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Albert Poisson is described by Caillet, as 'savant alchimiste moderne, né et mort à Paris. Étudiant de médecine'. He wrote several works on Alchemy and translated some ancient alchemical texts. He used the pseudonym 'Philophotos'.
Not known.
Individuals documented here include: George Rolleston (1829-1881), Professor of Anatomy and Physiology at Oxford University, and his wife Grace; His eldest son Sir Humphrey Davy Rolleston KCB (1862-1944), who was President of the Röntgen Society 1922-1923, a younger son was John Davy Rolleston (1873-1946). F.R.S.; His younger son John Davy Rolleston (1873-1946) Physician, who obtained his M.D. at Oxford in 1904. He was appointed Medical Superintendent of the Metropolitan Asylums Board in 1926 and was elected F.R.C.P. in 1931.
The two compilers of these MSS. are the same as those of MS. No. 210 (Consultationes], the later hand may be that of Pierre Rivallier [1644- ],a physician at Nîmes.
Born, 1615; educated at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge (BA, 1637, MA, 1640) and Merton College, Oxford (MD, 1646); Physician to Charles II, 1660-1683; Physician to James II and William and Mary; Member of Parliament for Camelford in Cornwall, 1685-1687; died, 1694.
G. Sisco was the first Professor of Clinical Surgery and Forensic Medicine at Rome University, and was appointed in 1788 by Pope Pius VI: he had held the Chair of Anatomy from 1781.
Skirving, who graduated MB, CM at Edinburgh University in 1893, was lecturer in surgery at the Edinburgh School of Medicine. He served in the South African War [1899-1901], and in the First World War [1914-1918] as Major in the RAMC Mul Raj Soni graduated MB, ChB in 1918, and practised in Manchester. His name disappears from the Register in 1949.
G. W. Issac qualified at Edinburgh in 1882, and had a large practice in Bloomsbury, London [cf. B.M.J. 1931, ii, p. 681.].
Gaetano Termanini was Professor of Surgery and Obstetrics at Bologna University.
The author obtained his MD at Durham University in 1895, and was Assistant Medical Officer at Chatham Lunatic Asylum. He practised at Leytonstone 1895-1902, and later at Balham. His name is not found in the Register after 1933. His theories on tuberculosis received a derogatory notice in the British Medical Journal 1907, i, p. 383.
Mons. Verrier appears to have been a member of the staff of the École Vétérinaire at Alfort.
George Wallich was born in 1815, the son of the Danish (later naturalised British) botanist Nathaniel Wallich (1786-1854). He qualified M.D. in Edinburgh in 1834 and served in the Indian Medical Service. He also wrote on marine biology. In the latter field he was increasingly convinced that his claims to primacy in various research discoveries were being ignored, and engaged in feuds with various scientific figures of the day. He died in 1899.
The author was a surgeon in the Indian Medical Service. He was promoted to Assistant Surgeon in 1849, and Surgeon in 1864. After serving in Jamaica as a surgeon he joined the Indian Medical Service and was stationed in the State of Travancore. Returning to England he took his FRCS in 1864 and obtained his MD at Aberdeen the next year. He was an early advocate of 'Cottage hospitals' and in later life devoted himself to medical philanthropic work (cf. BMJ 1891, i pp. 264, 265).
[Anna] Justina [Augusta] Wilson was born in 1863. Following her marriage she lived in India but returned to Europe following her husband's early retirement. After travelling widely in Europe, and studying massage in Sweden and Germany, she founded a School of Massage in Baker Street, London, about 1909. This later merged with the Swedish Institute in Cromwell Road, London (founded by Dr. Mary Hawkes), with Justina Wilson becoming Head of the merged institution. She embarked upon conventional medical training at the Royal Free Hospital whilst still Head of the Swedish Institute and also whilst in private practice, taking the Scottish triple qualification and the L.S.A. in 1916. She was a clinical assistant at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London, and the National Hospital for Diseases of the Heart, and also took charge of the orthopaedic department of the Miller Hospital, Greenwich, before taking charge of the Electrotherapeutic Department of the Royal Free Hospital; she later took the same post at St. Mary's Hospital, London. She obtained the qualifications D.M.R.E. in 1920, M.R.C.P.E. in 1924 and F.R.C.P.E. in 1928; she was also an honorary member of the Chartered Society of Physiotherapists. She died in 1949.
Gustave Jules Alphonse Witkowski was born in 1844 and trained as a doctor, presenting his MD thesis in 1872. He also wrote widely on a variety of subjects, chiefly upon medical history but also upon art and history in general. He died in 1923. A little further information may be found in [G.J. Witkowski], Docteur G.J. Witkowski : autobiographie (Paris?: no publisher noted, 1917).
Henry Dundas was born 28 April 1742. He was educated at Edinburgh High School and Edinburgh University and was admitted as a member of the Faculty of Advocates in 1763. His family connections and skills as a public orator ensured him a thriving business as a barrister and at the age of twenty-four he was appointed Solicitor General for Scotland. From October 1774-1790 Henry Dundas served as a member of the House of Commons and in 1775 he was appointed Lord Advocate, a post he held until 1783. Henry Dundas' links with India began in April 1781 when he was appointed chairman of a secret committee on the war in the Carnatic and British possessions in India. The following year Dundas was appointed Minister Treasurer of the Navy, entered the Privy Council and took the office of the Keeper of the Scotch Signet. Although Dundas lost his job as Minister Treasurer of the Navy in 1783 he was made a member of the Board of Control for India in 1784 and became its President from 1793-1802. During this period he held a number of other political appointments most notably from 1791-1794 as Home Secretary, during which he defended the East India Company as Secretary of War in 1794 and as Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland in 1800. He was created Viscount Melville in 1802 and was First Lord of the Admiralty from May 1804-1805. It was following this appointment that he was accused of using monies for purposes other than the Navy. In June 1805 he was called upon to defend himself in the House of Commons and there was some debate over whether he should stand trial or face impeachment. The impeachment before the House of Lords took place in April 1806 and eventually Dundas was acquitted of all charges. He never again held public office and died on 28 May 1811.
Founded by Thomas Holloway (1800-1883), the hospital opened in 1885 as an asylum for the middle and upper classes. It closed in 1981.
The case concerned Richard Paternoster's claim for damages after he was seized and certified as a lunatic in 1838. Witnesses included Edward James Seymour, Commissioner in Lunacy, Benjamin Hawes, MP, and Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Richard Paternoster went on to publish, in 1841, The madhouse system, a pamphlet attacking 'the absurdities of the Lunacy Act'.
Alec Haggis was a staff member of Wellcome Historical Medical Museum.
Thomas Graham was born in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, and studied medicine at Edinburgh University from 1835 (MD 1838). In 1841 he was appointed an assistant naval surgeon by the Board of Admiralty, serving initially at Melville Hospital, Chatham, then aboard HMS Warspite in home waters, in the Atlantic, American waters, and the Mediterranean between 1841 and 1846. In that year he was commissioned as assistant surgeon of HMS Madagascar, serving mainly in the west of Ireland, where he took a prominent part in assisting the relief of distress during the Famine. In 1849 he was commissioned with the same rank to HMS Hastings, based in Hong Kong, travelling out to meet her aboard the troopship Apollo. In March 1850 he was promoted surgeon, to serve on HMS Phlegethon at Whampoa (now Huangpu), but died a few weeks later on 13 July 1850 from malaria. He is buried on Dane's Island, near Canton (Guangzhou).
Florence Nightingale was born to a wealthy family in 1820. She entered into cottage visiting and nursing early, and from 1844 to 1855 visited hospitals in London and abroad. Returning from an 1849-1850 tour of Egypt she visited the Kaiserswerth Institute for deaconesses and nurses and trained here as a nurse in 1851. In 1853 she became Superintendent of the Hospital for Invalid Gentlewomen in London. In 1855 at the invitation of Sidney Herbert she took a party of nurses to the Crimean War, serving at the hospital in Scutari Barracks and also visiting Balaclava. On her return to the United Kingdom she engaged in a campaign for the sanitary reforms that she had instituted in the Crimea to be accepted as general practice. Her campaigning led to the foundation of the Nightingale School and Home for Nurses at St. Thomas's Hospital, London. She was also involved in campaigning for humanitarian aid during the Franco-Prussian War, for improved sanitation in India, and for cottage hospitals in the United Kingdom. She died in 1910.
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James Adam was superintendent of the Metropolitan District Asylum at Caterham, Surrey, and of Crichton Royal Institution, Dumfries. On Adam's career, cf. C E Easterbrook, The chronicle of Crichton Royal (Dumfries, 1940).
The pharmacy, at 20 Fore Street, Taunton, Somerset was run by R Woollatt until 1906, and thereafter by J Boyd.
Sir Morell Mackenzie was a physician and laryngologist.
J E L Bashford served in the Royal Navy. He served with HMS VIRAGO, a destroyer on the China station, and HMS VERNON.
William Gelder was a chemist and druggist he was a dispensing and visiting assistant to [R Lucie] Reed, surgeon, at Whitechapel Road, London, Mar-Nov 1832, and in the employ of Mr Cope, a wholesale, retail and manufacturing chemist and druggist in Edinburgh, Mar-Aug 1834.
Charles Hall was an army surgeon from 1758-1783, and served in the American War of Independence. He took an MD from Marischal College, Aberdeen, in 1782. He settled in Shrewsbury, where he published The medical family instructor in 1785, based partly on lectures by William Hunter. He is confused in the DNB and elsewhere with Charles Hall (1745?-1825?), and MD of Leiden.
Roy Lee Moodie was palaeopathologist to the Wellcome Historical Medical Museum.
Jonathan Pereira (1804-1853) was born in Shoreditch, London, of Sephardic Jewish descent, and educated locally. At sixteen he was articled to an apothecary in the City Road, then in 1821 became a student at the General Dispensary, Aldersgate Street. He attended courses in chemistry, materia medica, and practical medicine by Henry Clutterbuck, on natural philosophy by George Birkbeck, and on botany by William Lambe. Shortly before his nineteenth birthday he qualified as as licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries and became apothecary to the Aldersgate dispensary. Thereafter he also studied surgery at St Bartholomew's Hospital, qualifying as a surgeon in 1825.
Whilst at the Aldersgate dispensary he taught widely, giving private lessons to medical students and writing textbooks: he published Synopsis of the Chemical Decomposition that takes place in the Preparations of the London Pharmacopoeia in 1823, an English translation of the newly revised Pharmacopoeia Londinensis and Selectae e praescriptis (a selection of medical prescriptions) in 1824, A Manual for the Use of [Medical] Students in 1826 and A General Table of Atomic Numbers with an Introduction to Atomic Theory in 1827. He had succeeded Clutterbuck as the dispensary's lecturer in chemistry in 1826 and in 1828 began to teach materia medica. Teaching duties slowed down his publication schedule from 1827 to 1835 but proved lucrative.
In 1832 he was appointed Professor of Materia Medica at the new medical school in Aldersgate Street and lecturer in chemistry at the London Hospital. In 1841 he became Assistant Physician to the London Hospital, having passed the examination to become a Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians after a quick course of study, and obtained the degree of MD from Erlangen. In 1845 he became a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, and was made a member of the pharmacopoeial committee and curator of the museum. He became full physician at the London Hospital in 1851.
His work on The Elements of Materia Medica and Therapeutics first appeared in 1839, based upon his published lectures; an enlarged second edition followed in 1842. He spent much of the succeeding years working on the third edition but died before all parts were complete; it was published in 1853 having been completed by Alfred Swaine Taylor and George Owen Rees. The work improved upon all previous publications on materia medica through its scientific exactitude. During these years he was also closely associated with Jacob Bell in the setting up of the Pharmaceutical Society.
In 1838 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. He was a fellow of the Linnean Society and a member of the Phrenological Society and the Meteorological Society.
He died in 1853.
Born, 1840; apprenticed in 1856 to his great-uncle, William Robinson Martindale; Martindale went to London to gain further experience for two years he worked with James Merrel, 1862; attended the Pharmaceutical Society's school of pharmacy at Bloomsbury Square, passed the 'minor' examination in 1864 and the 'major' 1866; assistant at the pharmacy and manufacturing house of T. N. R. Morson in Southampton Row; pharmacist to the University College Hospital, where also he taught pharmacy in the medical school and became demonstrator in materia medica, 1868-; carried out original research, such as that on carbolic acid plaster and dressings with Joseph Lister, and he improved excipients for pills, and bases for pessaries and suppositories; took over the New Cavendish Street pharmacy of Hopkin and Williams, 1873; examiner for the Pharmaceutical Society, 1873-1883; Elected to the Pharmaceutical Society's council in 1889, treasurer in 1898 and then president for the year 1899–1900; died, 1902.
Publications: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (1883)
Joseph Jackson Lister was a wine merchant and amateur British opticist and physicist and the father of Joseph Lister. He carried out the research in the design of lenses that transformed the microscope.
David Urquhart (1805-1877) was a diplomat and a pioneer of the Turkish Bath in the United Kingdom, helping to establish one in Jermyn Street, London. His wife Harriet Angelina Urquhart (née Fortesque) was a literary figure under the pen-name 'Caritas'.
Unknown
Jordanus Ruffus or Giordano Ruffo was farrier to Frederick II (1194-1250), Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily, in the later 13th century.
Humboldt , Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr , von , 1769-1859 , naturalist and explorer
Born in Berlin, 1769; educated, Freiberg Academy of Mines under the famous geologist A G Werner; hiked around Europe with George Forester, Captain James Cook's scientific illustrator from his second voyage; government mines inspector in Franconia, Prussia, 1792-1800; expedition with botanist Aime Bonpland in South America, 1800-1803; lived in France, 1804-1827; King of Prussia's advisor, 1827-; invited to make geographical explorations of Russia by the tsar: discovered permafrost and recommended that Russia establish weather observatories across the country which were set up in 1835; gave public lectures in Berlin, 1827-1828; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1856-1859, died, 1859.
Publications: Kosmos (1845)
Joshua Webster (1709?-1801), MD, formulated his patent remedy "Dr. Webster's diet drink", or "Cerevisia Anglicana" in 1742. Shortly before his death Webster gave the recipe to Samuel Slee, a wine merchant in Southwark, whence it was inherited by his son, Edward Slee (d c 1836). In 1835 Edward Slee entered into partnership with one George Pike (d 1854), who also married Slee's daughter, Eliza. After Pike's death, Eliza Pike and her son George Pike junior (b 1835) continued trading as Edward Slee and Co, based at successive locations in the London area - Kennington, Lee, Harlington and Hounslow. Edward Slee and Co seem to have ceased trading shortly after the turn of the century.
The Harland family were based in Scarborough, North Yorkshire.
Dr. William Harland (1786?-1866) trained at Edinburgh before practising in Scarborough; he was three times Mayor of the town, a friend of the engineer George Stephenson and the designer of a steam-powered car.
His son Dr. William Aurelius Harland (1822-1858) likewise trained at Edinburgh; as a consequence of an unwise marriage to a servant girl (see MS. 7682/22-23), he left England for Hong Kong in 1846. Here he became resident surgeon of the Victoria Seamen's Hospital and studied natural history, mineralogy and Chinese medical jurisprudence, publishing extensively in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. He died of a fever in 1858, shortly before he was due to publish a study of the natural history of Hong Kong.
Another son of Dr. William Harland, Edward Harland (1831-1895) (whom the letters mention in passing), was joint founder of the Harland and Wolff ship-building firm.
"On William Aurelius Harland, collector of Hong Kong plants" by James R. Troyer, in Archives of natural history (Vol. 24, pt. 1 (Feb. 1997), pp.149-152), gives further information but gives his birth-date as 1818/19 on the basis of an error in the age given on his tombstone.
John Davy (1790-1868) was a physiologist and anatomist, and the younger brother of the chemist Sir Humphrey Davy. He spent his career as a military surgeon and became Inspector of Hospitals.
Thomas Brigstocke Humphreys was a chemist in Portmadoc, he appears later to have relocated to London since some of the ephemera in the volume carry the same name but with an address in Blackheath.
Richard Ernest Crompton was a 41-year-old gas-inspector in Bolton who enlisted in the RAMC in August 1915 for the duration of the war and served with the 93rd Field Ambulance. He was a widower with two daughters, Celia and Dora, apparently being looked after by his sister-in-law, Margaret Rushton.