FRGS 1882-1886
Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1913-1962.
Born Aberdeen 1843; educated Dollar Academy and Marischal College Aberdeen; left university prematurely to take up watchmaking apprenticeship aged 17; took up astronomy 1863; visted Pulkovo Observatory, St Petersburg and Germany, 1873; observed Transit of Venus in Mauritius, 1874-1976; visited Ascension to observe Mars, 1876; Her Majesty's Astronomer at Cape of Good Hope, 1879-1907; pioneered photography in astronomy especially from 1882 resulting in the publication of the magnitudes and positions of more than 455,000 stars; organised geodetic survey of South Africa, largely completed by 1897; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1883; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1890-1914; died 1914.
In 1918 the Royal Geographical Society (RGS) put forward to the Secretary of State for India proposals for a preliminary expedition to Mount Everest. Initialy refused, the Tibetan Government finally gave permission for a British expedtion to proceed into Tibet in 1921. The RGS and the Alpine Club formed the Mount Everest Committee to co-ordinate and finance the 1921 British Reconnaissance Expedition to Mount Everest, this included raising funds, selecting expedition personnel, buying stores and equipment, carrying out surveys, arranging transport and communication and organising publicity, lectures and filming and photographing of the expedition. The Mount Everest Committee oversaw the 1921, 1922, 1924, 1933, 1935 and 1938 expeditions to Everest.
In 1947 the Mount Everest Committee was renamed the Joint Himalayan Committee, again composed of members of the Alpine Club and the RGS. The Joint Himalayan Committee was responsible for organising and financing expeditions to Everest in 1951 and 1952 and the first ascent in 1953.
The Mount Everest Foundation was founded after the successful ascent of Everest in 1953, again a joint initiative between the RGS and the Alpine Club, it was initially financed from surplus funds and subsequent royalties of the 1953 expedition, the Foundation was established to encourage 'exploration of the mountain regions of the earth'. Since inception the MEF has dispensed almost £840,000 in grants. The majority go to small expeditions organised by adventurous young men and women. However the Foundation has also supported expeditions to the Earth's highest peaks, fine examples of which were first ascents of and new routes on Everest, Kangchenjunga, Annapurna, Dhaulagiri, Xixabangma, Nuptse, Kongur and the Ogre. In fifty years over 1,500 expeditions have been helped in this way.
Ethel Gertrude Woods was born 1865; educated, Newham College, Cambridge, 1891; research studentship in Munich; science teacher, 1898-1910; worked in the Censorship Department during World War One; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1927-1939; died 1939.
Born, 1904; educated as a scholar at Sedbergh School, -1921; lived with his family for a year in Germany; worked writing travel guides, 1923; wrote for newspapers, especially on birds, and by 1925 was well established; read modern history, Hertford College, Oxford, 1926-1929; set up the Oxford University Exploration Club, and took part in expeditions to Greenland and British Guiana; assistant editor of the Weekend Review, 1929; member of the think-tank Political and Economic Planning (PEP), 1931-; founder of the British Trust for Ornithology, 1933; chairman of the British Trust for Ornithology, 1947-1949; founder member of the Edward Grey Institute in Oxford, 1938; Head of Allocation of Tonnage Division, Ministry of War Transport, 1942-1945; Secretary, Office of The Lord President of the Council, 1945-1952; Member, Advisory Council on Scientific Policy, 1948-1964; Director-General of The Nature Conservancy, 1952-1966; participated in Guy Mountfort's expeditions to the Coto Doñana in 1957 and to Jordan in 1964; Lecturer, University of California, 1964; Convener, Conservation Section, International Biological Programme, 1963-1974; founder of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), 1961; Secretary, Duke of Edinburgh's Study Conference on the Countryside in 1970, 1963; Albright chairman of Land Use Consultants, 1966-1989; chairman of the New Renaissance Group, 1966-; a Director and Managing Editor, Environmental Data Services Ltd, 1978-1980; President, RSPB, 1980-1985; President, Trust for Urban Ecology (formerly Ecological Parks Trust), 1987-1988; President, New Renaissance Gp, 1998-2000; died, 2003.
Publications:
Birds in England (1926)
How Birds Live (1927)
The Art of Bird-Watching (1931)
The System (1967)
The Environmental Revolution (1970)
The Big Change (1973)
Born, 1814; entered the navy, 1826, under his uncle, John Ommanney; passed his examination, 1833; mate in the brig PANTALOON; appointed to the transport COVE (Captain Clark Ross), which was ordered to Baffin's Bay to release a number of whalers caught in the ice, 1835; joined the frigate PIQUE (Captain Henry John Rous), 1836; appointed to the DONEGAL as flag-lieutenant to his uncle, now Sir John Ommanney, commander-in-chief on the Lisbon and Mediterranean stations, 1837; commander, 1840; served on board the steam sloop VESUVIUS in the Mediterranean, 1841-1844; second in command, Franklin search expedition, 1850-1851; Deputy Controller-General of the Coastguard, 1851-1854; commissioned the EURYDICE as senior officer of a small squadron for the White Sea in the Russian War, 1854; appointed to the HAWKE, blockship for the Baltic, and was employed chiefly as senior officer in the Gulf of Riga, 1855; appointed to the BRUNSWICK, going out to the West Indies, 1857, and later the Channel Fleet, 1859; senior officer at Gibraltar from 1862; promoted to flag rank, 1864; retired, 1875; died, 1904.
Expeditions in Persia and Afghanistan, 1828-1829; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1868-1873.
Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, from 1913.
Born, 1875; naval architect in the employment of Harland and Wolff, builders of the Titanic, and gave evidence in the inquiry into its loss, 1912; CBE, 1920; consulting naval architect, Argentine Navigation Company, 1926; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1926-1933; died, 1939.
Born, 1819; entered the navy, 1831; passed his examination, 1838; promoted lieutenant on 29 July 1845, when serving in the steamer HMS GORGON on the South American station; served on the sloop HMS FROLIC in the Pacific, 1845-1847; appointed to the HMS ENTERPRISE (Captain Sir James Clark Ross) for a voyage to the Arctic, 1848; first lieutenant of the HMS ASSISTANCE in the Arctic, 1850-1851; commander of HMS INTREPID part of the Arctic expedition of five ships under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, 1852-1854; commander of the FOX on the search for Sir John Franklin, 1854-1859; commanded the frigate HMS DORIS in the Mediterranean, 1861-1862; commissioned HMS AURORA for service with the channel squadron, 1863; commodore-in-charge at Jamaica, 1865-1868; Admiral-Superintendent of Portsmouth Dockyard, 1872-1877; Commander-in-Chief on the North America and West Indies station, 1879-1882; elected an elder brother of Trinity House, 1884; retired, 1884; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1880-1907; died, 1907.
Unknown
Francis Skead was a surveyor in the Royal Navy. He was Second Master on board HMS ENTERPRISE to search for Franklin and his ships by way of the Bering Strait, 1849-1852; he invented the Skead sounder during telegraph survey operations between Malta and Crete off HMS TARTARUS, 1857 and accompanied David Livingstone to the mouth of the Zambesi, [1859-1861]. For most of his career he appears to have been Government Surveyor at the Cape, South Africa.
Born, 1868; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1898; died, 1953.
Publications: Field analysis of minerals for the prospector, mining engineer, traveller, and student (1915)
Born, 1865; educated at the Oratory School, Edgbaston under Cardinal Newman, 1876-1883 and at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, 1883-1884; commissioned in the 3rd battalion of the Grenadier Guards, 1884; a hunting accident in January left him with a permanent limp which interrupted his career, 1885; home service until 1899; seconded for service with the Chinese regiment of infantry recently formed at Weihaiwei, 1899; touring the provinces of north-east China, 1901; rejoined his battalion in South Africa for the campaigns in the Transvaal and Cape Colony, 1902; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1902-1923; Korea, 1903; temporary military attaché to the British minister at Seoul in Korea, 1904; as military attaché with the Japanese army he witnessed the Manchurian campaign, 1905; military attaché at Peking, 1905-1910; came back to Europe in 1909 and resigned his commission; returned to China and journeyed from Peking through Chihli (Zhili) and Shansi, across the Ordos to Ninghsia, 1910; spent nine months exploring and shooting in the Altai and T'ien Shan, 1911; visited the Kumbun and Labrang monasteries in south-western Kansu before moving south along the upper reaches of the Salween and Mekong rivers and crossing briefly into the Shan states in Burma, he then moved across country to Foochow (Fuzhou) and by steamer to Shanghai, 1912; rejoined the service, 1914; served in France with the 47th London division; commander of the 4th Royal Welch Fusiliers, 1915; commanded the 47th brigade of the 16th division, 1916-1917; commanded the 43rd brigade, 1918; joined General Knox's mission to Admiral Kolchak in Siberia, 1919; returned to China, 1920 to journey to Lhasa; died, 1923.
Born 1883; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1914-1963; qualified as a surveyor, 1911; Second in Command of the Boundary Commission set up by the Bolivian Government to establish the boundary between Bolivia, Peru and Brazil, 1912; took command of the Commission, 1914; government service in Tanzania, 1920; government service in Uganda, his surveys included the Western Ugandan Railway and the Wilson Dam; died 1963.
Born, 1866; educated, Framlington; an Assistant in the British Central Africa Protectorate, 1900-1901; Oriental Secretary to the Legation at Tehran; HM Vice Consul, Tehran, 1903; transferred to Bushire, 1904; to Zanzibar, 1906; to Abidjean, West Africa, 1907; Acting Consul at Lorenzo Marques, 1910; Vice-Consul at Beira, 1910; Consul for the Society Islands, 1912; also a Deputy Commissioner for the Western Pacific, 1912; Acting Consul at Calais, 1916-1919; in charge at Callao, 1919; Consul there, 1919; in charge of the Legation at Lima, 1922 and 1923; Consul General, Chicago, 1923-1928; retired, 1928; died, 1957.
Born, 1810; entered for the East India Company's service and set out for India, 1827; engaged in reorganising the Persian army, 1833-1839; undertook tours in Susiana and Persian Kurdistan; awarded the gold medal of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1839; returned to India and was appointed assistant to Sir W. Macnaughton in Afghanistan; political agent for lower Afghanistan, 1842; political agent of the East India Company in Turkish Arabia, 1843; consul in Baghdad, 1844; Fellow of the RGS 1844-1895; RGS Council Member from 1850; Vice-President of the RGS, 1864, 1871, 1872, 1874, and 1875; Conservative MP for Reigate, 1858; MP for Frome, 1865-1868; member of the newly created Council of India, 1858; minister to Persia; died, 1895.
Born, 1799; one of the founders of the American Geographic Society; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1852-1874; died, 1874.
Born, 1882; educated Exeter School; joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in HMS BRITANNIA, 1898; went to sea as midshipman, 1899 and by 1903, had been promoted to lieutenant; commanded the TERRA NOVA for Robert Falcon Scott's British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-1913; in addition to his duties as navigator, Pennell was responsible for conducting magnetic observations; also assisted Edward Wilson and Dennis Lillie in their studies of birds and whales; discovered and named Oates Land, 1911; promoted to the rank of commander after the expedition, 1913; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1914-1916; appointed to the battle cruiser QUEEN MARY, 1914-1916; lost with his ship at the Battle of Jutland, 1916.
Publications: 'Voyages of the Terra Nova' by Edward Ratcliffe Garth Russell Evans and Harry Lewin Lee Pennell in, Scott's last expedition volume 2 (Smith, Elder & Co. London, 1913).
Born, 1866; educated Dublin and Bournmouth; British Army officer, Lancers, 1888-1897; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1894-1939; travelled in Tibet, 1896-1899; RGS Founders medal, 1900; founder of the Deasy Motor Car Company, 1906; resigned, 1908; died, 1947.
Born, 1899, educated, St Catherine's College, Cambridge; First World War service; schoolteacher, Framlington College, 1921; departmental demonstrator, Cambridge, 1922; University demonstrator, Cambridge, 1924; University Lecturer, 1927; Geographical Section of the Great Barrier Reef expedition led by C M Yonge, 1928; leader of a Great Barrier Reef expedition, 1936; expedition to the coral islands of Jamaica, 1939; Chair of the Department of Geography, Cambridge, 1949-1966; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1918-1987; member of the RGS Council; Vice-President of the RGS, 1959-1963; Victoria Medal, 1960; retired, 1966; died, 1987.
Born, 1783; tutored in Edinburgh; oversaw the family's sugar plantation at Berbice, Guiana, 1799-1811; sailed for India, 1813 where he sketched the scenery of the Himalayas and toured the region seeking the sources of the rivers Jumna and Ganges; crossed India via Delhi and Rajputana to Bombay, sketching and gathering geological information, 1820; travelled from Bombay to London via Bushehr, Shiraz, Esfahan, Tehran, Mashhad, Tabriz, and Tiflis, 1821-1823; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1838-1852; sent by the Foreign Office to report on Russian influence in Persia, 1833-1836; died, 1856.
Publications:
Views in the Himala Mountains
Views of Calcutta and its Environs
Narrative of a Journey into Khorasan in the Years 1821 and 1822 (1825)
Travels and Adventures in the Persian Provinces of the Southern Banks of the Caspian Sea (1826)
The Kuzzilbash, a Tale of Khorasan (1828)
The Persian Adventurer (1830)
The Highland Smugglers (1832)
Tales of the Caravanserai (1833)
Allee Neemro, the Buchtiaree Adventurer (1842)
The Dark Falcon (1844).
Military Memoir of Lieut. Col. James Skinner
John Matthews was gunner's mate on board HMS PLOVER in support of the Franklin search expeditions.
The Royal Geographical Society (RGS) was founded in 1830 as the Royal Geographical Society of London. Its aim was the advancement of Geographical Science. The Society was granted a Royal Charter by Queen Victoria in 1859. In 1995 the RGS merged with the Institute of British Geographers (IBG) to create the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers). Since 1831 the Society has published a Journal, initially containing the principal papers read at the Society's evening meetings and abstracts of Geographical works published elsewhere, it is now a refereed academic publication. The journal has appeared under various titles: Journal of the RGS (JRGS) 1831-1880; Proceedings of the RGS (PRGS) 1857-1878; Proceedings of the RGS (New Series) (PRGS (NS)) 1879-1892; Supplementary Papers (1882-1893); and the Geographical Journal (GJ) 1893 onwards. At first edited by the Secretary of the Society, the preparation and editing of these journals is currently carried out by the Geographical Journal Office.
The Royal Geographical Society (RGS) was founded in 1830 as the Royal Geographical Society of London. Its aim was the advancement of Geographical Science. The Society was granted a Royal Charter by Queen Victoria in 1859. In 1995 the RGS merged with the Institute of British Geographers (IBG) to create the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers). Since 1831 the Society has published a Journal, initially containing the principal papers read at the Society's evening meetings and abstracts of Geographical works published elsewhere: it is now a refereed academic publication. The journal has appeared under various titles: Journal of the RGS (JRGS) 1831-1880; Proceedings of the RGS (PRGS) 1857-1878; Proceedings of the RGS (New Series) (PRGS (NS)) 1879-1892; Supplementary Papers (1882-1893); and the Geographical Journal (GJ) 1893 onwards. At first edited by the Secretary of the Society, the preparation and editing of these journals is currently carried out by the Geographical Journal Office.
Born, 1742; captain's servant under Captain Hyde Parker in the frigate BRILLIANT, 1756; action against the French at St Cast, 1758; followed Parker to the East India station, rejoining him as midshipman in the GRAFTON at Madras, 1760; action off Pondicherry, and visits to Trincomalee, Bombay, and Rodriguez Island; assistant Draughtsman or Surveyor to Alexander Dalrymple, East India Company, on an exploratory voyage to the Sulu islands and China , 1762; Madras, 1763; left the to take command of the UNION; command of the NEPTUNE, first superintending troop disembarkation for the siege of Madura, and then sailing in Feb 1764 under owner's orders to Calcutta; practitioner engineer in the construction of the new citadel at Fort William, Bengal army, 1764; Surveyor-General, 1767; returned to England, 1778; published A Bengal Atlas, 1780; Fellow of the Royal Society 1781; Gold Medal, Royal Society of Literature, 1825; died, 1830.
Born in Leeds, 1811; LRCP, Edinburgh 1860; MRSC, Eng. 1844; LSA, 1839; Surgeon on a Whaling Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, 1839-1843; died, 1879.
Sir Keith Alexander Jackson 2nd Baronet, was of the 4th Light Dragoons. He died in Caubul in 1843. He was married to Amelia née Waddell and their children included Sir Mountstuart Goodricke Jackson, 3rd Baronet (1836-1857) and Sir Keith George Jackson, 4th Baronet (1842-1916).
Born, 1887; military education at Cheltenham and Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; joined the Royal Engineers; joined the Survey of India, 1909; served in First World War; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1911-1976; RGS Cuthbert Peek Grant 1926; RGS Founder's Medal 1927; Chair of Geography, Oxford University, 1932-1953; RGS Council member 1932-1942 and 1952-1954; Acting RGS President, 1937; died, 1976.
Poulett Weatherley was an explorer and big-game hunter who travelled extensively in Mweru and Luapula, Zambia, 1895 and 1900. He was the first European to circumnavigate and survey Lake Bangweulu, Zambia, 1896. He was a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society 1891-1917.
No biographical information available at time of compilation.
L R R Machin made an attempt to climb Mt Kenya in 1920 with J W Arthur, J T Oulton and James Youngson. Bad conditions made their climb unsuccessful.
Born, 1895; research plant pathologist in the Plant Pathology Department at the Rothamsted Experimental Station, 1917-1960; one of the original members of the newly formed Mycology Department, 1918; retired,1960; published her final paper in 1985; she was also a renowned climber and was one of the first women to scale mountains such as Fujiyama and the Matterhorn.
Born, 1880; archæologist; physician at the Queen Victoria Hospital; doctor to the Duke of Connaught; pioneer of winter sports in the French Alps; died 1960.
Publications: Le col Alpin franchi par Hannibal (1958)
Unknown
Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1928-1931.
Born, 1918; educated Shrewsbury School, 1931-1937; University College, Oxford; climbed in Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and the Alps; graduated in medicine, 1942; Royal Army Medical Corps before serving in India, Burma, Vietnam, and Borneo, Second World War; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1946-1995; surgical and neurosurgical registrar in Liverpool, 1947-1957; expeditions in the Himalayas; Deputy leader of the 1953 Everest expedition; led the Kangchenjunga expedition, 1955; expedition, to Annapurna IV, 1957; Principal of Bangor University, 1958-1984; died, 1995.
Born, 1905; educated, Upholland Grammar School; Leeds University, 1922-1925; diploma in education, 1926; assistant lecturer, Exeter University College, 1926-1928; assistant lecturer, University College London, 1928-1932; Rockefeller Fellowship, 1931-1932; lecturer, 1932-1941; reader, 1941-1947; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1946-1981; Professor, Syracuse University, 1947-1958; University of Leeds, 1958-; Visiting Professor to California, 1960-1961; Washington, Nebraska, 1963; Kansus State, 1964; Arizona, 1967; remained in the USA until his retirement, 1975; died, 1981.
Sir Richard Francis Burton was born 19 March 1821; he matriculated from Trinity College, Oxford in 1840. Colonel Burton purchased a commission for Burton in the Bombay army and he arrived in India in October 1842, serving as a staff interpreter, surveyor, and intelligence officer as well as carrying out infantry duties. Burton demonstrated proficiency in the East India Company's language examinations and during his life mastered more than forty languages and dialects. Burton also mastered cultures, enabling him to 'pass among native peoples in disguise'. Following a bout of cholera Burton returned to England and began to write, publishing dozens of books.
In 1852 Burton proposed to the Royal Geographical Society that he make the hajj, or pilgrimage, to the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina. Forbidden to non-Muslims, Burton intended to make the pilgrimage in complete disguise as a Muslim native of the Middle East. With the RGS's support, Burton set off in 1854, taking notes and A Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah, 1855-1856 became a classic piece of travel literature. Following this on 29 October 1854, disguised as a Turkish merchant, Burton began an expedition to Harar, an area no European had ever entered. On his return to England Burton was awarded the RGS's gold medal. Burton continued to travel to places including Damascus and North America and to write and died 20 October 1890.
A Robert Jarratt Money was Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1891-1949, this may be the same person as Robert I Money.
Publications: 'The Hindiya Barrage, Mesopotamia' by Robert I. Money, The Geographical Journal, Vol. 50, No. 3 (Sep., 1917), pp. 217-222.
Born in Australia, 1859; big game expedition to Portuguese East Africa, 1900-1903; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1904-1914; employed by the Belgium Government to chart mineral and other resources between the Congo and the Nile, [1904-1909], producing a map of Aruwimi river and with his brothers, C A and A E H Reid, a map of the region North of the Aruwimi; Portuguese East Africa, 1910-1911; RGS Cuthbert Peek Grant, 1911; Nigeria, 1912-1913; died, 1914.
Richard Routley Adams Richards was Chief Paymaster on board HMS CHALLENGER. He was uncle of Herbert Arthur Richards, (1866-1957).
Robert Shedden entered the Royal Navy and served throughout the [British attack on China, (the Opium War), 1840-1842] in which he was severely wounded; bought a schooner yacht, the 'Nancy Dawson', in which he accompanied the search for Sir John Franklin; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1844-1850. Died in Mexico, 1850.
Born, 1944; educated, Eton, Liveryman, Vintners' Company, 1960; French Parachutist Wings, 1965; Lt, Royal Scots Greys, 1966; Capt, 1968; attached 22 SAS Regiment, 1966; Sultan of Muscat's Armed Forces, 1968; Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve, 1971; Capt, Royal Armoured Corps; leader of British expeditions: White Nile, 1969; Jostedalsbre Glacier, 1970; Headless Valley, 1971; (towards) North Pole, 1977; leader of the Trans Globe Expedition: first to journey around the world on its polar axis using surface transport only, 1979-1982; North Polar unsupported expeditions, 1986 and 1990; South Polar unsupported expedition: first crossing of the Antarctic continent and longest polar journey, 1992-1993; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS) from 1970; awarded the RGS Founder's Medal, 1984.
Born 1835; educated Edinburgh, Cambridge and Heidelberg Universities; Scottish Member of Parliament for South Ayrshire, 1868-1874 and for Haddington Burghs, 1879-1882; lectured and wrote on his extensive travels including in Europe, North America, India, North Africa, South Africa, Indonesia, China, Japan, Middle East; Australia, New Zealand and Russia; died 1882.
Born, 1796; entered the navy as midshipman, 1808; taken prisoner by the French at Deba, 1808; midshipman to the Akbar, 1814; Admiralty mate of the Bulwark, 1817; volunteered for service in the Trent, under Sir John Franklin, who was then entering on the first modern voyage of discovery in the Spitsbergen seas, 1818; expedition with Franklin by land to the Coppermine River,1819-1821; appointed to the Superb, 1823; join Franklin's expedition to the Mackenzie River, 1824-1826; expedition to find Captain Ross, 1833-1835; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1836-1878; Vice President and member of the RGS Council; RGS Gold Medallist - Royal award, 1835; commander of an expedition to complete the coast line between Regent's Inlet and Cape Turnagain, 1836; President of the Raleigh Club, 1844; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1847; employed by government to report on the harbour of Holyhead; died, 1878.
The Survey of India Reunion was set up in Nov 1954 and was originally chaired by Brig Sir Clinton Lewis. Its inaugural party was held in the Overseas Club, 11 Feb 1955. The purpose of the Reunion was chiefly to serve the needs of those who had worked on the Survey of India previous to the partition of India, especially in making contact with former colleagues, but also served to keep in touch with the successor departments: Survey of India and Survey of Pakistan. The organisation was wound up in 1988.
Henry and Brigitte Spiro were living in New York, 1984.
Little was known about J M Clayton at the time of compilation of this description, other than that he belonged to the 18th Hussars, travelled to Djibouti in January 1910 and then to Abyssinia returning via Khartoum early in 1911.