Born in 1896; educated at Wellington College and Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into Royal Artillery, 1915; served in France and Belgium, 1915-1919; Instructor, Staff College, Camberley, 1933; seconded to Australian Military Forces, 1937-1939; Head of German Intelligence Section, War Office, 1939-1940; Brig, General Staff (Intelligence), Home Forces,1940-1942; Commander, Royal Artillery, Scottish Command, 1942; Head of Intelligence Section, Allied Force HQ, North Africa, 1942-1943; served with Special Operations Executive, North West Europe, 1943-1945; Control Commission, Hungary, 1945-1946; retired pay, 1947; died in 1978.
Born in 1918; educated at Glasgow Academy and Glasgow University; trained as a solicitor, Glasgow, 1935-1939; served in Territorial Army, 1938; served with Air Observation Post, 1941-1944; commanded B Flight, No 652 Air Observation Post Sqn, RAF, Normandy, Jun 1944; Lt Col commanding War Crimes Investigation Unit, Germany, 1945-1946; formed and commanded No 666 Scottish Sqn, Royal Auxiliary Air Force, 1948-1953.
Born 1891; educated, Eton; Trinity College Cambridge; joined 9 Lancers, 1913; served in France, 1914; commanded 9 Lancers, 1936-1938; commanded 1 Armoured Reconnaissance Brigade, France, 1940; Colonel 9 Lancers, 1940-1950; retired, 1946; High Sheriff of Kent, 1950-1951; member of Kent County Council, 1949-1955; died, 1974.
The Nuclear Age is a twelve part television documentary series on the history of nuclear strategy, from the discovery of nuclear fission in 1938 and the Allied development of the atomic bomb, 1942-1945, to the last years of the Cold War, 1987-1989, made jointly by Central Independent Television and WGBH Boston in 1989. The series was transmitted on Central Independent Television between Jan-Mar 1989.
Born 1888, educated, Trinity College Cambridge; called to the Bar, Lincoln's Inn, 1912; served with Rifle Bde, Western Front, 1915-1916; served with No 1 Special Company, Royal Engineers, 1916; Artists Rifles, 1920-1940; Royal Engineers, 1940; Ships Adjutant, Troop Ships, 1942-1945; Alderman, London County Council (LCC), 1931-1949; member, LCC, 1949-1958; Deputy Chairman, LCC, 1947-1948; Deputy Lieutenant and a Justice for the Peace, County of London; Chairman, John Oakey & Sons Ltd; Chairman of National Heart Hospital and Tooting Bec Hospital, 1951; died, 1963.
Served with O Company, 4 Bn, Special Bde, Royal Engineers, France, 1916.
Born in [1898] in New South Wales, Australia; educated at Sydney Technical College and Sydney University; served in 7 Australian Light Horse and 60 and 11 Sqns, Royal Flying Corps and RAF, 1914-1918; served as Air Ministry approved test pilot on flying boats, seaplanes and land planes; founder, chairman, managing director and chief designer, Percival Aircraft Limited; designed Saro-Percival Mail Plane, 1930, Percival Gull, 1931-1932 and Percival Mew Gull, 1933; won many air races and trophies, both national and international, and set a number of aviation records; served in Reserve of Air Force Officers, 1929-1939; Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 1939-1945; founder member of the Guild of Air Pilots and Air Navigators; died in 1984.
Born 1897; resigned commission as Captain, 6 Battalion Devon Regiment, 1930; worked as a solicitor, 1930-1934; re-commissioned as Captain, 6 Battalion Devon Regiment, 1939; Major, 1943; Temporary Lieutenant Colonel, 1944; Q (Movements) Staff, Inter-Allied Transport Commission, 1944-1947; Lieutenant Colonel, Devonshire Regiment (Short Service Officer) 1946; Colonel, 1948; retired, c 1954.
Born in 1871; served in Benin, West Africa, 1897; Superintendent of Signals Schools, 1911; Naval Assistant to 2nd Sea Lord, 1916; served in World War One, 1914-1917; commanded HMS WARSPITE in Battle of Jutland, 1916; R Adm, 1918; President of Ordnance Committee, 1920-1923; retired list, 1923; died in 1951.
Born in 1904; educated at Taunton School and HMS CONWAY; Midshipman, Royal Naval Reserve (RNR), 1921; service with Canadian Pacific Steamship Company, 1921; Lt, 1928; commanded Royal Naval Reserve contingent, Armistice Day ceremony, London, 1930; Lt Cdr, 1937; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; appointed to command inshore minesweeping flotilla, 1940; commanded HMS VAN MEERLANT, 1940-1941; wounded and lost a leg when HMS VAN MEERLANT sunk by mine, Thames estuary, Jun 1941; served in Admiralty on Staff of Second Sea Lord and in the Combined Operations Division; Cdr, 1944; retired from Royal Naval Reserve, 1945; died 1996.
Charles Alston was born at Eddlewood (now part of Hamilton, just to the west of Chatelherault). He was educated in Glasgow, but on the death of his father the Duchess of Hamilton became his patron and wished him to study law. Alston however wanted to study medicine and went to Leyden to study under Hermann Boerhaave (1668-1738). In Leyden, he met Dr. Alexander Monro, primus (1697-1767). On their return to Edinburgh he revived medical lectures at the University with Alston being appointed Lecturer in Botany and Materia Medica. He also became Superintendent of the Botanic Garden. Alston published various medical papers and an index to the plants in the Botanic Garden in Edinburgh. In his Tirocinium Botanicum Edinburgense (1753), he attacked the Linnaean system of classification. Charles Alston died on 22 November 1760.
William Cullen was born,1710; educated Hamilton Grammar School and the University of Glasgow; medical apprenticeship, Glasgow; service as a ship's surgeon; assistant to an apothecary, London; medical practice near Shotts in Lanarkshire, 1732-1734; practised in Hamilton, 1736-1744; graduating MD, Glasgow, 1740; moved to Glasgow continuing in private practice and lecturing semi-officially on medicine for the University of Glasgow, 1744; Lectureship in Chemistry in Glasgow, 1747; Chair of Medicine, 1751; lectured on chemistry and medicine and continued with his practice, 1747-1755; in 1755 he was appointed conjoint Professor with Plummer in Edinburgh with the succession on Plummer's death which occurred in 1756 and Cullen held the Chair until 1766; Professor of the Institutes of Medicine (Physiology) and of the Practice of Medicine, Edinburgh; retired, 1789; died, 1790.
Edward Low, son of Edward Low, a farmer, entered Trinity College Dublin in 1754, and took his BA degree in 1759. He proceeded to the study of medicine at Edinburgh, but did not graduate there.
The author was a physician and magistrate of Chambon, and was a member of the Convention in 1792. He was there distinguished by his moderate and sensible views. He voted against the death penalty for Louis XVI, and later engaged in educational reforms. He was a member of the Corps Législatif until 1806, and Procureur du Roi at Chambon in 1814. He is also known as an archaeologist of the Celtic and Roman antiquities of France.
Bateman's work was written to illustrate the Description and treatment of cutaneous diseases, 1798-1808, by Robert William (1757-1812).
Unknown
Blagden was born at Wotton-Under-Edge, Gloucestershire. He studied medicine at Edinburgh and received his MD in 1768. He was elected FRS in 1772 and served as a medical officer in the British Army from about 1776 to 1780. He was Henry Cavendish's assistant from 1782 to 1789, from whom he received an annuity and a considerable legacy. Blagden succeeded Paul Henry Maty as Secretary of the Royal Society in 1784 (while the Society was divided over the efficacy of its President, Sir Joseph Banks, a close friend of Blagden's), serving until 1797. Both in this capacity and as Cavendish's assistant he became involved in the prolonged 'water controversy' - who had priority in discovering the composition of water, claimed by both Cavendish and James Watt in England and A L Lavoisier in France. Blagden admitted responsibility for conveying, quite well-meaningly, word of the experiments and conclusions of both Cavendish and Watt to Lavoisier; and he overlooked errors of date in the printing of Cavendish's and Watt's papers. His experiments on the effects of dissolved substances on the freezing point of water led to what became known as 'Blagden's Law', where he concluded that salt lowers the freezing point of water in the simple inverse ratio of the proportion the water bears to it in the solution. In fact Richard Watson had first discovered the relationship in 1771. Blagden spent much of his time in Europe, particularly in France, where he had many friends among French scientists such as C L Berthollet. He died in Arcueil in 1820. He was knighted in 1792.
Marie Anne Victoire Gillain Boivin (1776-1841) worked at the Hospice de la Maternité in Paris and published the Atlas des maladies de l'utérus, Paris, 1833.
John Chardin was born in London in 1643, the son of a jeweller. As a jewel merchant himself he travelled extensively in Persia and India, publishing an account of his travels, before settling first in Paris and then in London. He died in 1719. Cornelis de Bruin was born in 1652. He travelled through Russia to the East Indies, publishing an account of his travels. He died in 1719. Joseph Smith was born c.1710 and matriculated at Queens' College, Oxford, in 1728. He obtained the degree of D.C.L. in 1740. He died at Kidlington, Oxford, in 1776 (this is noted in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1776, p.483).
The author, one of the most eminent pathologists of Italy in the 19th century obtained his MD at Bologna, and was later Professor of Clinical Medicine at Florence in 1835. He was elected a Senator in 1860. An opponent of the theories of Brown and Rasori, he rejected the use of excessive blood-letting and was in favour of the use of opium.
Dudley Wilmot Buxton, born in 1855, was educated at University College London and University College Hospital, qualifying MB and BS in 1882 and MD in 1883. He held residents posts at UCH, and worked with Sydney Ringer, Professor of Medicine at University College. At this time, their work concerned the action of certain drugs on the heart. However, from 1885 Buxton confined his work to anaesthetics. In 1901 the British Medical Association appointed him Honorary Secretary of the Special Chloroform Committee, which presented its final report in 1910. During his career he worked in anaesthetics at the National Hospital, Queen Square; the Hospital for Women, Soho Square; the King George V Hospital (during the First World War) and latterly at UCH and The Royal Dental Hospital. He retired in 1919.
Buxton's influence was considerable: he believed that every doctor entering practice should have a competent knowledge of anaesthetics, a subject that had not been taught until the end of the nineteeth century. He married Louisa Clarke in 1884 and they had three sons. Buxton died on 28 June 1931.
Very little information has been found concerning the compiler of this material. He was born at Saint Symphorien le Château en Lyonnais on December 26, 1769 at 8.15 a.m. [Cf. Horoscope in MS. 1566], and his father seems to have been Pierre Chaussegros [1735-1792], born in the same place, and killed at Speyer, probably in 1792, when that city was captured by the French Revolutionary army. [Ibid]. Vital was imprisoned in 1795 by the Committee of Public Safety [cf. MS. 1582]. Chaussegros seems to have been an ardent student of occultism and in his later works used a very strange form of semi-phonetic spelling. Albert Poisson, in the third volume of his 'Bibliothèque Hermétique [MS. No. 3936] on fol. 45, speaks of him as 'fou ou fourbe'. (68449)
Pierre Chirac was the most celebrated physician of his day; he obtained his MD at Montpellier in 1683, and by 1687 was Professor of Medicine. He was elected a Member of the Académie des Sciences in 1716, became head of the Jardin du Roi in 1718, and physician to Louis XV in 1731.
Joseph Thomas Clover was born at Aylsham, Norfolk in 1825. After leaving Grey Friars Priory School he worked as an apprentice to a surgeon, and became a dresser at the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital in 1842. In 1844 he entered University College Hospital as Physician's Assistant and House Surgeon to Thomas Morton and James Syme. In August 1848 he was appointed Resident Medical Officer. He may have been present at the first major operation in England to use an anaesthetic, when, in December 1846, Robert Liston amputated a patient's thigh using open ether. Clover spent the rest of his life studying and experimenting with the administration of anaesthetics, inventing several pieces of equipment for this purpose. He became a lecturer in anaesthetics at University College Hospital and an administrator of anasethetics at the Dental Hospital, positions he held at the time of his death on 27 September 1882. He was survived by his wife, Mary Anne (neé Hall) and four children.
The compiler's name is given in MS.185 under the anagram 'Tessun Celi Terenzi', which appears to be equivalent to 'Terenzi Celestinus'. In MS. 186, by the same hand, the anagram is spelt 'Tessun Coeli' which would become 'Coelestinus'.
Sir Astley Paston Cooper was born in Brooke Hall, Norfolk, in 1768. He was educated at home. He was articled to his uncle, William Cooper, senior surgeon at Guy's Hospital in London, in 1784. He lived in the house of Henry Cline, surgeon at nearby St Thomas's Hospital, whom he became apprenticed to instead. He became Cline's anatomy demonstrator in 1789, and he shared the lectures on anatomy and surgery with Cline, in 1791. He attended lectures by Desault and Chopart in Paris, in 1792. Cooper taught at St Thomas's and worked in dissections and lectured in anatomy and surgery, during the 1790s. A compilation of notes based on his lectures was published in 1820 titled Outlines of Lectures on Surgery, which went through many editions.
From 1793 until 1796 Cooper was also lecturer in anatomy at the Company of Surgeons (after 1800 the Royal College of Surgeons). In 1800 his uncle, William Cooper, resigned as surgeon to Guy's Hospital and Cooper was elected to the post. He was elected Professor of Comparative Anatomy at the Royal College of Surgeons in 1813-1815. He became a member of the court of examiners of the College in 1822, and he served as President twice, in 1827 and 1836. He was also a Vice-President of the Royal Society, to whose fellowship he had been elected in 1802, and won the Society's Copley medal. He was a member of the Physical Society at Guy's. the Medico-Chirurgical Society, and the Pow-Wow, a medical dining club started by John Hunter.
He was created a baronet in 1821. He died in 1840.
Benjamin Travers was born in Cheapside, London, in 1783. He was educated at the grammar school in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, and then privately. He was a pupil of Astley Cooper from 1800-1806. During this time he gave occasional demonstrations and set up a weekly clinical society. He took his diploma and became MRCS in 1806. He was appointed demonstrator of anatomy at Guy's Hospital, and was appointed surgeon to the East India Company's warehouses and brigade in 1809. He was elected surgeon to St Thomas' Hospital in 1815, as well as the London Infirmary for Diseases of the Eye (now Moorfields Eye Hospital), where he succeeded Astley Cooper, and remained until 1816. He resigned his joint lectureship with Astley Cooper in 1819. He began to lecture again in 1834, with Frederick Tyrell at St Thomas' Hospital. He was appointed surgeon to Queen Victoria in 1837 and to Prince Albert in 1840. He was elected FRCS in 1813; Member of Council, 1839-1858; Examiner in surgery, 1841-1858; Chairman of the Board of Midwifery Examiners, 1855; Vice-President, 1845, 1846, 1854 and 1855; President, 1847 and 1856; and he was Huntarian Orator in 1838. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1813. He was elected president of the Hunterian Society in 1827, as well as President of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society. He died in 1858.
A 'Mr Coynes [sic] Surgeon and Apothecary' is entered for Holywell in the Medical Register for 1780, but his name is not to be found in the 1783 edition.
No information at present
Edgar Ferdinand Cyriax was born in 1874 and was originally Swedish. He was the son-in-law of [Jonas] Henrik Kellgren, who was an important figure in the late-nineteenth century spread of Swedish remedial gymnastics and massage to other parts of Europe. Like Kellgren, Cyriax based himself in London, where in addition to practising he studied the bibliography and history of manipulative treatment. He lectured in physiology at the Central Institute for Swedish Gymnastics, London. At his death in 1955 he left a large collection of books, pamphlets and papers on the subject.
John Bernard Davey was born in 1875 and trained at Middlesex Hospital and University College London, graduating M.B. in 1900. He was Principal Medical Officer in Tanganyika from 1902 to 1919 and again from 1940 to 1942. He died in 1967.
Pierre Joseph Desault was surgeon in chief at the l'Hôtel-Dieu, Paris. He afterwards practised at Caen.
Charles Donovan was born in 1863 and gained his M.D. from Trinity College, Dublin, in 1889, joining the Indian Medical Service. After active service on the North-West Frontier he became Professor of Physiology at Madras Medical College and Superintendent of Royahpettah Hospital. He discovered the causative agent of the disease kala-azar in what were later named "Leishman-Donovan bodies". He died in 1951.
Unknown
Pierre Eloyr Fouquier obtained his MD at the École de Medecine, Paris, in 1802, and was professor of medicine at the Faculté de Médecine, Paris, as well as a member of the Académie de Médecine in 1820. In 1840 he was physician to King Louis Philippe and President of the Academie.
The author obtained his M.D. at Montpellier, and later became physician to the Hôpital de la Charité in Paris. He was towards the end of his career Inspecteur des Eaux minérales de France.
On the title page of MS.2801 the author describes himself as 'A.B. e Coll. Reg. Oxon, et ejusdem Collegii Taberdarius'. Pasted inside the cover is an engraved label 'Erasmus Head M.A. Prebendary of Carlisle'.
The authoress was the daughter of the Suffolk Antiquary, Henry Jermyn [1767-1820]. She married her cousin James Jermyn [ -1852], the philologist.
Jacques Lazerme was a celebrated lecturer and physician of his day, graduated MD at Montpellier in 1703, and was appointed Professor of Medicine at this university in 1720.
Louis Lepecq de la Cloture was born at Caen and graduated M.D. at the university. He was later professor of surgery, and afterwards held a similar post at the Hôtel-Dieu at Rouen.
John Lillie D.D. was the grandfather of the biologist Denis Gascoigne Lillie (b 1888).
The author was a younger brother of C. I. Lorinser and obtained his MD and MS at Vienna in 1848-1851. He worked mainly at the Vienna Allgemeines Krankenhaus, and later founded the Orthopaedic Institute.
Robert McConnell was born in Montreal in 1877 and graduated M.D. and C.M. at McGill University. He was a member, with Lt.Col. George James Giles (1858-1916) of the Indian Medical Service, of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine's 14th expedition, to the Gold Coast to organise sanitary and anti-malaria measures. He became Medical Officer of Uganda in 1910. In 1928 he appears in the Medical Register as working for an oil company in Colombia; in the 1929 Register he is no longer present, presumably dead.
The author obtained his MD at Edinburgh in 1874 and was a Fellow of the Geological Society. After retirement from practice in London, he lived in Guernsey and was elected Jurat of the Royal Court: he died at Bournemouth.
Donald Percy McDonald graduated MB, BCh from Oriel College, Oxford in 1912, and after practising in Oxford was commissioned in the RAMC in 1917. On the recommendation of Fieldmarshal Lord Allenby he joined the Indian Medical Service in 1920, and later became Professor of Surgery at Rangoon University. He retired in 1942 with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel.
Sir James Mackenzie was elected FRS in 1915, and is chiefly known for his researches into the irregularity of heart rhythms (for further information see the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography).
Malpighi was appointed Papal physician in 1691.
Patrick Manson was born in 1844 and studied medicine at Aberdeen University, passing M.B. and C.M. in 1865. In 1866 he became medical officer of Formosa for the Chinese imperial maritime customs, moving to Amoy in 1871. Here, while working on elephantoid diseases, he discovered in the tissues of blood-sucking mosquitoes the developmental phase of filaria worms. From 1883 to 1889 he was based in Hong Kong, where he set up a school of medicine that developed into the university and medical school of Hong Kong. Returning to London, he became physician to the Seaman's Hospital in 1892. He played a central role in the development of tropical medicine as a distinct discipline, publishing on tropical diseases, being instrumental in the setting up of the London School of Tropical Medicine in 1899, and becoming physician and advisor to the Colonial Office in 1897. He propounded the theory that malaria was propagated by mosquitoes, a theory to be proved by Sir Ronald Ross (1857-1932). He was made F.R.S. in 1900 and K.C.M.G. in 1903; he died in 1922.