Gaetano Donizetti was born on 29 November 1797 in Bergamo, modern day Italy. His first successful opera was Enrico di Borgogia, which appeared in Venice in 1818. Between 1818-1830 Donizetti composed 33 operas. Donizetti also composed operas in Paris and Vienna. In 1842 Emperor Ferdinand I appointed Donizetti the official composer to the Emperor. Donizetti's most important works include, Anna Bolena 1830, Lucia di Lammermoor 1835 and The Elixir of Love 1832. He died in Bergamo on 8 April 1848.
Charles Lahr was born Karl Lahr in 1885 at Wendlesheim in the Rhineland Palatinate, Germany. During his teenage years he became first a Buddhist and later an anarchist. In 1905, to escape conscription into the German army, he left Germany for London. On arriving in London he worked as a baker and expressed his political involvement by joining and frequenting anarchist clubs. By 1914 Lahr had taken work as a razor grinder and had joined the British Section of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). He began to accumulate books at around this time as he moved from residence to residence in the Kings Cross area of London. He also let rooms to people he met through his political activities. Designated an enemy alien, Lahr was interned in Alexandra Palace in London from 1915 to 1919. After the war Lahr returned to his trade and continued his involvement with the IWW, where he met his future wife, Esther Archer, whom he married in 1922. Lahr and Archer both joined the Communist party in 1920, but left in 1921. It was during this brief membership that the Lahr met and became friends with Liam O'Flaherty. In 1921 Lahr took over the Progressive Bookshop at 68 Red Lion Square, Holborn. The bookshop became a centre for new writers and political activists from around the world, and specialised in the sale of radical literature and first editions. The Lahrs' first moves into publishing came in when K. S. Bhat recommended the editors of the New Coterie to take the magazine to the Lahrs. From 1925 onwards Lahr started publishing items on his own account, often using his wife's maiden name to counter anti-German prejudice. During 1925 to 1927 these took the form of offprints from New Coterie, and then articles within the magazine itself. In the publishing world he was in close contact with writers such as D. H. Lawrence, T. F. Powys, James Hanley, A.S.J. Tessimond, Liam O' Flaherty, Paul Selver, Russell Green, George Woodcock, Rhys Davies and several others. The New Coterie ran until 1927, and in 1930 Lahr launched his Blue Moon Booklets and a year later the Blue Moon Press. However, by 1933 Lahr was having financial problems. In 1935 his difficulties came to a head when he was found guilty of receiving stolen books and was sentenced to six months imprisonment. However, after his release he continued his publishing activities although on a much reduced scale. The bookshop continued to be a focus for radicals and revolutionaries.The bookshop in Holborn was bombed in May 1941. Lahr moved the bookshop to several locations in central London before finally moving it to the headquarters of the Independent Labour Party at 197 Kings Cross Road, London. Charles Lahr died in London in 1971.
References:R. M. Fox, 'Lahr's Bookshop' in Smoky Crusade, Hogarth Press, 1938, pp. 180-188.D. Goodway, 'Charles Lahr: Anarchist, Bookseller' in London Magazine, Jun-Jul 1977, pp. 47-55.
Hanley, James (1901-1985), novelist and playwright, was born in Dublin in 1901, the son of Edward Hanley, a ship's stoker. The only school Hanley attended was St Alexandra's Roman Catholic primary school, near his home. At the age of twelve he left school and joined the merchant navy, serving in a submarine during the First World War. Three years later he jumped ship at New Brunswick to enlist in the Canadian Black Watch and eventually saw action in France. Invalided out of the army suffering from the effects of gas, he returned to the sea, working as a stoker on troop carriers, which he featured in some of his novels. He continued to educate himself, mainly by reading Russian literature, and having come ashore in the late 1920s earned a precarious living in a variety of jobs in docks, on the railway, and for a while at Aintree racecourse. Many of his early stories were published in the Liverpool Echo, the editor of which, E. Hope Prince, became his mentor.
Hanley's first novel, 'Drift' (1930), and his first volume of stories, 'The German Prisoner' (1930), were published shortly before his move to Wales, where he settled first at Glan Ceirw, Ty-nant, near Corwen in Merioneth, and then, in the autumn of 1941, at Bodynfoel Lodge and Tan-y-ffridd in the village of Llanfechain, Montgomeryshire. His second novel, 'Boy' (1932), was originally published in an edition of 145 copies for subscribers only. An expurgated trade edition followed, but when in 1934 it was issued in a cheap edition, copies were seized by the police and the book was successfully prosecuted for obscenity. The publisher was fined £400 and copies of the book were burnt. Hanley forbade republication of the novel during his lifetime and it was not reissued until 1990.
The first of Hanley's novels about the Furys, a Liverpool Irish family, appeared in 1935 and a volume of autobiography, 'Broken Water', in 1937. On the outbreak of the Second World War he found work with the BBC and later with the Ministry of Information, but his home remained in Llanfechain until 1963, when he and his wife moved to London. During the war he wrote three novels of the sea which are among his best work: Hollow Sea (1938), The Ocean (1941), and Sailor's Song (1943). He also wrote the autobiographical No Directions (1943). Many of his stories and radio plays were broadcast on the BBC Third Programme during the 1940s. During his long residence in Wales, Hanley wrote four books: a collection of essays, Don Quixote Drowned (1953), and the novels The Welsh Sonata (1954), Another World (1971), and A Kingdom (1978). His 'Selected Stories' appeared in 1947 and 'Collected Stories' in 1953. Hanley of bronchial pneumonia died in November 1985.
The Academic Council was created by the Statutes of 13 February 1900 to provide advice on the 'Internal' side of the University's activities. The Council was composed of 16 Senators representing Faculties (2 each), plus the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Chairman of Convocation, together with other Senators sufficient to make the number up to 20.
The Academic Council had an advisory role only, on such matters as: the assignment of funds for the erection or extension of buildings or equipment in the University or Schools of the University; the appointment of Professors, Assistant Professors, Readers or Lecturers of the University and generally upon any matter relating to the Internal Students.
The Academic Council's role was revised by the Hilton Young reforms (named after Hilton Young, who produced the Hilton Young Report 1926), embodied in the Statutes of 23 July 1928. These reforms allocated executive functions to the Council in the following areas previously exercised by the Senate:
The constitution and personnel of Faculties, Boards of Studies and the regulation and co-ordination of their work.
The admission or retention of public educational institutions as Schools.
The establishment or abolition of posts of Professors, Readers and Lecturers of the University and the duties, tenure, remuneration and conditions of service, retirement and superannuation which shall apply to persons appointed to such posts.
The recognition of teachers.
The establishment of degrees, diplomas and certificates of proficiency for Internal Students
The regulation of courses of study for Internal Students.
The recognition of courses of study for Associate Students.
The regulation, conduct and superintendence of examinations for Internal Students and the appointment of Examiners for such examinations.
The conditions under which the Higher School Examination of the University may be accepted in whole or in part, as equivalent of the Intermediate Examination for internal Students.
Such other matters as the Senate may prescribe.
The Academic Council lost its role in giving advice on the assignment of funds for building and equipment. This role was taken over by the Court in 1928. The 1928 reforms also enlarged the Academic Council to include: 2 ex officio members (Vice-Chancellor and Principal- these were already in the AC from 1900 as in para 1), 17 Senators representing the Faculties and 9 other Senators.
With the exception of an amendment of 1951 on account of the creation of G.C.E. examinations, the Statutes concerning the Academic Council remained unchanged until the 'Saunders reforms' (named after the chairman of the Committee on Academic Organisation Sir Owen Saunders) of 1966. Under these changes the Faculty Boards were abolished (replaced by Academic Advisory Boards), the membership of the Boards of Studies was extended to include all tenured Teachers in Schools and the programme of School-sponsored degrees was extended.
The Statutes of 17 December 1980 brought about further changes to the Academic Council. The composition has been enlarged to consist of the Vice-Chancellor, the Principal, the forty members of the Senate elected by the teachers, the ten members of the Senate to be co-opted from the Recognised Teachers, and other persons exceeding nine in number annually appointed to the Senate.
From the session 1984/85 the Council for External Students was retitled, 'the Committee for External Students' of the Academic Council, while the Council for Extra -Mural Studies became the 'Committee for Extra Mural Studies. The University Entrance Requirements Committee became a committee directly constituted by the Senate. These new committees reported to the Academic Council.
The Athlone Press was founded in 1948 as the University of London publishing house. It was sold to the Bemrose Corporation in 1979.
The British Postgraduate Medical Federation (BPMF) was established by the Senate of the University of London in April 1945, was granted incorporation by Royal Charter in March 1947 and was admitted as a school of the University in December 1947. The Royal Charter stated that the BPMF would "provide opportunity for the advancement in general medicine or in any of the special branches thereof and by arranging lectures and demonstrations or otherwise promote the investigation of disease".
The BPMF was established as a result of the Goodenough report (1944), which recommended the reorganisation of the British Postgraduate Medical School at Hammersmith and its reconstitution as a federal organisation. The first Director of the Federation, Sir Francis Fraser, was instrumental in taking forward the Goodenough report's recommendation that the federation should constitute a series of institutes in each of the principal special subjects of medicine, based on a leading teaching hospital. The Federation included medical research institutes such as the Institute of Cancer Research, Institute of Child Health, Institute of Dental Surgery, National Heart and Lung Institute, Institute of Neurology, Institute of Ophthalmology and Institute of Psychiatry.
The Tomlinson report (1992) recommended that the institutes supervised by the BPMF should instead be attached to the multi-faculty Colleges within the University of London. As a result, the BPMF ceased operations on 31st July 1996.
In 1852 Thomas Brown bequeathed a sum of money to the University for founding, ' an Institution for investigating, studying and endeavouring to cure maladies, distempers and injuries, any Quadrupeds or Birds useful to man may be found subject to.' The Senate allowed funds from the bequest to accumulate for nineteen years and in 1871 with a total sum of £33, 800 built the Brown Institution in Battersea.
The management of the Institution was under the control of a committee, which was responsible to the Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Fellows of the University of London. The Committee of Management consisted of the Vice-Chancellor, not less than six members of the Senate, 'medical men'. The Committee was required to frame bye-laws, rules and regulations, govern the finances for the maintenance of the Institution, regulate the conditions of reception of the animals and the purchase of diseased animals for the promotion of science. The business of the institution was under the direction and control of the superintendent and was conducted in two departments, the Hospital and the Laboratory.
In the Hospital, where sick animals were treated, the Superintendent had the aid of a qualified veterinary surgeon. In the Laboratory research on animal diseases, animal physiology, surgical procedures and animal nutrition was conducted under the direction of the Superintendent. Scientific investigations were also undertaken for public bodies and institutions. These included The Royal Society, The Local Government Board and The Veterinary Department of the Army. Under the terms of Thomas Brown's Will the Professor Superintendent was obliged to give at least five lectures a year in English free to the public.
At the outbreak of the Second World War the hospital was closed owing to the departure of the Veterinary Assistant for the Army. In 1940 and 1943 the Institution sustained bomb damage. Further damage was incurred in February 1944 by flying bombs. The final destruction of the buildings occurred on 20 July 1944. This marked the end of the Institution's working life. After the War, the London County Council made a compulsory purchase order for the site where the Institution stood and in 1953 paid the University of London £4 700 for it. By that time it had been decided not to rebuild the Institution.
After twenty-five years of legal wrangling it was decided that the Trust Fund should be divided into two and it was shared between the University of London and Trinity College, Dublin. The income from the London share was used to maintain a Fellowship in veterinary pathology at the Royal Veterinary College.
The University of London Careers Advisory Service began with the establishment in 1909 of the University of London Appointments Board. Following the merger with the Commerce Degree Bureau in 1922 it became known as the University of London Commerce Degree Bureau and Appointments Board. In 1938 it became a separate body again. In 1970 its title was changed to the University of London Careers Advisory Board.
The University of London Children's Outing Group was organised to arrange summer and winter outings for children in care in London's children's homes and to offer support and assistance to children and their families. The group also undertook various fund raising activities to raise money for the group and other organisations offering care and support to children.
College Hall was opened in 1882 in Byng Place to provide accommodation for the rising numbers of female students at the University of London in general and University College London in particular. Classes were open to women at University College from 1870 and at the London School of Medicine for Women from 1874. Among the eminent founders of College Hall were: Miss Leigh Brown, Sir Edward and Lady Busk, Professor Carey Foster, Professor Alfred J. Church, Miss Eleanor Grove, Lady Lockyer, Professor Henry Morley, Miss Anna Swanwick and Mrs. Stephen Winkworth. The hall at first occupied one house on Byng Place but later grew to occupy three which the residents affectionately named, Byng'. The success of the hall led to the granting of its incorporation in 1886 under the title College Hall London. It was recognised as a Hall of Residence for Women Students by the Senate of the University of London in 1910 (S.M. 3045 of 15, June 1910). 400 students had resided in the Hall between 1882 and 1912 including 160 from the Slade School of Art. The aims of the Hall in 1912, were to provide accommodation for women undertaking serious academic work. Hardship funds and were also available in 1912 forailing residents', as well as scholarships and exhibitions. The money to support these funds came from a number of charitable trusts set up through bequests. There was also a `Country Cottage' - a weekend retreat. The Council in 1913 comprised the provost of University College and W.P Kerr, Professor of English Language and Literature at University College London from 1889.
By 1912 it was necessary to rebuild the hall. Initial funding for the hall had come from the founders and their friends. In 1912, it is recorded that no grant had been received from the General Maintenance Fund of the University of London. The buildings at that date were held on a sub-lease from the Coward Trustees who were then tenants of the Bedford Estate. Both the sub-lease of College Hall and the main lease held by Coward Trustees terminated in June 1923. With this in mind, the Council secured an option to purchase the site for £7,500 and from Coward Trustees, an option to purchase the rest of the lease for £3,195. The money was secured for the freehold of the site, in large part due to a bequest from the first Vice-Principal, Miss Morrison. A studio, library, dining-room, common-rooms and a gymnasium were intended for inclusion in the project. Funds, however, were not available for the improvements needed to the buildings.
In 1931, however, it was recognised that the Byng Place site was insufficiently large for the proposed plans for a new hall. The Council therefore acquired from the Duke of Bedford, a 99 years' building lease on a site in Malet Street. £35,000 was sought for the construction of the new hall, after the sale of Byng Place. The new hall opened on Malet Street in 1932. College Hall also owned premises on Gower Street that were leased to other institutions (including the Ministry of Works in January 1941). College Hall was leased to the Victoria League on 12 December 1939 for use as the King George and Queen Elizabeth Club for men from armed forces oversees. However, the building sustained serious damage from enemy air attack on the night of 17 April 1941. 20-30 lives were lost and the building was rendered uninhabitable. College Hall's status as a company ceased as of 1 August 1965. From that date, the Senate of the University of London assumed responsibility for the running of the hall while the Court of the University took over its assets and liabilities (reference: SM 5191 of 14 July 1965).
In December 1965, it was agreed that the Charitable Trusts of College Hall be transferred to the Collegiate Council of the University (reference: SM 1887 of 15 December 1965 and SM 5928 of 19 July 1967) (see Appendix 1 for a list of charitable trust associated with College Hall). The Court made an interim grant of £34,736 available for the acquisition of College Hall in 1966 (reference: SM 4982 of 15 June 1966). The Court made further grants of £51,180, £77,250 and £6883 available for the rehabilitation of College Hall following its transfer to the University (reference: SM 877 of 19 October 1966, SM 2072 of 14 December 1966 and SM 2524 of 25 January 1967). Today, College Hall provides accommodation for 250 women students in 115 single and 66 double study-bedrooms.
Following the publication in 1971 of the report of the Committee on Library Resources- an ad hoc body charged with investigating the problems of library provision within the University of London- the Senate set up in 1973 a Library Resources Co-ordinating Committee with responsibility for the administration and development of the University's central library services, including the University Library, the Extra Mural Library and the Depository Library, and for promoting the co-ordination and rationalisation of library activity in the University as a whole.
The work of the LRCC was carried out by a co-ordinating staff under the Director of Central Library Services, who was also Goldsmith's Librarian of the University Library, with offices in the University Library. The LRCC organised an extensive programme of automation: the Union List of Serials, the Shared Cataloguing System includes ten libraries and produces a Union Catalogue of Current Acquisitions containing 267 000 general records and 335 000 local records. The Central Book Fund makes grants to libraries for developing their special collections. The Central Information Service carried out research and development on computerised information storage and retrieval systems and provided training courses.
The University of London Contingent of the Officer's Training Corps is administered by the Military Education Committee. The OTC was created in 1909 by R B Haldane as part of the army reforms he effected as Secretary of State for War.
The role of the OTC is to train undergraduates for commissioned service in the regular army, the Territorial Army and Combined Cadet Force. The Corps is an integral part of the Territorial Army.
The Contingent is organised into sub units of the following armed services: Royal Artillery, Royal Engineers, Royal Signals, Infantry, Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, Intelligence Corp and Women's Royal Army Corp.
The University of London Medical Graduates Society was founded in 1928 following an inaugural private meeting in September 1927. Its purpose was chiefly social and the stated objects of the Society were:
to bring medical graduates of the University of London into closer relationship with their University and with one another;to keep in touch with overseas medical graduates of the University;to promote the interests of the University and its medical members.
The Society did not meet during the Second World War and an attempt to revive it in 1946 failed when most of the nominated officers were unable to serve.
In 1926 Mr. J G Wilson offered to the University a 24-inch Reflector Telescope. Certain schools of the University undertook for a specified period to contribute to the maintenance of an University Observatory, and the Senate accepted Mr. Wilson's offer and made a capital grant from general funds of £5000 for the building and the establishment of the Observatory. The University Observatory was opened in 1929 and was situated in Mill Hill Park. From 1951 University College London has administered the Observatory.
The establishment of an Organisation and Methods Unit was proposed to the Senate on 24 February 1965 by the Finance and General Purposes Committee, following its consideration of a note by the Principal. It was initially intended to serve the work of the University's central administration in Senate House and was directly responsible to the Principal. The staff of the computer and systems analysis section of the School Examinations Department formed the nucleus of the new unit.
The Senate extended the scope of the Unit, in 1967 to cover investigations requested by individual Schools of the University. On 1 April 1967 the Unit became a separate Department reporting through the Clerk of the Senate with terms of reference emphasising its role in the introduction and maintenance of administrative computing. On 1 August 1969 the staff and equipment of the Senate House computer installation were transferred from the School Examinations Department to the Organisation and Methods Department and it took the title 'Organisation and Methods Department. On 24 February 1971 its title was changed to Management Systems Department.
By 1977 the organisation and methods work of the Management Systems Department was dwarfed by its other responsibilities and when the Department was incorporated in the new Department of Accounting and Administrative Computing the OMU was separated and placed under the direct control of the Principal. It was transferred to the Establishments Division of the Department of Administration and Services on 1 February 1979 and following a general reorganisation of the central administration to the Personnel and Administration Division of the Senate Department on 1 August 1982. After this time staff who left the Unit were not replaced and following the retirement of the last remaining member of staff, it was closed in 1989.
No information was available at the time of this entry
The University of London Staff Association was founded in 1937 and for many years concentrated largely on social activities. With the expansion of the University it was necessary to set up a Consultative Committee to act as a means of communication between the University authorities and the staff. The Staff Association and the Consultative Committee merged in 1968 to become the University of London Administrative Staff Association.
No information was discovered at the time of compilation.
The University of London Computer Centre was set up in 1968 following the University's acceptance of a Government report on how to facilitate the computing needs of universities. The aim of ULCC was to offer a service to all universities in Britain but most of its resources were devoted to thirteen universities in the south of England and to institutions of the University of London.
Born, Croydon, 1874; educated at the Whitgift Grammar School, City and Guilds College, London; Salter's Research Fellow, 1894-1898; Chief Manufacturing Chemist to Burroughs, Wellcome and Co, 1898-1914; Director and Chief Chemist, Boots Pure Drug Co, 1914-1919; CBE, 1920; Fellow of Imperial College; Chairman, British Drug Houses, Limited; President, Society of Chemical Industry and Association of British Chemical Manufacturers; died, 1969.
Publications: include: The Alkaloids of Ergot with George Barger (1907, [1910]); Organic Medicinal Chemicals, synthetic and natural with Marmaduke Barrowcliff (Baillière & Co, London, 1921); Post-Graduate Training in Industrial Chemistry An address ... reprinted from the Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry (Lamley & Co, London, 1921).
Born 22 April 1917, educated at Deacon's School Peterborough; studied physics at St Catherine's College, Cambridge, began Ph.D at Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge studies halted to joined wartime Air Defence Research and Development Establishment at Christchurch, Hampshire, later Malvern, Worcestershire. During this period he worked on radar systems, developing an interest in pulse-type electronic techniques. Projects included the use of delay lines to cancel out interference of stationary `clutter' in radar signals, to distinguish a moving target, and subsequently the use of binary digital transducers in electro-mechanical servo systems.
After a period with Powell Duffryn Research Laboratories, 1946-1947, as Chief Physicist Elliott joined Elliott Brothers research Laboratories as Head of the Computing Division. In his curriculum vitae he listed the achievements of this period as shaft-encoding systems, computer-controlled gunnery (axis conversion, data reduction, prediction), analogue and digital computing systems, storage in magnetostriction delay lines in the 401' computer. The401' prototype was built with the support of the National Research Development Corporation. Completed in April 1953 it was exhibited the same month at the Physical Society Exhibition. It gave many years of good service at the Rothamstead Experimental Station and is now housed in the Science Museum London.
In 1953 Elliott moved to Ferranti Ltd. Here the listed achievements are the initiation of the Digital Systems Department (control systems on naval vessels) and the `Pegasus' Computer. Interest in the original Pegasus computer in 1956 led to IBM making him an offer to set up and run a new research laboratory in Britain, Hursley Park, Winchester. For this period Elliott's curriculum vitae highlighted: participation in establishing research missions for European laboratories, collaboration with Nordic Laboratory n process control in paper and other industries, collaboration with parent US division on control projects and specification of 1720 control computer, introduction to IBM of microprogram control (used in 360 computers) and the provision of special computer instrumentation for Latina nuclear power station.
After his experience with three companies in the computer industry he returned to academia. He was appointed 1962 - 1965 in the Cambridge University Mathematical Laboratory as Co-ordinator of the Titan (Atlas 2) Project. This was a joint project with Ferranti Ltd and was based in part on work at Manchester on the Atlas computer. Its object was to provide a computer service for the university, and under Elliot's guidance was brought in on schedule and within a tight budget. In January 1966 he was appointed Assistant Director of Research in the Cambridge University Engineering Department and the Mathematical Laboratory. In October 1966 he moved to Imperial College London as Professor of Computing. Here he promoted CAD work and became principal investigator of two Science Research Council grants and a Ministry of Technology contract, using common equipment for CAD work. Computer courses were an important part of Elliott's work in London, for example, a course for computer design to M.Sc. Control students at Imperial and a course on CAD and graphics as part of the London University B.Sc. (Eng) and M.Sc. in Computing Science The move to Imperial did not end Elliott's Cambridge connexions and for the period 1972 - 1975 he was seconded part time as Visitor to Control Group, Cambridge University Engineering Department, to assist with their research. From the early 1970s Elliott, with a number of colleagues as Graphical Software Ltd, was increasing involved in consultancy work, for example, detailed software development and overall systems design of interactive graphic facilities for CAD in real-world use.
In recognition of his distinction in computer engineering he was elected to the Fellowship of Engineering (Royal Academy of Engineering) in 1979. He was also a Fellow of the Institution of Electrical Engineering, of the Institute of Physics and of the British Computer Society. He died on 3 May 2003.
Born, 1913; educated at Westmount High School; Queen's University, Canada; metallurgist with Canadian goldmining companies, 1936-1941; Royal Canadian Air Force navigator, 1941-1946, Flight Lieutenant, 1943; Lecturer, 1946-1951, Senior Lecturer, 1951-1958, Reader, 1958-1961, Professor of Mineral Technology, 1961, Head of Department of Mining and Mineral Technology, 1967-1974, Royal School of Mines (Imperial College); Dean, 1968-1971, Pro-Rector, 1974-1979, Imperial College; Head of Department of Mineral Resources Engineering, 1979-1980, Royal School of Mines (Imperial College); mineral processing consultant to governments, mining companies, 1946-; Chairman, Mineral Processing Committee, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research and Ministry of Technology, 1959-1966; Chairman, Advisory Panel, British Coal Utilization Research Association, 1961-1966; member, Committee on Overseas Geology and Mining, 1962-1963; Chairman, Advisory Panel, British Coal Utilization Research Association, 1961-1966; member, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Council, 1962-1983, Vice-President, 1968-1971, President, 1971-1972; British representative, Scientific Committee, International Mineral Processing Congress, 1963-1982, Chairman, 1973-1975; Honorary Associate, Royal School of Mines, 1966; Governor, Imperial College, 1968-1980; member, Council of Mining and Metallurgy Institutions, 1969-, Vice-Chairman, 1971-1976, Chairman, 1976-; Court of Governors, Camborne School of Mines, 1971-1982; member, Committee on Mineral Planning Control, Department of the Environment, 1972-1975; Chemicals and Minerals Requirements Board, Department of Industry, 1972-1975; Council of Mining and Metallurgy Institutions, 1969-, Vice-Chairman, 1971-1976, Chairman, 1976-; Professor Emeritus, 1980; Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Gold Medal, 1981; Fellow of Imperial College, 1982; died, 1982.
Publications: include: Mineral Technology-Progress and Problems (London, [1962]) [Imperial College of Science and Technology Inaugural Lecture]; Identification of Mineral Grains with Meurig Powell Ones (Elsevier Publishing Co, Amsterdam, 1965).
Born Blackburn, Lancashire, 1924; educated at Bishop Gore Grammar School, Swansea; read physics and electronics at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge; joined the Anglo-Canadian Atomic Energy Project in Canada, at the University of Montreal, 1944, and Chalk River, Ontario, 1945; joined the Nuclear Physics Division of the Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell, 1946; working on the measurement of the thermal cross-section of tritium and devising a method of measuring the photodisintegration of the deuteron; transferred to the Theoretical Physics Division at Harwell, 1948, undertaking work on nuclear reactions; conducted research at the Department of Mathematical Physics, University of Birmingham, 1950-1952, working largely on problems of nuclear structure relating to the nuclear shell model, in collaboration with AR Edmonds; awarded a DSc by the University of Birmingham, 1953; Head of the Theoretical Physics Division at Harwell, 1952; Chief Research Scientist, 1958; Professor of Theoretical Physics, University of Manchester, 1958; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1961; Langworthy Professor of Physics and Head of Department, 1961-1972; member of the Advisory Council on Scientific Policy, 1962-1964, and Council for Scientific Policy, 1965-1967; Chairman of the Computer Board for Universities and Research Councils, 1966-1970; knighted, 1969; Chairman of the Science Research Council (SRC), 1967-1975, ensuring United Kingdom participation in the 300 GeV project at CERN and the SRC's establishment and development of the Engineering Board; Rector of Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, 1973-1985; President of the Institute of Physics, 1972-1974, and the European Science Foundation, 1974-1980; Chairman of the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, 1973-1976, and the Standing Commission on Energy and the Environment, 1978-1981; life peer (Baron Flowers of Queen's Gate in the City of Westminster), 1979; founder member of the Social Democratic Party, 1981; front bench spokesman on issues relating to science, education, energy and the environment until 1989; Chairman of the Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals, 1983-1985; Vice-Chancellor of the University of London, 1985-1990; Chairman of the Nuffield Foundation, 1987-1998; Chairman of the House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology, 1989-1993; President of the Parliamentary and Scientific Committee, 1993-1997; Chancellor of the University of Manchester, 1994.
Publications: On the Fast Neutron Cross Sections, etc, (Harwell, 1949); Properties of Matter, (Wiley, Chichester,1970), with Eric Mendoza; An Introduction to Numerical Methods in C++, 1995; various articles for scientific periodicals.
Born, Glasgow, 1858; educated at Liverpool College; Trinity College Cambridge; Fellow of Trinity College, 1881-1910; Professor of Mathematics, University College, Liverpool, 1882-1883; Lecturer and Assistant Tutor, Trinity College Cambridge; Lecturer in Mathematics, Cambridge University 1884-1895; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1886; member of the Council, Senate of Cambridge University, 1890-1910; member of the Council, Royal Society, 1893-1895; Sadlerian Professor of Pure Mathematics, Cambridge, 1895-1910; Royal Medallist, 1897; President, Section A of the British Association (Toronto), 1897, (South Africa), 1905; President of the Mathematical Association, 1903-1904, 1936; member, Treasury Committee on the Scottish Universities, 1909; Professor of Mathematics, Imperial College, 1913-1923; Emeritus Professor, Imperial College; died, 1942.
Publications: include: A treatise on differential equations (Macmillan & Co, London, Cambridge printed, 1885); Theory of Differential Equations 6 vol (University Press, Cambridge, 1890-1906); Theory of Functions of a Complex Variable (University Press, Cambridge, 1893); Lectures on the Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces (University Press, Cambridge, 1912); Calculus of Variations (University Press, Cambridge, 1927); Geometry of Four Dimensions 2 vol (University Press, Cambridge, 1930); Intrinsic Geometry of Ideal Space 2 vol (Macmillan & Co, London, 1935).
Born 1903; educated at Imperial College, 1920-1923; Beit Fellow, Imperial College,1923; Lecturer in Zoology, Imperial College, 1926-1937, Reader, 1937-1964 and Professor of Zoology, 1964-1970, Imperial College, London; active in government service during the Second World War; Chief Rodent Officer, Ministry of Food, 1941-1945; Chairman, Advisory Committee, Infestation Control Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1965-1974; Chairman, Farm Animals Welfare Committee, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1967-1974; Secretary-General of the International Congress of Zoology, 1959; died, 1974.
Publications: Practical Zoology. Instructions for dissection and preparation of elementary types of animals (Hutchinson, London, [1935]); XVth International Congress of Zoology, London 16-23 July 1958. Proceedings, edited jointly with N D Riley [London, 1958]; Grey Seals (Sunday Times, [London, 1962]).
Born, Gospel Oak, London, 1868; educated at Finsbury Technical College, Mechanical Engineering Department, Central Institution (later City and Guilds College), 1885; Associateship of the City and Guilds Institute, 1887; Manager of the Engine and Electrical Department at the Newton Heath Iron Works, Heenan and Froude Ltd, 1888; Manager of the Birmingham branch of Heenan and Froude, 1889; Manager of the Refined Bicarbonate and Crystal Department, Messrs Brunner Mond and Company, Northwich, Cheshire, 1891; Fellow of the City and Guilds Institute, 1893; started practice as a consulting engineer, 1901; patented the 'Humphrey Pump', 1906; worked for the Admiralty, 1914; elected member of the Royal Institution, 1914; Technical Adviser, Department of Explosive Supplies, Ministry of Munitions, 1915; Technical Adviser and Chief Engineer, Munitions Inventions Department, Ministry of Munitions, 1917; Director and Consulting Engineer to Synthetic Ammonia and Nitrates Limited, 1919; Consulting Engineer to Imperial Chemical Industries, 1926-1931; Fellow of Imperial College, 1932; Melchett medal of the Institute of Fuel, 1939; died, South Africa, 1951.
Publications: Papers on large gas engines, gas producers and similar subjects.
Born, 1854; studied Chemistry at evening classes at the Birkbeck Institute, [1871-1872]; gave evening classes in organic chemistry, Birkbeck Institute; student, Demonstrator in Chemistry, Royal College of Science and Imperial College, [1875]-1914; Secretary of the Royal Photographic Society; member of the Council of the Institute of Chemistry; fellow of the London and Berlin Chemical Societies; fellow of the Physical Society of London.
Publications: include:Text-Book of Practical Organic Chemistry for elementary students (1881); An Introduction to the science and practice of Photography third edition (Iliffe, Sons & Sturmey, London, [1900]).
Governor of Imperial College, 1907-1937, appointed by the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy; instrumental in setting up the Royal School of Mines Advisory Board.
Born, 1837; educated at Winchester; St John's College Oxford; member of the Royal Commission of 1851; Knighted, 1893; Permanent Secretary to the Treasury, 1894-1903; GCB, 1901; Governor, Imperial College, 1907-1919; died, 1919.
Born, 1858; studied at the Universities of Aberdeen and Edinburgh; Assistant Professor of Natural Philosophy, University of Aberdeen, 1880-1881; Science Master, Gordon's College, Aberdeen, 1882-1886; Principal, Heriot-Watt College, Edinburgh, 1886-1900; Professor of Applied Physics, 1887-1890; Director, Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art, 1900-1903; Principal Assistant Secretary (Technology and Higher Education in Science and Art), Board of Education, 1903-1910; Governor, Imperial College, 1907-1930; Secretary, Board of Education, for the Science Museum and Geological Survey, 1910-1920; Director, Science Museum, 1911-1920; Principal Assistant Secretary, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, 1920-1922; member, Senate of the University of London, 1925-1929; Chairman, Geological Survey Board, 1920-1930; member, Exhibition of 1851, 1909-1930, President, Museums Association, 1927-1928; died, 1930.
Born, Nottingham, 1817; educated at private school, Southampton; studied medicine in Paris, 1834-1836, and Edinburgh University, graduated, 1838; physician, Queen's Hospital, Birmingham, 1839; studied metallurgy at local metallurgical works; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1847; invented process for extracting silver; lecturer in metallurgy, later Professor, Government School of Mines and Science Applied to the Arts (later Royal School of Mines), 1851-1879; member, Council of the Royal Society, 1857-1859; lecturer in metallurgy, Woolwich, [1864]-1889; superintendent of ventilation for the Houses of Parliament, 1865; member, Secretary for War's commissions on the application of iron for defensive purposes, 1861, 'Gibraltar' shields, 1867; member, royal commissions on coal, 1871, spontaneous combustion of coal in ships, 1875; Bessemer medal of the Iron and Steel Institute, 1876; President, Iron and Steel Institute, 1885-1886; Millar prize of the Institute of Civil Engineers, 1887; Albert medal of the Society of Arts, 1889; died, 1889.
Publications: include: An experimental inquiry concerning the presence of alcohol in the ventricles of the brain after poisoning by that liquid (Hamilton, Adams & Co, London, 1839); The Metallurgical Treatment and assaying of gold ores (1853); Metallurgy. The art of extracting metals from their ores, and adapting them to various purposes of manufacture 5 vol (London, 1861-1880); The Manufacture of Russian Sheet-Iron (London, 1871); Address to the Iron and Steel Institute May 12, 1886 (Ballantyne, Hanson & Co, Edinburgh, [1886]).
Born, London,1849; President, Architectural Association, 1884; President, Royal Institute of British Architects, 1902-1904; Knighted, 1904; Royal Gold medallist, Architecture, English, 1905, American, 1907; President, Royal Academy, 1919; works included Buckingham Palace, Admiralty Arch, Victoria and Albert Museum, Royal College of Science and Imperial College; died, 1930.
Publications: include: London of the Future editor (London, 1921).
Born, Darmstadt, 1905; member of Wernher, Beit and Company; created 1st Baronet, 1905; Governor, Imperial College, 1907-1912; died, 1912.
Born, Devonport, 1845; educated at the Royal School of Naval Architecture and Royal Naval College, 1870-1881; directed war-ship building of Armstrong & Co, Newcastle, 1883-1885; Director, Naval Construction and Assistant Controller, Royal Navy, 1885-1902; Consulting Naval Architect, Cunard SS Mauretania, 1904-1907; President, Institution of Civil Engineers, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Institution of Marine Engineers; Chairman of the Council, Royal Society of Arts, 1909-1910; Master, Shipwrights Company of London; Governor, Imperial College, 1907-1913; died, 1913.
Publications: include: A Manual of Naval Architecture. For the use of Officers of the Royal Navy, Ship-builders (J Murray, London, 1877); Lecture on the turning powers of ships from the Journal of the Royal United Service Institution (1882); Modern War-ships.
Born, Cairo, 1875; educated at St Paul's School; studied civil and mechanical engineering, Central Technical College, 1893-1896; joined the firm of Sir John Fowler and Sir Benjamin Baker, 1897-[1914]; worked on the Aswan dam, Egypt; partner in the practice of Booth, Wilson and Pettit, [1918]-1932, mainly in the field of bridge construction and structural steelwork; independent practice, 1932; honorary consulting engineer, Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings; President, Section G (Engineering), British Association, 1935; died, 1955.
Born, 1874; studied at the Royal College of Science; Scientific Assistant and Acting Director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Ceylon; Controller, Government Experiment Station, Ceylon, 1900-1906; Editor, India Rubber Journal, London, 1907-1917; director and chairman, various tropical agricultural companies and trusts, 1907-1930; representative of the Royal Commission of 1851 on the Governing Body, Imperial College, 1918-1937; Chairman, Executive Committee, 1922 -1931 and Finance Committee, 1931-1938, of the Governing Body, Imperial College; Knighted, 1930; died, 1940.
Publications: include: Hevea Brasiliensis or Para Rubber: its botany, cultivation, chemistry and diseases (A M & J Ferguson, Colombo, 1905); The Cultivation of Rubber as an Investment (Rubber Plantation Development & Estates Agency, London, 1906); Rubber Cultivation in the British Empire. A lecture delivered before the Society of Arts, etc (Maclaren & Sons, London, 1907); Theobroma Cacao or Cocoa, its botany, cultivation, chemistry and diseases (A M & J Ferguson, Colombo, 1907); My Tour in Eastern Rubber Lands ... A series of articles contributed to the "India-Rubber Journal" (Maclaren & Sons, London, 1908).
The Royal College of Chemistry was established in 1845 in Hanover Square, London, with the first Professor August von Hofmann, and 26 students, the result of a private enterprise to found a college to aid industry. The College transferred to Oxford Street in 1848. In 1853 the College was incorporated with the Government School of Mines and of Science Applied to the Arts, effectively becoming its department of chemistry. Chemistry was one of the departments to be transferred to South Kensington in 1872.
The Royal College of Science was formed in 1881 by merging some courses of the Royal School of Mines with the teaching of other science subjects at South Kensington. In 1907 the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science were incorporated in the Royal Charter of Imperial College of Science and Technology.
Charing Cross Hospital was established in 1823 in Villiers Street, London, as a charitable institution known as the West London Infirmary. The institution had its orgins in a meeting initiated by Dr Benjamin Golding in 1818. The infirmary provided accommodation for twelve beds, and became known as Charing Cross Hospital in 1827.
A new building was opened in Agar Street in 1834 with accommodation for twenty-two students, and was extended several times.
After the second world war it was decided that the hospital should move out of cental London, and in 1957 a link was proposed with Fulham and West London Hospitals. The new Charing Cross Hospital was opened in 1973 on Fulham Palace Road, on the site of the old Fulham Hospital.
John Howship (1781-1841) was assistant surgeon, 1834-1836, and then surgeon, 1836-1841, to Charing Cross Hospital. His casebooks contain notes and letters concerning patient cases, and some illustrations.
After Imperial College received its new charter in 1998, the Governing Body was replaced by a Court and Council, and the Board of Studies by the Senate. The committees of the Board of Studies became committees of the Senate.
Photographic services are divided between a central photographic and television studio and departmental photographic provision.Live-net was a University of London project established in 1986 to establish fibre-optic links between several Schools of the University.
The College Library was known as the Lyon Playfair Library after Lord Playfair of St Andrews (1818-1898), a Chemistry lecturer at the Royal School of Mines and statesman. The Haldane recreational library, was named after Richard Burdon Haldane, MP, (1856-1928) who was involved in the formation of Imperial College. On developing a close working relationship with the Science Museum Library, the national library for the History of Science, the libraries collectively became known as the Central Library, whilst maintaining their individual identities. The Imperial College Library Committee was later know as the Union Library Committee.
During the First World War the Chemistry Department manufactured synthetic substances used in medicine, and College staff conducted research into gas warfare, glass-making and minesweepers. The Physics Department investigated medical x-rays and wireless telegraphy for the Admiralty, as did the Engineering laboratories, which made aircraft parts, gauges and fuses. Soldiers were also billeted in the College buildings.
During the Second World War, the Department of Metallurgy was temporarily transferred to Swansea, Mining to Camborne and Biology to the College Field Station at Slough. Plans to transfer other departments to Edinburgh were not carried out. The military occupied several buildings, including the field station, which was requistioned by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research in 1940 and retained by them after the war. A Home Guard company was formed in 1941. College staff contributed to the war effort, notably in the fields of radar, nuclear physics, transport fuel and pesticides and operational research.
Schemes for the development of the College have led to the rebuilding of the South Kensington site, and acquisition of a number of buildings in the area, particularly from the 1950s to mid 1970s. Number 170 Queen's Gate, designed by Norman Shaw (1831-1912), was purchased by Imperial College in 1947. The house was adapted for use by the Governing Body and as the Rector's lodgings, and was scheduled as a building of special architectural or historic interest in 1958.The Goldsmiths extension was the new City and Guilds (Engineering) College building, opened in 1926.
By 1960 a scheme had been proposed to merge the Architectural Association with Imperial College. After negotiations over several years, the scheme foundered in 1970.
The Department of Biology had its origins in the teaching and research of biology in the Government School of Mines and Science as Applied to the Arts (later the Royal School of Mines) in 1851. The department moved to South Kensington in 1872, where T H Huxley was prominent in establishing modern teaching methods of the discipline. In 1881 the Royal College of Science was founded and took over the teaching of biology in two separate departments, Botany and Zoology. The Departments were united into a single Department of Biology in 1913 as part of Imperial College, with professors of Zoology, Plant Physiology, Woods and Fibres and Entomology.
The Department of Biochemistry opened in 1965. Before this, biochemical research and teaching at Imperial College operated within the Department of Botany.
The Division of Life Sciences was formed from the Departments of Botany, Zoology and Biochemistry in 1974. The Life Sciences Committee was established as a committee of the Board of Studies to consider all academic developments within the field and report to the Board as appropriate.
In 1981 the Department of Botany and Plant Technology was merged with the Department of Zoology and Applied Entomology to form the Department of Pure and Applied Biology, with the transfer of Microbiology from the Department of Biochemistry.
Born, 1919, Ireland; grew up on the Stansted Park estate in Sussex where her father was head gardener; educated at King's College London where she studied journalism, [1938-1939]; landgirl at Bosham in Sussex during the early stages of World War Two; reporter in Portsmouth, 1942-1945; joined the BBC after the War; published numerous novels, poetry, children's books and semi-autobiographical books on subjects including horticulture and country life; died Eastbourne, 2012.
Born, London, c 1900; educated King's College for Women, 1917-1920, graduated BA, University of London, 1920; school teacher, St Aidan's School, Stroud Green, London, 1923; Secretary, John Lewis Partnership (Peter Jones), from 1931.
Alice Christiana Gertrude Meynell was born in Barnes, Surrey in October 1847; Alice and her sister, Elizabeth Thompson, later Elizabeth Southerden Butler, Lady Butler (1846-1933) were educated by their father, Thomas James Thompson ([1809]-1881); Alice took instruction and was received into the Roman Catholic church, St George's, Worcester, 1868.
Meynell's first published work was Preludes, 1875 which received much praise, notably from Alfred Tennyson, Coventry Patmore, Aubrey de Vere, and John Ruskin. Meynell married Wilfrid John Meynell (1852-1948) on 16 April 1877. Once married both worked as journalists, editing the Weekly Register and Merry England, 1883 to 1895; Alice regularly wrote literary criticisms for Spectator, The Tablet, the Saturday Review, The World, and the Scots Observer.
Meynell's first volume of essays, The Rhythm of Life, published in 1893, consisted mainly of work reprinted from periodicals. At this time Meynell also wrote a weekly column in the Pall Mall Gazette, 1893. Whilst working as a journalist and during early motherhood Meynell ceased to write poetry, however later she returned to poetry, being mentioned as a possible candidate for Poet Laureate in 1895. From this time until her death she wrote some of her finest work, including poetry about World War One. Meynell was a supporter of the suffrage movement and women's rights, which was reflected in her later work. Meynell died 27 November 1922.