Born 1877; educated at Haileybury and at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into the Royal Regt Artillery, 1896; served in Waziristan Campaign, 1901-1902 (medal and clasp); Capt 1901; Commandant Bhamo Bn Burma Military Police; commanded Wellaung, Punitive Expedition in South China Hills, 1905-1906; Graduate of Staff College; General Staff Officer, Grade 3, at War Office, 1912; Grade 2 on mobilisation, 1914; Brevet Maj, 1914; Maj, 1914; served World War One, 1914-1918 (despatches six times, Brevet Lt Col 1915; Brevet Col 1917); Deputy Director Military Operations, 1918-1922; Col on the Staff, General Staff Aldershot, 1922-1924; Maj Gen. 1924; head of British Naval, Military and Air Force Mission to Finland, 1924-1925; President Inter-Allied Commission of Investigation for Hungary; Deputy Chief of the General Staff in India, 1926-1929; Commander 5 Div and Catterick Area, 1929-1931; Lt Gen. 1931; General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Command, 1933-1936; Gen 1936; Col Commandant, Royal Artillery, 1934-1946; Hon Col 70 Anti-Aircraft Regt (now 470th Heavy Anti Aircraft Regt TA) 1934-1939; and 2/5 The Queen's Royal Regiment, 1939; Director General of Territorial Army, 1936-1939; Inspector General of Home Defences, 1939; Commander-in-Chief of Home Forces, 1939-1940; Aide-de-Camp General to the King, 1937-1940; retired pay, 1940; President of Witley and District Branch of British Legion and Royal Artillery Association, Surrey; Vice-President of Royal United Service Institution and Old Contemptibles, Godalming, Surrey; died 1949.
The Kirkmans were an English family of harpsichord and piano makers of Alsatian origin. Jacob Kirkman (b Bischweiler, 4 Mar 1710; d Greenwich, buried 9 Jun 1792) came to England in the early 1730s, and worked for Herman Tabel, whose widow he married in 1738. He took British citizenship on 25 Apr 1755, and in 1772 went into partnership with his nephew, Abraham Kirkman (b Bischweiler, 1737; d Hammersmith, buried 16 Apr 1794). Abraham Kirkman in turn took into partnership his son, Joseph Kirkman (i) (dates of birth and death unknown), whose son, Joseph Kirkman (ii) (c1790-1877), worked with his father on their last harpsichord in 1809. The firm continued as piano makers until absorbed by Collard in 1896.
Christian Burkard, one of the signatories of both documents (1) and (2) was a harpsichord builder living in Swallow Street, London and a cousin of Jacob Kirkman.
The action documented in (3) in 1771 by Jacob Kirkman against Robert Falkener was for Falkener's alleged attempts to sell harpsichords made by another maker as Kirkman instruments. Kirkman claimed £500 damages, though the outcome of the suit is not known.
No information was available at the time of compilation.
Born 1907; educated at Wimbledon School and Merton College, Oxford; Assistant Director, Archaeological Survey of Nubia, 1929-1934; Field Director, Oxford University expeditions to Sudan, 1934-1937; exploratory journeys in eastern Sudan and Aden Protectorate, 1938-1939; service in Intelligence Corps, Territorial Army Reserve of Officers, 1939-1957; service on Joint Staff, Cabinet Office and Ministry of Defence, 1942-1945; acting Lt Col, 1943; attended QUADRANT Conference, Quebec, Canada, Aug 1943; released from active military service with honorary rank of Lt Col, 1945; Director and Secretary, Royal Geographical Society, 1945-1975; editor, Geographical Journal, 1945-1978; President, British Institute in Eastern Africa, 1961-1981; President, British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1961-1962; on United Nations register of fact-finding experts, 1968; honorary Vice President, Royal Geographical Society, 1981-1999.
Born at Cloughballymore, Ireland, 1733; sent to Poictiers to complete his education; entered the Jesuit novitiate at St Omer, 1754; left and returned to Ireland, 1755; his elder brother having been killed in a duel, came into possession of the family estates; having conformed to the established church, called to the Irish bar, 1766; ceased to practise after two years and pursued scientific studies in London; studied Greek at Cregg, 1773; resided in London, 1777-1787; became known to eminent contemporaries and corresponded with learned men in Europe; his library, sent from Galway to London in 1780, was captured by an American privateer; elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, 1780; received the Copley medal for a series of papers on chemical affinity, 1782; published the first systematic treatise on mineralogy in English, 1784; his treatise was translated into French, German, and Russian; delicate health caused him to adopt a more retired life; settled at no 6 Cavendish Row, Dublin, 1787; joined the Royal Irish Academy; President of the Royal Irish Academy, 1799; presided over the Dublin Library and `Kirwanian' Societies; received a gold medal from the Royal Dublin Society in acknowledgment of his services in procuring the Leskeyan cabinet of minerals for their museum; a member of the Edinburgh Royal Society and of a number of foreign academies; honorary LLD, University of Dublin, 1794; declined Lord Castlereagh's offer of a baronetcy; honorary inspector-general of his majesty's mines in Ireland; involved in various scientific controversies; finally adopted a Unitarian form of belief, and spent much time in scriptural study; died, 1812; buried in St George's Church, Lower Temple Street, Dublin. Publications include: Elements of Mineralogy (London, 1784); An Estimate of the Temperatures of Different Latitudes (London, 1787); Essay on Phlogiston (London, 1787); Geological Essays (London, 1799); An Essay on the Analysis of Mineral Waters (1799); Logick (2 volumes, London, 1807); Metaphysical Essays (1811); many papers on various scientific subjects.
Born in Galloway, 1907; educated at Wimbledon College; Merton College, Oxford; Assistant Director of the Oxford Archaeological Survey of Nubia, 1929-1934; involved in the discovery, excavation and publication of 4th- and 5th-century AD burial mounds at Ballana and Qustul; Field Director, Oxford University Expeditions to Sudan, 1934-1937; carried out excavations at Kawa, Sudan; Boston and Philadelphia Museums, 1937; Tweedie Fellowship in Archaeology and Anthropology, Edinburgh University, 1937-1939; exploratory journeys, Eastern Sudan and Aden Protectorate, 1938-1939; Territorial Army Reserve of Officers Captain, General Staff, 1939; Major, 1941; Lieutenant-Colonel, 1943; Joint Staffs, Offices of Cabinet and Ministry of Defence, 1942-1945; Editor, Geographical Journal, 1945-1978; Librarian, Royal Geographical Society, and subsequently Secretary; Honorary Lieutenant-Colonel, 1957; CMG, 1958; President, British Institute in Eastern Africa, 1961-1981; visited the Aksumite port of Adulis, on the Eritrean coast, 1960s; President (Section E), British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1961-1962; Governor, Imperial College of Science and Technology, 1962-1981; member of the Court of Arbitration, Argentine-Chile Frontier Case, 1965-1968 (Leader, Field Mission, 1966); member of the Secretary of State for Transport's Advisory Committee on Landscape Treatment of Trunk Roads (Deputy Chairman, 1970-1980), 1968-1981; member of the United Nations Register of fact-finding experts from 1968; member of Court, Exeter University, 1969-1980; KCMG, 1972; Founder's Medal, Royal Geographical Society, 1975; British Academy/Leverhulme Visiting Professor, Cairo, 1976; Mortimer Wheeler Lecturer, British Academy, 1977; Jubilee Medal, 1977; Honorary Vice-President, Royal Geographical Society, from 1981; Honorary Life President and Honorary Member, British Institute in Eastern Africa, 1981-1999; Honorary President, Sudan Archaeological Research Society, 1992; Fellow, University College London, and Imperial College of Science and Technology; Honorary Fellow, School of Oriental and African Studies, and American Geographical Society; Honorary Member, Geographical Societies of Paris, Vienna, and Washington, Royal Institute of Navigation, Institut d'Egypte, and International Society for Nubian Studies (Patron); Knight Cross of the Order of St Olav, Norway; MLitt, Oxon; died, 1999. Publications: Some Roman Mummy Tickets [1933?]; Christianity and the Kura'an [1934]; A Sudanese of the Saite Period (1934); Notes on the Topography of the Christian Nubian Kingdoms [1935]; The Oxford University Excavations in Nubia, 1934-1935 [1935]; with Walter B Emery, The Excavations and Survey between Wadies-Sebua and Adindan, 1929-1931 (1935); with Walter B Emery, The Royal Tombs of Ballana and Qustal (1938); The Oxford University Excavations at Firka (1939); contributed to The Temples of Kawa, i: The Inscriptions (1949), ii: History and Archaeology of the Site (1955); The White Road: a survey of polar exploration (1959); A History of Polar Exploration (1962); chapters in Miles Frederick Laming Macadam, Temples of Kawa (undated); papers on archaeology, historical and political geography, and exploration, in scientific and other publications.
Joseph Michael Kitch (1941-) was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He studied history at Duke and Indiana Universities before leaving the United States in 1965.
After three years at St Antony's College, Oxford he joined the staff of SSEES where he was lecturer in Romanian History 1968-1980.
Charles Herbert Kitson, born, Leyburn, Yorkshire, 13 Nov 1874; took his arts degrees at Cambridge where he was organ scholar of Selwyn College, and his music degrees at Oxford as an external student; first major post was organist of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, 1913-1920; while there, was appointed Professor of Music, University College, Dublin, 1915; returned to England and joined the staff of the Royal College of Music, 1920; appointed Professor of Music, Trinity College, Dublin (then a non-resident post), 1920; retired, 1935; died London, 13 May 1944. Selected publications: The Art of Counterpoint, and its Application as a Decorative Principle (Oxford, 1907, 2nd edition, 1924); The Evolution of Harmony (Oxford, 1914, 2nd edition, 1924); Elementary Harmony (Oxford, 1920-1926, 2nd edition 1941).
Maud Kitto was a pupil-teacher at Battersea Park Road School, c.1881-1885, and taught until her marriage in 1887.
Born into a Jewish family in Siauliai, Lithuania, 1888; with her seven brothers and sisters and her parents emigrated to Boston, Massachusetts, USA, as a young child; active in the fight against tuberculosis in Boston and president of the Jewish Anti-Tuberculosis Association in Boston, 1912-1913; visited Europe, 1914; married Morris Klein, an emigrant from Krakow, 1921.
Kleinworts was founded in 1855 by Alexander Kleinwort, although its origins may be traced to Herman Greverus, who established a business as a merchant at 3 White Hart Court, Lombard Street, in 1830. He formed a partnership with Edward Cohen in 1851 under the style Greverus and Cohen and retired in 1855, whereupon Alexander Kleinwort became Cohen's partner, and the firm was restyled Kleinwort and Cohen. Kleinwort had served an apprenticeship and gained some experience as a merchant in Hamburg before going, in 1838, to Havana, Cuba, then an international trading centre based upon its sugar, coffee and tobacco production. In Cuba he became acquainted with his future business partners, Edward Cohen and James Drake, and gained further experience as a merchant and banker. He also accumulated sufficient capital to establish business in London with Edward Cohen.
In 1858, James Drake became a partner, contributing capital and his name, but taking no part in running the partnership, which was known as Drake, Kleinwort and Cohen. He died in 1871 and the firm then became Kleinwort, Cohen and Company, with 80 % of the capital supplied by Kleinwort.
In 1881, Herman Greverus Kleinwort, Alexander's elder son, became a partner, and, in 1883, when Edward Cohen retired, Alexander's younger son, Alexander Drake Kleinwort, also became a partner, the firm being renamed Kleinwort, Sons and Company. Alexander senior died in 1886 and the business was continued by his two sons until 1907, when their nephew Herman Anton Andreae also became a partner. Alexander Drake Kleinwort was created a baronet in 1909, and Herman Greverus Kleinwort retired from active participation in the partnership in 1914.
In 1927, Sir Alexander Drake Kleinwort's two sons, Ernest Greverus Kleinwort and Cyril Hugh Kleinwort, were brought into the partnership. Sir Alexander Drake Kleinwort died in 1935. His brother Herman Greverus Kleinwort withdrew completely from the partnership in 1939 and died in 1942. In 1945 Herman Kleinwort Andreae, son of Herman Andreae, became a partner.
In 1948 the partnership became a private limited company, and in 1955 the company changed its name to Kleinworts Limited and became the holding company for a new company, Kleinwort, Sons and Company, which was created to carry on the banking business formerly conducted under the same name. In 1961 a merger with the firm of Robert Benson, Lonsdale and Company, investment bankers, created Kleinwort, Benson Limited.
The firm had offices at 3 White Hart Court, Lombard Street, 1830-54; 4 Cullum Street, 1855-9; 7 Mincing Lane, 1859-66; and 20 Fenchurch Street from 1867. It is variously described in London directories as merchants; merchants and foreign bankers; and bankers and commission merchants.
James Klugmann (1912-1977) joined the Communist Party in 1933 while at Cambridge University. In 1935 he gave up an academic career to become Secretary of the World Student Association and travelled widely. During World War Two he rose to the rank of major and became deputy director of the Yugoslav section in the Special Operations Executive (SOE), based in Cairo and later in Bari, Italy. After the war he was attached to the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in Yugoslavia. It was during his service in Yugoslavia with the SOE and UNRRA that Klugmann collected the material for this collection. Returning to Britain in 1946 he spent the rest of his life working for the Communist Party. From 1957-1977 he was also editor of "Marxism Today".
For biographical details relating to Knapp, see obituaries in the British Medical Journal, 1953, i, 339, and The Lancet, 1953, i, 248.
C. S. Knight was an insurance broker, of 55 Great Tower Street (1899).
No information available at present.
Sir Arthur Knight began his working life as a clerk at Sainsbury's, taking evening classes at the London School of Economics and graduating with a first class degree in commerce. He spent a year in the Department of Business Administration before joining Courtaulds as a junior economist in 1938. During World War Two, Knight served in the Army, returning to Courtaulds after his service and becoming finance director in 1961. He was a key player in the opposition to ICI's takeover of Courtaulds during the 1960s. Knight became deputy chairman in 1970 and Chairman in 1974. After leaving Courtaulds, Knight became Chairman of the National Enterprise Board but resigned in 1980 after only one year. During his career Knight took a keen interest in management education and helped to set up the Manchester Business School, serving on its council for several years.
After retirement Knight served on several Government committees and the executive committee of the National Institute of Economic and Social Research. He was a member of the LSE Court of Governors from 1971-1994 and became an honorary fellow in 1984 and pursued his interests in business history, management education and industrial policy.
No information available at present.
Knowles entered the Navy in July 1824 joining the BLONDE under Admiral George Anson, Lord Byron (178901868) on Particular Service. In December 1826 he joined the FORTE on the South American Station. The FORTE returned to England in July 1830 and was paid off. Knowles joined the PRINCE REGENT with the flag of Rear-Admiral Sir William Parker (1781-1866) in the Channel. He acted as Mate of the Lower Deck. He next joined the SPEEDY cutter of which he became acting commander. Knowles efforts to gain promotion were unsuccessful. A note by his sister suggests that he may have died in 1834.
Lilian Charlotte Anne Knowles, 1870-1926, (nee Tomn) was born in Truro and educated at Truro High School, on the continent, and at Girton College Cambridge. At Cambridge she took a History Tripos, First Class in 1894 and a Law Tripos (Part 1), First Class in 1894. She also obtained a Litt.D from Trinity College, Dublin in 1906. Knowles was a lecturer in modern economic history at the London School of Economics in 1904, Reader in Economic History at the University of London in 1907, and Dean of the Faculty of Economics at the University of London from 1920 to 1924. She was also a member of the Royal Commission on Income Tax, 1919-1920, a member of the Council of the Royal Economic Society, and a member of the Council of the Royal Historical Society.
Unknown
Hermione Llewellyn was born in Gloucestershire and brought up in Wales. Whilst working in Australia as personal assistant to the Governor of New South Wales, she met Daniel Knox, Earl of Ranfurly, whom she married in 1939. Following miliatary service in the Second World War, Lord Ranfurly was appointed Governor of the Bahamas in 1953. Whilst living in Nassau, Lady Ranfurly founded the Ranfurly Library Service, in response to the lack of libraries and school books available in the Bahamas. After the couple's return to Britain, she expanded the service (later renamed Book Aid International) to other parts of the English-speaking world; in 1970 she received an OBE in recognition of her work. Lady Ranfurly also published a memoir of her wartime experiences, To War With Whitaker (1994).
Else and Sigismund Kobylinski were German Jewish refugees, interned on the Isle of Man in Summer and Autumn 1940. Bothcame to Great Britain in 1939, their children having emigrated some years earlier.
The Kodak Company - a subsidiary of the US-based Eastman Kodak Company - opened its first UK offices in Soho Square, London in 1885. It subsequently moved to Harrow.
Egon Kodicek born 1908; fled Nazi Czechoslovakia in 1939 and came to Cambridge and worked at the Dunn Nutritional Laboratory until 1973 when he retired. For the last ten years there he was Director of the Laboratory, and he was known mainly for the research on metabolism and function of Vitamin D. Kodicek strove to break through the barrier which saw nutrition as a limited medical science, envisaging rather that it was an essential part of biochemical research.
The Hatch End Jewish Community, now known as Kol Chai (meaning "Living Voice"), was founded by a core of families from the Middlesex New Synagogue, Harrow in 1986. After successfully canvassing for new members they started worshipping in homes and church halls before deciding to build their own synagogue in Woodridings Yard, Uxbridge Road in 1994. The synagogue was extended in 2003.
The congregation worships within the Reform tradition and their first rabbi was Samuel Rodriguez-Pereira, who began taking services in 1988. After Rabbi Pereira's retirement in 2002 Rabbi Michael Hilton took over services at Kol Chai.
Kol Chai is a very active community. Their Religion School for children began in 1987 and includes a post-bar/bat mitzvah class leading to a GCSE in Religious Education. These classes train to be assistant teachers on a course developed by Kol Chai in conjunction with Leo Baeck College/Centre for Jewish Education. Dedicated committees also organise social activities and the community also runs a Care Group, a Music Group and World Jewry activities.
In 2012 Kol Chai joined its religious education programme with those of Hatch End Masorti Synagogue, Middlesex New Synagogue and Harrow and Wembley Park Synagogue to form HaMakom ('The Place'), the first Jewish pluralist supplementary school in the country to meet on a Sunday.
Mr and Mrs Elsztajn were Polish Jews living in Belgium. They were arrested in 1943 and transported to Malines. Mrs Elsztajn describes how people feared Commandant Schmidt of Malines and Breendonck. They were taken to Auschwitz where she was experimented on by Dr Carl Clauberg and with him were doctors Goebbels, Weber, Wirtz and Samuel, a German Jew, who tried his best for them, but was killed before Auschwitz was evacuated because he knew the secrets of Block 10 which housed women used in experiments. On 18 January 1945 they were evacuated from Auschwitz to Ravensbrück on foot in the extreme cold, then to Malchow towards Leipzig-Taucha on trains under continuous bombardment. On 25 April 1945 they were liberated by the Americans and Mrs Elsztajn was repatriated by plane to Belgium where she was reunited with her daughter.
The Komitee ehemaliger politischer Gefangener was founded in the immediate post-World War Two years to represent the interests of former political prisoners. In 1947 it changed its name to the Vereinigung der Verfolgten des Naziregimes to include all those who suffered under the Nazis. This anti-fascist organisation still exists with branches all over Germany.
Einsatzgruppen (Special task forces) were paramilitary groups formed by Heinrich Himmler and operated by the SS before and during World War Two. They operated in the territories captured by the German armies during the invasion of the Soviet Union. Their principal task was to implement Hitler's 'final solution of the Jewish question' in the conquered territories.
Mano Konyi (1842-1917) developed with Adolf Fenvessy a Hungarian shorthand system which he used for the reporting of debates in the Hungarian Parliament in the 1860s. From 1867 to 1885 he was joint chief of its Reporting Office with Fenvessy. In retirement after 1885 he edited the speeches of Ferencz Deak, an architect of Hungary's 1867 constitutional agreement and also acted as secretary for Count Julius Andrassy the younger (1860-1929) (last foreign minister of the Austro-Hungarian Empire Oct-Nov 1918).
At some point in the 1880s Konyi acquired Count Menyhert Lonyay's papers for his editorial work. Lonyay (1822-1884) was a prominent Hungarian politician.
Along with Ferencz Deak and Josef von Eotvos, he was an architect of the 1867 constitutional agreement. This created a dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary in place of the unitary Austrian Empire, thereby giving Hungary more independence from Hapsburg rule. Lonyay served as Hungarian Finance Minister 1868-1870 and Hungarian Prime Minister 1870-1873.
Richard Korherr was born in Regensburg, 1903, graduated from his academic studies with honours and went on to publish statistical works, which earned him high praise; joined the National Bureau of Statistics, 1928. The Bavarian prime minister appointed him chairman of the board of Reich und Heimat, a government-sponsored society. Korherr's book Geburtenrückgang (Decline in Birth Rate) was well received; Benito Mussolini personally translated the Italian version. The 1936 edition had a foreward by Himmler. Director of the Würzburg municipal bureau of statistics, 1935-1940, and also lectured at the local university. From 1934 he worked concurrently as head of the section of statistics and demographic policy in the headquarters of Rudolf Hess, then deputy Führer. In 1937 and 1938 Korherr published Untergang der alten Kulturvölker (The Demise of the Old Civilized Peoples) and in 1938 an atlas under the title Volk und Raum (People and Space). In May 1937 Korherr joined the Nazi party but he did not become a member of the SA or SS. On 9 December 1940 He was appointed chief inspector of the statistical bureau of the Reichsführer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei (SS Head and Chief of Police) and of the Reichskommisariat für die Festigung des Deutschen Volkstums (National Commission for the Strengthening of German Folklore), both posts under Himmler. In December he began processing data for the 'Final Solution', a task in which he was assisted by Dr. Erich Simon, a Jew, who was the statistician of the Reichsvereinigung der Juden in Deutschland.
He became known for the 'Korherr Bericht', a detailed statistical report on the deportation of Jews which was updated every 3 months in 1943 and 1944. At his trial in Jerusalem, Eichmann stated that the Korherr report had served him in the planning stages of the extermination. Gerald Reitlinger, in his book The Final Solution, describes the report as 'a source of inestimable value... [as it] tallies with so many counter-checks that its honesty may be assumed where counter checks are lacking...'.
After the war Korherr spent some time in the allies' custody but was one of the earliest to be released, and later emerged unscathed from the de-nazification process. He was no doubt helped by the fact that he rescued Erich Simon, the Jewish statistician of the Reichsvereinigung der Juden in Deutschland. An affidavit and correspondence, also in this collection, by the latter supports this. However, Korherr lost his job at the West German finance ministry after publication of the 1962 edition of Reitlinger's book.
Fred Kormis was born in 1897 in Frankfurt and apprenticed in a large workshop specialising in the production of decorative sculpture and mouldings at the age of 14. In 1914 he won a scholarship to the Frankfurt Art School which came to a premature end with the outbreak of the First World War. He was conscripted into the Austrian army (his father was Austrian), sent to the Eastern Front, wounded and captured. After a year in European Russia, Kormis found himself in Siberia, north of Vladivostock, where he spent 4 years until he escaped.
Back in Frankfurt he earned a living as a portrait sculptor until, on 1 April 1933, Hitler came to power. Kormis who had been a socialist since the age of 14 and whose sister-in-law, Tony Sender, had been a deputy in the Reichstag, could see only too clearly what was to come. On 7 April he moved to Holland and then in 1934 to London.
There, he and his wife started a new life. Kormis exhibited at the Beaux-Arts Gallery, continued the medallic work, exemplified in his lovely portrait of the sculptor Moissy Kogan and was established in a studio in Sheriff Road when war broke out once more. In 1940 the studio was bombed and he lost all his large scale work. During the war Kormis spent a period working in the Potteries, designing china for export under the lend-lease scheme. In 1941 Philip Guedalla, seeking a cover for his biography, commissioned him to do one of the earliest medallic portraits of Churchill. This, exceptionally for Kormis, was not done entirely from life. Churchill had to cancel his sitting in favour of a meeting with Roosevelt in the Mid-Atlantic and publishers' deadlines left no time for an alternative appointment.
Kormis' medals of Churchill and Herbert Morrison (1941), served as a prelude to his series of portraits of members of the War Cabinet (Eden, Cripps, Bevin and Sinclair) in 1942 and his series of distinguished foreigners in London in 1943 and 1944 (Benes, Haakon VII, Sikorski, Perlot...)
The end of the war saw Kormis settled in the studio to the north of St John's Wood. He produced a steady output of work, culminating in his great 'Prisoner of War Memorial' in Gladstone Park, Willesden, the erection of which, in 1970, represented the conclusion of a fifty year journey towards the final expression of his experiences in the period, 1915-1920. Among his other public commissions have been 'The Shied Bearer' in the Corn Exchange, Stratford upon Avon; 'Angels Wings', Pound Lane, Willesden; 'The Ever-Lamenting harp', Kiryat Gat, Israel (1978).
Medals have, however, continued to be a constant part of Kormis' work; from his post-war portraits of Mountbatten (1947), Alexander Fleming (1947), and Laurence Olivier (1949), to his more recent tributes to Golda Meir (1973), Charlie Chaplin (1975), Michael Tippett (1977), Henry Moore (1978) and JB Priestley (1978), many of which have been shown at his exhibitions at the Fieldbourne Gallery in London. Kormis died in 1986.
Born, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 1897; served in Austrian army; taken prisoner of war, remaining in captivity in Siberia, 1915-1920; worked as sculptor in Frankfurt, 1921-1933; moved to Holland and then England, 1934; studio suffered bomb damage and the bulk of his work was lost, 1940; acquired British nationality, 1947; died, 1986.
Mr Witold Kay-Korzeniewicz was architect to London Council Council (later Greater London Council) and part-time London University lecturer. He was a prominent town planner in the London area during his working life. He was involved in a number of important building and design projects, such as the Festival of Britain in 1951 and the redevelopment of the area around Saint Paul's Cathedral.
Josef Kosina was secretary of the Czechslovak Trade Union Congress. In 1939 he came to live in Britain where he worked for the BBC Czech service.
Born in London, 1923; worked in the Ministry of Information typing pool as a temp to the Soviet section, later becoming co-ordinator and editorial assistant, [1939-1945]; worked with a range of bodies promoting women's issues; worked for the National Assembly of Women, 1952; worked for the fundraising office of a charity for handicapped children; took GCEs, and later a BEd in psychology, at London's Sydney Webb College, 1960s; schoolteacher, mid-1970s; Barking and Dagenham Schools' Psychological Service, [1975]-1987; retired, 1987; died 2003. Rose Kosky was a member of the Communist Party from the 1930s until the 1980s, when she joined the Labour Party.
The Barking Reading Project was a project by the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham, [1975-1979], which aimed to help teachers to teach children with reading difficulties in the classroom rather than referring them to external experts. The specialist teachers working on the project came from Barking and Dagenham Schools' Psychological Service, they were: Jo Addington, Freda Cookson, Beryl Cooper, Kathy Conway and Rose Kosky. The scheme they devised was aimed at children aged 7+, who had failed to learn letter sounds completely and were unable to use them quickly in blending tasks.
This company was part of the Inchcape Group of companies.
Dr Kraemer, who left Germany in 1933 and studied medicine at the University of Siena, was an influential analytical psychologist and consultant psychiatrist, who practised in Edinburgh until 1958, when he moved to London. Details of his appointments and publications can be found in the Medical Directory, and his obituary appeared in The Times of 11 Jan 1983. The volumes date from the time when Dr Kraemer was a medical student, and apart from the first volume, which is in German, they are all in Italian. As all the volumes contain typescript or duplicated notes, it seems likely that these were standard sets of notes issued to students rather than notes taken by Kraemer himself, although he does seem to have annotated them in some cases.
Karl Krafft was born in Basel, Switzerland, 1900 and studied mathematics at university before becoming a well-known astrologer in the German-speaking world. From the mid-1930s he became popular with the leaders of the Nazi regime and moved to Germany, becoming personal astrologer to Rudolf Hess. He later published a pro-German interpretation of Nostradamus. Krafft fell out of favour during the early 1940s and died of typhus in January 1945.
The NS Gemeinschaft Kraft durch Freude, the National Socialist Organisation Strength through Joy, came under the aegis of the Deutsche Arbeitsfront, the national German labour organization. All members of the DAF were also members of the KdF, and as basically any worker was a part of the DAF, so too were they in the Kraft durch Freude. The KdF was essentially designed for the purpose of providing organised leisure for the German work force. The DAF calculated that the work year contained 8,760 hours of which only 2,100 were spent working, 2,920 hours spent sleeping, leaving 3,740 hours of free time. Thus the driving concept behind the KdF was organised 'relaxation for the collection of strength for more work.'
The KdF strived to achieve this goal of organised leisure by providing activities such as trips, cruises, concerts, and cultural activities for German workers. These events were specifically directed towards the working class, and it was through the KdF that the NSDAP hoped to bring to the 'common man' the pleasures once reserved only for the rich.
The Kreisau Circle was a German group of professionals, army officers and academics who were opposed to Nazism. It was founded in 1933. Its leader was Count Helmuth von Moltke (1907-1945), and its members frequently held their meetings on his estate. The Kreisau Circle saw defeat in the war as inevitable and post war planning and reorganisation as essential. It laid plans for a new social order built on Christian principles. Members organised a failed coup against Adolf Hitler on 20 July 1944. Eight members of the Circle were subsequently caught and executed, including Von Moltke who was arrested by the Gestapo in January 1944 and hanged in Plotzensee prison in Berlin in 1945. The programmes described here were preserved by two widows of the group, Marion Yorck von Wartenberg and Freya von Moltke, as typescripts entitled "Der Nachlass von Kreisau" (described in the "Nemesis of Power" by Wheeler Bennett, p. 547).
Gerald Kremenstein, also known as Gerald Kay, was born in France, the son of an Anglo Jewish mother and Jewish father from Eastern Europe. He moved to London prior to 1971. Gerald Kremenstein was a committee member of the Northwest London Lesbian and Gay Group (NWLLGG) which was formerly known as Harrow and Brent Gay Unity (HBGU) before becoming the Harrow and Brent Lesbian and Gay Group (HBLGG)). He was also a member of the Jewish Gay and Lesbian Group (JGLG) and St Katharine's Group. He has also been active in the London Gay scene attending social events from the early 1970s to the mid 2000s.
Charles William Krohne was born in Prussia in 1823. He founded a business making surgical equipment in Blackfriars, London, at an unknown date. He was joined by his half-brother Henry Frederick Sesemann in 1860, when the partnership Krohne and Sesemann was formed. Krohne became a naturalised British subject in 1871. The business's premises were close to the London Hospital in Whitechapel, with which business was conducted. Further premises were opened in the West End of London, probably at the suggestion of Harley Street specialists who were consultants to the London Hospital. The West End premises became the head office and factory, although the workshops and fitting rooms were maintained at Whitechapel to serve patients at the London Hospital. The West End premises, at Duke Street, were rebuilt c1908, but later demolished by a bomb. Both partners were interested in anaesthetics: Krohne invented an inhaler for chloroform, and Sesemann invented the double spray bellows and other apparatus. Both administered chloroform to patients of Harley Street doctors. The business also acted as distributor for oxygen for medical purposes for the Brin's Oxygen Co (later the British Oxygen Co Ltd), supplying cylinders all over the country. In the 1890s Krohne wrote articles and letters concerning deaths under anaesthetics in the medical press under the nom-de-plume 'Pro Bono Publico'. Details of deaths under anaesthesia reported in the press in 1903-1904 were passed to him by a Fleet Street press association. Krohne died in 1904. The business was succeeded by Alfred Cox (Surgical) Ltd (later Cox Surgical).
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, significant numbers of Jews emigrated from Eastern Europe, Russia and elsewhere, to South Africa. The numbers from Russia, escaping extreme persecution, were particularly high. Many were attracted by the potential wealth from the gold mines, but success was not guaranteed and a struggle to become established was experienced by most settlers. However, in due course strong Jewish communities emerged in Johannesburg, Pretoria and elsewhere, and some found considerable financial success. Matters were interrupted by the South African War of 1899-1902, during which many Jews were forced to leave, but the influx resumed when peace was restored. In 1903 the Jewish Board of Deputies was established to provide for the welfare of new immigrants.
The records collected together here are a small sample of source material for the history of these events, and include a list of Jews resident in Johannesburg in c1915-1917, compiled by the Board of Deputies' War Relief Committee for the purpose of raising funds for East European Jewish immigrants; copies of memoirs and biographical accounts of a small number of Jewish immigrants from the period; and copies of articles on the history of Jews in South Africa.
Kuala Selangor Rubber Company was registered in 1905 for the production of rubber and palm oil on the Kuala Selangor estate in Selangor, Malaya. In 1910 it acquired the Pasangan estate, and in 1917 the Abu plantation estate in Papua New Guinea. In 1952 Harrisons and Crosfield Limited (CLC/B/112) replaced Bright and Galbraith as secretaries. Harrisons and Crosfield (Malaya) Limited (CLC/B/112-071) acted as local agents from 1953.
In 1981/2 it became a PLC (public limited company). In 1984 it was acquired by Harrisons Malaysian Plantations Berhad (CLC/B/112-080), and it became resident in Malaysia for tax purposes.