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The Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at King's College London developed the Low Income Diet Methods Study in 2001. It was funded by the Food Standards Agency, as a result of growing concern about the diets of people on low incomes and primarily focused on the reasons inhibiting people from eating healthily. The research project compliments the National Diet and Nutrition Survey programme which collects information on the dietary habits and nutritional status of the UK population.

The study had three aims; to compare the effectiveness and acceptability of three dietary survey methods in a cross-section of people living on low income; to make recommendations regarding sampling techniques and dietary methodology appropriate for a pilot study and a national study of diet and low income; to investigate food consumption, eating patterns and nutrient intakes in low income households relating to deprivation indicators, food security measures and other household characteristics and circumstances. 411 respondents completed the study during 2001 and the results are based upon an analysis of 384 subjects in 240 households, including 159 males and 225 females aged 2-90 years, all being obese.

Dr Michael Nelson, senior lecturer at King's College London, was project director, assisted by staff including Dr Bridget Holmes. This project resulted in the publication of a report to the Food Standards Agency, Low income diet methods study, (2003).

Classes in the Greek and Latin Classics were provided from 1831 as part of the core curriculum of the Senior Department. Classics soon after became part of the new Department of General Literature and Science, the Faculty of Arts in 1893, and the School of Humanities in 1989. Its staff also contribute to the teaching and work of the Centre for Hellenic Studies, established in 1989.

Courses in German language and literature were provided by the Department of General Literature and Science from 1831, and were later also made available to students in the Evening Classes Department. A discrete Department was formed in the late 19th century with the creation of the Faculty of Arts in 1893, and was incorporated into the School of Humanities in 1989.

Classes in Physics and Electrical Engineering were made available at the South-Western Polytechnic from 1895. The two disciplines were separated in 1906 and in 1918 the Departments of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering were transferred to Battersea Polytechnic. An Engineering Science course in Electronics was reintroduced in 1967 at the successor to the South-Western/Chelsea Polytechnic, Chelsea College of Science and Technology. This Department of Electronics then merged with King's College London Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering in 1985. It is now known as the Department of Electronic Engineering, and is part of the Division of Engineering within the School of Physical Sciences and Engineering at King's College London.

Spanish was taught at King's College from 1831, initially as a course in the Department of General Literature and Science, then as a Faculty of Arts course from 1893 until 1923-1924, when it became recognised in its own right as the Spanish Studies Department. In 1973 the department changed its title to the Spanish and Spanish-American Studies Department in recognition of a broadening Latin American syllabus, and has been part of the School of Humanities since 1989.

The Centre for Medical Law and Ethics, part of the School of Law, was opened in 1978 to undertake research, organise teaching and publish papers concerning issues in medicine involving law and ethics. It draws on the expertise of staff in numerous schools and departments including medicine and theology and offers undergraduate course units and an MA and Diploma programme. Teaching is also provided to students in related programmes in the School of Medicine including the MSc in Palliative Care, while the Centre publishes occasional papers and the periodical, Medical law review.

No information is available on Bertha Browne. Hugh James Rose was born at Little Horsted, Sussex, 1795; educated at Uckfield school; studied at Trinity College Cambridge, 1813-1817 (graduated, BA); ordained deacon, 1818; ordained priest, 1819; curate of Buxted, Sussex, 1819; vicar of Horsham, Sussex, 1821-1830; curate of Little Horsted, Sussex and Uckfield, Sussex; vicar of Glynde, Sussex, 1824-1838; spent a year in Germany for his health, 1824, came into contact with the German rationalistic schools of theology, and published four discourses, 'The State of the Protestant Religion in Germany'; collated to the prebend of Middleton in the church of Chichester, 1827-1833; select preacher at Cambridge, 1828-1830, 1833-1834, and Christian advocate, 1829-1833; a leading exponent of King's College London, and of the idea that religious study and practice should form an integral part of higher education; rector of Hadleigh, Suffolk, 1830-1833; met with William Palmer (1803-1885), Arthur Philip Perceval and Richard Hurrell Froude at Hadleigh, 1833 - this `Hadleigh Conference' being an important milestone in the development of the Oxford Movement; the Association of Friends of the Church was formed soon after by Froude and Palmer; founder and first editor of the British Magazine and Monthly Register of Religious and Ecclesiastical Information, 1832; chair of divinity, Durham University, 1833-1834; domestic chaplain to Archbishop Howley, 1834; rector of Fairsted, Essex, 1834-1837; perpetual curacy of St Thomas's, Southwark, 1835-1838; Principal of King's College London, 1836; died in Florence, 1838. Publications: include: Inscriptiones Græcæ Vetustissimæ. Collegit et Observationes tum aliorum tum suas adjecit Hugo Jacobus Rose, M A (Cambridge, 1825); The Tendency of prevalent opinions about knowledge considered (Cambridge, 1926); The Commission and consequent Duties of the Clergy; in a series of discourses preached before the University of Cambridge(London and Cambridge, 1828); Greek and English Lexicon to the New Testament new edition (London, 1829); Doctrine of the Greek Article applied to the Criticism and Illustration of the New Testament new edition (Cambridge, 1833); The State of the Protestant Religion in Germany; in a series of discourses (Cambridge, 1825); Christianity always Progressive (London, 1829); Brief Remarks on the Disposition towards Christianity generated by prevailing Opinions and Pursuits (London, 1830); Eight Sermons preached before the University of Cambridge at Great St. Mary's in the Years 1830 and 1831 (Cambridge, 1831); Notices of the Mosaic Law: with some Account of the Opinions of recent French Writers concerning it (London, 1831); The Gospel an Abiding System. With some remarks on the "New Christianity" of the St Simonians (London, 1832); An Apology for the Study of Divinity: being, the Terminal Divinity Lecture, delivered in Bishop Cosins's Library, ... Durham (London, 1834); The Study of Church History recommended, being the Terminal Divinity Lecture delivered ... April XV, 1834, before the ... University of Durham (J G & F Rivington, London, 1834); contributed leaders to the British Magazine; editor of the Encyclopædia Metropolitana.

Born 1726 in Shrewsbury; educated at Chester free school; studied music under his half-brother, James Burney, 1742-1744, and the composer, Thomas Arne in London, 1744-1748; contributed music to The Masque of Alfred by James Thomson, 1745; published six sonatas for two violins and a bass, 1747; patronised by the MP and diplomat, Fulke Greville after meeting in 1747; appointed organist of St Dionis Backchurch, 1749; elected member of the Royal Society of Musicians, 1749; provided the music to Robin Hood by Moses Mendes, Drury Lane, 1750 and the pantomime of Queen Mab, 1750; following a serious illness took the post of organist at Lyme Regis, 1751-1760; returned to London, 1760; taught music and adapted Jean Rousseau's opera Le Devin de Village, produced as The Cunning Man, Drury Lane, 1766; took the degree of Mus. Doc., Oxford, 1769; also interested in astronomy, publishing An essay towards a history of the principal comets (London, 1769); toured France, Switzerland and Italy in 1770, and Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany in 1772 in order to research A General History of Music, 4 vols (London, 1776-1789); elected a fellow of the Royal Society, 1773; began to collect material for his 'Memoirs' (unpublished, but partly incorporated by his daughter in his biography, published 1832), 1782-[1814]; appointed organist at Chelsea Hospital, 1783; member of the Literary Club, 1784; contributed criticisms to the Monthly Review, [1789]-1793; wrote Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Abate Metastasio, 3 vols (G G and J Robinson, London, 1796); collected material for a 'Dictionary of Music' (uncompleted), 1797-1802; wrote musical biographies for Rees' Encyclopaedia, 1801-[1807]; died 1814 in Chelsea.

The South-Western Polytechnic was opened at Manresa Road, Chelsea, in 1895, to provide scientific and technical education to Londoners. Day and evening classes for men and women comprised study in domestic economy, mathematics, engineering, natural science, art and music. It changed its name to Chelsea Polytechnic in 1922 and taught a growing number of registered students of the University of London, and this relationship was later formally recognised when the Polytechnic, now reconstituted as Chelsea College of Science and Technology, was admitted as a School of the University in 1966. Chelsea was formally incorporated into the University of London in 1971 and merged with King's and Queen Elizabeth College in 1985.

The South-Western Polytechnic was opened at Manresa Road, Chelsea, in 1895, to provide scientific and technical education to Londoners. Day and evening classes for men and women comprised study in domestic economy, mathematics, engineering, natural science, art and music. It changed its name to Chelsea Polytechnic in 1922 and taught a growing number of registered students of the University of London, and this relationship was later formally recognised when the Polytechnic, now reconstituted as Chelsea College of Science and Technology, was admitted as a School of the University in 1966. The renamed Chelsea College was formally incorporated into the University of London in 1971. Chelsea merged with King's and Queen Elizabeth College in 1985. The Registry was responsible for the organisation and audit of academic and educational provision throughout the College, most notably in overseeing examinations and academic assessment, and by way of organising ceremonies and graduations.

In 1969 a proposal for the development of an integrated science scheme for 13 to 16 year old pupils was accepted by the Schools Council and a development grant allocated. The impetus for this Project had been provided by the Nuffield Combined Science Scheme, designed for 11-13 year old pupils. Dr William C Hall and Brian Mowl were appointed to organise and direct the Project, which was based at the Centre for Science Education, Chelsea College. The Project 'brief' was to produce an integrated science course suitable for the top twenty percent of the ability range, leading to a special GCE O-level examination with double certification. The course required about one fifth of the school timetable for a period of three years. The stated overall aims of the SCISP scheme were: to help the pupils develop intellectual skills which would be particularly useful if their careers were science based; to give priority to developing those skills over the teaching of facts; to develop and change pupil attitudes to science, society and their own education; and to encourage pupils to make critical and sceptical analyses of their own work and that of scientists and technologists. Trials of the SCISP scheme began in September 1970 in 21 schools in the London, Birmingham and Northern Ireland regions, the Phase 1 trials schools. On successful application by SCISP for an increase in its grant, 10 more schools were able to join the project from September 1971, the Phase 2 trials schools. During Phases 1 and 2 schools tested trials versions of the SCISP course materials and pupils took examinations for the qualification. In September 1973 the trials period ended and Phase 3, the 'dissemination' phase, began. From that date the final version of the SCISP course was taught in hundreds of schools. For co-ordination of Phase 3, England, Wales and Northern Ireland were divided into 15 areas. A co-ordinator was appointed for each area to organize SCISP schools and liaise with the national project co-ordinator. The SCISP team was aided in administration, management, planning and development of the Project by a consultative committee, consisting mainly of persons involved in science education in universities, colleges, schools, the Department of Education and Science, industry and the Schools Council. The SCISP GCE O-level was administered by the Associated Examining Board for all boards. Successful candidates received two O-level grades, Integrated Science A, which focused on pattern finding, and Integrated Science B, which focused on problem-solving. The double certificates were to stand in lieu of the normal separate science grades. The examination included a teacher-assessed element which was regularly discussed and standardized, and a paper was prepared giving SCISP criteria for the teacher assessment of pupil attitudes and value judgements. The SCISP course was called Patterns. An inventory of 86 patterns and concepts in science (contained in the Teacher's Handbook) formed the basis of the course - the nearest equivalent to a syllabus. The course texts represented one way of teaching those patterns and concepts, and were based on three large-scale organizing patterns used by scientists: buildings blocks, energy, and interactions. Background books were also prepared to provide further, optional, reading to parts of the Patterns texts. 'Trials' versions of the Patterns manuals (for pupils, teachers and technicians) and background books were produced and tested by Phase 1 and 2 trials schools. These schools forwarded comments and criticisms on the texts to the SCISP team. The final revised versions of the Patterns manuals and background books were published in 1973 and 1974, and were used after the trials stage had ended. In the late 1970s work began on the preparation of a new set of SCISP books, Exploring Science. This series was aimed at pupils in the average to lower range of ability. In 1974 and 1975 a Project survey revealed that over three quarters of the participating schools had developed a CSE Mode 3 examination based on the philosophy and structure of SCISP. Further research by SCISP into the extent of, and reasons for, these developments led to the setting up of the SCISP 16+ Working Party in 1977. During the late 1970s and early 1980s the Working Party devised a Mode 3 CSE examination model based on the SCISP O-level, and incorporating a revised Patterns inventory. A report outlining their ideas for an examination model was published in 1979.

Chelsea College became a School of the University of London in 1966. Originally founded in 1891 as the South-Western Polytechnic, later Chelsea Polytechnic (1922), the college became a designated college of advanced technology (as Chelsea College of Science and Technology) in 1957. In 1966 the college became a School of the University of London, and in 1971 the renamed Chelsea College was formally incorporated into the University of London. Following the merger in 1985 with King's College London and Queen Elizabeth College, the personnel functions of all three colleges were integrated in a single department which took responsibility for the staff and reported to the College Secretary.

The South-Western Polytechnic was opened at Manresa Road, Chelsea, in 1895, to provide scientific and technical education to Londoners. Day and evening classes for men and women comprised study in domestic economy, mathematics, engineering, natural science, art and music. The Polytechnic taught a growing number of registered students of the University of London, and this relationship was later formally recognised when the renamed Chelsea College of Science and Technology was admitted as a School of the University in 1966. Government of the College was devolved to the so-called Governing Body, supplemented from its inception in 1961 by an Academic Board reflecting the interests of staff and students. These were renamed the Council and Senate when the College was granted its Royal Charter in 1971. The Registry dealt with student and academic affairs including applications, examinations and assessments, and its functions were combined with those of the Registry at King's following the merger.

The South-Western Polytechnic was opened at Manresa Road, Chelsea, in 1895, to provide scientific and technical education to Londoners. Day and evening classes for men and women comprised study in domestic economy, mathematics, engineering, natural science, art and music. It changed its name to Chelsea Polytechnic in 1922 and provided teaching to a growing number of registered students of the University of London, and this relationship was later formally recognised when the Polytechnic, now reconstituted as Chelsea College of Science and Technology, was admitted as a School of the University in 1966. The renamed Chelsea College was formally incorporated into the University of London in 1971. Chelsea merged with King's and Queen Elizabeth College in 1985. The Registry was responsible for the organisation and audit of academic and educational provision throughout the College, most notably in overseeing examinations and academic assessment, and by way of organising ceremonies and graduations.

The Nuffield Foundation A-level Physical Science course was planned as an alternative to sixth-form physics and chemistry. The exercise was initiated in 1965 under the control of the Nuffield Foundation Science Teaching Project and was organised by Dr John E Spice, Senior Chemistry Master at Winchester College. The first meeting of the Physical Sciences Group with physicists and chemists from the trials schools to discuss the content of the course and form of examination was held in March 1966. Members of the Group, who worked part-time, were responsible for planning and writing the course. The course began in sixteen 'trials schools' (Atlantic College; Bletchley Grammar School; Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School; Cardinal Hinsley Grammar School in Bradford; Christ's Hospital; City of London Girls' School; Cleveland Grammar School in Redcar; Dauntsey's School; Dudley High School; Eastbourne Grammer School; Elizabeth College in Guernsey; Gordonstoun School; Marlborough College; Seaford College in Petworth; Watford Grammar School; and Winchester College) in September 1966 and the first candidates were examined in June 1968.

Born, 1833; commissioned into the Royal Engineers, Gordon was wounded in the Crimea; he demarcated the Russian/Turkish frontiers and served in China from 1860-1865 as Commander of an imperial army; Governor General of the Sudan for the Khedive of Egypt, 1877-1880; sent back to the Sudan in 1884, he was killed when Khartoum fell to the Mahdi's forces, 1885.

Born in 1874; House Surgeon and House Physician at Charing Cross Hospital, London, 1897-1898; entered Indian Medical Service, 1899; Medical Officer 2nd Queen's Own Rajput Light Infantry, 1899-1907; served in China, 1900-1902; Capt, 1902; served in Somaliland Field Force, 1903-1904; Staff Surgeon, Bangalore, 1908-1912; Maj, 1910; served in Balkan War, 1912-1913; Deputy Assistant Director of Medical Services, 1 Indian Cavalry Div, 1914-1916; Medical Officer, 11 King Edward's Own Lancers, 1916-1917; Lt Col, 1918; Assistant Director of Medical Services, Wazaristan Field Force, 1919-1920; Assistant Director of Medical Services, Wana Column, 1920-1921; Assistant Director of Medical Services, Razmak Field Force, 1922-1923; Director of Medical Organisation for War, Army HQ, 1924-1925; Col, 1925; Maj-Gen, 1928; Deputy Director of Medical Services, Eastern Command, 1928-1932; Honorary Surgeon to the King, 1928-1932; died in 1958.

Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1902-1912.

FRGS 1882-1886

Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1913-1962.

Born Aberdeen 1843; educated Dollar Academy and Marischal College Aberdeen; left university prematurely to take up watchmaking apprenticeship aged 17; took up astronomy 1863; visted Pulkovo Observatory, St Petersburg and Germany, 1873; observed Transit of Venus in Mauritius, 1874-1976; visited Ascension to observe Mars, 1876; Her Majesty's Astronomer at Cape of Good Hope, 1879-1907; pioneered photography in astronomy especially from 1882 resulting in the publication of the magnitudes and positions of more than 455,000 stars; organised geodetic survey of South Africa, largely completed by 1897; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1883; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1890-1914; died 1914.

In 1918 the Royal Geographical Society (RGS) put forward to the Secretary of State for India proposals for a preliminary expedition to Mount Everest. Initialy refused, the Tibetan Government finally gave permission for a British expedtion to proceed into Tibet in 1921. The RGS and the Alpine Club formed the Mount Everest Committee to co-ordinate and finance the 1921 British Reconnaissance Expedition to Mount Everest, this included raising funds, selecting expedition personnel, buying stores and equipment, carrying out surveys, arranging transport and communication and organising publicity, lectures and filming and photographing of the expedition. The Mount Everest Committee oversaw the 1921, 1922, 1924, 1933, 1935 and 1938 expeditions to Everest.

In 1947 the Mount Everest Committee was renamed the Joint Himalayan Committee, again composed of members of the Alpine Club and the RGS. The Joint Himalayan Committee was responsible for organising and financing expeditions to Everest in 1951 and 1952 and the first ascent in 1953.

The Mount Everest Foundation was founded after the successful ascent of Everest in 1953, again a joint initiative between the RGS and the Alpine Club, it was initially financed from surplus funds and subsequent royalties of the 1953 expedition, the Foundation was established to encourage 'exploration of the mountain regions of the earth'. Since inception the MEF has dispensed almost £840,000 in grants. The majority go to small expeditions organised by adventurous young men and women. However the Foundation has also supported expeditions to the Earth's highest peaks, fine examples of which were first ascents of and new routes on Everest, Kangchenjunga, Annapurna, Dhaulagiri, Xixabangma, Nuptse, Kongur and the Ogre. In fifty years over 1,500 expeditions have been helped in this way.

Ethel Gertrude Woods was born 1865; educated, Newham College, Cambridge, 1891; research studentship in Munich; science teacher, 1898-1910; worked in the Censorship Department during World War One; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1927-1939; died 1939.

Born, 1904; educated as a scholar at Sedbergh School, -1921; lived with his family for a year in Germany; worked writing travel guides, 1923; wrote for newspapers, especially on birds, and by 1925 was well established; read modern history, Hertford College, Oxford, 1926-1929; set up the Oxford University Exploration Club, and took part in expeditions to Greenland and British Guiana; assistant editor of the Weekend Review, 1929; member of the think-tank Political and Economic Planning (PEP), 1931-; founder of the British Trust for Ornithology, 1933; chairman of the British Trust for Ornithology, 1947-1949; founder member of the Edward Grey Institute in Oxford, 1938; Head of Allocation of Tonnage Division, Ministry of War Transport, 1942-1945; Secretary, Office of The Lord President of the Council, 1945-1952; Member, Advisory Council on Scientific Policy, 1948-1964; Director-General of The Nature Conservancy, 1952-1966; participated in Guy Mountfort's expeditions to the Coto Doñana in 1957 and to Jordan in 1964; Lecturer, University of California, 1964; Convener, Conservation Section, International Biological Programme, 1963-1974; founder of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), 1961; Secretary, Duke of Edinburgh's Study Conference on the Countryside in 1970, 1963; Albright chairman of Land Use Consultants, 1966-1989; chairman of the New Renaissance Group, 1966-; a Director and Managing Editor, Environmental Data Services Ltd, 1978-1980; President, RSPB, 1980-1985; President, Trust for Urban Ecology (formerly Ecological Parks Trust), 1987-1988; President, New Renaissance Gp, 1998-2000; died, 2003.

Publications:

Birds in England (1926)

How Birds Live (1927)

The Art of Bird-Watching (1931)

The System (1967)

The Environmental Revolution (1970)

The Big Change (1973)

Born, 1814; entered the navy, 1826, under his uncle, John Ommanney; passed his examination, 1833; mate in the brig PANTALOON; appointed to the transport COVE (Captain Clark Ross), which was ordered to Baffin's Bay to release a number of whalers caught in the ice, 1835; joined the frigate PIQUE (Captain Henry John Rous), 1836; appointed to the DONEGAL as flag-lieutenant to his uncle, now Sir John Ommanney, commander-in-chief on the Lisbon and Mediterranean stations, 1837; commander, 1840; served on board the steam sloop VESUVIUS in the Mediterranean, 1841-1844; second in command, Franklin search expedition, 1850-1851; Deputy Controller-General of the Coastguard, 1851-1854; commissioned the EURYDICE as senior officer of a small squadron for the White Sea in the Russian War, 1854; appointed to the HAWKE, blockship for the Baltic, and was employed chiefly as senior officer in the Gulf of Riga, 1855; appointed to the BRUNSWICK, going out to the West Indies, 1857, and later the Channel Fleet, 1859; senior officer at Gibraltar from 1862; promoted to flag rank, 1864; retired, 1875; died, 1904.

Expeditions in Persia and Afghanistan, 1828-1829; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1868-1873.

Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, from 1913.

Born, 1875; naval architect in the employment of Harland and Wolff, builders of the Titanic, and gave evidence in the inquiry into its loss, 1912; CBE, 1920; consulting naval architect, Argentine Navigation Company, 1926; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1926-1933; died, 1939.

Born, 1819; entered the navy, 1831; passed his examination, 1838; promoted lieutenant on 29 July 1845, when serving in the steamer HMS GORGON on the South American station; served on the sloop HMS FROLIC in the Pacific, 1845-1847; appointed to the HMS ENTERPRISE (Captain Sir James Clark Ross) for a voyage to the Arctic, 1848; first lieutenant of the HMS ASSISTANCE in the Arctic, 1850-1851; commander of HMS INTREPID part of the Arctic expedition of five ships under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, 1852-1854; commander of the FOX on the search for Sir John Franklin, 1854-1859; commanded the frigate HMS DORIS in the Mediterranean, 1861-1862; commissioned HMS AURORA for service with the channel squadron, 1863; commodore-in-charge at Jamaica, 1865-1868; Admiral-Superintendent of Portsmouth Dockyard, 1872-1877; Commander-in-Chief on the North America and West Indies station, 1879-1882; elected an elder brother of Trinity House, 1884; retired, 1884; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1880-1907; died, 1907.

Unknown

Francis Skead was a surveyor in the Royal Navy. He was Second Master on board HMS ENTERPRISE to search for Franklin and his ships by way of the Bering Strait, 1849-1852; he invented the Skead sounder during telegraph survey operations between Malta and Crete off HMS TARTARUS, 1857 and accompanied David Livingstone to the mouth of the Zambesi, [1859-1861]. For most of his career he appears to have been Government Surveyor at the Cape, South Africa.

Born, 1868; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1898; died, 1953.

Publications: Field analysis of minerals for the prospector, mining engineer, traveller, and student (1915)

Born, 1865; educated at the Oratory School, Edgbaston under Cardinal Newman, 1876-1883 and at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, 1883-1884; commissioned in the 3rd battalion of the Grenadier Guards, 1884; a hunting accident in January left him with a permanent limp which interrupted his career, 1885; home service until 1899; seconded for service with the Chinese regiment of infantry recently formed at Weihaiwei, 1899; touring the provinces of north-east China, 1901; rejoined his battalion in South Africa for the campaigns in the Transvaal and Cape Colony, 1902; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1902-1923; Korea, 1903; temporary military attaché to the British minister at Seoul in Korea, 1904; as military attaché with the Japanese army he witnessed the Manchurian campaign, 1905; military attaché at Peking, 1905-1910; came back to Europe in 1909 and resigned his commission; returned to China and journeyed from Peking through Chihli (Zhili) and Shansi, across the Ordos to Ninghsia, 1910; spent nine months exploring and shooting in the Altai and T'ien Shan, 1911; visited the Kumbun and Labrang monasteries in south-western Kansu before moving south along the upper reaches of the Salween and Mekong rivers and crossing briefly into the Shan states in Burma, he then moved across country to Foochow (Fuzhou) and by steamer to Shanghai, 1912; rejoined the service, 1914; served in France with the 47th London division; commander of the 4th Royal Welch Fusiliers, 1915; commanded the 47th brigade of the 16th division, 1916-1917; commanded the 43rd brigade, 1918; joined General Knox's mission to Admiral Kolchak in Siberia, 1919; returned to China, 1920 to journey to Lhasa; died, 1923.

Born 1883; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1914-1963; qualified as a surveyor, 1911; Second in Command of the Boundary Commission set up by the Bolivian Government to establish the boundary between Bolivia, Peru and Brazil, 1912; took command of the Commission, 1914; government service in Tanzania, 1920; government service in Uganda, his surveys included the Western Ugandan Railway and the Wilson Dam; died 1963.

Born, 1866; educated, Framlington; an Assistant in the British Central Africa Protectorate, 1900-1901; Oriental Secretary to the Legation at Tehran; HM Vice Consul, Tehran, 1903; transferred to Bushire, 1904; to Zanzibar, 1906; to Abidjean, West Africa, 1907; Acting Consul at Lorenzo Marques, 1910; Vice-Consul at Beira, 1910; Consul for the Society Islands, 1912; also a Deputy Commissioner for the Western Pacific, 1912; Acting Consul at Calais, 1916-1919; in charge at Callao, 1919; Consul there, 1919; in charge of the Legation at Lima, 1922 and 1923; Consul General, Chicago, 1923-1928; retired, 1928; died, 1957.

Born, 1810; entered for the East India Company's service and set out for India, 1827; engaged in reorganising the Persian army, 1833-1839; undertook tours in Susiana and Persian Kurdistan; awarded the gold medal of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1839; returned to India and was appointed assistant to Sir W. Macnaughton in Afghanistan; political agent for lower Afghanistan, 1842; political agent of the East India Company in Turkish Arabia, 1843; consul in Baghdad, 1844; Fellow of the RGS 1844-1895; RGS Council Member from 1850; Vice-President of the RGS, 1864, 1871, 1872, 1874, and 1875; Conservative MP for Reigate, 1858; MP for Frome, 1865-1868; member of the newly created Council of India, 1858; minister to Persia; died, 1895.

Born, 1799; one of the founders of the American Geographic Society; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1852-1874; died, 1874.

Born, 1882; educated Exeter School; joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in HMS BRITANNIA, 1898; went to sea as midshipman, 1899 and by 1903, had been promoted to lieutenant; commanded the TERRA NOVA for Robert Falcon Scott's British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-1913; in addition to his duties as navigator, Pennell was responsible for conducting magnetic observations; also assisted Edward Wilson and Dennis Lillie in their studies of birds and whales; discovered and named Oates Land, 1911; promoted to the rank of commander after the expedition, 1913; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1914-1916; appointed to the battle cruiser QUEEN MARY, 1914-1916; lost with his ship at the Battle of Jutland, 1916.

Publications: 'Voyages of the Terra Nova' by Edward Ratcliffe Garth Russell Evans and Harry Lewin Lee Pennell in, Scott's last expedition volume 2 (Smith, Elder & Co. London, 1913).

Born, 1866; educated Dublin and Bournmouth; British Army officer, Lancers, 1888-1897; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1894-1939; travelled in Tibet, 1896-1899; RGS Founders medal, 1900; founder of the Deasy Motor Car Company, 1906; resigned, 1908; died, 1947.

Born, 1899, educated, St Catherine's College, Cambridge; First World War service; schoolteacher, Framlington College, 1921; departmental demonstrator, Cambridge, 1922; University demonstrator, Cambridge, 1924; University Lecturer, 1927; Geographical Section of the Great Barrier Reef expedition led by C M Yonge, 1928; leader of a Great Barrier Reef expedition, 1936; expedition to the coral islands of Jamaica, 1939; Chair of the Department of Geography, Cambridge, 1949-1966; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1918-1987; member of the RGS Council; Vice-President of the RGS, 1959-1963; Victoria Medal, 1960; retired, 1966; died, 1987.

Born, 1783; tutored in Edinburgh; oversaw the family's sugar plantation at Berbice, Guiana, 1799-1811; sailed for India, 1813 where he sketched the scenery of the Himalayas and toured the region seeking the sources of the rivers Jumna and Ganges; crossed India via Delhi and Rajputana to Bombay, sketching and gathering geological information, 1820; travelled from Bombay to London via Bushehr, Shiraz, Esfahan, Tehran, Mashhad, Tabriz, and Tiflis, 1821-1823; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1838-1852; sent by the Foreign Office to report on Russian influence in Persia, 1833-1836; died, 1856.

Publications:

Views in the Himala Mountains

Views of Calcutta and its Environs

Narrative of a Journey into Khorasan in the Years 1821 and 1822 (1825)

Travels and Adventures in the Persian Provinces of the Southern Banks of the Caspian Sea (1826)

The Kuzzilbash, a Tale of Khorasan (1828)

The Persian Adventurer (1830)

The Highland Smugglers (1832)

Tales of the Caravanserai (1833)

Allee Neemro, the Buchtiaree Adventurer (1842)

The Dark Falcon (1844).

Military Memoir of Lieut. Col. James Skinner

John Matthews was gunner's mate on board HMS PLOVER in support of the Franklin search expeditions.

The Royal Geographical Society (RGS) was founded in 1830 as the Royal Geographical Society of London. Its aim was the advancement of Geographical Science. The Society was granted a Royal Charter by Queen Victoria in 1859. In 1995 the RGS merged with the Institute of British Geographers (IBG) to create the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers). Since 1831 the Society has published a Journal, initially containing the principal papers read at the Society's evening meetings and abstracts of Geographical works published elsewhere, it is now a refereed academic publication. The journal has appeared under various titles: Journal of the RGS (JRGS) 1831-1880; Proceedings of the RGS (PRGS) 1857-1878; Proceedings of the RGS (New Series) (PRGS (NS)) 1879-1892; Supplementary Papers (1882-1893); and the Geographical Journal (GJ) 1893 onwards. At first edited by the Secretary of the Society, the preparation and editing of these journals is currently carried out by the Geographical Journal Office.

The Royal Geographical Society (RGS) was founded in 1830 as the Royal Geographical Society of London. Its aim was the advancement of Geographical Science. The Society was granted a Royal Charter by Queen Victoria in 1859. In 1995 the RGS merged with the Institute of British Geographers (IBG) to create the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers). Since 1831 the Society has published a Journal, initially containing the principal papers read at the Society's evening meetings and abstracts of Geographical works published elsewhere: it is now a refereed academic publication. The journal has appeared under various titles: Journal of the RGS (JRGS) 1831-1880; Proceedings of the RGS (PRGS) 1857-1878; Proceedings of the RGS (New Series) (PRGS (NS)) 1879-1892; Supplementary Papers (1882-1893); and the Geographical Journal (GJ) 1893 onwards. At first edited by the Secretary of the Society, the preparation and editing of these journals is currently carried out by the Geographical Journal Office.

Born, 1742; captain's servant under Captain Hyde Parker in the frigate BRILLIANT, 1756; action against the French at St Cast, 1758; followed Parker to the East India station, rejoining him as midshipman in the GRAFTON at Madras, 1760; action off Pondicherry, and visits to Trincomalee, Bombay, and Rodriguez Island; assistant Draughtsman or Surveyor to Alexander Dalrymple, East India Company, on an exploratory voyage to the Sulu islands and China , 1762; Madras, 1763; left the to take command of the UNION; command of the NEPTUNE, first superintending troop disembarkation for the siege of Madura, and then sailing in Feb 1764 under owner's orders to Calcutta; practitioner engineer in the construction of the new citadel at Fort William, Bengal army, 1764; Surveyor-General, 1767; returned to England, 1778; published A Bengal Atlas, 1780; Fellow of the Royal Society 1781; Gold Medal, Royal Society of Literature, 1825; died, 1830.

Born in Leeds, 1811; LRCP, Edinburgh 1860; MRSC, Eng. 1844; LSA, 1839; Surgeon on a Whaling Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, 1839-1843; died, 1879.

Sir Keith Alexander Jackson 2nd Baronet, was of the 4th Light Dragoons. He died in Caubul in 1843. He was married to Amelia née Waddell and their children included Sir Mountstuart Goodricke Jackson, 3rd Baronet (1836-1857) and Sir Keith George Jackson, 4th Baronet (1842-1916).

Born, 1887; military education at Cheltenham and Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; joined the Royal Engineers; joined the Survey of India, 1909; served in First World War; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1911-1976; RGS Cuthbert Peek Grant 1926; RGS Founder's Medal 1927; Chair of Geography, Oxford University, 1932-1953; RGS Council member 1932-1942 and 1952-1954; Acting RGS President, 1937; died, 1976.

Poulett Weatherley was an explorer and big-game hunter who travelled extensively in Mweru and Luapula, Zambia, 1895 and 1900. He was the first European to circumnavigate and survey Lake Bangweulu, Zambia, 1896. He was a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society 1891-1917.

No biographical information available at time of compilation.