Born, 1842; second son of Sir Keith Alexander Jackson, 2nd Baronet and Lady Amelia Jackson; educated, Ordnance School, Carshalton; Magdalene College, Cambridge; 83 rd Foot; succeeded his brother who was murdered at Delhi, 1857; settled in Argentina; died, 1916.
Sir Keith Alexander Jackson 2nd Baronet, was of the 4th Light Dragoons. He died in Caubul in 1843. He was married to Amelia née Waddell and their children included Sir Mountstuart Goodricke Jackson, 3rd Baronet (1836-1857) and Sir Keith George Jackson, 4th Baronet (1842-1916).
Sir Henry Bradwardine Jackson entered the Royal Navy through HMS BRITANNIA in 1868, and as a Lieutenant specialised first in navigation and later in torpedoes. Promoted to Commander in January 1890, he began experimenting with radio waves and eventually succeeded in transmitting signal between ships over a distance of several hundred yards. Soon after promotion to Captain in June 1896, Jackson met Marconi and discovered that they had both been working along similar lines. Following Jackson's success in this area of communication, the Royal Navy placed contracts with Marconi in 1900 to supply radios in its ships, and in 1901 Jackson was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in recognition of his work. After serving as Captain of the torpedo school ship HMS VERNON in 1904, Jackson was promoted to Third Sead Lord and Controller in the new Board of Admiralty. He then commanded a cruiser squadron, represented the Admiralty at the 1911 International Conference on Aerial Navigation, and gained a position the newly created War College at Portsmouth, bfore he returned to the Admiralty in February 1913 as Chief of War Staff. On the Resignation of Lord Fisher in May 1915, Jackson took his place as First Sea Lord, but was himself superseded by Admiral Sir John Jellicoe in Decmber 1916, and appointed President of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich. In July 1919, he was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet and the following year, became Chairman of the Radio Research Board of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.
Sir Cyril Jackson (1863-1924) was a well known educationalist. After studying at Oxford he decided to commit himself to social work among the poor of the East End of London and began educational work. He was a member of the London School Board 1891 to 1896 and ran a boys' club at Northey Street School (later Cyril Jackson School) which aimed to reform Limehouse street boys. Between 1896 and 1903 he was Inspector General of Schools in Western Australia and made successful reforms to their educational system. On returning to England he became Inspector of Elementary Schools for the Board of Education.
Between 1907 and 1913 Jackson was an elected member of the London County Council Limehouse division and was leader of the Municipal Reform Party, a local party allied to the Parliamentary Conservative Party. This party had been formed in 1906 in order to overturn Progressive and Labour control of much of London municipal government. It incorporated the Moderate Party, who had formed previous opposition to the Progressives on the county council.
The first elections for which the Municipal Reform Party stood were those to Metropolitan Borough councils, on 1 November 1906. The campaign was very successful, with Municipal Reformers winning control of twenty-two of twenty-eight councils. Following this success, the Party published a manifesto for the 1907 London County Council election. Policies included: tight controls on financial expenditure, proper auditing of municipal accounts, creation of a traffic board to coordinate transport in the capital, support of electricity provision by private enterprise and an education policy favouring denominational schools. The manifesto proved a success and the party took power from the Progressives. They remained in power until 1934 when the Labour Party gained control of the Council. Between 1934 and 1946 the Municipal Reform Party formed the opposition on the council. From 1946 onwards Conservative candidates replaced the Municipal Reform Party.
Mary Alexander Jackson (1905-1977) was born Mary Telford in Abergavenny in 1905. She studied French and History at Aberystwyth University, later going on to become a member of the British Federation of University Women and becoming involved in the movement to establish playgrounds for children in urban areas. In the 1920s she met John Jackson who, in 1928, went to Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) to become a surveyor. She followed in 1929 in order to marry him. They had three children who moved around the island with them continually in the course of John Jackson's work. They remained there until the outbreak of the Second World War, then Mary Jackson and her children were evacuated to Natal in South Africa. The whole family returned to Cambridge in 1948. Mary Jackson became employed teaching French nearby in Cottenham Village School and took part in a large number of voluntary organisations such as the Children's Playground Association which she founded in 1949. She became particularly involved in the National Council of Women at both a local and a national level. She was the local chair for three years, and during the 1950s was one of the twelve representatives of the NCW on the government commission sent to West Germany to study women's voluntary work there. She also retained an interest in the welfare of African women in the United Kingdom and was active in trying to organise centres for their use. She died in 1997.
For the last 18 months that the Fruit and Vegetable Market existed in Spitalfields, photographers Mark Jackson and Huw Davies set out to record the life of the market that operated on the site for more than 300 years, before it closed forever in 1991. As recent graduates, Mark was working in a restaurant at the time and Huw was a bicycle courier. Without any financial support for their ambitious undertaking, they saved up all their money to buy cameras and rolls of film, converting a corner of their tiny flat into a darkroom.
Amelia Waddell, daughter of George Waddell married Sir Keith Alexander Jackson, 2nd Baronet, Feb 1834, she died, 1872.
Andrew Francis Jackson was born in Concepción, Chile, in 1880, of Scottish and American parents. After completing his early education in American schools in Concepción and Santiago, he travelled to the United States in 1901 to enter the School of Dentistry at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. He graduated in 1904 and entered practice, first in Camden, New Jersey, and then in downtown Philadelphia. He was also a demonstrator in operative dentistry at the University of Pennsylvania Dental School from 1906-1908. He read the Tomes Lectures at the Royal College of Surgeons of London in 1948, and was made a Fellow in Dentistry. He retired in 1962. He died in 1968. Posthumously, Jackson was awarded the Albert H Ketcham Memorial Award for 1964.
The Archive of the Board of Education Inspectors' Association was named after Jack Kitching who was an HMI (Her Majesty's Inspector of Schools) from 1973-1982 and subsequently Honorary Archivist of the Association. Founded in 1919 as a direct consequence of the application of Whitleyism to the Civil Service, the Association was affiliated to the Association of First Division Civil Servants and its executive acted as the staff side of the Inspectorate Whitley Committee. Its main concerns were therefore salaries, pensions and conditions of service, although it also dealt with the function and activities of HMIs. In 1945 it changed its name to the Association of Her Majesty's Inspectors of Schools and in 1973 it amalgamated with the Association of First Division Civil Servants. It wound up its activities in 1992 on the creation of the Office for Standards in Education.
J.W.Falkner and Sons Limited was a building company with its origins in the mid-nineteenth century, with William John Falkner (1804-1864) who had been apprenticed in 1823 to a carpenter and builder and traded in his own right as a carpenter and house agent. On his death the business was taken over by his son John William Falkner (1844-1909). It was John William who developed the firm including building premises at 24, Ossory Road, off the Old Kent Road, SE1, where the firm remained until the 1990's.
When John William retired in 1900, he handed over to his sons - chiefly Alfred Beech Falkner (d.1942), other sons set up several firms in the industry as builders or builders merchants. William Bernard Wood (1882-1944) worked in the firm as a surveyor and when Alfred Beech got into financial difficulties in 1928 was instrumental in establishing a new limited company - J.W.Falkner and Sons Limited.
Work in the 1920s and 1930s was executed for several of the leading architects of the day, including Lutyens, Curtis Green, Giles Gilbert Scott, Collcutt and Hamp, Claire Neuheim, and Wills and Kaula. A variety of houses around Beaconsfield and Le Touquet were built during this time.
Richard Alfred Wood (b.1915) entered the firm in 1934, becoming a director a few years later. On his father's death he obtained compassionate leave from the military service to arrange matters at the company and the firm continued in low-key for the remainder of the war. War-time jobs included work at the naval station at Lyness on Hoy in the Orkney Islands, a job for the Ministry of Aircraft Production at Colnbrook and a variety of bomb shelters and war damage work.
After the war the company worked for various architects such as Hatchard Smith and Bertram, Sergei Kadleigh, Fry and Drew, and Austin Vernon and Partners. They had a regular involvement with St Thomas Medical School and did work for both the LCC and GLC, and developed a speciality in the alteration and refurbishment of historic churches, contracts included work at All Souls, Langham Place; Holy Trinity, Southwark; and Saint Stephen's, Walbrook.
It was at this time that the company purchased Melhuish and Saunders Limited of Wells, Somerset, which was then run by Richard Alfred's brother William Stanley Wood. In 1962 Richard Alfred established another subsidiary - the Preservation Centre for Wood. Thus in 1963 the original company became a formal holding company - Falkner and Sons (Holdings) Limited, and a new subsidiary - J.W.Falkner and Sons Limited. In 1993 the latter company went into administrative receivership and was liquidated, the name was changed to Testlodge Limited in 1997 and wound up 1998. The assets of this company were sold by the receivers to Falkner-Wood Limited (in operation as of 2010). Falkner and Sons (Holdings) Limited became FH2 Limited in 2001 and was dissolved in 2008.
J Tylor and Sons was founded by John Tylor, a Quaker, who was free of the Armourers' and Brasiers' Company in 1778. (The company histories - see MS29374 - mention "Joseph" Tylor and "1777" but do not make any reference to sources. The London trade directories consistently show John Tylor.)
The firm became a limited company in 1892, known as J Tylor and Sons Ltd but underwent two more changes of name, to Tylors (Water and Sanitary) Ltd in 1920 and Tylors of London Ltd in 1947. At first the company specialised in manufacturing tea-urns but gradually expanded its range of items. In the late 19th century J Tylor and Sons were known as hydraulic and sanitary engineers and brass founders and produced water meters, diving suits, soda syphons and urinals as well as many other items. The company appears to have responded quickly to new and growing markets and to have dropped unprofitable lines. In the 20th century a line of bathroom requisites was developed, the motor-car trade appeared briefly and in 1956 all sanitary connections were dropped altogether.
The firm merged with HRI Flowmeters in 1956 and in 1958 became a subsidiary of an American firm, Crane Ltd. In 1975 both firms were incorporated into the General Electric Company.
The firm was based at 75 Wood Street 1778-93; 3 Cripplegate Buildings 1794-1828; College of Physicians, Warwick Lane (later called 2 Newgate Street) 1829-91; 2 Newgate Street and Belle Isle, King's Cross 1892-1907; Belle Isle and 232 Tottenham Court Road 1908-56; and at Burgess Hill, Sussex from 1956.
John Thomas Hart, butcher, began trading at 275 Bethnal Green Road about 1850. The company moved to 96 Upper Whitecross Street (1852-63), Leadenhall Market (1864-9), and finally to the Central Meat Market, at 120 Avenue East 1869-89), eventually occupying 301-7 Central Markets (307 as a meat store) as their main premises between 1889 and 1979. There were also some suburban shops prior to 1927, and a stall in Caledonian Market.
The company had a factory at 516-18 Central Markets, employing about 35 staff, preparing sausages and cooked meats. It sold meat in retail shops and to the catering trade, including restaurants, hotels, hospitals, and the canteens of City offices, and also dealt in poultry and game and a small amount of provisions. After the war, 341 Central Markets was opened as a separate poultry department and 335-8, later extended with a cash and carry section in 333-4, as a provisions and grocery shop. There was also a fruit and vegetable shop at 304 Central Markets until 1974. The company acted as the City agent for Saxby Bros. from circa 1940 to 1979.
Harts was acquired by Leonard Chalk in about 1930. The Chalk family sold it in 1969 to Matthew (Butchers) Ltd although Derek Chalk remained managing director until his retirement in 1978. The sausage and cooked meat preparation was taken over by Matthews' central factory, and the factory in Central Markets closed in 1973-4. In July 1979 the provision shops were closed, 341 Central Markets became a delicatessen, and 301-6 retained as a retail butchers with a catering department and a limited delivery service. The separate limited company was terminated in September 1979.
The above information was derived from London directories and from internal information, with additional information from Mr R Harman and Mr. Luff of Matthews (Butchers) Ltd, January 1980.
The Eve family was a famous surveying dynasty and the firm was based in Hitchin. Their business activities extended to Greater London, Bedfordshire and the surrounding areas. Sir Herbert Trustram Eve (1865-1936) was the son of J. Richard Eve FSI, agricultural valuer of Silsoe, Bedfordshire. He entered his father's office in 1882 and in 1902 became head of J.R. Eve and Sons. He became a leading authority on rating and valuation, especially agricultural. In 1918 Herbert Trustram Eve was awarded the KBE and became President of the Rating Surveyors Association. The firm is now part of Warmington's, Offley Hoo, Great Offley, Hitchin, Hertfordshire.
Lyons was founded in 1886 as a catering business, earning a reputation as caterers for exhibitions at Newcastle, Glasgow, Paris and London's Olympia. In 1894 it was incorporated as a public company and established its head office and food factories at Cadby Hall in Hammersmith. The company rapidly established a chain of Teashops, Cornerhouses and Restaurants with the opening of the first Lyons Teashop in 1894 in Piccadilly, the Trocadero Restaurant in 1896 and the First Lyons Corner House in 1909 in Coventry Street. To keep pace with this expansion, the factories were moved to Greenford in Middlesex in 1920 and the largest tea packing plant in the world opened. Further progress was made during the Second World War with the development of the FROOD a revolutionary frozen cooked food process. The company is also famous for its work in less obvious fields - from 1941 to 1945 it operated a munitions factory at Elstow near Bedford on the reputed site of the slough of despond. In 1954 it developed LEO (Lyons Electronic Office), the first computer in the world capable of use for commercial work.
Further growth came in the 1970s with the acquisition of a number of businesses both in the UK and overseas. In 1978, Lyons became the food division of Allied Breweries which was renamed Allied-Lyons in 1981. In 1990 the head office was moved from Cadby Hall to Greenford. In 1994 Allied-Lyons decided to dispose of its food manufacturing operations and to change its name to Allied Domecq. The individual companies were sold off and Lyons head office closed in 1995.
Lyons was founded in 1886 as a catering business, earning a reputation as caterers for exhibitions at Newcastle, Glasgow, Paris and London's Olympia. In 1894 it was incorporated as a public company and established its head office and food factories at Cadby Hall in Hammersmith. The company rapidly established a chain of Teashops, Cornerhouses and Restaurants with the opening of the first Lyons Teashop in 1894 in Piccadilly, the Trocadero Restaurant in 1896 and the First Lyons Corner House in 1909 in Coventry Street. To keep pace with this expansion, the factories were moved to Greenford in Middlesex in 1920 and the largest tea packing plant in the world opened. Further progress was made during the Second World War with the development of the FROOD - a revolutionary frozen cooked food process. The company is also famous for its work in less obvious fields - from 1941 to 1945 it operated a munitions factory at Elstow near Bedford on the reputed site of the slough of despond. In 1954 it developed LEO (Lyons Electronic Office), the first computer in the world capable of use for commercial work.
Further growth came in the 1970s with the acquisition of a number of businesses both in the UK and overseas. In 1978, Lyons became the food division of Allied Breweries which was renamed Allied-Lyons in 1981. In 1990 the head office was moved from Cadby Hall to Greenford. In 1994 Allied-Lyons decided to dispose of its food manufacturing operations and to change its name to Allied Domecq. The individual companies were sold off and Lyons head office closed in 1995.
A deed of composition and release sealed an arrangement whereby the creditors of an insolvent debtor agreed to settle for a percentage of the amounts owed.
From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".
The company was founded by Joseph James Lane in 1848 to manufacture steam engines and boilers, The works, The Phoenix Engine Works, were situated in Cranbrook Street, Old Ford. Most of the company's products were for the laundry industry. The company was voluntarily wound up in 1957 when the site of the works was scheduled for redevelopment.
The firm was established in 1894 by John Joseph Bergin (known as 'Joe') (1871-1927). In 1899 J J Bergin described himself as a 'heraldic engraver' living at 278 Kennington Road, Lambeth. The firm started drawing and painting heraldic designs but by 1900s had begun engraving on precious metal for west-end jewellers. In 1926 his son Norrie Bergin took over. By 1963 the firm described itself as 'herald, general and machine engravers, saw piercer, contractors to H. M. Government Departments'. The firm was later continued by David Bedford.
By 1927 the firm and workshop was based at Golden Square, Soho; later moved to Marshall Street, Carnaby Street, Soho (-195-); 11 Lancashire Court, New Bond Street ([1950]-1975); 42 Store Street (1975-1993); Clerkenwell Workshops, Islington (1993-2003); 14-16 Meredith Street (2003-2012); Faversham, Kent (2012-).
For more information on the firm and Bergin family see; 'J. J. Bergin - Engravers One Hundred and Twenty Years 1894-2013' by Chris Rowley.
During his fifty years involvement with biomedical science has also been an innovator for incorporating the arts in hospitals. In the late 1970s he arranged for a beautification committee to be set up at one hospital in which he worked, St. Charles. He recognised the need for a central initiative, to advise on the National Health Service buildings. In August 1979, he approached the DHSS and the King Edward's Hospital Fund for a scheme with the Greater London Arts Association, to commission young artists to paint murals in hospitals in London. The scheme was outstandingly successful and dozens of projects were commissioned in the hospitals of Greater London with King's Fund support. In his other hospitals he arranged for arts comittees to be set up, at St. Mary's Hospial, St. Mary's Medical School, the Royal Postgraduate Medical School/MRC/Hammersmith/Acton/Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospitals. The Hammersmith Hospitals Trust's Arts Committee also covers Charing Cross Hospital and the Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School. He conceived the national British Health Care Arts Centre, which opened in 1989 at the Duncan of Jordanstone College of art in Dundee. He has advocated these ideas in Britain and abroad and has served on, and Chaired many committees in this field. He has lectured and written extensively on this theme.
In 1804 Johann Heinrich Schroder (John Henry) became a partner in the London-based firm of his brother, Johann Friedrich (John Frederick). in 1818 the financial company, J. Henry Schroder & Co. was established. It is now a British multi-national asset management company - Schroders plc.
Members of the Abraham family are listed in Post Office Directories as Surveyors, with offices in Hanley Road, N4; Malmesbury Road, E16 and Francis Road, E10. They were responsible for building around 500 properties, mostly 3 room maisonettes, for rental. These properties were mostly in the present London boroughs of Newham and Waltham Forest although others were in Islington, Haringey and Croydon.
In the letterheads of this company, the establishment date is given as 1830. However nothing is known of the business before c 1841 when Joseph Carter established his business as a carpenter, builder and decorator in Wellington Street, Clerkenwell. In Kelly's trade directory for 1877 Joseph Carter is described as a furniture dealer at 12 and 34 Lime Street, with additional premises at 13 Lime Street. Following the death of Joseph Carter in 1877, William Albert Bird took over the business under the name Joseph Carter and Company. The name was changed to J. Carter and Company in c 1897 and to J Carter and Company (Lime Street) Limited in c 1948. The business was described as office furnishers, fitters, removers and decorators. In late 1973 the company ceased trading in its own name and bought shares in DSI Design Group Limited.
In 1976 the share holding in DSI Design Group Limited was sold, thus severing connections with the company. In the same year, J. Carter and Company (Lime Street) Limited changed its name to J Carter and Company (Lime Street) (Holdings) Limited. A new trading company was created (financed from the Holdings Company) using the old name J. Carter and Company (Lime Street) Limited and trading from 15 Dock Street, London. These premises were sold in 1986 and in 1987 the company moved to 29/30 Sidney Grove, off Wakley Street. In 1995 the trading company was closed but the Holdings company remained active, operating merely as an investment company. Most of this information has been taken from F G Bird, A family history : a history of J Carter and Company and its association with the Bird family (2000), available in the Printed Books Section of Guildhall Library.
The company was based at 1 Wellington Street, Clerkenwell (later known as Lever Street) (ca.1841-1862), 14 Leadenhall Market (1862-8), 12 Lime Street (1868-1973), 15 Dock Street (1973-86), and 29/30 Sidney Grove, EC1 (1987-95). Between 1894 and 1900 the company moved the works from Leadenhall Place to 12 Sheppey Place, and also took on premises at 1 Fenchurch Avenue, which continued into the 1920s. The Sheppey Place works were moved to Dock Street in Stepney in 1921.
J Bloch and Co, Moscow were agents for the importation of pumps, weighing machines, Otis lifts, Remington typewriters and Edison's mimeographs
J. and W. Nicholson & Co. Ltd., gin distillers, owned a distillery at Three Mills, West Ham.
J and W Nicholson and Company Limited were gin distillers, founded in the 1730s. They purchased the Three Mills in West Ham in 1872 and occupied the premises until 1966, although they stopped making gin there in 1941.
J. and F. Grover were builders, undertakers and window blind makers based near the Old Church, Ealing.
The stockbroking firm of J and A Scrimgeour first appears in printed lists of members of the Stock Exchange in 1864. It became a limited company in ca. 1972. In around 1981, J and A Scrimgeour Limited merged with Kemp-Gee and Company to form Scrimgeour, Kemp-Gee and Company. The new company joined with Vickers da Costa (UK) Limited in 1985 to form Scrimgeour Vickers and Company. At this date Citicorp Investment Bank Limited acquired a minority stake in the firm, later taking full control. The constituent companies were subsequently closed down.
J and A Scrimgeour had premises at 18 Old Broad Street (1864-c 1903); South Sea House, Threadneedle Street (c 1903-1909); 2 and 3 Hatton Court, Threadneedle Street ([1909-1921]); 6 Austin Friars ([1921-1930]); 3 Lothbury and 5 Moorgate ([1930-1945]); 3 Lothbury ([1945-1952]); 15 and 16 George Street, Mansion House Place ([1952]-1976). From 1977, J and A Scrimgeour Limited is listed at The Stock Exchange, with other offices at 18-20 Andrew Street and 1 Benjamin Street. Scrimgeour, Kemp-Gee and Company (subsequently Scrimgeour Vickers and Company) had offices at 20 Copthall Avenue.
Prize goods were ships and goods captured at sea.
Vane Ivanovic was born into a family of shipping merchants. He studied at the University of Cambridge and later went on to become an Athlete, competing in the Berlin 1936 and London 1948 Olympics Games. He would also later become an expert in spear-fishing. Taking over his family shipping firm, Ivanovic was instrumental in acquiring the Yugoslavian fleet for use by the Allies during the Second World War. During the war he also acted for the Special Operations Executive (SOE). After the war, he took up permanent residence in the UK and held some political and diplomatic posts, such as Ambassador to Monaco. He also actively campaigned for a united Yugoslavia, and founded the Democratic Alternative group to support this.
I.T.M. Syndicate Limited was registered in 1922. The company was involved in improvements in tea manufacture in Ceylon [Sri Lanka] and Southern India. Harrisons and Crosfield Limited (CLC/B/112) acted as secretaries for the company. In 1929 I.T.M. Syndicate went into voluntary liquidation.
Information not available at present.
An Issuing House is an organisation, usually a merchant bank, which arranges the details of an issue of stocks or shares, and the necessary compliance with Stock Exchange regulations in connection with the listing of that issue. On 30 November 1944, representatives of constituents of the Accepting Houses Committee which acted as Issuing Houses in respect of foreign government and municipal loans, met to discuss their unsatisfactory relationship with the Council of Foreign Bondholders. Although the Issuing Houses subscribed to the Council, they felt that it did not consult them sufficiently with regard to negotiations with defaulting governments.
It was initially suggested that a sub-committee of the Accepting Houses Committee should be formed to represent the Issuing Houses of foreign bonds only. However, in 1945, after much discussion, it was decided to form a separate association of Issuing Houses to provide a forum for discussion of all the concerns of its members and a vehicle for putting the views of those members to the government, Bank of England and other authorities. Following the establishment of the City Code on Mergers and Take Overs, the Issuing Houses Association assisted in its administration; its members were required to observe the Code and accept its jurisdiction. The Association's approach to membership was a liberal one: any institution involved in the field of issue or takeover activity might apply, with the exception of stockbrokers and foreign banks.
The Issuing Houses Association worked closely with the Accepting Houses Committee with which it shared premises and a small secretariat. The premises were: 16 Bishopsgate, 1945-59; 19 Fenchurch Street, 1959-63; St Albans House, Goldsmith Street, 1963-9; 20 Fenchurch Street, 1969-73; Roman Wall House, 1-2 Crutched Friars, 1973-81; and Granite House, 101 Cannon Street, 1981-8. In 1988, the Association's activities were merged with those of the Accepting Houses Committee resulting in the formation of the British Merchant Banking and Securities Houses Association.
Wilfrid Israel, born in London in 1899 to an English Jewess and a German Jew, enjoyed a very privileged existence growing up in Berlin, where he inherited the family business, the famous N Israel department store, with its 2000 employees. Whilst conforming to family expectations, he entertained interests in socialist Zionism, pacifism and internationalism.
During the war years he became a secret intermediary, the confidant of such major figures as Chaim Weizmann and Albert Einstein, as well as hundreds of others, for whom he was able to arrange escapes, on account of his dual nationality and familiarity with Gestapo extortion techniques.
On a return flight from Portugal in 1943, where he was effecting the rescue of more Jewish refugees, he died when his plane was shot down by German fighters.
Wilfrid Israel, born in London in 1899 to an English Jewess and a German Jew, enjoyed a very privileged existence growing up in Berlin, where he inherited the family business, the famous N. Israel department store, with its 2000 employees. Whilst conforming to family expectations, he entertained interests in socialist Zionism, pacifism and internationalism. During the war years he became a secret intermediary, the confidant of such major figures as Chaim Weizmann and Albert Einstein, as well as hundreds of others, for whom he was able to arrange escapes, on account of his dual nationality and familiarity with Gestapo extortion techniques. On a return flight from Portugal in 1943, where he was effecting the rescue of more Jewish refugees, he died when his plane was shot down by German fighter aircraft.
Margaret Bruce married Thomas Henry Ismay (1837-1899) in 1859. At this time Ismay was running a fleet of sailing ships to the west coast of South America. In 1864 he became director of a steamship line trading between Liverpool and New York and in 1867 purchased the White Star Line, which ran fast sailing ships to Australia and New Zealand and which found itself in difficulties through lack of capital. Soon afterwards he set up the firm of Ismay, Imrie and Company and the partners and he established the Oceanic Steam Navigation Company (generally known as the White Star Line). In 1902 the Company was taken over by the new American Combine, the International Mercantile Marine Co., but their ships still sailed under the British flag.
When local juvenile advisory committees were appointed by the Board of Trade in 1910 to advise school leavers on the choice of employment, the London County Council invited the care committee workers to co-operate. These juvenile advisory committees were succeeded in 1917 by similar bodies appointed by the Minister of Labour, and they in turn were superseded in 1949 by youth employment committees whom the London County Council appointed, having decided, under the Employment and Training Act 1948, to operate the youth employment service.
This service provided individual guidance to potential leavers, assistance in placing them in employment, and gave them advice or help after starting out in work. The need for co-operation between the youth service, the youth employment service, and the colleges was fully recognised. Co-operation between youth officers, employers, parents and teachers had beneficial results.
These are the files of Alan Whittleton, former Secretary of the Association.
Poor relief was based on the Act for the Relief of the Poor of 1601 which obliged parishes to take care of the aged and needy in their area. Parish overseers were empowered to collect a local income tax known as the poor-rate which would be put towards the relief of the poor. This evolved into the rating system, where the amount of poor-rate charged was based on the value of a person's property. Early workhouses were constructed and managed by the parish. However, this process was expensive and various schemes were devised where groups of parishes could act together and pool their resources. As early as 1647 towns were setting up 'Corporations' of parishes. An Act of 1782, promoted by Thomas Gilbert, allowed adjacent parishes to combine into Unions and provide workhouses. These were known as 'Gilbert's Unions' and were managed by a board of Guardians.
Under the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834, the Poor Law Commission was given the power to unite parishes in England and Wales into Poor Law Unions. Each Union was to be administered by a local Board of Guardians. Relief was to be provided through the provision of a workhouse. An amendment to the 1834 Act allowed already existing 'Gilbert's Unions' or Corporations of parishes to remain in existence, although they were encouraged to convert themselves into Poor Law Unions. Although there was some reorganisation of union boundaries, particularly in London, the majority of Unions created under the 1834 Act remained in operation until 1930. In March 1930 a new Local Government Bill abolished the Poor Law Unions and the Board of Guardians. Responsibility for their institutions passed to Public Assistance Committees managed by the county councils - in the metropolis either the London County Council or the Middlesex County Council.
The Parish of Saint Mary Islington had constructed a workhouse on Liverpool Road in 1776, after the passing of a Local Act. This meant that it did not come under the juridsiction of the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act. The Board of Guardians was not constituted for the parish of St Mary Islington until 1867. A new workhouse was subsequently constructed on Saint John's Road in Upper Holloway. An infirmary was also built on Highgate Hill, on the site of the Highgate Smallpox Hospital which had been moved. An infant's school was constructed on Hornsey Road in 1853. In 1895 Islington also purchased a disused workhouse on Shadwell Road (later Cornwallis Road) to use as an overflow institution.
Source of information: Peter Higginbotham at The Workhouse website.
Community Health Councils were established in England and Wales in 1974 "to represent the interests in the health service of the public in its district" (National Health Service Reorganisation Act, 1973). Often referred to as 'the patient’s voice in the NHS', each Community Health Council (CHC) served the public and patients in its local area by representing their interests to National Health Service (NHS) authorities and by monitoring the provision of health services to their communities.
CHCs were independent statutory bodies with certain legal powers. CHCs were entitled to receive information about local health services, to be consulted about changes to health service provision, and to carry out monitoring visits to NHS facilities. They also had the power to refer decisions about proposed closures of NHS facilities to the Secretary of State for Health. For this reason, CHCs were sometimes known as the ‘watchdogs’ of the NHS. The co-ordinated monitoring of waiting times in Accident and Emergency departments led to ‘Casualty Watch’ which gained national press coverage. Locally, many CHCs represented patients’ views by campaigning for improved quality of care and better access to NHS services, and by responding to local issues such as proposed hospital closures.
Each CHC had around 20 voluntary members from the local area. Half were appointed by the local authority, a third were elected from voluntary bodies and the remainder were appointed by the Secretary of State for Health. Members met every month to six weeks and meetings were usually open to the general public. Guest speakers or guest attendees were often invited, particularly when a specific topic or issue was under discussion.
All CHCs employed a small number of paid office staff and some had shop-front offices, often on the high street, where members of the public could go for advice and information about local NHS services. CHCs published leaflets and guidance on a wide variety of topics from ‘how to find a GP’ to ‘how to make a complaint’.
Within the guiding principles and statutory duties of the legislation, CHCs developed organically in response to the needs of the communities they served and for this reason considerable variation can be found in the records of different CHCs.
Islington Community Health Council was created in September 1974 with the duty to represent the community of Islington and Hornsey to the National Health Service (NHS). The majority of members were appointed from the borough councils of Islington, Haringey (Hornsey) and Barnet and from voluntary bodies. Islington CHC employed three full-time staff. After a brief period operating from Whittington Hospital, its offices were based in Liverpool Road Hospital until 1980 when it moved to Manor Gardens, moving again to Holloway Road in 1994.
Community Health Councils in England were abolished in 2003 as part of the ‘NHS Plan (2000)’. The last meeting of Islington CHC was held in September 2003.
Islington Chinese Association (ICI) was founded in 1986. The charity originally began in a single room at 70 Bavaria Road. In 1992, they enlarged and moved to 33 Giesbach Road. In October 2008, the charity moved to 21 Hatchard Road, London, N19 4NG.
ICI is committed to providing a variety of services to benefit the community in Islington, in particular the Chinese Community. They offer many classes including art, martial arts, dance, singing, English language, Mandarin and Cantonese. Other services include the elderly group, women and children's group and youth group. The charity also provides welfare advice to the Chinese community.
In 2005, the charity received the Queen's Award for Voluntary Service.
A brewery is known to have existed in Isleworth in the early years of the 18th century but it was not until 1800 that the Farnells, a prominent local family, purchased it at a cost of £1,145. From this date, William Farnell developed and enlarged the existing business considerably and on his death in 1820 bequeathed it to two of his sons, John and Charles. These two entered into a formal partnership in 1824. Over the next thirty years they acquired, by lease or purchase, control of a large number of licensed houses while at the same time enlarging the Brewery, building malthouses and erecting cottages for their workmen. As wealthy and respected members of the local community they contributed large sums of money to charity, and helped in the building of Saint John's church, Isleworth. In 1854, William Farnell Watson, a relation by marriage, entered into partnership with the two Farnell brothers, and in 1865, the business became known as "Farnell and Watson's". In 1866, William, the son of W. Farnell Watson, to whom the business had been bequeathed in his father's will, converted it into the Isleworth Brewery Company Limited.
Sich and Company, taken over by the Isleworth Brewery Company in 1920, was likewise a small family concern. The earliest mention of a Sich connected with brewing was in a conveyance of 1790 when John Sich purchased the Lamb Brewery at Chiswick from a group of persons including members of the well-known Thrale family. In 1809 John Sich the Elder, John Sich the Younger and Henry Sich entered into a formal partnership as common brewers, a partnership which was dissolved and renewed between John Sich the Younger and Henry Sich in 1819. As a slight diversification of their business interests they agreed to act together as coal merchants, side by side with brewing. Throughout the remainder of the 19th century the business was carried on by a varying combination of members of the Sich family. They pursued a similar policy to the Isleworth Brewery Company and acquired a large number of licensed houses in the vicinity of the brewery.
Four years after the amalgamation of these two family businesses, the enlarged company was taken over by Messrs. Watney, Combe, Reid and Company.
A brewery is said to have existed in Isleworth since the early eighteenth century. The brewery, situated on St John's Road, Isleworth, passed through various owners until it was acquired by William Farnell in 1800, thereafter it remained in the Farnell family. In 1866 William, son of William Farnell Watson, changed the company name to Isleworth Brewery Limited. In 1920 the company amalgamated with Sich and Co. (brewers) and in 1924 the enlarged company was taken over by Watney, Combe, Reid and Co Ltd.
This company carried out business as shipping agents and merchants in Singapore and Penang, Malaya and was part of the Inchcape Group.
Elizabeth Isham was born in Braunston, Northamptonshire, in c 1558. She lived in Warden, Bedfordshire and married Henry Cave. She died in c 1630.
No biographical information is currently known for Thomas Sendall, fl 1659.
The origins of ISCO may be found in the the small Careers Advisory Bureau (CAB), run by the educational agents Messrs. Truman & Knightley from the 1920s onwards. In 1933, an Public Schools Section of the CAB was instituted, run by a Captain Pullein-Thompson. It was advised by a committee of headmasters Following the outbreak of war, the Public Schools Section of the CAB removed themselves from Truman & Knightley and formed the Public School Employment Bureau (PSEB) in 1939. This entity became a company limited by guarantee in 1942. The end of the war and the increasing numbers of public school leavers meant that the resources and staffing of PSEB were stretched to the limit. In 1947, an enquiry by a committee of the Headmasters' Conference, led by Sir George Schuster, came to the conclusion that PSEB needed to be radically overhauled. The new goals were to widen the range of help given to boys, improve contacts with schools and businesses, encourage schools to wrok out training schemes for 18 year olds, and assist careers masters by sending them prepared and classified information regarding openings throughout the whole country. The new organisation, known after May 1950 as the Public Schools Appointment Bureau (PSAB), was given a national structure and staffing, and was led by a Council composed of headmasters and representatives of school governing bodies. Regional offices began appearing in 1951, and PSAB provided a systematic placement service, various courses and summaries of training schemes. Though membership grew during the 1950s and early 60s, by the later part of the decade it had slowed due to the wish of students to attend higher education, economic fluctuations, and a lack of new schools eligible to join the scheme. PSAB responded by working more closely with parents, for example implementing the Parents Participation Scheme (later the Careers Guidance Scheme), where parents contributed money in exchange for packages of guidance, information and access to courses. In 1972, PSAB was renamed ISCO, the Independent Schools Careers Organisation, and the criteria for membership was relaxed to allow in non-HMS schools. Growth was maintained during the 1980s with the introduction of Morrisby tests and the computerisation of careers guidance. Joan Hills was the ISCO office manager from 1948 to the 1980s This information was taken from an unpublished work by Mike Hicks, 'Careers Work and Independent Schools 1920 - 2000: Eighty Years of Vocational Guidance', to mark the 50th Anniversary of ISCO. Mike Hicks is a member of the ISCO Council.
Henry Isbell, 1858-1930 was employed on the Belvidere and Diamond estates in Antigua, 1878-1891.
Susan Isaacs (1885-1948) née Fairhurst, trained as a teacher and gained a degree in philosophy from Manchester University in 1912. Following a period as a research student at the Psychological Laboratory, Cambridge, she was Lecturer at Darlington Training College, 1913-1914, and then lecturer in logic at Manchester University, 1914-1915. Between 1924 and 1927 she was Head of Malting House School, Cambridge, an experimental school which fostered the individual development of children. Isaacs also trained and practised as a psychoanalyst. In 1933 she became the first Head of the Department of Child Development at the Institute of Education, University of London, where she established an advanced course in child development for teachers of young children. Between 1929 and 1940 she was also an 'agony aunt' under the pseudonym of 'Ursula Wise', replying to readers' problems in child care journals. She married twice, firstly to William Brierley and secondly (in 1922) to Nathan Isaacs.
Nathan Isaacs (1895-1966) was a metallurgist and was awarded the OBE for the contribution he made to this field during World War Two. However, he also took a scholarly interest in the fields of philosophy, psychology and metaphysics, and was particularly interested in the work of Jean Piaget and in theories of child development and of the teaching of science to children. He lectured and wrote widely on these topics. He married the psychologist and educator Susan Fairhurst in 1922 and was closely involved with her work in the Malting House school experiment. After her death in 1948 he married Evelyn Lawrence, who had also worked at the Malting House School, Cambridge. They were both deeply involved with the National Froebel Foundation, an organisation devoted to promoting the ideas of the educationist, Friedrich Froebel.
Lady Stella Reading (1894-1971) was born Stella Charnaud in 1894 in Constantinople where her father worked for the British Foreign Service. She was educated in Europe before becoming a secretary. She was posted to India as the secretary of the new Viceroy's wife before becoming part of the Viceroy's secretariat in Delhi. There, she met John Isaacs, the Marquis of Reading whom she would marry after the death of his wife in 1931. He died in 1935, soon after their return to England. Lady Reading became increasingly involved in social work such as the Personal Service League (PSL) and was elected to a number of committees as well as becoming a magistrate. Her work with the PSL meant that it was her that the Home Secretary, Sir Samuel Hoare, approached to set up the Women's Voluntary Service for Air Raid Precautions in 1938. The organisation, which soon became known as the simply the Women's Voluntary Service or WRS, recruited and organised female volunteers before and during the war. After 1945, Lady Reading and the organisation continued their work and it was for this that she was created a Life Peer in Jul 1958, becoming the first woman to take her seat in the House of Lords as Baroness Swanborough. She died on 21 May 1971.