The Slade School of Fine Art at University College London was founded in 1871 for the teaching of professional artists.
No information on the author of this history could be found at the time of compilation.
Born at Cloughballymore, Ireland, 1733; sent to Poictiers to complete his education; entered the Jesuit novitiate at St Omer, 1754; left and returned to Ireland, 1755; his elder brother having been killed in a duel, came into possession of the family estates; having conformed to the established church, called to the Irish bar, 1766; ceased to practise after two years and pursued scientific studies in London; studied Greek at Cregg, 1773; resided in London, 1777-1787; became known to eminent contemporaries and corresponded with learned men in Europe; his library, sent from Galway to London in 1780, was captured by an American privateer; elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, 1780; received the Copley medal for a series of papers on chemical affinity, 1782; published the first systematic treatise on mineralogy in English, 1784; his treatise was translated into French, German, and Russian; delicate health caused him to adopt a more retired life; settled at no 6 Cavendish Row, Dublin, 1787; joined the Royal Irish Academy; President of the Royal Irish Academy, 1799; presided over the Dublin Library and `Kirwanian' Societies; received a gold medal from the Royal Dublin Society in acknowledgment of his services in procuring the Leskeyan cabinet of minerals for their museum; a member of the Edinburgh Royal Society and of a number of foreign academies; honorary LLD, University of Dublin, 1794; declined Lord Castlereagh's offer of a baronetcy; honorary inspector-general of his majesty's mines in Ireland; involved in various scientific controversies; finally adopted a Unitarian form of belief, and spent much time in scriptural study; died, 1812; buried in St George's Church, Lower Temple Street, Dublin. Publications include: Elements of Mineralogy (London, 1784); An Estimate of the Temperatures of Different Latitudes (London, 1787); Essay on Phlogiston (London, 1787); Geological Essays (London, 1799); An Essay on the Analysis of Mineral Waters (1799); Logick (2 volumes, London, 1807); Metaphysical Essays (1811); many papers on various scientific subjects.
Born at Echuca, Victoria, Australia, 1899; educated at Kyneton High School; joined Melbourne University, Queen's College, where he read medicine, 1916; appointed Tutor in Physiology, Histology and Pathology at Queen's College, 1923; invited by C H Kellaway to succeed F M Burnet as his first assistant and Deputy Director, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, 1925; went to Europe, 1927; worked first under Ludwig Aschoff at the Pathological Institute at the University in Freiburg im Breslau, Germany, and later under A E Boycott at University College Hospital Medical School (UCHMS), London; at UCHMS, Graham Scholar in Pathology, 1928-1930; Beit Fellow, 1930-1933; spent a year as a pathologist at Queen Mary's Hospital, Stratford, London, 1933-1934; Reader in Pathology at UCHMS, 1934-1937; Assistant Editor of the Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology, 1935-1955; Professor of Morbid Anatomy at UCHMS, 1937-1964; seconded to the Chemical Defence Experimental Station, Porton Down, Wiltshire, 1939-1945; at UCHMS, Director of the Graham Department of Pathology, 1946-1964; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1946; member of the Agricultural Research Council, 1947-1956; member of Council, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, from 1948; a member of the Medical Research Council, 1952-1956; knighted, 1957; Secretary of Advisory Council, Beit Memorial Fellowship for Medical Research, 1959-1964; received the Royal Medal of the Royal Society, 1960; Foundation President of the College of Pathologists, 1962; Cameron's research topics included the pathology of liver disease and of oedema of the lung, and he approved of bringing biochemical concepts into pathology; retired, 1964; Honorary Consulting Pathologist to University College Hospital, London, and Emeritus Professor of Morbid Anatomy, University of London, 1964; Honorary Fellow, University College London, 1965; died, 1966. See also C L Oakley's memoir in Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, vol xiv (1968), pp 83-117. Publications include: Pathology of the Cell (Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh and London, 1952); with W G Spector, The Chemistry of the Injured Cell (Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1961); with Hou Pao-Chang, Biliary Cirrhosis (Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh and London, 1962); various papers in Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology.
Arthur Black was born in Brighton, the eldest of 8 children. His sister Constance, later Constance Garnett, was to become famous for her translations of the novels of Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky. Arthur Black studied mathematics under William Kingdon Clifford, Professor of Applied Mathematics at University College London. He was a favourite pupil of Clifford, who was impressed by Black's brilliance. He took his degree by private study and achieved his BSc in 1877. After this he worked as an army coach and tutor in Brighton, while pursuing his mathematical and philosophical interests. His marriage was allegedly unhappy. He took his own life in January 1893, having not published any of his mathematical work. The main focus of Black's work seems to have been an attempt to use his mathematical skills to develop a quantitative theory of evolution.
Olivia Stuart Horner was the goddaughter of William Paton Ker and they corresponded frequently. Ker was Quain Professor of English Language and Literature at University College London from 1889 to 1922. Ker died at Macugnaga in 1923 while on a walking tour of Italy: Olivia was one of his party. Olivia married Ernest Barker in 1927 and had one son, Nicholas, and one daughter, Anne. Ernest Barker was knighted in 1944 and died in 1960. Olivia died in May 1976.
William Maddock Bayliss was born in Wolverhampton in 1860. He was apprenticed at Wolverhampton Hospital, in order to follow his interest in medicine, but did not complete the course there. Instead, in 1881, he entered University College London, where he came under the influence of Edwin Ray Lankester and John Burdon Sanderson. In 1885 he followed Burdon Sanderson to Wadham College, Oxford, where he gained first class honours in the school of natural science in 1888. After a short time teaching physiology at Oxford, he returned to University College London where he remained for the rest of his life. In 1912 a professorship of general physiology was created specially for him. He was for a long time a member of the Physiological Society, acting as secretary from 1900 to 1922 and treasurer from 1922 until his death in 1924. He became a member of the Royal Society in 1903 and was knighted in 1922. During his time at University College London, Bayliss studied electric currents in the salivary glands and collaborated with EH Starling on electric currents in the mammalian heart. He published on venous and capillary pressures in 1894 and innervation of the intestine in 1898-99. In 1902 he discovered secretin and he also studied the vascular system, enzyme action and the use of saline injections for the amelioration of surgical shock. His principal publications were 'The nature of enzyme action' (1908), 'Principles of general physiology' (1915) and 'The vaso-motor system' (1923). In 1893 he married Gertrude Ellen Starling, sister of EH Starling. They had three sons and one daughter. One of the sons was Leonard Ernest Bayliss.Leonard Bayliss took his degree and PhD in physiology at Trinity College Cambridge, but spent most of his working life at University College London. From 1925 to 1933 he worked under Starling in the physiology department, then after some work in America and in Plymouth, he lectured in physiology at Edinburgh University. During the second world war he worked for the air force and in 1945 returned to University College. He retired in 1950 but continued as Hononary Research Assistant. In 1955 he wrote an account of the Brown Dog case from the point of view of the College, a version of which he later published in 'Potential' the journal of the University College Physiological Society (no.2, Spring 1957). He was married to a fellow physiologist, Dr Grace Eggleton.
Rudolf Olden was a writer on German politics and government.
Maxwell Bruce Donald was educated at the Royal College of Science and at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He served in the European War from 1915 to 1919. He was a Sir Alfred Yarrow Scholar in 1921; then in 1923 he became a demonstrator in physical chemistry at the Royal College of Science. He was appointed Chemical Engineer for the Chilean Nitrate Producers Association in 1925 and adviser on bitumen emulsions for the Royal Dutch-Shell Group in 1929. Donald became a lecturer in Chemical Engineering at University College London in 1931 and Reader in 1947. From 1951 to 1965 he was Ramsay Memorial Professor of Chemical Engineering at University College London. He held the position of Honorary Secretary of the Institution of Chemical Engineers from 1937 to 1949. He published (with H.P.Stevens) 'Rubber in Chemical Engineering' in 1933 and 1949; 'Elizabethan Copper' in 1955; and 'Elizabethan Monopolies' in 1961.
Born in Great Berkhamsted, 1850; entered University College London, 1867; Demonstrator at University College London; Professor of Anatomy, University College London, 1877-1919; married Jenny Klingberg of Stockholm, god-daughter of the famous soprano Jenny Lind, 1884; three children, but his only son died young; examiner in anatomy at many universities, and to the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons; a founder member of the Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland, and President, 1896-1897; knighted for his services to medical education in London and as inspector under the Vivi-Section Act (1876), 1919; Emeritus Professor of Anatomy, University College London; Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England; LLD, Edinburgh; ScD, Dublin; Fellow of the Zoological Society; a member of various scientific societies overseas; died, 1930. Publications: with others, edited and contributed to Quain's Anatomy (9th and 10th editions) and Ellis's Demonstrations of Anatomy (10th and 11th editions).
John Platt was born on 11 July 1860. He attended Harrow School and Trinity College Cambridge, where he was made a Fellow. He was Professor of Greek at University College London from 1894 till his death. He published an edition of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey and various translations and papers on classical subjects. He died on 16 March 1925.
Thomas Kabdebo was a member of the Library staff at University College London Library. He published an edition of translations of the poems of the Hungarian poet Attila József (1905-1937) in 1966.
Marischal College, a Protestant college founded in 1593, was united with King's College in 1860 to form the University of Aberdeen, and remains one of its sites.
Born in London, 1885; educated at Prior Park College, Bath, 1898-1901; University College School, London, 1901-1903; attended University College London as a medical student, 1903-1910; BSc, 1908; MB, BS, 1910; held house appointments at University College Hospital, London, for a year; worked at the National Hospital, Queen Square, London as House Physician and Resident Medical Officer; MD, 1912; Member of the Royal College of Physicians, 1913; Consulting Neurologist to the British Forces in Egypt and the Middle East, Royal Army Medical Corps, 1915-1919; OBE, 1919; mentioned in dispatches; elected Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, 1920; pioneered description and analysis of human reflexes in physiological terms, 1920-1930; appointed Honorary Physician, National Hospital, Queen Square, 1921; appointed Honorary Physician, University College Hospital, 1924; DSc, 1924; delivered the Oliver Sharpey Lecture, Royal College of Physicians, 1929; editor of Brain, 1937-1953; advised caution about some `miraculous' cures at Lourdes in the Catholic Medical Guardian, 1938-1939; published, mainly in the journal Brain, important papers on the function of the cerebral cortex in relation to movements, and on neural physiology in relation to the awareness of pain, 1940-1960; honorary doctorate, National University of Ireland, 1941; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1946; delivered the Harveian oration, Royal College of Physicians of London, 1948; President of the Association of Neurologists, 1950-1951; President of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1952-1954; Ferrier Lecturer, Royal Society, 1953; knighted, 1953; from 1953, increasingly absorbed in philosophical problems of the mind-brain relationship; honorary doctorate, University of Cincinnati, 1959; President of the Royal Society of Hygiene and Public Health, 1962-1964; Fellow of University College London, 1964; in a special issue of the journal Brain, summarised his experience during fifty years as a neurologist, 1965; died, 1973. See also C G Phillips' memoir in Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, vol xx (1974). Publications include: with (Sir) Gordon Holmes and James Taylor, edited Selected Writings of John Hughlings Jackson (2 volumes, Hodder & Stoughton, London, 1931-1932); neurological sections of Conybeare's (1936) and Price's (1937) Textbook of Medicine; Diseases of the Nervous System (E & S Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1940, 11th edition 1970, and widely translated); Critical Studies in Neurology (E & S Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1948); Further Critical Studies in Neurology (E & S Livingstone, Edinburgh & London, 1965); The Structure of Medicine and its Place among the Sciences (The Harveian Oration, Royal College of Physicians, E & S Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1948); Humanism, History, and Natural Science in Medicine (The Linacre Lecture, E & S Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1950); papers on physiology and diseases of the nervous system.
Millicent Lethbridge was Sir Francis Galton's niece, and daughter of Adèle Galton.
Roger Kingdon was a writer on phonetics.
Born, 1770; a naturalist, whose journeys included New South Wales; died, 1829. See The devil's wilderness: George Caley's journey to Mount Barks 1804, ed Alan E J Andrews (Blubber Head Press, Hobart, Australia, 1984); Reflections on the colony of New South Wales, ed J E B Currey (Angus & Robertson, London, 1967).
Thomas Hayter Lewis was Professor of Architecture at University College London from 1865 to 1881.
Thomas Donaldson was born in London, the eldest son of James Donaldson, an architect and district surveyor. After leaving school, Thomas travelled to the Cape of Good Hope and worked as a clerk in the office of a merchant. In 1810 he went as a volunteer in an expedition to attack the French in the island of Mauritius. He then returned home to study architecture in his father's office and at the Academy schools. During an extensive tour in Italy and Greece he acquired skills and experience. His first important work was the church of Holy Trinity in South Kensington, London, built in 1826-1829. In 1841 he was appointed the first Professor of Architecture at University College London, a post he held till 1865. Donaldson was a pioneer in the academic study of architecture, as well as an excellent draughtsman and writer on architecture. Among other structures, he designed University Hall in Gordon Square and All Saints' Church in Gordon Street, London. He played a leading part in the foundation of the Royal Institute of British Architects. Donaldson died in London in 1885.
No information could be found about William Jenkins at the time of compilation.
Born 1889; educated at the City of London School; Queen's College Cambridge (Scholar); Director of Antiquities, Iraq, 1929-1930; Keeper of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiquities, British Museum; Professor of Near Eastern Archaeology, University of London, 1938-1946; Professor of Ancient Semitic Languages, University of London; Honorary Fellow, Queen's College Cambridge, 1935; Fellow of the British Academy, 1941; Professor Emeritus, University of London; Honorary Fellow, School of Oriental and African Studies; Foreign Member, Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium; LittD; died, 1979. Publications include: 'The First Campaign of Sennacherib, King of Assyria, BC 705-681. The Assyrian text' (London, 1921); assisted with Sir E A T W Budge's 'The Babylonian Legends of the Creation, and the fight between Bel and the Dragon, as told by Assyrian tablets' (London, 1921); with D J Wiseman, 'Cuneiform Texts from Cappadocian Tablets in the British Museum' (London, 1921-1956); 'Babylonian Historical Texts relating to the capture and downfall of Babylon' (Methuen & Co, London, 1924); 'The Chronology of Philip Arrhidaeus, Antigonus and Alexander IV' (Paris, 1925); 'The Foundation of the Assyrian Empire', 'The Supremacy of Assyria', 'Sennacherib and Esarhaddon', 'The Age of Ashurbanipal', 'Ashurbanipal and the Fall of Assyria', in John B Bury, 'The Cambridge Ancient History' (from 1925); 'Early History of Assyria to 1000 BC' (1928); contributed to 'Royal inscriptions', by C J Gadd, L Legrain, and E R Burrows, in 'Ur Excavations. Ur Excavations. Texts', vol i (1928); 'Bible Illustrations selected and described by H R H Hall, Sidney Smith and S R K Glanville' [1934]; with I E S Edwards, 'Temporary Exhibition. Ancient Egyptian Sculpture lent by C S Gulbenkian' (London, 1937); 'Alalakh and Chronology' (Luzac & Co, London, 1940); 'Sir Flinders Petrie, 1853-1942' (Humphrey Milford, London [1943]); 'Isaiah, Chapters XL-LV. Literary criticism and history' (Oxford University Press, London, 1944); 'The Statue of Idri-mi' (London, 1949); 'Events in Arabia in the 6th Century AD', in 'Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London', vol xvi, pt 3, pp 425-68 (1954); 'The Practice of Kingship in Early Semitic Kingdoms', in Samuel H Hooke, 'Myth, Ritual, and Kingship', pp 22-73 (1958).
David Tierney was Lecturer in History at University College London from 1969 to 1986.
W Howard Hall was an engineering student at University College London during 1908-1910.
Abraham Wolf was educated at University College London and St John's College Cambridge. He went on to become Professor Emeritus of Logic and Scientific Method in the University of London, which incorporated being Head of the Department of History and Method of Science at University College London (1921-1941), and Head of the Department of Logic and Philosophy at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He retired in 1941. He was a member of the Senate and of the Academic and External Councils of the University of London till 1944. Wolf was Co-editor of the 14th edition of the 'Encyclopaedia Britannica'. In his lifetime, he published many books about philosophers, logic and scientific method. He died on 19 May 1948.
The Club was established in November 1844 as an offshoot of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. It met to discuss science, literature and art. Its numbers were limited to 12.
Thomas Key was the son of a London physician and he studied medicine at Trinity College Cambridge. However, he was very interested in the sciences and political economy, and accepted the offer of the Chair of Mathematics at the University of Virginia. He was not happy in America and returned to England in 1827. He was appointed Professor of Latin at University College London in 1828. In addition he became in 1831 Headmaster, with Henry Malden, of University College School. In 1842 he resigned from the Chair of Latin, to become the sole Headmaster of the school and first Professor of Comparative Grammar. He held these posts until his death in 1875. Key published a Latin Grammar in 1846 and a Latin Dictionary posthumously in 1888. He was also one of the founders of a Society for Philological Inquiries, a member of the Committee of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, and one of the founders of the London Library.
John Hepburn was a student at University College London during the session 1846-1847.
Keyes was born in Dartford in 1922, the son of an army officer. He was brought up largely by his grandfather and was educated at Dartford Grammar School, Tonbridge School and at Oxford University. He began to write poetry whilst at school, and at Oxford became friendly with the poet John Heath-Stubbs. He joined the army in 1942 as a lieutenant in the West Kent Regiment. He was killed in action in Tunisia during a raid on 19th April 1943. He was awarded the Hawthornden Prize posthumously in 1944.
Publications: Co-editor with Michael Meyer, Eight Oxford Poets (1941) which contains some of his own work; The Iron Laurel (1942); The Cruel Solstice (1943); Collected Poems (1945) with a Memoir by Michael Meyer.
George Offor was a biographer who started in business as a bookseller. He learnt Hebrew, Greek and Latin and he had a extensive knowledge of theology. He was an admirer of John Bunyan and gathered together a unique collection of Bunyan's scattered writings. He also contributed to biblical literature. Offor died on 4 August 1864.
James Yates was born at Toxteth Park, near Liverpool, on 30 April 1789, the son of a minister. He went in 1805 to Glasgow University and in 1808 to Manchester College, followed by York College, to study Divinity. In 1810 he attended Edinburgh University, followed by Glasgow University again in 1811. He became the unordained minister of a Unitarian congregation in October 1811 and graduated MA from Glasgow in 1812. With Thomas Southwood Smith, he founded the Scottish Unitarian Association in 1813. He published his 'Vindication of Unitarianism' in 1815. In 1817 he succeeded Joshua Toulmin as colleague to John Kentish at the new meeting, Birmingham, a post which he resigned at the end of 1825, and for a time left the ministry. In 1827 he spent a semester at the University of Berlin, as a student of classical philology. He was elected a Fellow of the Geological Society, 1819; Linnean Society, 1822; Royal Society, 1831; and appointed secretary to the Council of the British Association, 1831. In the same year he was elected a trustee of Dr Williams' foundations (resigned 1861). In 1832 he succeeded John Scott Porter as minister of Carter Lane Chapel, Doctors' Commons, London. He issued in 1833 proposals for an organisation of the Unitarian congregations of Great Britain on the Presbyterian model: the plan did not come to fruition. Soon after 1836 he left the ministry and, being unordained, became a lay minister. His interest in denominational history and controversy was unabated. Yates contributed much material to Sir William Smith's 'Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities', published in 1842, and numerous papers on archaeological subjects to the learned societies of London and Liverpool. He died at Lauderdale House, Highgate, on 7 May 1871, and was buried at Highgate cemetery. In his will he left endowments for Chairs at University College London.
The soup kitchen first operated in 1853 and was founded to relieve Jewish poor in Spitalfields, London, taking on premises and providing rations to local recipients.
Albert Pollard was born in Ryde on 16 December 1869. He went to Jesus College Oxford and achieved a first class honours in Modern History in 1891. He became Assistant Editor of the Dictionary of National Biography in 1893. He was Professor of Constitutional History at University College London from 1903 to 1931. He was a member of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission, and founder of the the Historical Association, 1906. He was Editor of History, 1916-1922, and of the Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 1923-1939. He published 500 articles in the Dictionary of National Biography, and many other books and papers concerning history. Pollard died on 3 August 1948.
No information could be found at the time of compilation.
George Croom Robertson was awarded a Ferguson Scholarship in classics and mental philosophy in October 1861 and attended lectures at University College London from 1861 to 1862. He went to Germany and studied in 1862 in Heidelberg and Berlin, in 1863 in Gottingen, and later in Paris. In 1864 he assisted Alexander Bain in revising The senses and the intellect for a second edition. He also assisted Bain in revising The emotions and the will; compiled the classification of the species of poetry and versification for Bain's Manual of English composition and rhetoric (London, 1866); and later assisted Bain with parts of the manual of ethics for Mental and moral science (London, 1868). In September 1864 he was appointed Assistant to Professor Geddes at Aberdeen University, and lectured on Greek for the two following sessions. He was elected to the Chair of Mental Philosophy and Logic at University College London in December 1866. He began working on Hobbes; part of the result of his researches appeared in the article on Hobbes for the Encyclopaedia Britannica and part appeared in Volume 10 of Backwood's Philosophical Classics for English readers (London, 1886). From 1868 to 1873 and again from 1883 to 1888 he was an examiner in philosophy in the University of London. From 1870 to 1876 he was a member of the Committee of the London National Society for Women's Suffrage. In 1871 he took the principal share in a posthumous edition of Grote's Aristotle (with Bain). In 1872 he married Caroline Anna Crompton. Bain first mentioned the founding of a quarterly journal of philosophy in 1874, and Robertson accepted the editorship. At first they hoped to bring out the journal, entitled Quarterly review of mental science, in 1875: it finally appeared in January 1876 with the revised title Mind. Various articles by Robertson on Abelard, Analogy, Analysis, Analytic judgements, Autonymy, Association, Axiom, and Hobbes appeared in the Encyclopaedia Britannica in 1875. From 1877 to 1878 Robertson was an examiner for the Moral Sciences Tripos in Cambridge. In 1880 he experienced his first onset of serious illness. In 1886 he was elected to serve on the Council of the College. In April 1888 he tried to resign his professorship but this was not accepted by the Council: it was finally accepted in May 1892. In 1891 he resigned as Editor of Mind. In May 1892 Mrs Robertson died, and Robertson died in September of the same year.
Harris was a student in the Faculty of Science at University College London from 1886 to 1892.
John Bellenden: born in the last decade of the 15th century; he is thought to have been brought up in Haddington or Berwick; matriculated as a student of St Andrew's University, 1508; proceeded from Scotland to Paris, and took the degree of DD at the Sorbonne; in Scotland during the reign of James V; brought over with him Hector Boece's Historia Scotorum (Paris, 1527) and, appointed by the king to translate it into the Scottish vernacular, embarked upon this project from 1530 to 1531-1532; delivered his translation to the king, 1533; the translation appeared in 1536, apparently semi-privately printed for the king and nobles and special friends; Bellenden added two poems of his own to the translation, one entitled 'The Proheme to the Cosmographe' and the other 'The Proheme of the History'; also translated Livy for the king; some enemies apparently caused Bellenden to be dismissed from the royal service; appointed archdeacon of Moray during the vacancy of the see, and about the same time canon of Ross; in the succeeding reign, being an adherent to Roman Catholicism, opposed the Reformation and fled overseas; some accounts state that he died at Rome in 1550, but Lord Dundrennan alleges that he was certainly still alive in 1587.
Hector Boece (or Boethius): born at Dundee, Scotland, c1465; historian and humanist; educated at Dundee and the University of Paris; a friend of Desiderius Erasmus; chief adviser to William Elphinstone, bishop of Aberdeen, in the foundation of the University of Aberdeen (King's College, Aberdeen); first Principal of the University; lectured on divinity; received a pension from the Scottish court, 1527-1534; a canon of Aberdeen; vicar of Tullynessle; later rector of Tyrie; author of the Latin history Scotorum historiae a prima gentis origine (The History and Chronicles of Scotland), 1527; the work, based on legendary sources, glorified the Scottish nation; the History had wide currency abroad in a French translation; Boece died, 1536.
The transcriber of the manuscript, Louis Bellec, was a farmer in Kergoual, Pluméliau.
Flaxman was born in York on 6 July 1755. He was a sickly child, but showed a great aptitude for drawing. He spent his early life in London and attended the Academy Schools. He became known as a sculptor and draughtsman, with interests in art, architecture, engineering, construction, naval architecture and surveying. In 1787 he fulfilled a cherished ambition of travelling to Rome where he stayed until 1794, when he returned to London, a famous artist. In 1810 he was appointed Professor of Sculpture in the Academy. He died in 1826.
Headings suggest that the manuscript was written in Cologne.
Guido Delle Colonne: born, possibly in Sicily, c1215; jurist, poet, and author of several Latin chronicles and histories, whose version of the Troy legend was important in bringing the story to Italians and, through various translations, into other literatures; a poet of the Sicilian school, a group of early Italian vernacular poets; died, possibly in Sicily, c1290.
Saint Bonaventure (San Bonaventura): born, c1217; original name Giovanni Di Fidanza (John of Fidanza); entered the University of Paris, 1235; received the master of arts degree, 1243; joined the Franciscan order; studied theology in the Franciscan school at Paris, 1243-1248; named Bonaventure, 1244; leading theologian, minister general of the Franciscan order, and cardinal bishop of Albano; author of several works on the spiritual life; recodified the constitution of his order, 1260; died, 1274.
Antonio Milledonne: born, 1522; secretary of the Council of Ten in Venice; the Republic's observer at the Council of Trent (1545-1563), whose account of the Council was never published (although a French translation appeared in Paris in 1870); died, 1588.
Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini: born in Terranuova, Tuscany, Italy, 1380; humanist and calligrapher, who rediscovered classical Latin manuscripts in European monastic libraries; died in Florence, 1459. This manuscript may have been written in Germany.
John Peckham: educated at Oxford and Paris; a Franciscan; Archbishop of Canterbury, 1279; a prolific author of treatises on science and theology, including his work 'Perspectiva Communis' (on principles of optics, which was printed at Milan, 1482, and in many later editions) and of poetry; died, 1292. This manuscript was written in England.
This Haggadah is possibly of Castilian origin.
Written in Vienna.
Written in London.
Paget was called to the Bar at the Inner Temple in 1895. He was Secretary to the Patent Law Committee, 1900; Secretary to the University College Transfer Commission, 1905; Assistant Secretary to the Admiralty Board of Invention and Research, 1915-1918; and President of the British Deaf and Dumb Association, 1953. He published many writings on human speech and language.
The Society was founded in 1826, largely at the instigation of Lord Brougham. The object of the new Society was 'the imparting useful information to all classes of the community, particularly to such as are unable to avail themselves of experienced teachers, or may prefer learning by themselves' (SDUK Prospectus, 1829). It sought to achieve this object by acting as the intermediary between authors and publishers in several different and often ambitious series of publications. The Society fixed the form and selling price of treatises, frequency of publication and payments to authors; the publisher made arrangement with the printer and organised the distribution and sale of publications. In charge of the Society's affairs was a General Committee of not less than 40 and not more than 60 members. Prominent on the Committee besides Lord Brougham were James Mill, Lord John Russell, Lord Althorp, Zachary Macaulay, Joseph Hume, Robert Aglionby Slaney and Augustus De Morgan. Sub-committees were appointed and their function handed over to a reconstituted Publication Committee, though even after this date, ad hoc sub-committees persisted. The Society was responsible for many series of publications including: Library of Useful Knowledge; British Almanac; Library of Entertaining Knowledge; Farmer's series; Maps; Working Man's Companion; Quarterly Journal of Education; Penny Magazine; Penny Cyclopedia; Gallery of Portraits; Library for the Young; Biographical Dictionary. In 1829 there were 515 annual subscribers to the Society but that number fell to 49 by 1842. Together with the fall in the number of subscribers went a general fall in the sale of publications. Perhaps the main reason for the fall in popularity of the publications was the fact that too many and too diverse sets of treatises ran concurrently, with an extremely cumbersome review procedure for each treatise. This led to the erratic appearance of treatises, with consequent delays in the completion of readers' sets. The publications were also felt to be of a miscellaneous and non-controversial nature and therefore aroused little interest. The Society's active life lasted until 1846 and its affairs were wound up in 1848. A very useful study on the Society is Monica C Grobel, 'The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 1826-1846 and its relation to adult education in the first half of the XIXth Century' (unpublished London University PhD thesis, 1932).
Unknown.
Born, 15 February 1748; learned Latin, Greek and French at a young age; attended Westminster School, 1755; Queen's College Oxford, 1760; awarded BA degree in 1763 and Master's in 1766; called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1817; did not succeed or continue in the law profession; dabbled in chemistry and the physical sciences but the doctrine of utilitarianism and the principle of 'the greatest happiness of the greatest number', law reform, politics, jurisprudence and philosophy, became the occupation of his life; produced a utilitarian justification for democracy; also concerned with prison reform, religion, poor relief, international law, and animal welfare; published many writings on these subjects; died, 6 June 1832.
Publications: Introduction to the principles of morals and legislation (T Payne and Son, London, 1789)
Chrestomathia: being a collection of papers, explanatory of the design of an institution, proposed to be set on foot, under the name of the Chrestomathic Day School (Payne and Foss, London, 1815)
Supply without Burthen; or Escheat vice Taxation (J Debrett, London, 1795)
A Fragment on Government; being an examination of what is delivered on the subject of government in general, in the introduction to Sir W Blackstone's Commentaries (T Payne, London, 1776)
Constitutional Code; for the use of all nations, and all governments professing liberal opinions (printed for the Author, London, 1830)
A committee, known as the Board of Trade since 1786, adopted the title officially by an Act of Parliament of 1861 and, assuming more of an executive and less of a consultative role, dealt increasingly with domestic matters, from the 1840s given a range of regulatory duties in the economic sphere under various Acts of Parliament. During the 19th and 20th centuries the Board acquired many new responsibilities and, although several were later transferred to other government departments, its duties remained numerous, especially during wartime. By the 1960s it had general responsibility for commerce, industry and overseas trade, and in particular commercial relations with other countries. The Board's functions altered frequently during administrative reorganisations of the 1960s, losing and regaining responsibilities from other ministries. In 1970 the Board was merged with the Ministry of Technology to form the Department of Trade and Industry.