, where he developed life-long habits of vice and profligacy. In 1747 he returned to England to enter into an arranged marriage. The dowry was the manor of Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire. In London Wilkes was admitted to several clubs and moved in intellectual circles, while in Aylesbury he participated in local administration as a magistrate. In 1757 he stood for the Aylesbury Parliamentary seat in an uncontested by-election. In 1761 he again won the seat by bribing the voters. Wilkes began to write anonymous political pamphlets and in 1762 he established a political weekly, the North Briton which was highly critical of the Prime Minister Lord Bute and his successor, George Greville. In November 1763 the North Briton was declared to be seditious libel, leaving Wilkes exposed to punitive legal action. At the same time he was badly injured in a pistol duel with another MP. Wilkes fled to Paris to escape legal proceedings and was expelled from Parliament.
In January 1764 Wilkes was convicted for publishing the North Briton. He was summoned to appear at the court of the king's bench and when he failed to appear was outlawed. Wilkes therefore stayed abroad for four years as returning to England would mean imprisonment. In Paris he moved in intellectual circles and was praised as a champion of freedom, however, he was accruing serious debts. Between 1766 and 1767 he made brief return visits to London, hoping to be pardoned. In 1768 he returned permanently, living under a false name. He announced that he would attend the king's bench when the court next met, and declared his intention to run for Parliament. He contested for the Middlesex seat and ran a superbly organised campaign backed by popular enthusiasm, winning the seat in March by 1292 votes to 827.
Wilkes was immediately expelled from Parliament as it was assumed he would be imprisoned when he attended court in April. The decision was reversed as it was feared that Wilkes' supporters would riot. In June Wilkes was sentenced to two years imprisonment in the King's Bench Prison. On 3 February 1769 he was again expelled from Parliament, only to be re-elected on 16 February in a by-election. He was expelled again but again re-elected in March, only to be expelled. At the April by-election Parliament produced a rival candidate who was soundly defeated, but nevertheless was awarded the Parliamentary seat. The resulting controversy forced the Prime Minister to resign.
Released in 1770 Wilkes stood for election as alderman for the Ward of Farringdon Without in the City of London. In 1771 he was elected Sheriff and in 1774 Lord Mayor. In the same year he was again elected to the Parliamentary seat for Middlesex. He held this seat until 1790. In 1779 he became the City of London Chamberlain and after leaving Parliament concentrated on this post until his death in 1797.
The Hitchin, Stevenage and District Women's Suffrage Society (1909-1918) was originally established as the North Herts Women's Suffrage Association in 1909 with Lord Lytton as its president and with Lady Constance Lytton and Lady Betty Balfour as members. By 1911 the organisation had expanded to such an extent that it was necessary to split it into two separate bodies: the Hitchin, Stevenage and District Women's Suffrage Society and the Letchworth and District Women's Suffrage Society. Both were affiliated to the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies. This remained the situation until 1918 when the HSDWSS became a Women's Citizenship Association.
The Park Hospital, Hither Green, was opened as a fever hospital on 8 November 1897 by the Metropolitan Asylums Board. It was one of five new fever hospitals built by the Metropolitan Asylums Board in the 1890's in response to the rapidly growing numbers of patients seeking admission to its fever hospitals which had now been disconnected from the poor law and where treatment was provided free of charge. In 1930 on the abolition of the Metropolitan Asylums Board all its hospitals and other responsibilities were taken over by the London County Council, who continued to run Park Hospital as a fever hospital with, in 1939, an authorised bed complement of 632. In 1948 Park Hospital became part of the National Health Service under the control of the Lewisham Group Hospital Management Committee of the South East Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board. Its name was changed to Hither Green Hospital in 1957.
In September 1953 the hospital was visited by King Edward's Hospital Fund for London, who prepared a brief report on the hospital (ref.: A/KE/735/36) which by now had been reduced in size to 500 beds. The King's Fund Visitors described it as "a fever hospital which is now used to a limited extent for medical and skin cases. It also has a ward for tonsil and adenoid operations. All the patients, except the latter, came through Emergency Bed Service. There is no waiting list. The wards are the usual airy, if rather bleak, fever hospital wards. They have a number of poliomyelitis cases in the hospital and are endeavouring to build up a poliomyelitis unit. They treat the patients from the acute stage right through to their rehabilitation for which purpose an orthopaedic surgeon and a physiotherapist attend the hospital".
On the reorganisation of the NHS in 1974, Hither Green Hospital, by now described as an acute hospital, became part of the Lewisham District of the Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham Area Health Authority (Teaching). On the abolition of area health authorities in 1982 it became the responsibility of Lambeth and North Southwark Health Authority.
By September 1992 the hospital had come under the control of Guy's NHS Trust. Only part of the hospital was still in use, for elderly patients and psychiatric cases.
The Park Fever Hospital, at Hither Green, South East London, opened 1897. Its name was changed in 1957 to Hither Green Hospital. The hospital closed in 1997.
Student nurses at Hither Green Hospital appear to have worked at St John's Hospital, Lewisham, as well as at Hither Green during their training.
The multiracial Liberal Party of South Africa was founded in 1954, and was forced to disband under the Prohibition of Political Interference Act of 1968.
Wormwood Scrubs prison was designed in 1870s by Major-General Edmund Du Cane, chairman of the Directors of Convict Prisons, as a national long-term penitentiary, built on a site in East Acton with convict labour. By the time the prison was completed, its entire purpose had, however, changed, and it became a local prison for short-term petty offenders. Today Wormwood Scrubbs provides lower security accommodation for remand and short-term prisoners.
From 1904, the prison also became part of the Borstal system for young offenders, and in 1929 it was made an allocation centre from which newly-sentenced trainees were assessed before being sent to a suitable Borstal. In addition Wormwood Scrubbs came to specialise in holding first time offenders, or 'star' prisoners as they were known. It has more recently become a prison in which life-sentence prisoners are assessed in the early years of their terms.
During the Second World War, part of the prison was evacuated for the use of MI5 and the War Department, and by the end of the war, a section of the hospital wing was being used as condemned quarters for prisoners from Wandsworth and Pentonville prisons.
The origins of HM Young Offender Institute, Feltham can be traced back to 1854 when the erection of a reformatory school was first proposed by the Justices of the County of Middlesex. After the passing of the Industrial Schools Act of 1857, magistrates were empowered to sentence children aged between 7 and 14 to industrial schools. The Middlesex Industrial School, Feltham was built within the parish of Bedfont and opened on 1 January 1859. The school passed into the control of the London County Council in April 1889 and eventually closed in August 1909.
The premises then came under the control of the Prison Commissioners. Feltham Borstal Institution opened on 7 October 1910 when 23 boys were transferred from Borstal Institution at Borstal, Kent.
Feltham operated based on the Borstal model. Boys from the age of 16 to 21 who were taken into custody were either sent to Borstal training for 3 years, or to Boys' prison, where sentences were for a lesser period. Those who demonstrated criminal tendencies and in need of reform were sent to Borstal training. Training included instruction in trades, education, physical fitness and work. Good conduct could secure an early release on licence.
In September 1939, Feltham absorbed prisoners from the Boys' Prison at Wormwood Scrubs. This included boys awaiting trial, boy prisoners and those awaiting allocation to Borstal. In 1942, the remand centre moved back to Wormwood Scrubs but the Borstal Reception Centre and the Boys' prison remained at Feltham. In early 1945, the reception centre also went back to Wormwood Scrubs. By April 1946, the Boys' Prison at Feltham ceased to exist and Feltham reverted to being solely a Borstal.
In the early 1970s it was recognised that the buildings were inadequate and designs for a new institute were made incorporating a new remand centre to replace nearby Ashford. The new Feltham was opened in August 1983, although the merger was delayed. HM Young Offender Institution and Remand Centre Feltham was formed by the amalgamation of Ashford Remand Centre and Feltham Borstal in 1991.
HMS DAUNTLESS, a naval shore establishment at Burghfield in Berkshire, has been used by the Women's Royal Naval Service since 1946 as a training and drafting centre.
The naval school of navigation, HMS Dryad, was founded in 1903. It was based at Portsmouth until 1941 when it moved to Southwick near Fareham in Hampshire. In 1974 it became the School of Maritime Operations, though retaining the name of Dryad. See B B Schofield, The Story of HMS Dryad (Havant, Hampshire,1977).
The GANGES, launched in 1821, became a training ship for boys in 1866. The ship was moored in Falmouth Bay until 1899 when it was moved to the Essex Coast off Shotley, near Harwich, where it remained until 1906. From 1905 the training establishment was based on shore at Shotley where it remained until its closure in 1976.
The Naval Signal School, known as HMS Mercury since 1941, was founded at Portsmouth in 1901. In 1942 the school was moved to East Meon, near Petersfield, Hampshire.
The TRINCOMALEE was a frigate built in Bombay for the Royal Navy and launched in 1817, too late to serve in the Napoleonic Wars and was placed in ordinary (reserve). She was brought back into service in the 1840s whereupon she was despatched to American waters and was mainly assigned to anti-slavery patrols; in 1877 she was moved to Southampton as a drill ship; sold in 1897 to be broken up; saved and purchased as a youth training ship and renamed the FOUDROYANT; used as a store ship during World War Two; restored by the Foudroyant Trust; on display in Hartlepool, now renamed as HMS TRINCOMALEE.
By the middle of the nineteenth century it was generally realised that there was a problem in providing properly trained officers for merchant ships. In 1859 the Conway was established in the Mersey for this purpose. The idea of having a vessel on the Thames originated with William Munton Bullivant (1827-1908), a London merchant and Richard Green (1803-1863), a Blackwall shipbuilder. By 1861 an active committee had been formed and the Admiralty agreed to lend the Worcester, a 50-gun frigate, as a school. The Thames Marine Officer Training School was opened in the following year. The vessel was initially stationed at Blackwall Reach but moved to Erith the following year where she remained until 1869 when she was moved to Greenhithe. Within a few years, with the increase in the number of cadets, the ship had become too small and in 1876 she was replaced by a larger vessel (formerly the Frederick William). It was at this time that the name of the school was changed to the Thames Nautical Training College, HMS Worcester. The college was incorporated in 1892 and in 1922 it purchased land at Greenhithe. In 1938 the Cutty Sark was acquired by the college and berthed abreast of the Worcester. At the outbreak of war in 1939, the cadets were transferred to Foots Cray Place near Sidcup and the ship was returned to the Admiralty. At the end of the war the old vessel was handed back but within a few months the training ship Exmouth was made available and, renamed Worcester, was officially handed over in July 1945. In 1953 the Cutty Sark was taken over by the Cutty Sark Preservation Society and was docked permanently at Greenwich. The Thames Nautical Training College continued until July 1968 when it became part of the Merchant Navy College at Greenhithe. The third Worcester was sold in 1978 to be broken up.
Born in India, 1885; educated at Clifton College, Bristol and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into the Corps of Royal Engineers, 1904; served in India with 1 Bengal Sappers and Miners, 1906-1915; Lt, 1907; Mohmand Expedition, North West Frontier, India, 1908; served on the Staff for the Delhi Durbar, India, 1911; Capt, 1914; served in France, Flanders, Mesopotamia and Palestine, World War One, 1915-1918; served with the Indian Corps at Neuve Chapelle, Aubers Ridge and Festubert, Western Front, 1915; awarded MC, 1915; General Staff Officer 3, Indian Expeditionary Force, Western Front, 1915-1916; transferred to 3 Div, Mesopotamia, 1916; wounded, Mesopotamia, 1916; awarded DSO, 1916; Brevet Maj, 1918; posted to 8 Bde in Palestine and served in the Megiddo campaign, 1918; awarded OBE, 1919; graduated from Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1920; General Staff Officer 2, War Office, 1920-1921; Bde Maj, Waziristan force, North West Frontier, India, 1921-1922; Maj, 1922; Brevet Lt Col, 1922; transferred to Royal Tank Corps, 1923; Instructor at Staff College, Quetta, India, 1923-1927; Brevet Col, 1928; Lt Col, 1930; Commanding Officer 2 Bn, Royal Tank Corps, 1931-1933; Col, 1933; Inspector, Royal Tank Corps, 1933-1936; commanded 1 Tank Bde, Southern Command, 1934-1937; Deputy Director of Staff Duties (Armoured Fighting Vehicles), War Office, 1937; Director of Military Training, War Office, 1937-1938; Maj Gen, 1937; General Officer Commanding Armoured Div, Egypt, 1938-1939; awarded CB, 1939; retired, 1940; joined Local Defence Volunteers (later renamed the Home Guard), Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, 1940; Deputy Area Organiser, Local Defence Volunteers/Home Guard, South Midland Area, 1940-1941; re-employed by Army, 1941; served in UK and North West Europe, World War Two, 1941-1945; General Officer Commanding 11 Armoured Div, UK, 1941-1942; General Officer Commanding 79 (Specialised) Armoured Div, 1942-1945; created KBE, 1943; Commander of the Specialised Armour Development Establishment, Suffolk, 1945-1946; retired from Army, 1946; representative Col Commandant, Royal Tank Regiment, 1947-1951; Lieutenant Governor, Royal Hospital, Chelsea, 1948-1953; died 1957.
In 1485 William Hobbayne left his house and 24 acres of land for the benefit of the poor of the parish of Hanwell. The trustees of the charity used the income from the property for various parish purposes, including the repair of the church, provision of an annual sermon, and relief of the deserving poor. In 1790 the trustees built almshouses for the use of the parish, and in 1779 they founded a parish school.
Source: 'Hanwell: Charities', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3: Shepperton, Staines, Stanwell, Sunbury, Teddington, Heston and Isleworth, Twickenham, Cowley, Cranford, West Drayton, Greenford, Hanwell, Harefield and Harlington (1962), pp. 236-237.
Born, 1907; commissioned into the Northumberland Fusiliers, 1928; Lt, 1931; Aide de Camp to Gen Hon Sir (John) Francis Gathorne-Hardy, General Officer Commanding in Chief, Aldershot Command, 1933-1937; Capt, 1938; served in Palestine, 1938-1939; Adjutant, 1938-1941; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; General Staff Officer 3 (Operations), Headquarters, British Troops in Egypt, 1940-1941; General Staff Officer 2, Headquarters, British Troops in Egypt, 1941-1942; temporary Maj, 1941-1943; awarded MBE, 1942; acting Lt Col, 1942-1943; General Staff Officer 1, Headquarters, PAIFORCE (Persia and Iraq Force), 1942-1943; Chief Staff Officer, British Military Mission to the Polish Corps, and the British Military Mission to Greece, 1942-1947; War Substantive Maj, 1943; General Staff Officer 1 (Liaison), Headquarters, PAIFORCE (Persia and Iraq Force), 1943; General Staff Officer 1, General Headquarters, Middle East Land Forces, 1943-1944; temporary Lt Col, 1943-1945; Maj, 1945; General Staff Officer 1, British Liaison Officer, Greece, 1945; War Substantive Lt Col, 1945; Col (Allied Liaison Staff), General Headquarters, Middle East Land Forces, 1945-1947; temporary Col, 1945-1950; Col of Liaison, British Military Mission to Greece, 1947-1949; Deputy Director of Public Relations, War Office, 1950-1954; temporary Col, 1950-1954; Lt Col, 1952; awarded CBE, 1953; Col, 1954; Military Attaché, Athens, Greece, 1954-1957; Director of Public Relations, Ministry of Defence, 1957-1965; died, 1985.
Joan Hobbs trained initially as a kindergarten teacher, and taught for a number of years, before training as a midwife and general nurse at King's College Hospital between 1934 and 1937, gaining General Nursing Council registration in 1937. She later trained as a Nurse Tutor, and was involved in establishment of King's College Hospital unit at Horton during World War Two.
Hobbs held the post of Matron at Warwick Hospital before retiring to Worthing. She died on 21 Jul 2003, aged 95.
Founded by Alfred C Hobbs, an American lock dealer in 1852 to manufacture locks based on his patents. By 1855 factory at 33 Lawrence Lane, City of London with showrooms at 97 Cheapside. In 1860 John Matthias Hart took over management of the firm upon Hobbs' death. Hart opened new works at Arlington Street, Islington (Wharncliffe Works) to manufacture safe and strong-room doors. The company held royal warrant from 1861 and supplied safes to Bank of England. The firm was incorporated 8 July 1887, the year Hart died. The range of products increased together with development of overseas exports. Charles Lee was General Manager in the 1890s and 1900s. In 1936 new works and offices were opened in Staffa Road, Leyton.
The company was acquired by Chubb and Son Lock and Safe Company Limited in 1956. The Hobbs Hart Departments later moved to 231-237 Cambridge Heath Road and operations continued until 1983 as one of the two safe manufacturing centres of Chubb Group.
Name changes:
Hobbs and Company, in 1852;
Hobbs, Ashley and Company, in 1855;
Hobbs Ashley and Fortescue, to 1860;
Hobbs Hart and Company, 1860-1887;
Hobbs Hart and Company Limited, 1887-1974.
Born, 1870; educated at Burton grammar school; left school to work for his uncle's coal business; articled apprentice to Alfred Hodgkins, veterinary surgeon; Royal Veterinary College, London, 1888-1892; resident hospital surgeon at the Royal Veterinary College, 1892; entered private practice with Arthur Blake, of Redhill, [1893]; unior professor, in charge of the outpatients' department and the teaching of materia medica and later hygiene, Royal Veterinary College, 1893-1899; FRCVS, 1897; John Henry Steel medal, 1899; private practice in Kensington with Frank Ridler, 1899-1927; honorary veterinary surgeon to Queen Alexandra, 1912-1939; veterinary officer to King Edward's Horse, army veterinary corps, 1914; in command of no 22 Veterinary Hospital at Abbeville in France, 1915-1916; took the hospital to Italy, 1916; returned to Kensington practice, [1919]; president of the section of comparative medicine of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1924-1926; served on the Council of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, 1925-1939; Principal of the Royal Veterinary College, 1927-1937; knighted, 1933; honorary fellow of the Royal Society, 1937; returned to practice as a consultant, 1937-1938; died, 1939.
Henry Hobhouse was born near Castle Cary, Somerset, and educated at Eton and at Brasenose College, Oxford. He subsequently studied law and was called to the bar in 1801. Hobhouse became a civil servant, working sucessively as Solicitor to HM Customs, Treasury Solicitor and Permanent Under-Secretary to the Home Department, from which he retired in 1827. In 1826 he had become Keeper of the State Papers, where his main task was superintending the publication of The State Papers of Henry VIII (11 volumes, 1830-1852). The State Papers Office was absorbed by the Public Record Office in 1854, the year of both Hobhouse's death and of the birth of his grandson and namesake, the politician Henry Hobhouse.
Born, 1867; educated in engineering at Mason Science College; served as Transport Superintendent at the coast of Mombasa for the Imperial British East Africa Company, 1890-1893; served the Foreign Service in Kenya, 1894-1921; undertook a general tour of the whole of the Central African Lake Region, 1895-1896; established a British administration in Mumias, 1895; first European to circumambulate Mt Elgon, 1896; oversaw a number of punitive expeditions, 1894-1908; Provincial Commissioner of Kavirondo Region (later called Nyanza Province) and sub-commissioner of Ukamba Province (stationed in Nairobi), c1909; retired from the Foreign Service, 1921; died 1947.
Charles Hobson, born circa 1897, was a clock restorer of Portland Road, Hove, Sussex. He carried out repairs on many clocks made by notable clockmakers.