The American College of Surgeons was initiated in 1913 by Chicago Surgeon, Franklin Martin, following a series of successful clinical congresses attended by American surgeons in 1911 (Philedelphia) and 1912 (New York). The American College of Surgeons is a scientific and educational association of surgeons that aims to improve the quality of care for the surgical patient by setting high standards for surgical education and practice.
Following the Spanish-American War a treaty (1898) established Cuba as an independent republic, although US military occupation continued until 1902, and subsequently US influence remained strong. US investment in Cuban enterprises increased, and many economic concerns passed to American ownership.
Details of the American Cuban Estates Corporation are not known.
The collection is a microfiche copy of the official transcript of 'American Military Tribunal III in the Matter of the United States of America against Alfried Krupp, et al, defendants, sitting at Nuernberg, Germany, on 31 July 1948, 0900-1630 hours, the Honorable Hu C Anderson presiding'. Following World War Two a number of German industrialists were charged by the American Military Tribunal, US Military Government of Germany, of four major crimes: the planning, preparation, initiation and waging of aggressive war; the plunder and spoliation of occupied territories; crimes involving prisoners of war and slave labour; and a common plan or conspiracy to commit crimes against peace. This collection is a copy of the verdict and final result transcript of the trials of Alfried Felix Alwyn Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, head of Fried. Krupp AG (or the Krupp Concern), a major steelworks, machine, and mining company, and many of his associates and company executives, 1947-1948. The defendants were arraigned on 17 Nov 1947 and closing arguments were made on 30 Jun 1948. The trial involved the oral testimony of 117 witnesses; 1,471 documents admitted as evidence by the prosecution; and 2,829 documents admitted as evidence by the defence. The briefs and final pleas of defence counsel consisted of more than 1,500 pages and counsel for the defendants consumed five days in final arguments.
Born in 1919; educated at Eton College and Balliol College, Oxford; war correspondent in Spanish Civil War, 1938-1939; Attaché, HM Legation, Belgrade, and on special missions in Bulgaria, Turkey, Romania and Middle East, 1939-1940; Sgt, RAF, 1940-1941; commissioned and transferred to Army, 1941; served in Egypt, Palestine and the Adriatic, 1941-1942; liaison officer to Albanian resistance movement, 1944; served on staff of Lt Gen Sir Adrian Carton de Wiart, special military representative with Gen Chiang Kai-shek, 1945; contested Preston in Conservative interest, Jul 1945; Conservative MP for Preston North, 1950-1966, and Brighton Pavilion, 1969-1992; delegate to Consultative Assembly of Council of Europe, 1950-1953 and 1956; member of Round Table Conference on Malta, 1955; Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State and Financial Secretary, War Office, 1957-1958; Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Colonial Office, 1958-1960; Secretary of State for Air, 1960-1962; Minister of Aviation, 1962-1964; Minister of Public Building and Works, 1970; Minister for Housing and Construction, Department of the Environment, 1970-1972; Minister of State, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, 1972-1974; died 1997. Publications: Sons of the eagle (Macmillan and Co, London, 1948); vols 4, 5 and 6 of James Louis Garvin's The life of Joseph Chamberlain (Macmillan and Co, London, 1932-1969); Approach march: a venture in autobiography (Hutchinson, London, 1973); died 3 Sep 1996.
Amey's Brewery Limited were acquired by Whitbread and Company Limited in 1951.
Aleksandr Valentinovich Amfiteatrov (1862-1938) was born in Russia. He became a fairly well known journalist and popular novelist. In 1902 he was exiled for writing a satirical article on the imperial family. He returned, then emigrated to France in 1905. During the First World War Amfiteatrov returned to Russia once more and in 1916 became editor of the nationalist newspaper "Russkaya volya". He left Russia for the last time in 1920 to settle in Italy. In 1927 he joined an anti-Soviet secret Society "Bratstvo Russkoi Pravdy" [Brotherhood of Truth]. He died at Levanto, Italy in 1938.
Margaret Tyssen-Amherst (1835-1919) was the only child of Admiral Robert Mitford (d 1870). She married William Tyssen Amherst in 1856, who was created 1st Baron Amherst of Hackney in 1892. They had six daughters. Her book A Sketch of Egyptian History was published in 1904. She was also a member of the Ladies' Grand Council of the Primrose League. The League was founded in 1883 to commemorate the work of Benjamin Disraeli. Its aim was the maintenance of religion, the monarchy, the constitution, the unity of the commonwealth and the improvement of the condition of the people.
The Amicable Debating Society was established on 25 August 1843. It met at the Poulterers Arms, Freemans Court, Cheapside.
Andrew Amos, lawyer and professor of law, was born in India in 1791. He attended Eton and Trinity College Cambridge. He was called to the bar by the Middle Temple and joined the Midland circuit, where he soon acquired a reputation for legal expertise, and his personal character secured him a large arbitration practice. When University College London was founded, Amos became the first Professor of English Law. Between 1829 and 1837 his lectures were very popular and well attended. He was appointed a member of the Criminal Law Commission in 1834. In 1837 he went to India as 'fourth member' of the governor-general's council, in succession to Lord Macaulay. Returning to England in 1843, he became one of the newly established county-court judges. In 1849 he was elected Downing Professor of Laws at Cambridge. He died in 1860. Many of the lectures Amos gave at University College London were published in the Legal Examiner and Law Chronicle.
The Ampthill Square Garden Committee was set up in 1856 to enable "the inhabitants... to take the measures necessary for the maintenance and management of the ornamental garden in Ampthill Square". Since the Square was located in the Parish of Saint Pancras close to and on part of the site now occupied by Euston Station, much of the committees' time was taken up with opposing Bills put forward by the London and North Western Railway Company for development of the land.
Anchor Taverns Limited was set up by Barclay Perkins in the 1920s as a catering arm, in part to improve management of less salubrious public houses. It was incorporated in 1938 as a subsidiary of Courage, Barclay and Simonds Ltd, and integrated with H and G Simonds' Hotel and Catering Department to form Anchor Hotels and Taverns Ltd, 1961.
The Ancient Order of Foresters was founded in 1834 although it originated as the Royal Foresters in the previous century. The order is a friendly society devoted to assisting members in need. It expanded rapidly and reached Canada, the United States, South Africa, the West Indies, Australia and New Zealand: "courts" were branches. The primary court was in Leeds. The Foresters Friendly Society continues its work to this day.
The Ancient Society of College Youths is a bell-ringing society, though little is known for certain of its history. It was founded in 1637, and appears to have been based at first at St Martin Vintry, in the City of London, and to have taken its name from the college founded in the fifteenth century in College Hill nearby.
It is thought to have been based subsequently at St Bride Fleet Street, at St Martin in the Fields (from 1735), at St Saviour Southwark (from 1849) and at St Paul's Cathedral (from 1878), though it rang peals throughout London and the home counties.
The Society appears to have drawn its members from the ranks of the aristocracy and well-to-do professional classes. This much is apparent from the "Name books" or registers of members (Ms 21656).
Adelaide Mary Anderson (1863-1936) was the daughter of Alexander Gavin Anderson, a Scottish ship-owner, and Blanche Emily Campbell. She was born in Melbourne, Australia but her family returned to Europe when she was a child. She was educated by a governess at home and then at a school in Dresden, at Queen's College in Harley Street and Girton College, Cambridge where she studied for the Moral Sciences Tripos. She was a lecturer for the Women's Co-operative Guild and was offering private tuition when, in 1892, she joined the staff of the Royal Commission on Labour and became a civil servant. This subsequently led to her appointment in 1894 as one of the first women factory inspectors in the Home Office. She was HM Chief Lady Inspector of Factories from 1897-1921, where her work encompassed many aspects of the employment of women and young persons, including industrial health and safety, the dangerous trades, working hours and conditions and welfare. After her retirement from the Home Office, she continued her interest in working conditions for women and children, becoming particularly interested in conditions in China. She visited China three times. In 1923-1924 she became a member of the Commission on Child Labour under the auspices of the Municipal Council of the International Settlement of Shanghai. In 1926 she was a member of the Advisory Committee China Indemnity of the Foreign Office (Willingdon Mission) and of the delegation to China, and in 1931 served on a mission for the International Labour Office to Nanking, regarding a factory inspectorate for China. She worked for the Foreign Office on the Boxer Indemnity Fund. She was also a member of the Universities China Committee in London, 1932-1937. In 1930 she also visited Egypt to enquire into conditions of child labour. In addition, she travelled to South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Anderson wrote and lectured widely and her publications include Women in the Factory: An Administrative Adventure, 1893-1921 (1922) and Humanity and Labour in China: An Industrial Visit and its Sequel, 1923-1926 (1928).
Donald Drysdale Anderson was a Medical Officer of Health on the West African Medical Staff in the early 1930s. He disappears from the Medical Directory and the Medical Register in 1935. He served in Mauritius and Mexico as well as Nigeria. This report was undertaken on the basis of rumours that certain towns on the Oyo and Abeokuta Provinces of Nigeria were endemic centres of yellow fever, to estimate the cost of sanitating these towns with a view to eradicating this disease. In the Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene for 1931, Anderson published an article 'On mosquito-borne disease in South Nigeria', presumably based on these same investigations.
A pioneer of women's rights in medicine and of the suffrage movement, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson achieved an impressive list of 'firsts'. She was the first woman to obtain a medical qualification in Britain, founder of the first hospital staffed by women doctors, the first woman Dean of a medical school and Britain's first woman Mayor. Elizabeth became the first woman doctor to qualify in Britain when she passed the examination of the Society of Apothecaries in 1865. The Society tried to prevent her admission to the examination, but found it could not legally exclude her. Embarrassed at having to pass a woman, the examiners conferred after the examination and agreed it was a mercy they did not have to arrange the pass list in order of merit, as Elizabeth would have been first, and as soon as Elizabeth had qualified, the Society amended its charter to exclude women. In 1866, Elizabeth began medical work among the poor women and children of Marylebone, London, and this led to the founding of the New Hospital for Women. The hospital was renamed the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital after the death of its founder in 1917.
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was Dean of the London School of Medicine for Women for twenty years (1883-1903) and, during this time, the School was rebuilt and became recognised as part of the University of London. Elizabeth also consolidated the association between the School and the Royal Free Hospital and in 1896, the School was renamed the London (Royal Free Hospital) School of Medicine for Women. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was Mayor of her home town of Aldeburgh for two years. During her term in office she carried out many social improvements, including the introduction of a water supply and paving the streets. However, she was not re-elected in 1910 because of her prominence in women's suffrage. Her prominence was such that when Mrs Pankhurst presented a deputation to the Prime Minister, she chose Elizabeth Garrett Anderson to accompany her. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson died in 1917, almost unnoticed by a world caught up in war.
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917), the daughter of Newson Garrett and Louise Dunnell, was born in Whitechapel, London in 1836, one of twelve children. From 1851 to 1853 she was educated in Blackheath but while visiting Northumberland in 1854, Elizabeth met Emily Davies who would remain a friend and supporter for the rest of her life. Five years later Garrett met Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman in the United States to qualify as a doctor, influencing the former to enter the field of medicine. Attempts to enter several medical schools failed; instead Garrett became a nurse at Middlesex Hospital though her efforts to attend lectures for the male doctors failed. However, it came to light that the Society of Apothecaries did not specify that females were banned from taking their examinations and in 1865 Garrett sat and passed their examination before establishing a medical practice in London. That same year, she joined Emily Davies, Dorothea Beale and Francis Mary Buss to form the Kensington Society and in 1866 signed their petition for women's enfranchisement. In 1866 Garrett created a women's dispensary and four years later was appointed visiting physician to the East London Hospital where she met James Anderson, the man who was to become her husband in Feb 1871. Though she later graduated from the University of Paris, the British Medical Register refused to recognise her MD degree.
Over the next few years she became the first woman elected to serve on a school board in England, the mother of three children, opened the women-run New Hospital for Women in London with Elizabeth Blackwell and helped Sophia Jex-Blake to establish the London Medical School for Women to which Garrett Anderson was elected Dean of the London School of in 1884. Though she was never on the executives of any of the major suffrage societies, she did chair meetings and was a member first of the Central Committee of the National Society for Women's Suffrage and then later of the London Society for Women's Suffrage. On her retirement she moved to Aldeburgh, Suffolk, and became mayor herself, following her husband's death, in 1908. Subsequently, she returned to suffrage politics, but left the National Union of Suffrage Societies, which her sister Millicent Fawcett dominated, and became active in the militant Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) until 1911 when she objected to their arson campaign. Garrett Anderson and Skelton had one son, Alan Garrett Anderson (1877-1952), and two daughters, Margaret, who died of meningitis in 1875, and Louisa Garrett Anderson (1873-1943). Alan followed his father to become a public servant and shipowner, whilst Louisa went on to become a distinguished doctor herself and active suffragette. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson died on 17 Dec 1917.
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917), the daughter of Newson Garrett and Louise Dunnell, was born in Whitechapel, London in 1836, one of twelve children. From 1851 to 1853 she was educated in Blackheath but while visiting Northumberland in 1854, Elizabeth met Emily Davies who would remain a friend and supporter for the rest of her life. Five years later Garrett met Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman in the United States to qualify as a doctor, influencing the former to enter the field of medicine. Attempts to enter several medical schools failed; instead Garrett became a nurse at Middlesex Hospital though her efforts to attend lectures for the male doctors failed. However, it came to light that the Society of Apothecaries did not specify that females were banned from taking their examinations and in 1865 Garrett sat and passed their examination before establishing a medical practice in London. That same year, she joined Emily Davies, Dorothea Beale and Francis Mary Buss to form the Kensington Society and in 1866 signed their petition for women's enfranchisement. In 1866 Garrett created a women's dispensary and four years later was appointed visiting physician to the East London Hospital where she met James Anderson, the man who was to become her husband in Feb 1871. Though she later graduated from the University of Paris, the British Medical Register refused to recognise her MD degree. Over the next few years she became the first woman elected to serve on a school board in England, the mother of three children, opened the women-run New Hospital for Women in London with Elizabeth Blackwell and helped Sophia Jex-Blake to establish the London Medical School for Women to which Garrett Anderson was elected Dean of the London School of in 1884. Though she was never on the executives of any of the major suffrage societies, she did chair meetings and was a member first of the Central Committee of the National Society for Women's Suffrage and then later of the London Society for Women's Suffrage. On her retirement she moved to Aldeburgh, Suffolk, and became mayor herself, following her husband's death, in 1908. Subsequently, she returned to suffrage politics, but left the National Union of Suffrage Societies, which her sister Millicent Fawcett dominated, and became active in the militant Women's Social & Political Union (WSPU) until 1911 when she objected to their arson campaign. Garrett Anderson and Skelton had one son, Alan Garrett Anderson (1877-1952), and two daughters, Margaret, who died of meningitis in 1875, and Louisa Garrett Anderson (1873-1943). Alan followed his father to become a public servant and shipowner, whilst Louisa went on to become a distinguished doctor herself and active suffragette. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson died on 17 Dec 1917.
James Norman Dalrymple Anderson was born on 29 September 1908. He was educated at St. Lawrence College, Ramsgate and later attended Trinity College, Cambridge, where he obtained the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1930 and Bachelor of Laws in 1931. He went to Egypt in 1932, where he spent eight years as a missionary and later studied Arabic at the American University in Cairo. In 1939 he served with the guerrillas in the British Army, and in 1940 was made Arab liaison officer for the Libyan Arab Force. In 1945 he became Political Officer for Sanusi Affairs, and later Secretary for Arab Affairs in the Civil Affairs branch of GHQ Middle East. He was awarded the MBE in 1943 and the OBE in 1945.
In 1946 he attended the Foreign Ministers Conference as Adviser to Mr. Ernest Bevin, then Foreign Secretary, on the future of former Italian Colonies in the Middle East. He lectured on Islamic law in the Law Schools at Cambridge for three years, and thereafter moved to the School of Oriental and African Studies where he lectured from 1947 to 1971. He was the Professor of Oriental Laws in the University of London between 1954 and 1975. From 1949 to 1950, he spent six months on study leave in the Middle East (Egypt, Sudan, Lebanon, Syria and Iraq) as part of a special study of modern developments in Islamic law. In 1950 he spent three months in East Africa (including Aden and Hadramaut) and in 1951, three months in West Africa making a Survey for the Colonial Office regarding the application of Islamic law in British African possessions.
He wrote and published several books and articles on Islamic Law in Eastern Africa, and on Islamic law and marriage and divorce in the Middle East. Anderson also wrote extensively on Christianity and comparative religion and was the first Chairman of the House of Laity, General Synod from 1970 to 1979. He was also Anglican delegate to the World Council of Churches.
Louisa Garrett Anderson (1873-1943) was the daughter of James Skelton and Elizabeth Garrett Anderson. She had one brother, Alan Garrett Anderson, and a sister, Margaret, who died of meningitis in 1875. She was educated at St Leonard's School (May 1888-Apr 1891) and later Bedford College (1890-1893). In 1892 she entered the London School of Medicine for Women, and qualified with a MB in 1897, and BS in 1898. In 1900 she gained her MD. Louisa did a postgraduate year at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore in 1902. As well as becoming established as a doctor Louisa was politically active, taking a keen interest in suffrage activities, like many of her family. She was a member of: the London Society for Women's Suffrage; the London Graduates' Union for Women's Suffrage (where she chaired the inaugural meeting); the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU); the United Suffragists (Vice-President); and the National Political League.On 4 Mar 1912 Anderson smashed a window in Rutland Gate in protest at a speech made by an anti-suffragist Cabinet minister. She was arrested and sent to Holloway Prison for 6 weeks with hard labour (later reduced to one month by direct intervention of the Home Office).
Louisa founded the Women's Hospital for Children, 688 Harrow Road, with Dr Flora Murray, in 1912. Murray was a former student of the London School of Medicine for Women, also an active supporter of the WSPU, and it is likely that the two women met in the course of their suffrage work. Louisa was also on the staff at the New Hospital for Women as an assistant surgeon.In Aug 1914, together with Flora Murray, Louisa founded the Women's Hospital Corps, under the auspices of the French Red Cross. Louisa was the Chief Surgeon. The two women established a hospital in the Hotel Claridge in Paris, which ran from Sep 1914 to Jan 1915. In Nov 1914 they were asked to open a second hospital at Wimereux, under the Royal Army Medicine Corps (RAMC), which also ran until early 1915. They were then offered hospital premises in London, so closed both hospitals in France and returned to England. The Endell Street Military Hospital, the first hospital in the UK established expressly for men by women, ran from May 1915 until Dec 1919, and during that time treated over 26,000 patients, 24,000 of them male. The hospital has been largely forgotten today, partly because of its relatively small size, and partly because of its anomalous position as a women-run institution in a largely hostile RAMC. The best source of the activities of the Women's Hospital Corps in World War One is the account by Flora Murray, published in 1920: Women as Army Surgeons: being the history of the Women's Hospital Corps in Paris, Wimereux and Endell Street, Sep 1914-Oct 1919 (London: Hodder and Stoughton). In 1917 Murray and Anderson were awarded the CBE for their war work.Flora Murray was Louisa Garrett Anderson's close friend and companion from about 1910 until Murray's death in 1923. They jointly owned a house, Paul End, at Penn in Buckinghamshire. Before meeting Murray, Anderson had had a close relationship with the suffragist Evelyn Sharp - there are a few passionate letters from Anderson in the Evelyn Sharp Papers in the Bodleian Library. In her diary, Evelyn Sharp describes how she wrote an obituary of Anderson, published in the Manchester Guardian (a copy is in the Women's Library Biographical Press Cuttings collection). After the war the two women continued to work at their hospital in the Harrow Road until forced to close it because of lack of funds in 1921. They then retired to the country.
Murray had a brief illness in 1923 and was diagnosed with rectal carcinoma. She had a series of operations at the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital and died at a nursing home in Belsize Park in 1923. Anderson continued to live at Penn. She was a magistrate, and remained interested in women's issues. When war broke out she let her house and came to London to stay with Louie Brook, former Secretary of the London School of Medicine for Women, in Russell Square. She was given a place on the surgical staff at the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital. In 1943 she was found to have disseminated malignant disease, and was taken to a nursing home in Brighton, where she died on 15 Nov 1943. Louisa was cremated at Brighton and her ashes scattered there, but her family arranged for an inscription commemorating her friendship and work with Flora Murray to be placed on the latter's tombstone in the churchyard at Holy Trinity, Penn.
Mary Irene Anderson (more generally known by her middle name of Irene) was born in Scotland and was educated at the Girls' High School in Doncaster and Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, where she studied geography, graduating in 1941. She worked as Geography Mistress at Kirkby Stephen Grammar school, Westmorland, 1941-1944. Wishing to work as a missionary, Miss Anderson then underwent two years of training at the Church of Scotland Women's Missionary College in Edinburgh from 1944-1946, followed by a short period running the Church of Scotland Club for Fishergirls, until December 1947. In March 1948 she then moved to the Gold Coast and took a post as Geography Mistress at Achimota School, remaining there until 1953 when she was appointed Headmistress of the Aburi Girls' Secondary School, a Scottish Mission Girls' School, where she stayed until her retirement in 1970.
Roger Charles Anderson (1883-1976), was a founder member of the Society for Nautical Research and, from its foundation until 1962, a Trustee of the Museum and Chairman of Trustees from 1959 to 1962. He was a frequent contributor to The Mariner's Mirror, of which he was editor for several periods and the author of numerous publications on maritime subjects.
Born 1900; Indian Army, 1919; Adjutant and Quarter Master, Small Arms School India, 1930-1931; second in command of 1 Battalion, 14 Punjab Regiment, 12 Dec 1941-9 Jan 1942; killed in Malaya, 1942.
William Charles Anderson was born 24 August 1897. In the early 1920s he worked as a cotton estate manager for Magunda estates in British Nyasaland on cotton plantations at Mbewe and Gonda.
See J. Day, Bristol brass: the history of the industry (Newton Abbot, 1973).
Born 1902; educated at Ermysted's School, Skipton-in-Craven, Yorkshire and St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London; commissioned into the Royal Army Medical Corps, 1927; Capt, 1929; service on North West Frontier, India, 1930-1931; Maj, 1936; served in World War Two in Tunisia and Italy, 1939-1945; temporary Lt Col, 1940; temporary Col, 1943; awarded OBE, 1944; Lt Col, 1945; Assistant Director of Medical Services, 1 Div, Italy, 1945; Col, 1949; Deputy Director of Medical Services, Hong Kong, 1950; served in Korean War, 1950-1953; retired 1952; Commandant, Star and Garter Home for Disabled Sailors, Soldiers and Airmen, Richmond, Surrey, 1953-1967; died 1981.
Andouille is described as 'Maître-Chirurgien juré et Démonstrateur Royal de St. Cosme'. The author is called 'celeberriums Chirurgus' by Haller (cf. Bibliotheca Chirurgica, Vol. II, p. 384): he was a 'Premier Chirurgien du Roy' in 1742.
Andre De Coppet (d 1953) was of Huguenot descent and was a prominent figure on the New York Stock Exchange. Andre De Coppet (1892-1953) was an American broker and collector of Americana. He was born in New York in 1892 to Edward J. and Pauline De Coppet. A 1915 graduate of Princeton University, he inherited a position in the family stock exchange firm of De Coppet and Doremus after the death of his father in 1916. In 1920 he wed Clara Barclay Onativia in New York. In the mid-1920s he took an interest in Haiti and invested in a sisal plantation there. Through the 1920s and 1930s, De Coppet amassed a significant collection of European and American manuscripts. The intention behind his collection was to bring together original documents illustrating the history of Europe from the twelfth century onwards. His particular interest was cultural history.
The Andrew Shonfield Association was set up in 1987 in memory of Sir Andrew Akiba Shonfield (1917-1981), in order to 'perpetuate and develop that particular search for understanding in the political and social fields which characterised his work, with its emphasis on ideas about the mixed economy, individual and collective action, markets and the state: and the thinking about policy to which these lead'. The original Steering Committee consisted of Bernard Cazes, William Diebold, Ron Dore, Professor Jean Paul Samuel Fitoussi, Wolfgang Hager, Sir Arthur Knight, Arrigo Levi and John Pinder. The Association was wound up in 1994.
Sir Christopher Howard Andrewes born 1896; Deputy Director, National Institute of Medical Research, 1952-1961; died 1989.
Sir Frederick William Andrewes (1859-1932) was appointed pathologist to St. Bartholomew's Hospital in 1897.
Barbara Andrews (née Campbell) (1829-), was the wife of Canon Andrews of St. Peters Cathedral, Adelaide Australia. Barbara emigrated to Australia in the 1840s.
Charles William Andrews (1866-1924), a 2nd class assistant in the Department of Geology, was given special leave by the Museum Trustees to visit Christmas Island, in the Indian Ocean. The Island had been annexed by the Crown in 1888, the year after a visit by Captain Pelham Aldrich in HMS Egeria, and it was leased to the Christmas Island Phosphate Company for commercial development in 1897. Sir John Murray, one of the directors of the Company, proposed and financed an expedition to study the island in advance of its commercial exploitation. Andrews left England in May 1897, and arrived on Christmas Island on 29 July. He remained on the island for ten months, studying the geology and collecting rocks and minerals, plants and animals. He spent one month on the Cocos-Keeling atoll on his way home, and finally returned to duty at the Museum in August 1898. Andrews' collections were worked on by a number of scientists at the Museum, including R Bowdler Sharpe (birds), G A Boulenger (reptiles), A G Butler, G F Hampson and Lord Walsingham (butterflies and moths) and W F Kirby (other insect groups). The results of their work was published in 1900, along with a geological report by Andrews himself, as a Museum monograph.
Born Comber, Co Down, 10 Aug 1904; educated Bedford School and Royal College of Music, London; doctorates of music at Trinity College, Dublin, and New College, Oxford; organist and choirmaster, Beverley Minster, 1934-1938; appointed organist, New College, Oxford, 1938; remainder of career spent at Oxford, as a lecturer in music and subsequently Fellow of New College and Balliol, and also taught at the RCM.; died Oxford, 10 Oct 1965. Selected publications: The Oxford Harmony, vol 2 (Oxford University Press, London, 1950); An Introduction to the Technique of Palestrina (Novello and Co, London, 1958); The Technique of Byrd's Vocal Polyphony (Oxford University Press, London, 1966); articles on early polyphonic music, particularly of William Byrd.
Kristian Andrews is an animation graduate from UCA Farnham, who obtained his MA at the Royal College of Art (2008). he has won international recognition for his films, including the Silver Dove at Doc Liepzig in 2008.
The artwork is from Rabbit Punch, an autobiographical film on Kristian's life growing up, which was his MA graduate film.
Michael Corbert Andrews was born in ninetenth century Belfast; studied medieval and early modern maps; worked as a linen manufacturer in Belfast and became a keen historian of early maps and placenames. Andrews was a member of many learned societies; joined the Royal Geographical Society in 1919, becoming a generous donator to its collections of photographs of important maps, and was Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society 1919-1934. Andrews died in 1934.
(Andrews). Born in Southampton, 1914; educated at the University of Southampton; Open Foundation Scholar, University College Southampton, 1931-1934; British Association Exhibitioner, 1934; Assistant Lecturer in Economics, University College Southampton, 1935-1936; Worker, Education Association (Southern District), 1936-1937; Research Staff, Social Studies Research Group, Oxford, 1937-1941; Lecturer in Economics, New College, Oxford University, 1941-1948; Chief of Statistics, Social Reconstruction Survey, 1941-1946, and Fellow, 1946-1967, Nuffield College, Oxford University; first Bley Stein Memorial Lecturer, University of California, USA, 1963; Special University Lecturer in Economics, Lancaster University, 1967-1971; General Editor, Journal of Industrial Economics, 1952-1971, and member of the Editorial Board, Oxford Economic Papers, 1948-1952; died 1971.
No information available for Elizabeth Brunner at present.
Publications: (Andrews and Brunner) Capital Development in Steel: a study of the United Steel Companies Ltd (Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1951); The Life of Lord Nuffield: a study in enterprise and benevolence (Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1955); The Eagle Ironworks Oxford: the story of W. Lucy and Company Limited (Mills & Boon, 1965); Studies in pricing (Macmillan, London, 1975); (Andrews and Frank Adzley Friday) Fair Trade: resale price maintenance re-examined (Macmillan & Co, London; St. Martin's Press, New York, 1960); (Andrews) Manufacturing business (Gregg Revivals, Aldershot, 1994); (Brunner) Holiday Making and the Holiday Trades (Oxford University Press, London, 1945).
Born, 1813; Education: Belfast Royal Academy; studied under Thomas Thomson (FRS 1811) at Glasgow and under Jean Baptiste Andre Dumas (For Mem RS 1840) and L J Thenard (For Mem 1824) in Paris; Trinity College, Dublin studying classics and science; Edinburgh, MD (Edinburgh); Career: Practised medicine, Belfast (1836-); Professor of Chemistry, Royal Belfast Academic Institution; gave up practice (1845); first Professor of Chemistry, Queen's College, Belfast (1845-1879); Vice-President of Queen's College, Belfast (1845); MRCSE; MRIA (1849); Fellow of the Royal Society (1849); President of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (1867); FRSE (1870) President, British Association (1874); declined a knighthood (1880); died, 1885.
Born, 1847; succeeded his father as Ironmaster, Wortley Iron Works; practised as a consulting metallurgical engineer and metallurgical chemist; FRSE; FCS; AICE; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1888; died, 1907.
Born 1937; Anthony Angel studied physiology at University College, London, and went on to teach the subject at the University of Sheffield, where he was appointed Professor.
The most prominent member of the Angerstein family was John Julius Angerstein (c 1732-1823). John Julius was apparently from a Russian family, although his precise origins were unclear. A family story maintained that he was the son of Empress Anne and a merchant Andrew Poulett Thompson, and that the name Angerstein came from the doctor who delivered him. He came to England aged 15 and worked in the counting-house of Andrew Poulett Thompson. By 1770 Angerstein was established as a broker, with an office in Cornhill. He worked in a succession of partnerships until his retirement in 1810, by which time he was handling 200 accounts.
Angerstein was among those who subscribed to the 1771 fund to find premises for a new Lloyd's Coffee House and in 1773 negotiated with the Gresham committee for the lease of rooms in the Royal Exchange. He served on the Lloyd's Committee from 1786 to 1796, and in 1810 represented those doing business at Lloyd's at the select committee on marine insurance. Angerstein's interests extended beyond Lloyd's and he was chairman of 5 subscription funds, as well as having varied private philanthropic interests.
Angerstein lived at 103 Pall Mall and Woodlands, Blackheath, built for him in 1774. He accumulated a notable private art collection and was an active patron of contemporary artists and writers, particularly Sir Thomas Lawrence who painted his portrait. Angerstein died in 1823. 38 paintings from his collection, by artists including Titian, Claude, Raphael, Rembrandt, Rubens, Velazquez and Van Dyck, were acquired by the government and formed the basis of the National Gallery collection.
He was married twice, first to Anne Muilman who had two children, John and Juliana. Anne died in 1783 and John Julius married Eliza Payne, who died in 1800. John Angerstein devoted much time to developing the Woodlands estates, and was elected MP for Greenwich in 1835.
Information from: Sarah Palmer, 'Angerstein, John Julius (c 1732-1823)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008.
The Eastern Churches Association was founded in April 1864 with the aims to inform the British public as to the state and position of the Eastern Christians, to make known the doctrines and principles of the Anglican Church to the Christians in the East, and to take advantage of all opportunities for intercommunion with the Orthodox Church and friendly intercourse with the other ancient Churches of the East, and to assist as far as possible the Bishops of the Orthodox Church in their efforts to promote the spiritual welfare and the education of their flocks. This committee issued sixteen Occasional Papers between 1864-1874. After 1874, the Association languished owing to the death of its leading members and was practically refounded in 1893 when the Committee for the Defence of Church Principles in Palestine was united with it. By 1914, the Association had only 56 members.
Anglican and Eastern [Orthodox] Churches Union (AEOCU) was founded in 1906, by Rev Henry Joy Fynes-Clinton (1875-1959), in concert with the Rev F R Borough, in order by practical effort to promote mutual sympathy, understanding and intercourse, and to promote and encourage actions furthering Reunion.
Their activities were chiefly educational, including promotion of lectures on re-union and the Eastern Churches, the hire of sets of lantern slides illustrative of the churches, rites, ornaments etc of the Orthodox Churches, and production of leaflets for distribution by members. They also published a journal titled Eirene, and established a small lending library. A branch of the Union was founded in the United States of America in 1908. By 1914 the Union had approximately 2000 members in Britain. Fynes-Clinton was General Secretary of the AEOCU (and its successor) from 1906-1920, when he was appointed Secretary to the Archbishop of Canterbury's Eastern Church Committee.
Anglican and Eastern Churches Association was formed by the amalgamation in 1914 of the Eastern Church Association with the Anglican and Eastern Orthodox Churches Union. The stated purpose of this organisation was to unite members of he Anglican and Eastern Orthodox Churches for the object of promoting mutual knowledge, sympathy and intercourse between the Churches, praying and working for re-union, and encouraging the study of Eastern Christendom. It was funded by subscription, though has since benefited from a bequest of £17000 received in 1974.
This association consisted of members who supported the Association by subscription. Administered by a General Committee, comprising two presidents - one Anglican and one an Eastern-Orthodox, two Vice-Presidents in England, one of each denomination, Branch Presidents, Treasurer and ex-officio General Secretary with 22 other members.
One area of particular interest to the Association was the continued use of the Cathedral of St Sophia in Constantinople (Istanbul) as an Islamic mosque. The St Sophia Redemption Committee was formed [1914-1919] in order to arouse the English church to assist in liberating Eastern Christians from Turkish oppression. This committee comprised representatives of a number of denominations, with Fynes-Clinton as one of the secretaries, and were involved in the circulation of literature circulated, meetings held, to no avail.
The Association also had periods of increased activity following WW1 and WW2 as it attempt to ascertain the state of the various branches of the Eastern Orthodox church effected by the fighting and in particular the whereabouts of church leaders in countries where the churches were oppressed by enemy occupation or unfriendly governments.
The association was also involved with the Serbian Church Students' Aid Council, which was formed for the support of the theological education of a number of Serbian students at Oxford around 1919.
The Anglican chaplaincy at Christ the King not only served the University of London but also other institutions such as City Polytechnic, City University, and Brunel University. In October 1963, Robert Stopford, the Bishop of London celebrated the Eucharist at Christ the King church in Gordon Square. In so doing, the Bishop began a new era in the church as the base for Anglican student life in London. The University of London Anglican Chaplaincy decided to cease holding its weekly service at Christ the King in July 1992.
The Anglican Group for the Ordination of Women (1930-1978) began after a call for evidence on women and the ministry went out as in the run up to the Lambeth Conference of Anglican Bishops in 1930. Its immediate stated aim was: 1) to give effect to the injunction of the Archbishop of Canterbury that the church should be provided with material "which would compel the serious consideration of [the ordination of women] in a manner worthy of its importance" and 2) to provide opportunities of contact for women who believe themselves called to the ministry. However, the working group's evidence was rejected by the Conference. Consequently, the ad hoc group was re-established as an ongoing organisation from 1931. Their subsequent aims, as outlined in 1935, were: 1) To uphold the Christian principle of spiritual equality between men and women; 2) to draw attention to the growing need for the admission of women to the [...] ministry of the Church and 3) to bring together and support those women who believe themselves to be called to holy orders. At this point, as throughout its existence, the group was solely concerned with the ordination of women in the Church of England, although later they would work with other non-denominational groups such as the Society for the Ministry of Women in the Church. Membership of the organisation was open to all baptised Anglicans over the age of 18 and it was financed by donation rather than by subscription. Business and policy making was in the hands of the Annual General Meeting, where the annual report was received and officers and the Executive Committee elected (the first annual meeting was held Mar 1933). The group held intermittent public meetings throughout the 1930s and went into complete abeyance during the Second World War. The first post-war AGM was held in 1946 but the organisation's impetus had dissipated and only three general meetings were held between 1949 and 1957. During the early part of the Fifties, the organisation abstained from any activity that might create a debate on the issue of the ordination of women in the Church of England, confining their work to research and education. However, the outcome of this, in 1955, was the submission of a report that recommended that women should be allowed to conduct statutory services (though not communion). The church once more rejected this in May 1956 and this rejection led to a resurgence of activity, as the group began to publicise its existence through letters to the Times newspaper. The following year the constitution was changed once again. This time its objectives were 1) to secure ordination of women to all orders of the Church of England; 2) promote equality between men and women in the offices and the affairs of the Anglican Church; 3) assist women in theological study and 4) to undertake all lawful activities to promote the previous points. Throughout the 1960s their efforts were concentrated on raising awareness of the issue in the media through contacts with the press and publications of titles such as Women's Work in the Church of England. However, the organisation was finally would up in the mid-1970s.
Anglo Malay Rubber Company: This company was registered in 1905 to acquire the Linsum and Siliau, Terentang and Gadut, Ayer Silolo, Ayer Angat, Batang Kali and Ulu Yam estates in Negri Sembilan and Selangor in Malaya. It was re-registered in 1920 in England. In 1952 it was acquired by Pataling Rubber Estates Limited (CLC/B/112-124).
The bank was established in 1899 as the Anglo-African Bank Limited and changed its name in 1905 to the Bank of Nigeria Limited. It was an overseas bank, operating in Nigeria and the French Ivory Coast. Its head office was in Norfolk Street, Strand. It was taken over by the Bank of British West Africa in 1912.
The Corporation was founded in 1890. The offices were in 17 Lombard St 1891; 75 Lombard St 1892-1905; 20 Birchin Lane 1906-22; 3 Bank Buildings, Lothbury 1923; and 320 Gresham House, Old Broad St 1924-54. In 1960 it merged with other investment trusts to form the Anglo-American Securities Corporation.
Livestock have historically been an important feature of Argentina's economy, and the establishment of refrigerating plants for meat stimulated the expansion of trade. Britain was among the prime consumers of Argentine products and a substantial investor in the development of infrastructure.
Details of the Anglo-Argentine Refrigerating Company Ltd are not known.
Unknown.