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Hornsey Parochial Charities was established in 1890 by a Scheme uniting all the parish charities. Various charities were added later, including Churchfield, the Fuel fund, the Maria Tame charity and the bequest of Colonel John William Bird. Apprenticeship charities were managed separately by the same trustees. The income of the charity came from the leases of the parish cottages, and, after they were demolished, lease or sale of the land.

The charity provided pensions and gave grants to dispensaries, hospitals, nursing associations, convalescent homes, and provident clubs, and to individuals preparing for a trade or in temporary distress.

Source of information: 'Hornsey, including Highgate: Charities for the poor', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 6: Friern Barnet, Finchley, Hornsey with Highgate (1980), pp. 199-205 (available online).

Membership of the association was open to all assistant district surveyors employed in the District Surveyor's Offices in Inner London. The association was wound up on 3 March 1986 as a result of the impending abolition of the Greater London Council.

The District Surveyor's Offices were part of the GLC Architect's Department. Building control in inner London was administered at a local level by district surveyors from the mid nineteenth century to 1986. District Surveyors were a statutory, independent body responsible for surveying and supervising all construction work in their districts. They inspected plans and buildings to ensure quality of construction and compliance with statutory requirements under London Building Acts and bye laws. Reports were made to the relevant central administrative authority. In latter years, together with the Building Regulations Division of the Greater London Council's Department of Architecture and Civic Design, district surveyors were responsible for executing the Council's statutory duties under the London Building Acts. Before the abolition of the GLC in 1986, there were about 300 district surveyors and 27 offices administering areas roughly equivalent in size to former metropolitan boroughs. Anyone wishing to construct or alter a building in inner London had to give notice to the relevant district surveyor two days before work was begun. Notice included submission of detailed plans and specifications of the proposed construction for inspection and approval by the district surveyor. Building work requested by the Council's Building Regulations Division, in relation to particular statutory requirements such as means of escape, structural fire precautions such as means of escape, structural fire precautions and waivers of bye-laws, had to be completed to the satisfaction of the district surveyor. Reports were made to the Council through the superintending Architect of Metropolitan Buildings. Where aspects of a proposed work contravened Building Acts or bye laws, the district surveyor could serve a "Notice of Objection" on the builder or owner. If work had begun or been completed a "Notice of Irregularity" could be served. Failure to comply constituted a serious offence. Appeals against decisions could be made to the Council and then to a Tribunal of Appeal. Income of district surveyors was paid by the Council based on the cost of buildings inspected. District surveyors had particular responsibility for dangerous neglected structures. They reported instances to the Council, surveyed and took any action necessary to remove immediate danger. They could also be called on to survey party structures and had the right to inspect buildings on which no notice had been served.

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.

An assignment of term, or assignment to attend the inheritance, was an assignment of the remaining term of years in a mortgage to a trustee after the mortgage itself has been redeemed. An assignment of a lease is the transfer of the rights laid out in the lease to another party, usually for a consideration (a sum of money).

Probate (also called proving a will) is the process of establishing the validity of a will, which was recorded in the grant of probate.

Abstract of title is a summary of prior ownership of a property, drawn up by solicitors. Such an abstract may go back several hundred years or just a few months, and was usually drawn up just prior to a sale.

A covenant or deed of covenant was an agreement entered into by one of the parties to a deed to another. A covenant for production of title deeds was an agreement to produce deeds not being handed over to a purchaser, while a covenant to surrender was an agreement to surrender copyhold land.

From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".

The Dartford Brewery was founded as "Miller and Aldworth", and from 1887 "Miller and Aldworth Limited". It was incorporated in July 1897 as "Dartford Brewery Company Limited". The Brewery was situated at Lowfield Street, Dartford, Kent.

The brewery was acquired jointly by Style and Winch Limited and the Royal Brewery Brentford Limited in 1924; and was therefore acquired by Barclay Perkins and Company Limited in 1929 when it purchased Style and Winch Limited and the Royal Brewery Brentford Limited.

The Brewery went into voluntary liquidation in 1970.

The Medway Brewery, St Peter's Street, Maidstone, Kent was built by William Baldwin in 1806. The company was known as "Baldwin and Holmes" in the 1850s, as "Holmes and Style" during the 1860s and as "A F Style and Company" from 1880. It was amalgamated with E Winch and Sons Limited, of the Chatham Brewery, Chatham, Kent, and incorporated as "Style and Winch Limited" on the 17th March 1899.

Acquired:

• Henry Simmons, Style Place Brewery, Hadlow, Kent, 1905;
• H and O Vallance, The Brewery, Sittingbourne, Kent, 1905;
• Tooting Brewery, 1907;
• Ashford Breweries Limited, Lion Brewery, Ashford, Kent, 1912;
• Woodhams and Co Limited, Rochester Steam Brewery, Rochester, Kent, 1918;

• E Finn and Co Limited, Pale Ale Brewery, Lydd, Kent, 1921.

  The Company took a controlling interest in Royal Brewery Brentford Limited in 1922; and jointly with Royal Brewery acquired Dartford Brewery Company Limited in 1924.

  Style and Winch Limited was acquired by Barclay Perkins and Company Limited in 1929. It was operated by Courage (Eastern) Limited from 1964; and liquidated by Courage, Barclay and Simonds in 1970.

The Camden Brewery was established in 1849 by Garrett, Whitaker and Grimwood, located on Hawley Crescent, Camden, London. It was incorporated in 1889 as the Camden Brewery Company Limited. The company went into receivership in 1912 and registered as a new company in 1913. It went into voluntary liquidation in 1926.

Courage (Central) Limited was incorporated in 1962 to be responsible for Courage Barclay and Simonds Limited's production, management and trading in central southern England. It was based in Reading, Berkshire. The company ceased to operate in 1984.

Courage (Western) Limited was incorporated in March 1962 as Courage, Barclay and Simonds (Western) Limited, to be responsible for production, management and trading in south-west England and south Wales for Courage, Barclay and Simonds Limited. The company was based on Bath Street, Bristol. The name was changed to Courage (Western) Limited in February 1963. It absorbed Courage (PB), formerly Plymouth Breweries Ltd, in 1973; but ceased to operate in 1984.

Robert and John Barrett established the Red Lion Brewery in 1839 and bought two Basingstoke breweries in 1886. They merged with George Timmer's Lion Brewery, Farnham, (est 1859) in 1889; and registered as Farnham United Breweries Limited.

The company acquired Robert Tyler and John Barrett's Wote Street Brewery, Basingstoke, Hants, in 1889. They were acquired by Courage and Company Limited in 1927. They went into liquidation in October 1951.

The Black Eagle Brewery, Whites Grounds, Bermondsey is believed to have been established in the 1690s. It was known as Clarke's Brewery, and was acquired some time between 1823 and 1830 by John Cox. In 1848 it was bought by Day, Payne and Cox of Westerham, and traded as "Day, Noakes and Sons" from 1852. The Company was incorporated in 1897 as "Noakes and Company Limited".

The company acquired Nevile Reid and Company Limited in 1918 and J Canning and Sons, Royal Brewery, Windsor, in 1921. Brewing operations were transferred to Windsor in 1921. The company was acquired by Courage and Company Limited in 1930.

The company was established in about 1800 as Dyer, Wyld and Jeve of Bristol, and was later known as Wyld and Company Limited, of Bath Street, Bristol. It was taken over by Charles Kinloch and Company Limited in 1962 as a non-trading subsidiary. The name was changed to Arthur Cooper (Wine Merchant) Limited in 1978 to avoid loss of name (which was previously used from 1961 by Carlos and Thrale Ltd). There may be some confusion over name changes so researchers are advised to investigate further.

Carlos and Thrale Limited was formerly either St Giles Taverns Limited or Medway Mineral Water Company (which never traded). The name "Carlos and Thrale" was created in 1957 as the wines and spirits department of Courage and Company Limited and then Courage and Barclay.

From Oct 1961 the company was known as Arthur Cooper (Wine Merchant) Limited and from 1978 as Saccone and Speed Retail Limited, having bought Saccone and Speed from Charles Kinloch in 1965. Searchers are advised to confirm these details for themselves.

Horselydown Property Investment Company Limited was a subsidiary of Courage, Barclay and Simonds, set up [1961], based at Southwark Bridge Road, Southwark.

London and Provincial Shop Centres (Horselydown) Limited was set up jointly by Horselydown Property Investment Company Limited and London and Provincial Shop Centres (Holdings) Limited to develop the site of Pied Horse, High Street, Slough, Bucks (later Dulux House). The Company was incorporated in March 1963.

The Star Brewery Company Limited of Eastbourne, East Sussex, was incorporated in October 1886. It was acquired by Courage, Barclay and Simonds in approximately 1965. The brewery ceased production in 1967.

Courage, Barclay and Simonds Limited (see ACC/2305/26) name was changed to Courage Limited in 1970. The Company was based at Anchor Terrace, Southwark Bridge Road, London. In 1972 the firm was acquired by Imperial Tobacco Group Limited for £320 million, changed name to Imperial Brewing and Leisure Limited. In 1986 Imperial Group acquired by Hanson Trust plc, which sold Courage Limited as a separate concern to Elders IXL, the Australian conglomerate.

Mumford Hotels Limited were based in Faversham, Kent.

Santovin Limited was incorporated in 1912. A holding was acquired by Yardley's London and Provincial Stores, off-licences chain, before 1928. A controlling interest was taken in Cambrunnen Table Water Company in 1929. Santovin was taken over by Courage and Barclay in February 1959. The company was in voluntary liquidation in September 1964.

Herbert Stebbings and Sons Limited, beer, wine and spirits merchants, of 149 High Street, Lowestoft, was established in 1777. It was incorporated in 1903; and acquired by Courage, Barclay and Simonds in 1969.

The Brewery was founded in Reading in 1768 by William Simonds. The brewery moved to Broad Street in 1782 and Bridge Street in 1790. By late nineteenth century the brewery had established overseas branches to supply army garrisons. The business was incorporated in November 1885 as H and G Simonds Limited.

Acquisitions: Took over Hewitt and Son, Victoria Brewery, Chain Street, Reading, c.1900; George Crake, Tamar Brewery, Tamar Street, Morice Town, Devonport, Devon, 1919; Mackeson and Co. Ltd, Hythe Brewery, Hythe, Kent, and South Berkshire Brewery Ltd 1920; Arthur Cooper Ltd., wine and spirits merchants, 1929; Ashby's Staines Brewery and Wheeler's Wycombe Breweries Ltd. 1930; Newbury Brewery Co. Ltd., Castle Brewery, Northbrook Street, Newbury, 1931; W.R. Rogers Ltd., Jacob Street Brewery, Bristol 1935; J. Adnams and Son, Eagle Brewery, Broadway, Speenhamland, Newbury, 1936; Cirencester Brewery Ltd., Cricklade Street, Cirencester, Glos, M.P. Hunt, Lakeman's Brewery, Brixham, Devon, and J.L. Marsh and Sons Ltd., Town Brewery, Bryanston Street, Blandford Forum, Dorset, 1939; R.R. Bowley and Co. Ltd., North Wiltshire Brewery, High Street, Swindon, Wilts, 1945; John May and Co. Ltd, The Brewery, Brook Street, Basingstoke, Hants, 1947; Phillips and Sons Ltd., Dock Road Brewery, Dock Road, Newport, Gwent, 1949; R. Grant and Sons, Torquay, Devon, South Devon Co. and C.W. Blundell (Plymouth) Ltd., 1951; Pool and Son Ltd., Penzance, Cornwall, 1953; Octagon Brewery, Martin Street, Plymouth, Devon, 1954.

H and G Simonds Limited acquired a substantial interest in East African Breweries Ltd., Nairobi, Kenya, 1948. They also merged with Farsons of Malta to form Simonds-Farsons 1929 and with Malta Export Brewery Co. to form Simonds-Farsons-Cisk in 1948. The Company entered into a trading agreement with Courage and Barclay Ltd. in 1959 and merged with that company in 1960 to form Courage, Barclay and Simonds Ltd. The Bridge Street Brewery closed in 1979.

Octagon Brewery Limited, Martin Street, Plymouth, Devon, was established in 1861 by Joseph Godfrey. It was incorporated in January 1899. The company was acquired by H and G Simonds in 1954 and was in liquidation in 1955.

The Brewery, Easton Street, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, was established in the late eighteenth century by Biddle and King, later Biddle and Wheeler, then Wheeler and Company. Wheeler and Company, together with Leadbetter and Bird, Frogmoor Brewery, High Wycombe, were incorporated in 1898 as Wheeler's Wycombe Breweries Limited. Taken over by Ashby's Staines Brewery in 1929 and acquired with that company by H and G Simonds in 1931. In voluntary liquidation 1950.

Bristol United Breweries Limited, Lewins Mead, Bristol was formed in 1888 from the amalgamation of Bowley and Bristow, St. Paul's Brewery Bishop and Butt Ltd., Redcliffe Mead Brewery, J.H. Lockley and Sons, Lewins Mead Brewery, and M. Reynolds and Company.

The company was incorporated in 1889. It took over Daniel Sykes and Co. Ltd., Redcliffe Brewery, Redcliffe Street (est. 1753) in 1897; the Oakhill Brewery, Ashwick, in 1925; and the Charlton Brewery, Shepton Mallet, in 1937.

Bristol United Breweries Limited merged with Bristol Brewery Georges in 1956 and with them was taken over by Courage, Barclay and Simonds in 1961. In voluntary liquidation 1962.

The London and Greenwich Railway was the earliest railway in metropolitan London. It was first opened on 8 February 1836 running from Spa Road to Deptford. An extension from Spa Road to London Bridge was opened on December 14, 1836. The line to Greenwich was finally opened on 12 April 1840.

Exeter Hall is described in an article by Percy Howard, dated 1907, when the Hall was demolished: "The ground on which Exeter Hall stands was formerly occupied by a menagerie, but, owing to the roaring of the lions frightening the horses in the Strand, it was cleared away in 1829. The need of a hall for religious work, which should also provide a home for the various organisations, had long been felt, and the site was at once acquired by a number of influential men for that purpose. On March 29th, 1831, in the presence of an immense audience, the first Exeter Hall was opened, Sir Thomas Baring being in the chair. It was considerably smaller than the present building, but cost, for those days, the large sum of £30,000. In 1850, various improvements 'were made, and the hall was lengthened.

Although essentially a centre of religious activity, Exeter Hall holds a unique place in the musical history of the last century. For many years it had been the custom to perform oratorios twice a week during Lent in the theatres of the metropolis, but these were given up when the new hall was opened, and it at once became the temple of music in London. Thither flocked great crowds to hear the fine band and chorus of 700 voices, conducted by Sir Michael Costa, while the appearance of Mendelssohn or Spohr to conduct their own compositions, drew the fashionable world to the Strand. The performance of oratorios ceased in the season of 1879-80, when they were transferred to the Albert Hall. Mr. Hullah's famous "Musical Evenings " were also held in Exeter Hall, and the rehearsals for the Handel festival have continued to take place there.

The first temperance meeting was held on June 29th, 1831, and was one of the greatest on record. It was followed by a long series of others, and in 1853 the committee of the London Temperance League invited the famous orator, John B. Gough, to come over from the United States. ... It was in Exeter Hall, in June, 1840, that the Prince Consort made his first public appearance in England, when he presided at a meeting for the abolition of the slave trade. His speech was most successful, and he wrote to his father that it was received with great applause, and seemed to have produced a good effect in the country. A few days later another famous meeting of the Anti-Slavery Convention was held, the venerable Thomas Clarkson. then in his 81st year, presiding. ...

From 1845 to 1865 the Y.M.C.A lectures were delivered in the Hall, but in 1880 it became the property of the Association, five friends putting down £5,000 apiece for the purchase. The building was then re- modelled and enlarged, the total outlay being close on £60,000. On March 29th, 1881, the jubilee of the structure, it was re-opened by Lord Shaftesbury. Since then many famous meetings have been held within its walls. Stanley's first lecture on his return from the Congo expedition was given here, and in March, 1895, members of the Royal family were present to hear F. C. Selous lecture on "Travel and Adventure in South East Africa." ... Many a great name is recalled by the old platform chair, which is still preserved. Brougham, Guizot, Moffat, Livingstone, Shaftesbury, Clarkson, Wilberforce - have all "taken the chair " at Exeter Hall, while Mr. Gladstone and Lord Salisbury appear in the list of famous speakers. "

Source: http://www.studymore.org.uk/aexeter.htm

The letters formed lot 235 in Sotheby's sale on 25 March 1974 and were bought by Mr Godfrey Groves, a keen collector of topographical material relating to North London. It is possible that at one time they formed part of the Gardner Collection of London topography, broken up in 1923.

In 1929 the London County Council tramways, the Underground railways and the London General Omnibus Company proposed to coordinate their services. It was not until 1933, however, that the London Passenger Transport Board (LPTB) was established by law.

During the Second World War the government assumed control of the LPTB, and remained in charge until 1947. In that year the Transport Act set up the British Transport Commission, which appointed executive bodies to deal with transport throughout the country. One of these took over the whole of road and rail transport in London, while the LPTB became the London Transport Executive in 1948.

Between 1970 and 1984 the Greater London Council (GLC) was responsible for the overall policy and finances of London Transport, while the London Tranport Executive was responsible for the day-to-day management and operation of services. On the abolition of the GLC in 1984, London Regional Transport was formed as a statutory corporation responsible to the government. It set up a number of wholly owned subsidiaries, including London Underground Limited and London Buses Limited. In 1990 London Regional Transport became known again as London Transport for all but legal purposes.

The Reverend James Cowe, MA, was vicar and rural dean at Sunbury Parish. He attended King's College Aberdeen.

This journal is the 83rd copy of a limited run of 90 copies of the Reverend Cowe's meteorological journal which was published in 1889. The Revd Cowe's daily readings (taken at 8 am) are of the following: temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, barometer, wind direction, rain gauge (from 1 Aug 1796 onwards), brief description of the weather.

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.

An assignment of term, or assignment to attend the inheritance, was an assignment of the remaining term of years in a mortgage to a trustee after the mortgage itself has been redeemed. An assignment of a lease is the transfer of the rights laid out in the lease to another party, usually for a consideration (a sum of money).

Probate (also called proving a will) is the process of establishing the validity of a will, which was recorded in the grant of probate. If a person died intestate (without a valid will) their money, goods and possessions passed to their next of kin through an administration (or letters of administration) which had the same form in law as a will.

Abstract of title is a summary of prior ownership of a property, drawn up by solicitors. Such an abstract may go back several hundred years or just a few months, and was usually drawn up just prior to a sale.

A covenant or deed of covenant was an agreement entered into by one of the parties to a deed to another. A covenant for production of title deeds was an agreement to produce deeds not being handed over to a purchaser, while a covenant to surrender was an agreement to surrender copyhold land.

From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.

From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".

Wheatsheaf Lane runs from Laleham Road to a cul-de-sac beside the River Thames.

According to The London Encyclopaedia (ed Weinreb and Hibbert, 1992), the East London Waterworks Company was founded in 1807, with works at Old Ford, Bow, supplied by the River Lea [or Lee]. The company took over the Shadwell Waterworks Company, the West Ham Waterworks and the Hackney Waterworks. In 1861 new reservoirs were constructed at Walthamstow, and in 1866 the Old Ford site was forced to close after an outbreak of cholera. The company also had a reservoir at Finsbury Park, fed from the Thames at Sunbury Lock via 19 miles of pipes. In 1884 the water pipes were invaded by eels. In 1902 the company was taken over by the Metropolitan Water Board.

The distinction of being the first to supply London houses with water by mechanical means goes to a certain Peter Morris, a land drainage engineer and a servant of Sir Christopher Hatton, the Lord Chancellor. His nationality is uncertain. Stow describes him both as a Dutchman and a German. Negotiations between Morris and the City started in 1574 but it was not until 1581 that he was granted a five hundred year lease of the first arch at the northern end of old London Bridge to house a tide wheel driving pumps of his design. In 1582 he obtained a similar lease of the second arch to accomodate another wheel. These enabled him to supply houses in the southern and eastern parts of the City. The works were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666 but their reconstruction was authorised by Act of Parliament in the following year. In 1701 the lease of the fourth arch of the bridge was granted to Morris's grandson, Thomas. Morris and his family sold the undertaking for £38,000 to Richard Soame who also acquired a forty three lease of the City conduit waters and an undertaking at Broken Wharf, near St Paul's, started in 1594 by Bevis Bulmer, a mining engineer, for the supply of the western end of the City. The whole was united into a partnership called "The Proprietors of the London Bridge Water Works" and was subsequently divided into 1,500 shares of a nominal value of £100 each.

By the mid eigteenth century the waterworks consisted of five water wheels occupying three arches and driving sixty four small pumps. Some 1,500,000 gallons a day were pumped on an average. In 1761 a lease of the third arch of the bridge was obtained for the purpose of affording a supply to Southwark. In 1767 two further arches were leased, the fifth from the northern end and the second from the southern end of the bridge, the latter being used in place of the third for the Southwark supply. Among the eminent engineers consulted as to the effect of these additions on the structure of the bridge and on the navigation were Brindley, Smeaton and Robert Mylne, the architect of the Blackfriars Bridge and later engineer to the New River Company.

A steam engine was installed at the northern end of the bridge about the year 1762 in order to assist the supply at the turn of the tide. At the beginning of the 19th century the works are stated to have been capable of furnishing a supply of nearly four million gallons a day. The great fall of water occasioned by the water wheels endangered navigation through the bridge and in 1822 an Act was passed for their removal. To ensure the supply of water, provision was made for the undertaking to be conveyed to the New River Company who forthwith began to dismantle the wheels. The old bridge was taken down in 1831 and replaced with one designed by John Rennie, this survived until 1968.

The Lee Conservancy Catchment Board was formed in 1930 under the provisions of the Land Drainage Act. It replaced the Commissioners of Sewers within its area and was responsible for drainage into the River Lee [or Lea]. The Board had members from the Essex, Middlesex and London County Councils as well as members of the Lee Conservancy Board, an authority responsible for regulation of the river. From 1947 the Lee Conservancy Catchment Board took over the functions of the Lee Conservancy Board, including responsibility for water supply, fisheries, pollution and land drainage.

The West Kent Main Sewerage Board managed a large network of sewers in the Kent area. The Board constructed the Dartford Sewerage Works at Long Reach and a sludge digestion works at Bromley.

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.

Source: British Records Association Guidelines 3: How to interpret deeds (available online).

The parish of Saint Sepulchre, Holborn, was situated partly within the City of London (the church building is in Holborn) and partly within Middlesex (now Islington). Cowcross Street is near Farringdon Tube Station.

Indictments were legal documents containing the charges or formal accusations against a person.

The "TOT Staff Magazine" (Train Omnibus Tram) was a magazine for the staff employed in transport companies.

Charles Roach Smith was a chemist who practiced archaeology as a hobby; collecting items found in the construction of sewers and the dredging of the Thames. He published a catalogue of his collection in 1854, and in 1855 sold the items (over 5000 of them) to the British Museum. Smith worked on studies of Roman London based on observation of remains; as well as publishing articles relating to coins, field monuments, Anglo-Saxon grave goods and sepulchres, both in the UK and Europe. In December 1843 Smith joined Thomas Wright in founding the British Archaeological Association.

Frederick William Fairholt trained as an artist from the age of 12, and became an engraver preparing illustrations for magazines. He began to receive commissions to illustrate antiquarian works; and was employed as artist and writer for the Art Union magazine. His antiquarian knowledge made him much in demand for the illustration of scholarly publications; and he did the illustrations for Charles Roach Smith's The Antiquities of Richborough (1850) and Thomas Wright's Archaeological Album (1845).

Source of information: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, online edn, Oxford University Press.

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

An assignment of term, or assignment to attend the inheritance, was an assignment of the remaining term of years in a mortgage to a trustee after the mortgage itself has been redeemed. An assignment of a lease is the transfer of the rights laid out in the lease to another party, usually for a consideration (a sum of money).

From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.

If a person died intestate (without a valid will) their money, goods and possessions passed to their next of kin through an administration (or letters of administration) which had the same form in law as a will.

From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".

Harry Neal Limited is a building and engineering contractor, founded in 1886. Buildings constructed by the company include the Westminster Bank, Watford, 1929; the Gaumont Cinema, Kilburn, 1936; the Berkeley Hotel, Knightsbridge, 1936; the Natural History Museum extension, 1976; the new Chapter House at Saint Albans Cathedral, 1980 and restoration work at Home House, Kenwood House and Somerset House. Their main office is on Georgiana Street, Camden.

British Chemical Prohects (Iridion) Limited was set up in 1929 by business partners Hubert Atwood King and Joseph George Tatham Firth. They were based at Seabourne Wharf, Richmond Road, Isleworth. The company principally manufactured a liquid detergent called "Iridion".

Probate (also called proving a will) is the process of establishing the validity of a will, which was recorded in the grant of probate.

The lands were originally purchased by Peter Mellish, who bequeathed them to William Mellish. His daughter married Richard, Earl of Glengall, and their daughter married the Hon. Richard Charteris, second son of the 9th Earl of Wemyss. In addition to the property in the Isle of Dogs and Woodford, there are the Glengall estates in Cahir, Ireland. Although deeds to these estates are listed in the Schedule of Deeds in this collection, none of the documents have been deposited.

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.

If a person died intestate (without a valid will) their money, goods and possessions passed to their next of kin through an administration (or letters of administration) which had the same form in law as a will.

Abstract of title is a summary of prior ownership of a property, drawn up by solicitors. Such an abstract may go back several hundred years or just a few months, and was usually drawn up just prior to a sale.

From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".

The Benevolent Institution was established in February 1837, perhaps partly in response to the tailors' strike of 1834/5, and was incorporated in 1859. It was intended to provide a fund for the relief of aged and infirm journeymen-tailors and to provide an asylum for them and their wives. Firms and individuals, masters and journeymen, could be members upon payment of an annual subscription. Journeymen became eligible for relief after three years' membership and out-pensioners were chosen and inmates of the asylum elected by the board of directors. In 1839 the first annual dinner was held which, with the donations solicited at it, supplemented the institution's income.

According to an aged journeyman in 1897 'the men had {before the establishment of the institution} two ordinary houses in Vauxhall Bridge Road, which the houses of call and shops used to support when the society used to meet at the Dog and Gun' (the institution met in Sackville Street until July 1952). The first stone of the institution's asylum in Prince of Wales Road, Haverstock Hill, was laid by the Marquis of Salisbury in May 1842. Four of the houses were built by subscription, the other six being paid for by John Stulz, a wealthy West End tailor who was the founder and first president of the institution and who also built and endowed the chapel, consecrated by Bishop Blomfield in June 1843.

The pensioners remained at Haverstock Hill until 1937 when the expense of maintaining the now out-dated buildings became too great and it was decided to sell the site. New 'Nursing and Rest Homes' in Shirley, Pampisford Road, South Croydon, were opened in November that year.

In 1950 it was decided to sell this property and to move to a new home at 2 North Drive, Wandsworth, which was opened in July 1952. This in turn has since been closed but has been rebuilt by the Shaftesbury Housing Association which allows the tailoring trade to use it as necessary.

No historical information can be found for the White Bear Coach Office. A voiturier was a coachman or carriage driver.

The author of this notebook remains anonymous. It was collected by Mrs M Barnes of Ewell.

BETA was founded in May 1920 as the Office Appliance Trades Association of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (OATA), and was registered under the Companies Acts in May 1927. In July 1951 OATA merged with the Association of British Business Equipment Manufacturers (ABBEM), to form the Office Appliance and Business Equipment Trades Association (OABETA). The company name was changed to BETA in October 1961, and continued as such until 1986 when it became the Business Equipment and Information Technology Association (BEITA). The association went into liquidation in August 1989, and was taken over by the Electronic Engineering Association (EEA) at Leicester House, 8 Leicester Street, London WC2H 7BN, with whom BETA had enjoyed a close relationship for some years.

Aims and structure of the association: BETA was formed "... to promote, encourage, develop and enhance the interests of the business equipment industry ...." (BETA Forward Plan, Aug 1969). Manufacturers and suppliers of, and traders in business equipment (office machines, computers, office furniture for example) became members of BETA for an annual subscription, and could submit products to the association for registration and inclusion in the Business Efficiency Exhibitions, held annually at Olympia and in the regions. As well as public relations exercises such as the above, BETA's role included the dissemination of information amongst its members, arbitration in disputes over trading ethics, and representing the interests of the industry by lobbying parliament on relevant issues, amongst other activities.

The association was governed by an elected council of 14 members, which met monthly, and administered by a staff of 17. Its membership (over 150 companies in 1977) was divided into sections, reflecting the interests of individual companies, including data-processing, microfilm and office furniture divisions for example.

Cricklewood Synagogue was first established in a private house on Walm Lane, used for worship from 1928. It was initially known as the Willesden Green and Cricklewood Hebrew Congregation. In 1931 a synagogue was constructed next door to the house, and was admitted as a Constituent member of the United Synagogue in the same year, changing its name to Cricklewood Synagogue. In 1989 the main synagogue building was sold and the congregation moved into a smaller hall. The Synagogue was closed in 2005.