Charles Donovan was born in 1863 and gained his M.D. from Trinity College, Dublin, in 1889, joining the Indian Medical Service. After active service on the North-West Frontier he became Professor of Physiology at Madras Medical College and Superintendent of Royahpettah Hospital. He discovered the causative agent of the disease kala-azar in what were later named "Leishman-Donovan bodies". He died in 1951.
Joseph Everett Dutton was born in Higher Bebington in Cheshire. His date of birth is given as 1874 by the Dictionary of National Biography, although his obituary notices suggest a slightly later date. He studied at Liverpool University, graduating M.D. and C.M. John Lancelot Todd was born in Canada in 1876 and graduated B.A., M.D. and C.M. at McGill University, Montreal. Both men, singly or together, were members of expeditions sent by Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine to West and Central Africa to investigate particular tropical diseases. Dutton was a member of the Third Expedition, to Nigeria in 1900 (studying malaria); the Sixth and Tenth Expeditions, to Gambia in 1901 and 1902 respectively (studying malaria and trypanosomiasis); and the Twelfth Expedition, to the Congo Free State in 1904-1905 (studying trypanosomiasis). He is notable for identifying, during the Sixth Expedition, a trypanosome parasitic upon human beings rather than animals. Todd accompanied him on the Tenth and Twelfth Expeditions (and was subsequently a member of the Twenty-Seventh, sent to Gambia in January 1911, in which he was accompanied by Dr. Simeon Burt Wolbach (1880-1954)). On the Twelfth Expedition both contracted Spirillum Fever. Todd recovered but Dutton died in February 1905 and was buried at Kosongo, Congo. Todd in his subsequent career was Director, during the years 1905-1907, of the Runcorn Research Laboratory established by the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine to maintain the various strains of typanosomes and spirochaetes collected during African expeditions; in 1907 he returned to Canada and from 1907 to 1926 served as Professor of Parasitology at McGill University. He served as a Major in the Canadian Army Medical Corps in France during the First World War and in 1920 was a member of the Typhus Research Commission sent out by the American Red Cross. He died in Canada in 1949.
The Ebers Papyrus was named after its owner, Georg Moritz Ebers (1837-1898) and comprises an ancient Egyptian text on medicine. A translation from ancient Egyptian into German was published by Dr. Heinrich Joachim in 1890. These papers comprise a translation of Joachim's work into English by Dr. Arthur F. Hopkirk.
From 1813 Faraday was Chemistry Assistant at the Laboratory of the Royal Institution, first to Sir Humphrey Davy [1778-1829], and then to William Thomas Brande [1788-1866], for whose lectures these extensive notes were compiled.
Baron Ernst von Feuchtersleben (1806-1849) was a distinguished philosopher, poet and critic who qualified at Vienna University in 1833. In 1840 he was secretary of the newly founded Vienna Medical Society, and in 1844 professor of mental diseases becoming Dean of the Faculty of Medicine in the next year. In the national troubles of 1848 he was Under-Secretary of State, but shortly resigned as his liberalizing views were rejected. His patients were frequently from the Viennese artistic and literary circles.
Antoine Fizes was a physician from Montpellier.
Unknown
Pierre Eloyr Fouquier obtained his MD at the École de Medecine, Paris, in 1802, and was professor of medicine at the Faculté de Médecine, Paris, as well as a member of the Académie de Médecine in 1820. In 1840 he was physician to King Louis Philippe and President of the Academie.
The author obtained his M.D. at Montpellier, and later became physician to the Hôpital de la Charité in Paris. He was towards the end of his career Inspecteur des Eaux minérales de France.
Frederick Gardiner was an eminent dermatologist who obtained his M.D. at Edinburgh in 1902, and became physician to the Royal Infirmary there. He was afterwards Professor of Dermatology. For further biographical information see the B.M.J. 1933, ii, p. 548.
George Paterson matriculated at Leyden University in 1763.
Estienne Louis Geoffroy was son of Estienne François Geoffroy [1672-1731], and nephew of Claude Joseph Geoffroy [1685-1752], a member of the Faculté de Médecine of Paris.
Born in Paris, 1805; appointed assistant naturalist to his father, 1824; taught zoology at the Athne, and teratology at the Ecole pratique, 1829-1831; elected a member of the French Academy of Sciences, 1833; Faculty of Sciences in Paris, 1837; Faculty of Sciences in Bordeaux, 1838; Inspector of the Academy of Paris, 1840; Professor of the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 1841; Inspector-general of the University, 1844; member of the Royal Council for Public Instruction, 1845; Professor of Zoology at the Faculty of Sciences, 1850; founded the Acclimatization Society of Paris, of which he was President, 1854; died, 1861.
Giberti received his Doctorate in Medicine at Avignon in 1690, and, after a stay in Paris, returned to his native town of Pernes in 1695 where he remained for the rest of his long life.
Rickman Godlee was a Quaker, surgeon and biographer of Lord Lister. For further information see the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
Graham became professor at Andersonian University, Glasgow, 1830-1837, and at University College, London, 1837-1855. He was Master of the Mint, 1855 to his death. For further information see the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
John Gregory was born, 1864; Geological Department of the Natural History Museum, 1887; expedition to Kenya, 1891; accompanied Lord Conway across Spitsbergen, 1896; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1893-1932; Professor of Geology, Melbourne, 1901; led an expedition around Lake Eyre; Chair of Geology at Glasgow University, 1904-1929; Government Commission into the working and organising of Calcutta University, 1917; undertook many travels including a trip to Chinese Tibet, 1922; President of the Geological Society of London, 1928-1930; trip to South America, 1931 on which he died, 1932.
John Gregory was born, 1864; Geological Department of the Natural History Museum, 1887; expedition to Kenya, 1891; accompanied Lord Conway across Spitsbergen, 1896; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1893-1932; Professor of Geology, Melbourne, 1901; led an expedition around Lake Eyre; Chair of Geology at Glasgow University, 1904-1929; Government Commission into the working and organising of Calcutta University, 1917; undertook many travels including a trip to Chinese Tibet, 1922; President of the Geological Society of London, 1928-1930; trip to South America, 1931 on which he died, 1932.
William Cullen was born, Hamilton, Lanarkshire, 1710; educated, Glasgow University, and became pupil of a physician; surgeon to a merchant ship, 1729; apothecary's assistant, London; practiced at Auchinlee, near Hamilton, 1731-1732; student, Edinburgh Medical School, 1734-1736; practiced as a surgeon in Hamilton, 1736-1744; chief magistrate of Hamilton, 1739-1740; graduated MD, Glasgow, 1740; practiced in Glasgow, 1744-; founded a medical school, lecturing on medicine and several other subjects; made some discoveries on the evolution of heat in chemical combinations and the cooling of solutions; Professor of Medicine, Glasgow University, 1751; joint Professor of Chemistry, Edinburgh University; began to give clinical lectures in the infirmary, 1757; delivered a course of lectures on materia medica, continuing his chemistry course, 1760-1761; Professor of the 'Institutes' or theory of physic, Edinburgh University, 1766-1773; lectured in alternate years on the theory and the practice of medicine with John Gregory; Professor of the Practice of Physic, Edinburgh University, 1773-1789; President, Edinburgh College of Physicians, 1773-1775; helped prepare the new edition of the 'Edinburgh Pharmacopeia', 1774; foreign associate of the Royal Society of Medicine at Paris, 1776; Fellow, Royal Society of London, 1777; died, 1790.
John Haighton was physician and physiologist, and had worked under Cline and John Hunter. He qualified MD at London and lectured on midwifery and physiology at Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals, as well as lecturing on midwifery and obstetrics at an anatomy theatre in Southwark in collaboration with William Lowder. See the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography for further information.
William Lowder graduated doctor of medicine, Aberdeen, 1775; licentiate of the College of Physicians, 1786; practised midwifery; lectured at Guy's Hospital and at the anatomy theatre he and John Haighton ran in St. Saviour's churchyard, Southwark, died, 1801.
Halliburton was a distinguished physiologist and biochemist. He was Professor of Physiology at King's College, London from 1890 to 1923, and was elected FRS in 1891. For further information see the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
Hambleton was President of the Polytechnic Physical Development Society.
David James Hamilton (1849-1909) was Professor of Pathology at Aberdeen University from 1882, and was elected F.R.S. in 1908. For further biographical information see the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
George Washington Isaac (1857-1931) qualified at Edinburgh in 1882, and practised in Bloomsbury, London. For further information see the BMJ, 1931, i, 681.
Sir John Jacob Hansler was the first person to be knighted by Queen Victoria after her accession to the throne in 1837: he was elected F.R.S. in 1838.
George Harley was lecturer on physiology and histology at University College, London from 1855, and Professor of Medical Jurisprudence there in 1859 [see the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography].
Matthew Hay was Professor of Forensic Medicine at Aberdeen University 1883-1926, and was Medical Officer of Health for Aberdeen from 1888 to 1923.
On the title page of MS.2801 the author describes himself as 'A.B. e Coll. Reg. Oxon, et ejusdem Collegii Taberdarius'. Pasted inside the cover is an engraved label 'Erasmus Head M.A. Prebendary of Carlisle'.
Not known at present.
Not known at present.
The author was at the School of Mines 1876-1881, and was later D.Sc. of London University and Professor of Experimental Physics.
Not known at present.
In the note on the first leaf of MS.2863 Henry Holden MD is described as having been one of the Senior Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford. He obtained his MD in 1700, lived at Erdington, and was buried at Aston Church, Birmingham.
A W J Haggis was employed by the Wellcome Historical Medical Museum and carried out historical research on a number of topics, including work specifically for Henry Wellcome. In 1939-1944 he was commissioned by the Wellcome Trust to write 'The Life and Work of Sir Henry Wellcome' (this remains unpublished although copies can be found in the Wellcome Archive); also, an Oxford D Phil thesis on 'An historical survey of English ecclesiastical and secular medical licensing systems between the years 1512 and 1858' was left unfinished at his death.
Unknown.
Edward Morell Holmes described himself as a "Consulting Botanist and Pharmacognosist" and was the author of many papers on botany and materia medica. He was lecturer in botany at the Westminster Hospital School from 1873 to 1876, lecturer in materia medica to the Pharmaceutical Society from 1887 to 1890, and Curator of the Museum of the Pharmaceutical Society from 1872 to 1922. In 1900 he was President to the British Pharmaceutical Conference. For an obituary see the Pharmaceutical Journal, 1930, 4th series, 71, pp.284-286.
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was a Tuscan (Italian) physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher.
The College of Medicine for Chinese was set up in Hong Kong on the initiative of James Cantlie (1851-1926) and Patrick Manson (1844-1922) during the 1880s, and developed into the medical school of the Hong Kong University. Sun Yat Sen (1860-1925), later first President of the Chinese Republic, was one of its first pupils.
Robert Hooper was MA and MB of Pembroke College, Oxford in 1804, and MD at St. Andrews, Aberdeen in 1803. He practised in Savile Row, London, and was the compiler of a Medical Dictionary first published in 1798 which ran into many editions.
John Hope was Professor of Botany at Edinburgh University in 1761. He had obtained his MD at Glasgow in 1750, and was later elected FRS.
John Horne took his MD at Edinburgh in 1859 and practised in Scarborough. He became Honorary Consulting Surgeon to the Scarborough Hospital and Dispensary, and Honorary Consulting Physician to the Scarborough Cottage Hospital. He was also a Justice of the Peace. His date of death is given variously as 1911 or 1913.
Jamieson Boyd Hurry was born in 1857 and took his M.D. at Cambridge in 1885. For over 40 years he practised medicine in Reading. His main medical interest was in "vicious circles" in individual and social pathology; he also published several works on the history of Reading and of its abbey. He died in 1930 and his final work, on the woad plant, was published shortly after his death.
Unknown.
The authoress was the daughter of the Suffolk Antiquary, Henry Jermyn [1767-1820]. She married her cousin James Jermyn [ -1852], the philologist.
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Surgeon-in-chief of the Napoleonic army, a key influence on the treatment of military casualties on the battlefield. Wife Charlotte Elisabeth (1770-1842); daughter [Charlotte] Isaure (1798-1855), afterwards Mme Périer; son Félix Hippolyte Larrey (1808-1895).