Dr Geoffrey Hale (b 1905) was a general practitioner in Pimlico, London, during the years 1933-1970.
Dr Francis Blacklay MA, MB, BChir, FRCGP (b 1919) was a general practitioner in Nantwich, Cheshire.
Born, 1918; educated, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1936-1939; Student House Surgeon and work in Hugh Cairns's Neurosurgical Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, 1939-1943; BM, Oxford, 1942; House Surgeon for Professor Grey Turner, Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, 1943; Surgeon Lieutenant, Royal Navy, 1943-1946; Newcastle General Infirmary, 1946-1948; Hospital pathologist, Oxford, 1948-1949; General Practice, Stockton, 1949-1950; General Practice, Redcar, 1950-1973; Professor of General Practice, University of Newfoundland, 1973-1978; Visiting Professor, Glasgow Medical School, 1973; Royal College of General Practitioners Committee on development of oral examination, 1978-1985; Visiting Professor, Dundee Medical School, 1978; Visiting Lecturer, Western Australia Medical School, 1982; Editing Reader's Digest Medical Adviser, 1983-1984, died, 1999.
Publications: Towards Earlier Diagnosis. A Family Doctor's Approach (1963)
Richard Moore joined the Shrewsbury medical practice of Dr William Griffith and Dr John Bryson in 1961, and this partnership continues for many years, a further partner joining in 1978, and the staff increasing with the employment of nurses, physiotherapist and practice manager. New partners joined as Griffith and Bryson retired, and Dr Moore retired himself in 1992. The practice had been based since 1955 at the Abbott's House, Butcher Row, in the centre of Shrewsbury, and moved in 1989 to Radbrooke Green.
Dr Alfons Letchner (1899-1983) was a general practitioner in Harrow, Middlesex.
Unknown
The interviews were conducted by Dr Michael Bevan of the Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, Oxford, Jul 1996.
Patrick Quinn MB, BCh, BAO, RUI (fl.1918-1933) was a general practitioner in New Cross, London.
Horder qualified MB 1898, MD 1899. After holding house appointments at St Bartholomew's Hospital and the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, he was appointed to the honorary staff of the Great Northern Hospital in 1900 and the Cancer Hospital, Fulham, in 1906. In 1912 he became a consultant at St Bartholomew's and remained there until his retirement in 1936 (Senior Physician 1933-1936). He was attached in a consulting capacity to the Royal Northern Hospital, the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, the Royal Cancer Hospital and several hospitals outside London. During the First World War he was Captain, RAMC, attached to 1st London General Hospital. He was knighted in 1918 and made a baronet in 1926 and a baron in 1933.
He was appointed honorary consultant to the Ministry of Pensions in 1939 and medical advisor to London Transport in 1940 and to Lord Woolton at the Ministry of Food in 1941. He was president of the Eugenics Society from 1935 until his death, chairman of the Empire Rheumatism Council 1936-1953, and chairman of the scientific advisory committee of the British Empire Cancer Campaign (BECC) and later of its grand council, as well as being involved in many other bodies as diverse as the Family Planning Association (FPA) and the Noise Abatement Society. Further details can be found in obituaries and appreciations in file GP/31/A.3, and in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
Sir Frederic Jeune Willans KCVO, MRCS, LRCP (1884-1949) was a general practitioner in Sandringham, Norfolk.
After university at Durham he studied medicine at Newcastle and London Hospitals gaining MRCS and LRCP in 1910. He served in France during the First World War. From 1924 until 1945 he was Surgeon-Apothecary to HM Household at Sandringham. He was knighted in 1933. During this time he was the first signatory to the bulletins announcing the illness of King George V and his death on 21 January 1936. He was also Surgeon-Apothecary to Queen Alexandra and was in attendance at the time of her death on 20 November 1925.
He died in 1949.
David Hutchison MRCGP, FSA (1920-2001) was a general practitioner in Musselburgh, Scotland.
John Stewart Mackintosh MD, MRCS, LRCP (1870-1939) was a general practitioner in Hampstead, London.
Jesse Robert Garrood MD, DPH (1874-1959), was a general practitioner in Alconbury Hill, Huntingdonshire, 1899-1958. He was Medical Officer of Health, Huntingdon Rural District, 1924-1958, and Public Vaccinator of Alconbury, Sawtry and The Giddings District.
William John O'Connor, MB, ChB (1899-1976) was a general practitioner in High Wycombe, Bucks.
Dr Alfred Model (1906-1979) was a general practitioner in Stockport, Cheshire.
Dr Milne-Redhead entered medical education after a period in banking and working at rubber-planting in Malaya. After graduating from Edinburgh in 1937 he held various house appointments and then saw war service in the North of England. An account of his work with ambulance trains during the Second World War has been placed in the Imperial War Museum. When the war was over he returned to Scotland and entered general practice at Mainsriddle in 1947, where he served the scattered community for 27 years. He had a keen interest in local wildlife, contributed to the Botanical Society's botanical map of the British Isles, and was a member of the Wildlife Trust of Scotland.
Bernard Taylor FRCGP (b 1926) was a general practitioner in East London.
Dr Marcus Maurice Scott, was a GP of Newington Causeway and later Herne Hill.Born, 1900; studied at the Welsh National School of Medicine, Cardiff (graduated B.Sc) and then University College London, qualified 1927; set up in general practice at 24 Newington Causeway, Southwark, London SE1, 1929; member of the Society of Occupational Medicine and the Association of Factory Certifying Surgeons, and was appointed factory doctor for Southwark; Medical adviser to a number of local firms, the local Treasury and Civil Service Medical Officer, and police surgeon; joined the St John Ambulance Brigade in 1931 and eventually became surgeon-in-chief, 1966; awarded the CBE for work with St John and civil defence during Second World War, 1971; died, 1978.
[Wilfred] Brian Gough was born in 1909; in 1932 he obtained his MB and ChB at Birmingham and also passed MRCS and LRCP. He spent his career in Birmingham, as a general practitioner and also Anaesthetist to the Solihull Hospital and the Birmingham and Midlands Hospital for Women. He was a Fellow of the BMA and of the Royal Society of Medicine, and President of the Birmingham Medical Institute. He died in 1999.
Born, 1736; educated at Aberdeen and Edinburgh; moved to London, where he began to lecture on chemistry and medical subjects; physician at St Thomas's Hospital; died, 1802.
C P Galtier was Professeur de Toxicologie à la Faculté de Médecine à Paris in 1839-1840.
Dr Hull was appointed assistant physician to the Norwich Hospital in 1828, and physician in 1840: he resigned in 1854.
Born, 1841; préparateur in Louis Pasteur's laboratory from 1865, and Director of the Station Séricicole at Montpellier from 1873; died, 1889.
Born, 1780; Regius Professor of Military Surgery at Edinburgh University; died, 1855.
Clements Markham was born in 1830. He served in the Royal Navy from 1844 to 1851, taking part in the search for Sir John Franklin (1786-1847). In 1853 he entered the civil service, being from 1867 to 1877 in charge of the geographical work of the India Office. During the latter years of the 19th century he lobbied for the resumption of Polar exploration by the United Kingdom, his pressure lying behind the 1875 Nares expedition to the Arctic. He was President of the Royal Geographical Society from 1893 to 1905 and became a Knight-Commander of the Bath in 1896. He died in 1916.
George Washington was born in 1732 in Northern Virginia to a family of gentleman farmers. From 1754 to 1759 he fought in the military campaigns west of the Appalachians in the Seven Years War, resigning his commission on his marriage to Martha Custis (by which his estates, already extensive, were further increased). In 1758 he had become a member of the House of Burgesses for Virginia and served in this capacity for many years. In 1775, at the time of the American colonies' revolt against the English government, he was chosen by the Continental Convention to lead the revolutionary army. Following independence he retired to his estates, returning to public life to serve from 1787 to 1789 as President of the National Convention on the future form of government of the United States. As a result of this body's deliberations the office of President of the United States of America was created. Washington was elected the first holder of the office and held it for two terms, from 1789 to 1797, after which he retired once again. He died in 1799.
Eleazer Birch Roche, known in the family as "Gillmer", was born in Liverpool in 1848. He was the son of John Roche MD (d 1889) and Catherine Sarah Roche (née Gillmer); his grandfathers were John Roche of Cork, a Professor of Music, and Captain Eleazer Gillmer of the East India Company's troops. Eleazer Roche trained at King's College, London, obtaining the qualifications of MRCS and LRCP After qualifying he was House-Surgeon at King's College Hospital, where he was involved in identifying and examining the body of the explorer David Livingstone (1813-1873); subsequently he served as Surgical Registrar and Senior Demonstrator of Anatomy at King's College. In 1881 he married Helen Winter, the marriage producing seven children. After leaving London he was in general practice in Norwich, initially in partnership with his father, for many years. He was a Fellow and later President of the British Homoeopathic Society. He died in 1930.
Dr Forrest Loveland, general practitioner, was born in 1885. He graduated from Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska in 1911, and was licensed to practise in 1912. In 1965 the American Medical Directory listed him as a general practitioner in Topeka, Kansas, with a secondary specialism in occupational medicine.
Unknown
Born, 1917; obtained his medical education at Edinburgh University (MB ChB 1940). World War Two Service: Served in the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) during World War Two: attached to Light Field Ambulance as Sectional Commander - awarded a Distinction in 43rd Divisional Infantry Battle Course - May 1941-Sep 1942. Took part in the Allied North Africa landings in Oct 1942, attached to 50th General Hospital. Joined 83rd General Hospital (acting Casualty Clearing Station) in Jan 1943. Thereafter transferred to No.5 Casualty Clearing Station, serving in Africa, Sicily and Italy. In charge of all wards. Performed over 300 operations. Received instruction in brain surgery from Mr Slemon of the Advanced Neurological Team. Performed, with supervision, several intercranial operations. Developed a special interest in ophthalmology.
Mentioned in Dispatches. Took part in the Battle of the Po, Feb 1945, as RMO to 22nd Cheshire Regiment. Was a trainee in surgery with 22nd British General Hospital in Northern Italy, Jun 1945. In Dec 1945 appointed General Surgical Specialist. Post War Career: Stewart obtained paediatric surgical posts in Edinburgh. Also trained in Radiology, with posts in Edinburgh and Aberdeen. Appointed Consultant Radiologist to Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and Senior Radiologist in Paediatric Radiology at Aberdeen Sick Children's Hospital.
Materials created during an oral history project on the workhouse.
Unknown
Colin Berry trained at Charing Cross Hospital Medical School from 1955 to 1959 and later specialised in Histopathology at the Hospital. He was awarded his MD in 1968. From 1964 he was Lecturer (later Senior Lecturer) at the Institute of Child Health, before being appointed Reader in Pathology at Guy's Hospital Medical School in 1970. In 1976 he was made Professor of Morbid Anatomy at the London Hospital Medical College, a chair he occupied till retirement in 2002. He was knighted in 1993.
Stuart Craddock was born 27 Aug 1903 at Halesworth, Suffolk. In 1921 he entered St Mary's Medical School, qualifying MRCS, LRCP in Jul 1927 and MBBS in Nov 1928. He then worked as House Surgeon in the Outpatient Department, before becoming a Research Scholar working with Alexander Fleming in the Inoculation Department. He was treated (unsuccessfully) for sinusitis by Fleming with penicillin in Jan 1929. He worked with the other Research Student, Frederick Ridley, on attempts to purify penicillin, which were abandoned in 1930, although Craddock continued to work with Fleming on aspects of penicillin until his marriage in 1931, when he left for a job as Assistant Bacteriologist at the Wellcome Physiological Research Laboratories, Beckenham. In 1932 he moved to Holsworthy, Devon and became a general practitioner, remaining there until his death in 1972. He and Fleming remained close friends until the latter's death.
Peter Martyr of Anghiera (in Italian, Pietro Martire D'anghiera; in Spanish Pedro Mártir De Anghiera, Latin, Petrus Martyr Anglerius or ab Angleria) was an Italian-born historian of Spain, particularly of its discoveries during the Age of Exploration. Born, 1457; gave the first accounts of Spanish expeditions in Central and South America in letters and reports that were published, in Latin, during 1511-1530, grouped into sets of ten chapters called 'Decades'; his De Orbe Novo (published posthumously in 1530) describes the first contacts of Europeans and native Americans. Opus epistolarum, also published posthumously in 1530, is a collection of letters to or from ecclesiastical dignitaries, generals, and statesmen of Spain and Italy, dealing with contemporary events and particularly with the history of Spain during the years of exploration. Died, 1526.
Unknown
The Equal Pay Campaign Committee (1941-1956) (EPCC) was founded in 1941. During the 1920s, a number of women's organisations had begun to campaign for equal pay for women, only for the Depression to see women workers blamed for unemployment amongst men and many trades unions consequently become hostile to the issue. The onset of the Second World War saw this inequality of pay mirrored in the settlements offered by 1941's Personal Injuries (Civilians) Scheme to those rendered unable to work. This scheme was opposed by women's organisations and action was co-ordinated by the National Association of Women Civil servants and the British Federation of Business and Professional Women. A committee was instituted, firstly on an ad-hoc and then a permanent basis, with representatives from the Women Power Committee, The National Association of Women Civil Servants, the British Federation of Business and Professional Women, the National Council of Women, the Women's Publicity Planning Association and later the Women's Freedom League. The chair was Mavis Tate MP. A select committee was subsequently instituted which overturned the existing legislation and resulted in equal compensation rates being paid in 1943. With this achieved, attention was extending the work to equal pay more generally and a new committee was appointed under the title of the Equal Pay Campaign Committee, with a sister branch in Scotland and an attached advisory council. It also was chaired by Tate, who approached the Joint Committee on Women in the Civil Service to provide basic information from which to proceed. The National Association of Women Civil Servants provided accommodation and services for the new committee and the Association's general secretary, Miss Hart, acted as honorary secretary. It quickly instigated parliamentary debates and a Royal Commission on Equal Pay was announced largely due to its efforts.
The Commission's report was issued in Oct 1946 and the Equal Pay Campaign Committee organised publicity and public meetings to support its findings. A meeting was organised in the Public Hall at Westminster with the co-operation of the Status of Women Committee and a national campaign was organised with Nina Popplewell as the new honorary secretary in 1947. The work for the meeting was to be done by a sub-committee established for this role, which eventually took over the running of the group between meetings of the parent committee. The Committee itself was supported by an Advisory Committee that, unlike the parent committee, could have political aims. Consequently, both the Fabian and the Women's Communist Party were invited to join (although the latter later declined). Activities reached a peak during 1948-1949 with publications and a newsletter being created to increase publicity. A film was also made by Jill Craigie on their behalf: 'To Be A Woman', which was screened in 1951. In 1954 an approach was made to the Local Authorities' representatives on the Burnham Committee regarding government pay in public services through which the Committee influenced the final report. This recommended gradual implementation of equal pay in the Civil Service, a move which was accepted by the National Whitley Council and eventually also applied to women teachers. The following year, the committee took the decision to wind up its activities, a process that was completed in Feb 1956.
The Federation of Women Civil Servants (1916-1932) was founded in 1916 as women became employed in this sector. At the end of the nineteenth century, there was great opposition to women's employment amongst male employees, in contrast to employers' acceptance of a new workforce who worked for lower wages and was less inclined to industrial agitation. This hostility also affected the male-dominated trade unions of the period, especially those concerned with the Civil Service. This meant that women civil servants of the time continued to occupy separate and lower grades than those of men, and a marriage bar prevented them continuing to work after they became wives. It was not until the turn of the century that female trade unions agitation for equal pay and conditions with the male workforce began. The Federation of Women Civil Servants was established in 1916 as an amalgamation of the Federation of Women Clerks and the Civil Service Typists Association. The Federation of Women Civil Servants represented all permanent and established female public servants other then writing assistants. Along with most of the civil service trades unions, was involved in efforts to introduce arbitration and militated for what would become Whitley Councils. After the end of the First World War such action helped bring about a major restructuring of the service. Grades that had been unique to each of the departments were now merged across the entire service to form four basic bands. However, the Federation was vocal in its opposition to the report presented by the official Joint Reorganisation Committee. Despite the statement of the Sex Disqualification Act of 1920 that 'women should have equal opportunity with men in all branches of the Civil Service and Local Authorities', it maintained there should be a separate selection process for women that did not involve the traditional examination and supported lower wages for women working in the same grades as men. When the mixed unions failed to support their position, the Federation withdrew from the staff side of the Council as well as from the Civil Service Alliance, losing its seat on the National Whitley Council in the process. The changes to the organisation of the Civil Service grades resulted in the merger of trade unions that had previously been structured around specific departments. When women were finally assimilated into the general grading system in 1920 as part of the restructuring, the Federation found itself weakened as members left for larger mixed unions that were better represented on the Whitley Councils. In 1928, the rules of membership were changes to allow them to affiliate temporary workers previously covered by the Association of Women Clerks & Secretaries. The resulting situation led to the eventual amalgamation of the two in 1932 and the creation of the National Association of Women Civil Servants.
Fanny Adams (1992-1993) was an anonymous pressure group that was active from around Feb 1992 to Jun 1993. Based on the American 'Guerilla Girls', the group of women art practitioners from diverse backgrounds campaigned to publicly expose inequality and discrimination within the art world and to give women a stronger and more prominent role. Their key protest concerned the low representation of women artists in major London commercial galleries and in magazine reviews. Using the slogan 'Fanny Adams puts you in the picture' they ran a media campaign in the form of flyering, stickering and placing adverts or 'information pieces' in magazines including Art Monthly, Women's Art, Frieze and The Artist's Newsletter. They used statistical evidence to point out women's under-representation in art galleries, as well as 'naming and shaming' key figures in the art world responsible for showing and purchasing artists' work, including Nicholas Serota and Norman Rosenthal. The anonymity of the group allowed them to target individuals and galleries alike, for example: the posters for the 'Gravity and Grace' exhibition of sculpture at the Hayward Gallery was targeted with the text '95% female-free', and in Jan 1992 a thousand greeting cards with the proclamation 'Fanny Adams invites you to reconsider' was sent to key representatives in the visual arts. The Barbican Art Gallery reproduced the Fanny Adams advertisement 'Anthony D'Offay showed less than 15% women artists, or none at all, in 1991', in the exhibition Cutting Edge (Aug to Oct 1992).
The Joint Committee for Women in the Civil Service (JCWCS) (1920-1954) was created in 1920 after a major reorganisation of the Civil Service had taken place. Grading systems that had been structured around each individual department were now merged across the entire service to form four basic bands. Additionally, efforts to introduce arbitration and militated for what would become Whitley Councils for the negotiation of pay and conditions had taken place in which most of the women's civil service trades unions had been involved. However, despite the statement of the Sex Disqualification Act of 1920 that 'women should have equal opportunity with men in all branches of the Civil Service and Local Authorities', the report presented by the official Joint Reorganisation Committee maintained there should be a separate selection process for women which did not involve the traditional examination, lower wages for women working in the same grades as men and the bar against married women should remain. The London & National Society for Women's Service LNSWS were aware that the introduction of equal pay in the Civil Service would have a great impact on the debate in other areas of work. With this in mind, they established the Joint Committee of Women in the Civil Service as a response to the report. It was chaired by Ray Strachey, the LNSWS's president, and was composed of members of the London Society's Employment Committee along with representatives of other women's organisations. It campaigned for financial equality between male and female civil servants as well as the removal of the marriage bar throughout the 1920s but was faced with the backlash regarding equal pay that occurred at the end of the decade when the Depression occurred. However, by the early thirties, it was considered appropriate by several women's organisations to launch a new Equal Pay Campaign, which the JCWCS initiated. In this, they co-operated closely with the National Association of Women Civil Servants and the Council of Women Civil Servants. Public meetings were staged and the group set up a Parliamentary Committee on Equal Pay chaired by the Conservative MP Colonel Clifton Brown. In 1936 they helped introduce a private members bill into the Commons on equal pay which was presented by Ellen Wilkinson and passed with a slim majority before being defeated on its second reading. After the Second World War, activities in the field passed to the Equal Pay Campaign Committee to which it sent representatives. No meetings of the JCWCS were held between 1947 and 1954. It was in this year that the last meeting to wind up its affairs appears to have occurred in the wake of the granting of equal pay in government services.
The National Association of Women Civil Servants (1932-1959) was established in 1932, after a major reorganisation of the Civil Service took place. Grades that had been structured around each department were now merged across the entire service to form four basic bands. Additionally, efforts to introduce arbitration and militated for what would become Whitley Councils for the negotiation of pay and conditions had taken place in which most of the civil service trades unions had been involved. However, the report presented by the official Joint Reorganisation Committee maintained that there should be a separate selection process for women that did not involve the traditional male recruitment method of examination and lower wages for women working in the same grades as men. The Federation of Women Civil Servants had opposed this and when the mixed gender unions failed to support their position, the Federation withdrew from the staff side of the Council as well as from the Civil Service Alliance, losing its seat in the Whitley in the process. The group found itself weakened as members left for larger mixed unions that were better represented on the Whitley Councils. Along with the Association of Women Clerks & Secretaries, it found itself in crisis and the resulting situation led to the amalgamation of the two in 1932 the creation of the National Association of Women Civil Servants. The aims of this new organisation were to campaign for financial equality with male civil servants and to gain recognition for women who were not members of the general grade-based organisations. In the 1920s and 1930s they were closely involved with the campaign for equal pay and consequently had close links with the London and National Society for Women's Service. The group was represented on the Joint Committee of Women in the Civil Service at this time. In the early thirties, they were responsible for a number of public rallies and meetings on the issue as well as presenting evidence to the Royal Commission on the Civil Service in 1929-31. In the same decade they published a journal, Opportunity, which continued until 1940. In 1938 they joined with the Association of Ex-Service Civil Servants to form the Federation of Civil Servants. Chaired by Dorothy Evans, they remained active on the issue of equal pay in the Civil Service into the next decade and were represented on the Equal Pay Campaign Committee after the Second World War. The group also presented evidence to the Royal Commission on Equal Pay which was held after the war as well as holding an investigation of recruitment of the over-40s in the 1950s. However, their influence waned as women continued to join mixed gender unions. The process of dissolution was begun in 1958, there was a resolution on 25 Mar 1959 and this ended with the winding up of the group in 1961.
The Writers' Club [for Women] (1892-fl.1920) was founded in 1892 by the journalist Frances Low at 10 Norfolk Street, near Fleet Street, London. It claimed to be unique in being the only club devoted to women of one profession. Entry, which was limited to 300, was based on evidence of literary or journalistic work. Entrance fee was one guinea for town members and the same amount for the annual subscription. Many well -known authors were members and a quiet room was reserved for writing. The suite included a writing room, dining room, kitchen, cloakroom and two reception rooms. 'At Homes' were held every Friday afternoon when guests (including men) could be invited to tea. No residential accommodation was provided and silence was enforced in the Writing Room. In the early 1900s a group of members, dissatisfied with the Club's lack of physical amenities, broke away under the leadership of Constance Smedley, to form the Lyceum Club. The Writers' Club was still in existence in the 1920s.
The National Advisory Centre on Careers for Women (1933-1995) was founded in 1933. During the First World War, the London National Society for Women's Suffrage opened a Women's Service Department to find openings for volunteer workers as well as taking the lead in training women for war work. At the end of the war the parent organisation became the London National Society for Women's Service (LNSWS), and the section became the Women's Employment Department, continuing its work until 1922. It concentrated on the problems of women left unemployed by the returning male workers. The Carnegie Trust, which funded its activities for a time, made attempts to integrate it with the Central Bureau for the Employment of Women, but this failed and the department closed due to financial problems. In 1933, this function was largely taken over by a new group called, initially the National Federation of Organisations Concerned with the Employment and Training of Women, soon renamed the Women's Employment Federation. It maintained close connections with the LNSWS, and shared premises with them until 1939 with the LNSWS president Ray Strachey as its first organising secretary. It too was funded by the Carnegie Trust but this time its object was to co-ordinate the work of organisations dealing with women's employment, to prevent overlapping and to assist each in its individual work by offering opportunities for consultation and co-operation between them. The constituent organisations were all concerned with the employment and training of women, such as: the Association of Assistant Mistresses, the Association of Head Mistresses, the Midwives Institute, the National Association of Women Pharmacists, the Council of Women Civil Servants, as well as women's schools and universities. Between them they decided on the election of the executive committee and the policies of the group. The group contained an Advisory Department that collected information on careers and openings that were then available to members and the public, as well as organising advice, publications and speakers. Between 1935 and 1940 it received an average of 3816 enquiries annually and in 1939 was asked to compile a national register of women workers. At the outbreak of the Second World War, the group moved to Bedford College. When its main organiser, Ray Strachey, died in 1940, others took over the work and it was her friend, Irene Hilton, that remained the Federation's organisation secretary from 1948 until 1971, when it became the National Advisory Centre on Careers for Women. This remained its name until 1991 when it became Careers for Women. It ceased operating in 1995.
The Women's Employment Publishing Company Ltd (1913-1974) was established by the Central Employment Bureau for Women around 1913-1914 in order to deal with its publications. The Central Bureau had been issuing the twice-monthly journal 'Women's Employment' since 1899 and other occasional publications in connection with their work and the Women's Employment Publishing Company continued this work from the head office in Russell Square. In addition to the main periodical, the press was also responsible for the publication of numerous editions of 'Careers (later, and 'Vocational Training'): 'A Guide to the Professions and Occupations of Educated Women and Girls', 'The Finger Post', 'Hints on how to find work' and 'Open Doors for Women Workers'. The directors just before the outbreak of the Second World War were H John Faulk (Chair), Miss ER Unmack (Managing Director) and Miss AE Hignell (secretary). Despite problems caused by this disruption and a decline in the number of readers in this period, the company survived and continued publishing 'Women's Employment' until 1974. The Bureau seems to have ceased functioning at around the same date.