Born 1946; educated at Winchester and Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst; commissioned into the 11 Hussars (Prince Albert's Own), 1963; served with the 11 Hussars (Prince Albert's Own), British Army of the Rhine, West Germany, 1963-1968; resigned commission, 1968; lived in Paris, France, and worked on first novel, The violent brink (John Murray, London, 1975); author and military historian, from 1973; made Chevalier de l'Orde des Artes et des Lettres by French Government. Publications: The violent brink (John Murray, London, 1975); For reasons of state (Cape, London, 1980); The Spanish Civil War (Orbis, London, 1982); The Faustian pact (Cape, London, 1983); The enchantment of Christina von Retzen (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1989); Inside the British Army (Chatto Windus, London, 1990); Crete: the battle and the resistance (John Murray, London, 1991); Paris after the liberation, 1944-1949 (Penguin, London, 1995) with Artemis Cooper, ; Stalingrad (Viking, London, 1998).
Born in 1903; educated at Cheltenham College and Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; 2nd Lt, Royal Field Artillery, 1923; Lt, 1925; ADC to Government United Provinces, 1929-1931; Capt, 1936; Adjutant, 1936-1938; General Staff Officer Grade 3, 1939-1940; Maj, 1940; Brig, 1942; served in North West Europe, 1944-1946; Col, 1946; Deputy Director, Military Government (British Element), Berlin, 1948-1950; Maj Gen, 1951; Commander, 4 Anti-Aircraft Group, 1951-1953; Chief of Staff, General HQ, Middle East Land Forces, 1954-1957; retired, 1957; Col Commandant, Royal Artillery, 1960-1965; died in 1985.
Born 1891; educated at Sandroyd Cobham, Winchester College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst; commissioned into 1 Bn, The Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regt), 1911; service in Gibraltar, 1911-1912; served in Bermuda, 1912-1914; Lt, 1913; service in Pretoria, South Africa, 1914; served in World War One, 1914-1918; wounded, First Battle of Ypres, Belgium, 1914; acting Capt, 1915; Capt, 1915; Assistant Instructor, Mersey School of Instruction, 1915-1916; Company Commander, No 8, Officer Cadet Bn, 1916-1917; Staff Course, Clare College, Cambridge, 1917; Assistant Instructor, No 1 School of Instruction for Infantry Officers, 1917-1918; Senior Officers Course, Aldershot, Hampshire, 1918; commanded B Company, 1 Bn, The Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regt), 19 Infantry Bde, 33 Div, 5 Corps, 3 Army, Western Front, 1918; killed in action, near Epehy, France, 21 Sep 1918.
Born 1855; commissioned into the 92 Highlanders, 1875; served in Second Afghan War, 1878-1880; service in First Boer War, South Africa, 1880-1881; transferred to 6 Dragoon Guards, 1886; Maj, 16 Lancers, 1895; served in Second Boer War, South Africa, 1899-1902; raised and commanded Bethune's Horse, South Africa, 1899-1900; relief of Ladysmith, 1900; Assistant Adjutant General, Field Force, South Africa, 1900; Commanding Officer, 16 Lancers, 1900-1904; Brevet Col, 1900; Col on Staff, 1901; commanded Cavalry Bde, South Africa, 1901; appointed to General Staff and promoted to Brig Gen, 1905; awarded CB, 1905; commanded Eastern Sub-District, Cape Colony, south Africa; Maj Gen, 1908; Col, 4 (Royal Irish) Dragoon Guards, 1908-1920; awarded CVO, 1909; General Officer Commanding West Lancashire Div, Territorial Force, Western Command, 1909-1912; Director General, Territorial Force, 1912-1917; Lt Gen, 1913; served in World War One, 1914-1918; created KCB, 1915; retired 1920; Chairman, Metropolitan Area, Royal British Legion, 1925-1930; died 1930.
Born 1835; educated at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into the Royal Artillery, 1853; served in the Crimean War, 1854-1856, and was present at the Battle of the Alma, the Battle of Balaclava and the siege of Sebastopol; service in the Indian Mutiny Campaign, 1857-1859; Capt, 1860; Second China War, 1860; Maj, 1861; Lt Col, 1864; Assistant Boundary Commissioner for Reform Act, 1867; private secretary to Rt Hon Edward Cardwell, Secretary of State for War, 1871-1873; Col, 1872; Assistant Adjutant General, War Office, 1873-1878; awarded CB, 1877; HM Commissioner, Constantinople, 1879; High Commissioner and Commander-in-Chief, Cyprus, 1879-1886; created KCMG, 1880; Maj Gen, 1883; appointed GCMG, 1886; Inspector General of Recruiting, 1886-1888; Lt Gen, 1887; Director General of Military Education, 1888-1893; Gen, 1892; Quartermaster General to the Forces, 1893; Governor and Commander-in-Chief, Gibraltar, 1893-1900; created KCB, 1896; appointed GCB, 1899; retired, 1902; Army Purchase Commissioner, 1904; Master Gunner of St James's Park, 1914; died 1918. Publications: Lord Cardwell at the War Office. A history of his administration, 1868-1874 (John Murray, London, 1904).
Born 1909; service with No 1 Armoured Car Company, Iraq, 1936; died 1990.
Born in 1889; educated at Wellington College and Birmingham University; entered the Army through the Devon Militia in 1910; 2nd Lt, Devonshire Regt, 1912; served in France and Belgium with Devonshire Regt, Royal Flying Corps and Army Signal Service, 1914-1918; Lt, 1915; Capt, 1918; Experimental Officer at Signals Experimental Establishment, Woolwich, 1919; joined Royal Signals Corps, 1921; retired, 1923; served in World War Two; seconded to RN, 1942-1946; died in 1965.
Born 1907; educated at Nautical College, Pangbourne, and Royal Naval College, Dartmouth; joined Royal Navy, 1923; service on HMS EMPEROR OF INDIA, 1925; Lt, 1929; qualified as an aircrew observer, 1931; served on HMS GLORIOUS, 1931-1934; HMS FURIOUS, 1934-1938; Lt Cdr, 1937; Commanded 812 Naval Air Sqn, HMS GLORIOUS, 1938-1939; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; service with No 1 'General Reconnaissance Unit' RAF, magnetic minesweeping with Vickers Wellington bombers, UK and Egypt, 1940- 1941; awarded DSC, 1940; Staff observer to Commander-in-Chief Mediterranean, HMS WARSPITE, 1941-1942; Battle of Cape Matapan, 1941; Cdr, 1941; awarded Bar to DSC, 1941; served in the Naval Air Department, Admiralty, 1942-1945; served as Second in Command of HMS BELFAST, 1946-1947; Capt, 1947; Command of HMS VULTURE, Royal Naval Air Station, St Merryn, Cornwall, 1947-1949; Capt of HMS THESEUS, 1949-1951; served in Korean War, 1950-1951; awarded DSO, 1951; Director of Naval Air Warfare, Admiralty, 1951-1953; Chief of Staff to Flag Officer Air (Home), HMS DAEDALUS, Royal Naval Air Station, Lee-on-Solent, Hampshire, 1954-1956; R Adm, 1956; Member of Maritime Air Committee, 1956; Deputy Controller of Military Aircraft, Ministry of Supply, 1957-1960; awarded CB, 1958; retired 1960; died 1994.
Born in 1899; 2nd Lt, Royal Engineers; Lt, 1918; served in France and Belgium, 1918; served with Deputy Assistant Director of Engineering Stores, 1919; served in Waziristan, 1919-1921; Capt, 1926; Maj 1936; Lt Col 1942; Col, 1942; retired, 1949; died in 1996.
Born in 1855; educated at Durham School and at St Bartholomew's Hospital, 1879; served in South Africa as Senior Surgeon, Portland Hospital, Bloemfontein, 1899-1900; Maj, 1908-1914 and Lt Col, 1 London General Hospital, Royal Army Medical Corps, 1914-1919; civilian member of Army Medical Advisory Board, [1913]-1918; served in Army Medical Service, 1914-1919; British Red Cross Society representative on the Technical Reserve Advisory Committee on Voluntary Aid, 1914-1920; member of honorary consulting staff of Royal Army Medical College, Queen Alexandra Military Hospital, 1914-1920; served on British Red Cross Society Executive Committee, 1917-1920; honorary Maj Gen, Royal Army Medical Corps, 1920; died in 1929.
Born in 1912; first RAF commission, 1941; Sqn Ldr, Secretarial Branch, 1947; retired 1958; died in 1992.
Born in 1912; 2nd Lt, Royal Tank Corps, 1932; Lt, Royal Tank Regt, 1935; Capt, 1940; Assistant Inspector, Mechanical Inspection Department, Ministry of Supply, 1940-1942; Inspector, Fighting Vehicles Department, 1942-1943; Assistant Director of Army Fighting Vehicles, 1943-1946; Maj, 1946; special appointment under Director General of Fighting Vehicles, 1946-1947; Assistant Director of Technical Services (Fighting Vehicles), Washington, 1947-1948; Technical Staff Officer Grade 1, British Joint Services Mission, Washington, 1948-1950; Technical Staff Officer Grade 1, Fighting Vehicles Department, Ministry of Supply, 1950-1952; Assistant Director of Inspection of Fighting Vehicles, 1952-1955; Lt Col, 1953; Deputy to Deputy Director, Fighting Vehicles Research and Development Establishment, 1955-1957; Col, 1956; Director of Inspection of Fighting Vehicles, 1957-1960; Director of Fighting Vehicles, War Office 1961-1962; died in 1992.
Produced by the British Army as guides to various aspects of warfare.
The Association was formed to promote social contact between former members of the British Commanders'-in-Chief Mission (BRIXMIS) to the Soviet Forces in Germany, 1946-1990. Under the terms of an agreement signed by Lt Gen Sir Brian Robertson, Deputy Military Governor, Control Commission Germany, and Gen M S Malinin, Deputy Chief of Staff, Soviet Group of Forces of Occupation in Germany, the British and Soviet forces each had liaison missions in each other's zones, officially to foster good working relations, and unofficially to gather military intelligence. Similar agreements for the French and American forces were signed in 1947. BRIXMIS included Army and RAF personnel. All missions closed when the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) was reunited with the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), 1990.
Born in 1902; 2nd Lt, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, 1923; Lt, 1925; served on North West Frontier of India 1930-1931; Capt, 1935; Maj, 1940; served with Sudan Defence Force, 1943-1943; served in Normandy, 1944, and Germany, 1945-1947; Lt Col, 1947; served in Malaya, 1947-1951; died in 1985.
Born, 1899; son of (Sir) Francis Morgan Bryant, chief clerk to the Prince of Wales and later holder of various offices in the royal secretariat and Registrar of the Royal Victorian Order, and his wife May; educated at Pelham House, Sandgate, Kent, and Harrow School; joined the Royal Flying Corps, 1917; served as a Pilot Officer on the Western Front, 1917-1918; Queen's College, Oxford, 1919-1920; taught at a London County Council school; called to the Bar, Inner Temple, 1923; Principal, Cambridge School of Arts, Crafts and Technology, 1923-1925; Lecturer in History, Oxford University Delegacy for Extra-Mural Studies, 1925-1936; Educational Adviser (later Governor), Bonar Law College, Ashridge, Hertfordshire, from 1929; Watson Chair in American History, University of London, 1935; writer of 'Our Note Book', Illustrated London News, 1936-1985; Chairman, St John and Red Cross Library Department, 1945-1974; President, English Association, 1946; Chairman, Council of Ashridge, 1946-1949; awarded CBE, 1949; Chairman, Society of Authors, 1949-1953; awarded The Sunday Times Prize for Literature for The age of elegance, 1812-1822 (Collins, London, 1950); Chesney Gold medal, Royal United Services Institution; knighted, 1954; appointed Companion of Honour, 1967; Fellow of the Royal Historical Society; President, Common Market Safeguards Campaign; Hon Freedom and Livery, Leathersellers' Company; died, 1985. Publications: Ruper Buxton, a memoir. To which are attached some poems written in his boyhood (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1926); The spirit of Conservatism (Methuen, London, 1929); Syllabus of a course of twelve lectures on biography (John Johnson, Oxford, 1930); King Charles II (Longmans, London, 1931); Macaulay (Peter Davies, London, 1932); Samuel Pepys. The man in the making (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1933); The national character (Longmans, London, 1934); The England of Charles II (Longmans, London, 1934); editor of The man and the hour. Studies of six great men of our time (Philip Allan, London, 1934); Samuel Pepys. The years of peril (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1935); editor of The letters, speeches and declarations of King Charles II (Cassell, London, 1935); George V (Peter Davies, London, 1936); The American ideal (Longmans, London, 1936); Postman's horn. An anthology of the letters of latter seventeenth century England (Longmans, London, 1936); Stanley Baldwin. A tribute (Hamish Hamilton, London, 1937); Humanity in politics (Hutchinson, London, 1938); Samuel Pepys. The saviour of the Navy (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1938); editor of In search of peace. Speeches, 1937-1938 by Rt Hon (Arthur) Neville Chamberlain (Hutchinson, London, 1939); Unfinished victory (Macmillan, London, 1940); English saga, 1840-1940 (Collins, London, 1940); The years of endurance, 1793-1802 (Collins, London, 1942); The summer of Dunkirk (reprinted from The Daily Sketch, [London], 1943); Years of victory, 1802-1812 (Collins, London, 1944); The art of writing history (Oxford University Press, London, 1946); Historian's holiday (Dropmore Press, London, 1946); Trafalgar Day, 21st October, 1948. Alamein Day, 23rd October, 1948 [1948]; The Battle of Britain (The Daily Sketch, Manchester [c1949]); The age of elegance, 1812-1822 (Collins, London, 1950); Literature and the historian (Cambridge University Press, London, 1952); The story of England (Collins, London, 1953); The turn of the tide, 1939-1943. A study based on the diaries and autobiographical notes of Field Marshal the Viscount Alanbrooke (Collins, London, 1957); Triumph in the West, 1943-1946. Based on the diaries and autobiographical notes of Field Marshal the Viscount Alanbrooke (Collins, London, 1959); Liquid history. To commemorate fifty years of the Port of London Authority, 1909-1959 (privately published, London, 1960); Jimmy, the dog in my life (Lutterworth Press, London, 1960); A choice for destiny. Commonwealth and Common Market (Collins, London, 1962); The age of chivalry (Collins, London, 1963); The fire and the rose (Collins, London, 1965); Only yesterday. Aspects of English history, 1840-1940 (Collins, London, 1965); The Medieval foundation (Collins, London, 1966); Protestant island (Collins, London, 1967); The lion and the unicorn. A historian's testament (Collins, London, 1969); Nelson (Collins, London, 1970); The great Duke, or, the invincible General (Collins, London, 1971); Jackets of green: a study of the history, philosophy and character of the Rifle Brigade (Collins, London, 1972); A thousand years of British monarchy (Collins, London, 1975); Pepys and the revolution (Collins, London, 1979); The Elizabethan deliverance (Collins, London, 1980): Spirit of England (Collins, London, 1982); Set in a silver sea: the island peoples from earliest times to the fifteenth century (Collins, London, 1984). Published posthumously: Freedom's own island: the British oceanic expansion, with a chapter by John Kenyon (Collins, London, 1986); The search for justice (Collins, London, 1990).
Born 1921; served World War Two, 1939-1945; Lt and Intelligence Officer in 41 Royal Marines Commando during the invasion of Sicily and Salerno; Capt; died 1978.
Born 1917, member of the 'Hopkinson Mission', (Military part of No.3 Military and Air Mission, British Expeditionary Force, May-Jun 1940); killed in North Africa, 1941.
Born in 1863; joined Army, 1882; Capt, 1891; served with Chitral Relief Force, 1895; attended Staff College, 1897; Maj, 1898; attached to Egyptian Army, 1897-1899; served in Sudan, 1898; Staff Capt (Intelligence), Army HQ, 1899; Deputy Assistant Adjutant, later Assistant Adjutant General, South Africa, 1899-1902; Professor, Staff College, Camberley, 1902-1904; Deputy Assistant Adjutant General, Staff College, Camberley, 1904-1905; Commandant, Staff College, Quetta, India 1906-1911; Brig Gen commanding 13 Infantry Bde, Irish Command, 1911-1914; Inspector of Infantry, 1914; commanded 7 Div, Western Front, 1914; promoted to command 12 Corps but died of wounds sustained in Battle of Loos, 1915.
Born 1886; educated Uppingham, Leicester, Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Surrey; 2nd Lt, Gordon Highlanders, 1906; Lt, 1909; Capt, 1914; served World War One, 1914-1918; Adjutant to Col John Raymond Evelyn Stansfeld, 2 Bn Gordon Highlanders, 1915-1916; Staff Capt, 20 Infantry Bde, BEF (British Expeditionary Force), France, 1916; Bde Maj, 45 Infantry Bde, France, 1916-1917; Brevet Maj, 1916; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, and temporary Maj for, successively, 51 Div, 5 Corps and 18 Corps, France, 1917-1918; General Staff Officer, Grade 1, and temporary Lt Col, 4 Div, 1918-1920; attended Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1919; Bde Maj, 6 Indian Infantry Bde, Northern Command, India, 1920; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, Northern Command, India, 1920-1923; Instructor and General Staff Officer, Grade 2, Staff College, Quetta, India, 1923-1926; Maj, 1923; Brevet Lt Col, 1924; Col, 1927; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, War Office, 1928-1930; General Staff Officer, Grade 1, War Office, 1931-1934; Directing Staff, Imperial Defence College, 1934-1936; temporary Brig and Commander, 2 Infantry Bde, Aldershot Command, 1936, and Palestine and Trans-Jordan, 1937-1938; Maj Gen, 1937; Director of Staff Duties, War Office, 1938-1939; Assistant Chief of the Imperial General Staff, 1939-1940; acting Lt Gen and General Officer Commanding 1 Corps, Home Forces, 1940-1941; Lt Gen, 1941; General Officer Commanding in Chief, Eastern Command, 1941-1942; Senior Military Assistant, Ministry of Supply, [1942-1944]; retired, 1944; died 1954.
Born in 1913; 2nd Lt, Royal Lincolnshire Regt, 1933; Lt, 1936; General Staff Officer Grade 3, HQ Western Command, 1940; Bde Maj, Nigerian Bde, 1940-1942; Capt, 1941;General Staff Officer Grade 2, 1 Lines of Communication Sub-Area, North Africa, 1942-1943, 20 Liaison HQ, 1944, and North West Europe, 1945-1946; served with the French Special Air Service, 1944; General Staff Officer Grade 1, North West Europe, 1946; Maj, 1946; General Staff Officer Grade 2, British Military Mission to France, 1947; AMA (General Staff Officer 2), Cairo, 1949-1951; General Staff Officer Grade 2 later Grade 1, HQ Allied Forces in Central Europe, 1955-1958; Lt Col, 1956; General Staff Officer Grade 1, French Forces in Germany, 1958-1959; retired, 1968; died in 1994.
The Council on Christian Approaches to Defence and Disarmament was founded in the early 1960s as a response to the Cold War; it arose from the Institute of Strategic Studies, founded in 1957, and was intended to be a separate but parallel body for discussion of the ethical problems of nuclear deterrence. Originally called the Conference on Christian Approaches to Defence and Disarmament', early members included Sir Anthony Buzzard, Sir Kenneth Grubb, Alan Booth, Sydney Bailey and the Bishop of Chichester, George Bell. To enforce the connection between the organisations Alastair Buchan, Director of the Institute of Strategic Studies, became the first CCADD Vice-President. The first CCADD conference was held at Lambeth Palace and Fulham Palace, London, in 1963. On 20 September 1965 it became incorporated as a company limited by guarantee, and shortly afterwards changed its name to theCouncil on Christian Approaches to Defence and Disarmament'. During the 1960s CCADD became the advisory body on defence and disarmament to the British Council of Churches, and began to publish research and hold regular discussion meetings, as well as an annual international conference. Following the end of the Cold War in 1989, the CCADD has expanded its topics of concern to include humanitarian intervention, peacekeeping, the role of the UN, the arms trade, biological and chemical weapons, torture and terrorism.
CCADD publishes a number of conference papers, reports, discussion papers and studies. Studies published since 1992 include: Retaliation: A Political and Strategic Option under Moral and Religious Scrutiny (Methodist Publishing House, 1992); Profit Without Honour? Ethics and the Arms Trade (Methodist Publishing House, 1992); Some Corner of a Foreign Field: Intervention and World Order (Macmillan, 1998); The Crescent and the Cross: Muslim and Christian Approaches to War and Peace (Macmillan, 1998); Demanding Peace: Christian Responses to War and Violence (SCM Press, 1999); Witnesses to Faith?: The Concept of Martyrdom in Christianity and Islam (Ashgate, 2005); Britain's Bomb: What Next? (SCM-Canterbury Press, 2006).
Born in 1886; 2nd Lt 12 (Prince of Wales's Royal) Lancers, 1905; Lt, 1907; employed with Egyptian Army, 1913-1914; Capt, 1914; served World War One, France and Belgium, 1914-1918; acting Maj, 1916, 1917-1919; Brevet Maj, 1919; Maj, 1923; General Staff Officer, Grade 3, War Office, 1923; Commander, Company of Gentleman Cadets, Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and General Staff Officer, Grade 2, 1923-1925; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, and temporary Lt Col, 1925-1926; Lt Col, 1927; Commander, 12 (Prince of Wales's Royal) Lancers, 1927-1931; [Commander 6 Midland Cavalry Bde (Territorial Army), 1931-1932]; retired 1932; director of Charringtons Brewery, 1932; member of His Majesty's Bodyguard of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms, 1935; recalled to service, and served in World War Two, 1939-1945; General Staff Officer, Grade 1, Aldershot Command, [1939-1940]; Commander 1 Armoured Bde, Middle East and Greece, 1940-1941; Commander Fighting Vehicles Section, General Headquarters, Cairo, Egypt, May-Jul 1941; invalided back to England, Jul 1941; Commander of an Armoured Div, 1941-1943; Honorary Brig, 1943; retired, 1943; Personal Assistant to FM Alan Francis Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke, Chief of the Imperial General Staff, 1945[-1946]; died 1965.
Born in 1877; educated at Kelvinside Academy, Göttingen University and Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; 2nd Lt, Royal Engineers, 1896, and posted to India; served on North West Frontier with Military Works Services; transferred to Bengal Sappers and Miners, [1899]; Capt, 1905; Staff College, Quetta, 1907-1909; Staff Capt, HQ, India, 1909-1910; General Staff Officer Grade 2, Operations Section, General Staff, Simla, 1910-1912; unofficial war correspondent with Bulgarian Army, 1912; Assistant Military Secretary to General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Aldershot, 1912-1914; Maj, 1914; ADC to General Officer Commanding 1 Army Corps, BEF, 1914; General Staff Officer Grade 2, 1 Army Corps HQ, 1914-1916; Brig Gen (Head of Intelligence Service), BEF General HQ, 1916-1918; Deputy Director of Transportation, General HQ, France, 1918; Director of Movements and Quartering, India, 1920-1921; Col, 1921; Deputy Adjutant and Quartermaster General, Eastern Command, India, 1921-1922; retired, 1922; MP (Conservative) for Dumfriesshire, 1924-1929; publication of Field-Marshal Earl Haig (Cassell and Co, London, 1929), At GHQ (Cassell and Co, London, 1931) and Haig (Duckworth, London, 1933); died in 1946.
Born 1917; educated at Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, Devon; served with Royal Navy, 1936-1961; commissioned Midshipman, 1936; service on HMS LONDON, 1 Cruiser Sqn, Mediterranean Fleet, 1936-1938; acting Sub Lt, 1938; Promotion Course, Portsmouth, 1938; Sub Lt, 1938; served on HMS IMOGEN, 3 Destroyer Flotilla, Mediterranean Fleet, 1939; service in World War Two with the Home Fleet and the Western Approaches Command, 1939-1945; qualified as signal communications specialist, 1942; service on HMS OFFA, Battle of the Atlantic, 1942-1943; served on HMS BELFAST, 1943-1945; sinking of the German battlecruiser SCHARNHORST, Battle of North Cape, 1943; shore bombardment of Normandy coast, France, for D Day, Operation NEPTUNE, Jun 1944; Lt Cdr, 1944; served on HMS UKUSSA, Royal Naval Air Station, Katukurunda, Ceylon, 1946-1947; Signal Division, Admiralty, 1947-1949; Cdr, 1951; posted to HMS PRESIDENT, 1952-1954; commanded HMS CONTEST, 1955-1956; Joint Tactical School, Malta, 1957; HMS PHOENICIA, 1958-1960; served as Sea Cadet Corps Officer, 1961, retired 1961; Defence Correspondent for the Statist, 1962-1967; regular contributor of articles to Navy magazine, 1962-1977, member of the Bow Group Standing Committee on Defence, 1982. Publications: Co-authored with John Arbuthnot Ducane Wilkinson, MP, The uncertain ally. British Defence Policy, 1960-1990 (Gower, Aldershot, 1982); British Defence, a blueprint for reform (Brassey's, London, 1987).
Born 1909; educated at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into the Royal Corps of Signals, 1929; Technical Royal Corps of Signals Training, Catterick, Yorkshire, 1929-1931; 2 Divisional Signal Regt, Aldershot, Hampshire, 1931-1933; Lt, 1932; served with 13 Corps Signal Regt, Indian Signal Corps, Rawalpindi and Karachi, India, 1934-1939; Capt, 1938; posted to 1 Anti Aircraft Bde Signal Sqn, Hampshire, 1939; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; Adjutant, 1 Anti Aircraft Signal Regt, Territorial Army, London, 1939-1940; service with 53 (Welsh) Div Signal Regt, East Anglia, 1940; served with 61 Div Signal Regt, Ballymena, County Antrim, Northern Ireland, 1940-1941; temporary Maj, 1941; Staff Officer to Chief Signals Officer, Headquarters, 3 Corps, Lurgan, County Armagh, Northern Ireland, 1941-1942; served in Basra, Iraq, and Khorramshah and Qom, Iran, with 10 Army, 1942-1943; service in Sicily, Italy, and Allied Forces Headquarters Algiers, Algeria, 1943-1945; Maj, 1946; Staff Officer to Chief Air Formation Signals Officer, RAF Headquarters, Germany, 1946-1948; Headquarters, British Army of the Rhine (BAOR), 1948; Senior Officers School, Devizes, Wiltshire, 1948; British Army Mission to Burma, 1949-1951; Lt Col, 1951; Chief Signals Officer, 1 Anti Aircraft Group, London, 1951-1955; Commanding Officer, Signal Regt, Territorial Army, 1955-1957; retired 1957; died 1998.
Born in 1895; educated at Clifton College and Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; entered Army, 1914; service in World War One, France and Belgium, 1915-1917 and Italy, 1917-1919; Assistant British Commissioner, Anglo-Italian Jubaland Boundary Commission, 1925-1928; Senior British Commissioner, British Somaliland-Ethiopia Boundary Commission, 1931-1936; Chief Engineer, China Command, 1940-1941; Prisoner of War, 1941-1945; retired in 1948; British Commissioner, Kenya-Ethiopia Boundary Commission, 1950-57; died in 1970.
Born in 1877; 2nd Lt, King's Own Scottish Borderers, 1897; served with Tirah Expedition Force, North West Frontier of India, 1897-1898; Lt, 1898; Capt, 1901; served in South Africa, 1902; Adjutant, Volunteers, Kings Own Scottish Borderers, 1903-1905 and 1907-1908; Adjutant, Territorial Force, 1908-1911; Adjutant, Officers Training Corps, 1913-1914; Maj, 1914; served in World War One, 1914-1918; commanded 7 Bn Kings Own Scottish Borderers, 1915-1916; 2nd in Command, Officers Cadet Bn, 1917-1918; died in 1958.
Born, 1922; educated at Manchester Grammar School and Pembroke College, Oxford; Pilot, Royal Air Force, 1941-1946; Assistant Principal, Air Ministry, 1948; Private Secretary to Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Air, 1949-1951; Private Secretary to Permanent Under Secretary of State for Air, 1951-1953; Private Secretary to Chief of Air Staff, 1953-1955; Assistant Secretary, Head of the Air Staff, Secretariat, 1955-1960; Head of Cyprus Secretariat, including negotiations in Cyprus and responsibility for setting up Sovereign Base Area Administration in Cyprus, 1960-61; awarded CMG, 1961; Director of Accounts, Air Ministry, 1961-1962; Assistant Under Secretary of State, Air Ministry, 1962-1964; Assistant Under Secretary of State, Ministry of Defence, 1964-1968; Deputy Under Secretary of State, Ministry of Defence, 1968-1970; awarded CB, 1970; Deputy Secretary, Civil Service Department, 1970-1973; Permanent Under Secretary of State, Northern Ireland Office, 1973-1976; created KCB, 1974; Honorary Fellow, Pembroke College, Oxford, 1976; Permanent Under Secretary of State, Ministry of Defence, 1976-1982; appointed GCB, 1979; Member of Council, King's College London, 1981-1989; Honorary Consultant, Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies, from 1982; Governor, Cranbrook School, 1982-1992; Director, Westland Helicopters, 1982-1985; Privy Councillor, 1983; Chairman, Delegacy, King's College Medical and Dental School, 1983-1989; Director, Babcock International Group, 1983-1990; Director, Morgan Crucible, 1983-1994; Member of Council, Imperial College, London, 1983-1996; Director, N M Rothschild and Sons, 1983-1996; published Communications in crisis management (Council for Arms Control, London, 1985); Chairman, United Scientific Holdings, 1985-1989; Chairman, Institute of Contemporary British History, 1986-1992; Chairman, High Integrity Systems Limited, 1986-1995; Fellow of King's College London, 1987; Chairman of Trustees, Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, King's College London, 1987-2002; Fellow of Imperial College London, 1988; Chairman of Council, Imperial College, London, 1988-1996; Member, Advisory Council on Public Records, 1989-1992. For further biographical information see the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
Born in 1916; commissioned into the army, 1940; 2nd Lt, Royal Army Pay Corps, 1943; Lt, 1945; member of British Mission to Bulgaria, 1944-1947; Capt, 1946; Maj, 1952; Lt Col, 1955; Commandant, Royal Army Pay Corps Training Centre, 1959; Col, 1960; Command Paymaster, Northern Command, 1962; Army Representative on HM Forces Savings Committee, 1965-1966; Brig, 1966; Chief Paymaster, Far East Land Forces, 1966-1969; Chief Paymaster, British Army of the Rhine, 1969-1970; retired, 1971; died in 1985.
Born in India, 1905; educated at Connaught House, Wellington College and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into the Corps of Royal Engineers, 1925; Lt, 1927; served in India with Queen Victoria's Own Madras Sappers and Miners, 1932-1936; awarded Albert Medal (later exchanged for the GC) for rescuing survivors of the earthquake in Quetta, India, 1935; Capt, 1936; Instructor, Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, 1936-1938; Staff Capt, 1939; Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1939; served in World War Two in the Middle East, Italy and North West Europe, 1939-1945; Deputy Assistant Quartermaster General, War Office, 1939-1940; temporary Maj, 1940-1941; Middle East, 1940-1942; Assistant Quartermaster General, 1941-1942; temporary Lt Col, 1941-1944; Maj, 1942; Assistant Adjutant and Quartermaster General, 30 Corps, Western Desert, 1942; General Staff Officer 1, British Army Staff, Washington DC, USA, 1942-1943; Instructor, US Command and Staff School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, USA, 1942-1943; awarded OBE, 1943; substantive Lt Col, 1944; acting Brig, Allied Forces Headquarters, Caserta, Italy, 1944; Brig Q [Quartermaster] (Army Equipment), 1944; temporary Brig, 1944-1953; awarded CBE, 1946; Col, 1949; Brig, 1953; temporary Maj Gen, 1953; Chief of Staff, Headquarters, Eastern Command, 1953-1956; Maj Gen, 1954; awarded CB, 1954; Vice Quartermaster General, 1956-1957; Lt Gen, 1957; Controller of Munitions, Ministry of Supply, 1957-1960; created KBE, 1958; Master General of the Ordnance, War Office, 1960-1962; Governor, Wellington College, 1960-1976; Col Commandant, Royal Pioneer Corps, 1961-1967; Col Commandant, Royal Engineers, 1961-1970; retired 1962; Director, Alastair Watson Limited, 1962-1970; Chairman, Bowmaker Limited, 1962-1971; Director, British Oxygen Limited, 1962-1976; Chairman of Governors, Eagle House School, 1968-1976; Chairman of Governors, Bigshotte School, 1968-1976; Director, C T Bowring and Company Limited, 1969-1971; Vice President and Chairman of Governors, Wellington College, 1969-1976; Chairman, Wilverley Securities Limited, 1970-1973; Keith and Henderson Limited, 1973-1976; Chairman, Polamco Limited, 1976-1993; Chairman of Governors, Brockenhurst Sixth Form College, 1977-1984; President, Old Wellingtonian Society, 1979-1993; President, New Forest Preservation Society, 1982-1993; Fellow, Royal Society of Arts; died 1993.Publications: Memoirs of Lieutenant-General Sir John Cowley, 1905-1993, edited by Colin Maitland (Deltastet, London, 1998).
Born 1908; educated at the Merchant Taylors' School, London; service with 342 (Hertford) Battery, 86 (East Anglian), Hertfordshire Yeomanry Field Regt, Royal Artillery, Territorial Army, 1928-1940 and 1947-1951; Lt, 1931; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; service with 121 Medium Regt, Royal Artillery, in the Western Desert, Tunisia, Italy and North West Europe, 1941-1945; acting Lt Col, 1945; Lt Col, 1947; Brevet Col, 1951; Deputy Lieutenant for Hertfordshire, 1951-1968; County Commissioner, Scouts, West Cumberland, 1958; County Commissioner, Scouts, Cumberland, 1968-1971; Deputy Lieutenant for Cumberland, 1968-[1973]; died 1986.
Born 1913; educated at Minehead Modern School, Somerset, Latymer Upper School, London, King's College London and Heidelberg University, Germany; Acting Vice Consul and Vice Consul, British Consulate General, Free City of Danzig, 1938-1939; service in World War Two, 1939-1945; enlisted in Army, 1939; commissioned, 1940; Intelligence Officer, Auxiliary Units, General Headquarters Home Forces, and Instructor in irregular warfare, 1940-1941; Instructor, German Interrogation Course, Cambridge, 1941; posted to Middle East, 1941; Intelligence Officer, Headquarters 8 Army, Egypt and Libya, 1941-1942; General Staff Officer 3, General Headquarters Middle East, and Headquarters 10 Corps, Jun-Sep 1942; General Staff Officer 3, Headquarters 8 Army, 1942-1943; General Staff Officer 2, Instructor on War Intelligence Course, School of Military Intelligence, Matlock, Derbyshire, 1943-1944; served in North West Europe, 1944-1945; Maj, General Staff Officer 2, Operational Intelligence, G2 Division, Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces (SHAEF), 1944-1945; General Staff Officer 2, Tactical Headquarters 21 Army Group and Headquarters British Army of the Rhine, 1945; Deputy Head of Political Intelligence Section, Headquarters British Army of the Rhine, 1945; demobilised, Dec 1945; Personal Assistant, Messrs Williams and Williams, Chester and London, 1946; Senior Research Officer, Joint Intelligence Bureau, 1946-1948; Joint Services Staff College, 1948; Deputy Assistant Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau, 1950-1953; British Joint Services Mission, Washington DC, USA, 1953-1956; awarded OBE, 1956; Assistant Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau, 1957-1963; Imperial Defence College, 1960; Counsellor, British Embassy, Washington DC, USA, 1963-1965; Chairman, Joint Intelligence Staff, Cabinet Office, 1965-1968; Assistant Director (Economic Intelligence), Defence Intelligence Staff, Ministry of Defence, 1968-1973; Director of Economic Intelligence, Defence Intelligence Staff, Ministry of Defence, 1970-1973; Deputy Chief Adviser to Commercial Union Assurance Company Limited, 1973-1978; died 1995. Publications: Die Persönlichkeit Johann Christian Günthers (Heinrich Fahrer, Heidelberg-Handschuhsheim, Germany, 1938); translation, with Douglas Scott and R F C Hull, of Existence and being by Martin Heidegger (Vision, London, 1949); translation, with E E Thomas, of Ostasien denkt anders (The mind of East Asia) by Lily Abegg (Thames, London, 1952); In the caves of the mind. Poems by Alan Crick (Privately published, Rye, Sussex, 1992).
Born 1877; educated at Radley College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst; commissioned into The Prince of Wales's Own (West Yorkshire Regt), 1897; Lt, 1899; served in Second Boer War, South Africa, 1899-1902; Battle of Colenso, 1899; relief of Ladysmith, 1900; awarded DSO, 1902; Capt, 1904; service in Ireland and the UK, 1904-1907; Adjutant, 2 Bn, West Yorkshire Regt, 1904-1907; Instructor and Commanding Officer, Company of Gentleman Cadets, Royal Military College, Sandhurst, 1908-1912; served in World War One, 1914-1918; Staff Officer to International Force, Albania, 1913-1914; Staff Capt, 21 Infantry Bde, BEF (British Expeditionary Force), 1914-1915; Maj, 1915; transferred to Northamptonshire Regt, 1915; Bde Maj, 21 Infantry Bde, British Armies in France, 1915-1916; awarded CMG, 1916; General Staff Officer 2, 30 Div, Western Front, 1916-1917; General Staff Officer 2, 7 Corps, France, 1917; General Staff Officer 1, Headquarters, Royal Flying Corps, 1917-1918; temporary Lt Col, 1917-1919; served with Air Ministry, 1918; General Staff Officer 1, 59 Div, British Armies in France, 1918; General Staff Officer 1, No 1 Tank Group, 1918-1919; General Staff Officer 1, General Headquarters, British Armies in France, 1919; General Staff Officer 2, Northern Air Defences, 1919-1922; Lt Col, 1925; Col, 1929; commanded 133 (Sussex and Kent) Infantry Bde, 44 (Home Counties) Div, Territorial Army, 1930-1934; retired 1934; died 1947.
Joined Royal Naval Air Service, [1914]; served in UK, 1914-1915, Gallipoli, 1915, Bulgaria, 1915, and Egypt, 1916; imprisoned in Turkey; Group Capt, RAF, 1935; Air Attaché, Rome, 1935; Air Cdre, No 24 (Training) Group, RAF Station Halton, 1938.
Born in 1916; educated at Felsted School; 2nd Lt, Baluch Regt, Indian Army, 1940; served on North West Frontier, India, in Iraq and Persia and as General Staff Officer Grade 2, HQ Allied Land Forces South East Asia, Burma, 1940-1945; attended Staff College, Quetta, 1943; Deputy Assistant Quartermaster General, India Office, 1945; transferred to Royal Army Ordnance Corps, 1946; Lt, 1946; Capt, 1946; Maj, 1952; Senior Instructor, Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps School, Melbourne, 1952-1954; Deputy Assistant Quartermaster General, HQ Aldershot District, 1954-1955; Assistant Adjutant and Quartermaster General, Land Forces, Hong Kong, 1960-1962; Col, 1962; Assistant Adjutant General, Ministry of Defence, 1962-1965; Senior Provision Officer, Central Ordnance Depot, Bicester, 1965-1966; Brig, 1966; Director of Ordnance Services, Far East Land Forces, 1966-1969; Deputy Director of Ordnance Services, Ministry of Defence, 1969-1971; Maj Gen, 1971; Commander Base Organisation, Royal Army Ordnance Corps, 1971-1973; honorary Col, Royal Army Ordnance Corps, Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve, 1971-1973; Col Commandant, Royal Army Ordnance Corps, 1975-1979; died in 1987.
Born in 1877; educated at Shrewsbury School; served in South Africa with 1 Bn, Manchester Regt, 1900-1901; Solicitor, Supreme Court, 1904; served in World War One in Egypt, 1914-1915, Gallipoli, 1915, and France; commanded 1/5 Bn, Manchester Regt, 1914-1920, and 127 Infantry Bde, 1920-1924; publication of Letters from Helles (Longmans, London, 1936); died in 1959.
Born in 1900; Lt, Royal Army Medical Corps, 1923; attached to Sudan Defence Force, 1924-1931; Capt, 1927; Maj, 1934; served on North West Frontier of India, 1936-1937; died in 1987.
Born 1896; educated at Shrewsbury and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst; served in World War One, 1914-1918; commissioned into the Royal Berkshire Regt, 1915; Lt, 1915; served on Western Front, 1916-1918; acting Capt, 1916-1918; Adjutant, 1 Bn, Royal Berkshire Regt, 1917-1918; awarded MC, 1918; acting Capt, 1918-1921; service in Iraq, 1919-1920; Capt, 1921; service with officers Company of Gentleman Cadets, Royal Military College, Sandhurst, 1923-1927; Maj, 1932; Staff Capt, War Office, 1932-1934; Bde Maj, Aldershot Command, 1934-1936; General Staff Officer 2, Defence Forces, Union of South Africa, 1937-1938; Lt Col, 1938; Commanding Officer, 1 Bn, Royal Berkshire Regt, 1939; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; acting Brig, 1939-1940; commanded 13 Infantry Bde, campaign in France and the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) from Dunkirk, 1940; awarded DSO, 1940; Chief of Staff, Canadian Corps, UK, 1940; Col, 1941; acting Maj Gen, 1941; General Officer Commanding 46 (North Midland and West Riding) Div, UK, 1941; General Officer Commanding 42 Armoured Div, UK, 1942; General Officer Commanding 13 Corps, 8 Army, North Africa and the Allied Invasions of Sicily and Italy, 1942-1943; awarded CB, 1943; General Officer Commanding 2 Army, 21 Army Group, Allied Invasion of Normandy and North West Europe campaign, 1944-1945; created KCB, 1944; General Officer Commanding 14 Army in reoccupation of Singapore and Malaya, 1945; created KBE, 1945; Commander-in-Chief, Allied Land Forces, South East Asia, 1945-1946; Gen, 1946; Commander-in-Chief, Middle East, 1946-1947; Aide de Camp General to the King, 1946-1947; retired 1947; Chairman, Racecourse Betting Control Board, 1947-1951; Col, The Royal Berkshire Regt, 1947-1956; Col Commandant, Corps of Royal Military Police, 1947-1957; Deputy Lieutenant, Berkshire, 1950; Commander-in-Chief (designate), UK Land Forces, 1951-1956; Col Commandant, 1 Special Air Service Regt (SAS), 1951-1960; Chairman, H and G Simonds, 1953-1963; Chairman, Greene, King and Sons Limited, 1955-1969; appointed GBE, 1956; Deputy Chairman, Courage, Barclay and Simonds Limited, 1961-1966; died 1969.
Born in India in 1910; educated at Mayfield College, Sussex, 1921-1927; enlisted in Life Guards, 1928; commissioned into 2 Royal Ulster Rifles, 1933; served with 1 Royal Ulster Rifles in Alexandria, 1935, Hong Kong, 1935-1937, and Shanghai, 1937; Lt 1936; served in India, 1937-1939; Capt, 1939; served with 2 East Surrey Regt, 1940, 2 Royal Ulster Rifles, 1943-1944, and 1 King's (Liverpool) Regt, 1946; Maj, 1946; Company Commander, 1 Royal Irish Fusiliers, British Army of the Rhine, 1950; served with King's African Rifles, Kenya, 1952-1954; Lt Col, 1953; died in 1986.
Born in 1913; 2nd Lt, Indian Army, 1937; Lt, 1938; served with 4 Gurkha Rifles, India, 1938-1946; Instructor, Infantry School, India, 1943-1946; Capt, 1944; died in 1947.
Born in 1906; Pilot Officer, General Duties Branch, 1930; posted to No 25 Fighter Sqn, 1931; posted to No 35 Bomber Sqn, 1935; served in Middle East, 1935-1937; Flight Lt, 1936; Sqn Leader, 1938; appointed Sqn Leader Operations at No 11 Group HQ, Fighter Command, 1938; commanded No 54 Fighter Sqn, May 1940; later in the same year promoted to Wing Cdr and posted to HQ No 11 Group as Group Controller in Fighter Group Operations Room; on duty during Battle of Britain, Sep 1940; posted to HQ Fighter Command, Stanmore, 1941; graduated from RAF Staff College, 1942; commanded RAF Station High Ercall, and later RAF Station Honiley, 1941-1943; posted to China, 1943-1945; Gp Capt Fighter Operations, HQ Fighter Operations, Stanmore, 1945; Station Commander, Southern Section, 1946; Gp Capt, 1947; Senior Air Staff Officer, No 22 Group HQ, 1948; Deputy Director of Operations (Air Defence), Air Ministry, 1949-1952; Senior Staff Officer in charge of Administration, No 83 Group HQ, West Germany, 1952-1955; retired, 1955; died in 1984.
Born in 1866; educated at Eton and New College, Oxford; worked for London and South Western Railway Company; MP (Conservative) for New Forest Division, Hampshire, 1892-1905; commissioned in 4 Volunteer Bn, Hampshire Regt, 1896; commanded 4 Volunteer Bn, Hampshire Regt, 1904-1912; commanded 2 Bn, 7 Hampshire Regt, Egypt, 1914, and India, 1915; Inspector of Mechanical Transport to Government of India, 1915-1917; Adviser on Mechanical Transport Services in India, 1917-1919; member of Joint War Air Committee (Inter-Departmental Committee on the Air Service), 1916; India Office representative, Civil Aerial Transport Committee chaired by Alfred Charles William Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, 1917; President, Air Conference, Guildhall, London, 1920; died in 1929.
Born 1901; editor of Lilliput during World War One; worked for advertising companies Crawfords, J Walter Thompson and Graham & Gillies during the 1930s; Political Intelligence Department, Foreign Office, 1942-1944; Psychological Warfare Division, Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force, 1944-1945; worked for The Picture Post; died 1968.
Born in 1884; 2nd Lt, Royal Sussex Regt, 1905; served in Crete, 1906; Assistant Commissioner, Anglo-German Yola-Cross River Boundary Commission, 1907-1909; Lt, 1909; served with Special Service in Egypt, 1909-1911; attached to Rhodesia-Angola Boundary Commission, 1913-1915; Capt, 1915; attached to West African Frontier Force, 1915-1920; died, 1920.
2nd Lt, 1936; service with Royal Artillery, Territorial Army, 1936-1945; service with 59 (Home Counties)(Cinque Ports) Field Bde, Royal Artillery, Territorial Army, 1938; served at Headquarters, 61 (North Midland) Field Regt, Royal Artillery,Territorial Army, 1939; Lt and temporary Capt, 1939; Senior Bombardment Liaison Officer, No 2 Combined Operations Bombardment Unit, attached to 4 Bde, 1 Div Free French Army and 421 Field Artillery Group, US Army, serving in southern France and Italy,1944-1945.
Born Rotherham, Kent, 1908; serving as Boy on the HMS IMPREGNABLE, 1924; HMS AJAX, 1924-25; HMS CALYPSO, 1925-1927; Ordinary Seaman, 1926; Able Seaman, 1927; HMS PEMBROKE I, 1927-1928; invalided out 1929.
Born in 1894; educated at Cheam School, Surrey, and Royal Naval Colleges, Osbourne and Dartmouth; entered RN, 1907; Lt, 1916; Cdr, 1929; retired 1934; rejoined as Capt, 1939; Naval Liaison Officer to Resident Minister for West Africa, 1943-1944; Maintenance Capt, on staff of Flag Officer Commanding West Africa, 1944-1945; Officer Commanding, Anthorn Naval AirStation, 1945-1946; Naval Control of Shipping Officer, 1952; Staff Officer (Trade) to the Commander-in-Chief, Eastern Atlantic Area during NATO Exercise LIFELINE.
Born 1918; served in Australian Army; died 2000.
Born in 1891; worked in Colonial Administrative Service, Nigeria, 1914-1937; recalled for military service in Royal Regiment of Artillery, 1940; Lt Col, Mediterranean Expeditionary Force, 1941; Senior Political Officer, Ethiopia, 1941-1942; Assistant Adjutant General, General HQ, Mediterranean Expeditionary Force, 1942-1943; Chief of Staff, Region 5, Allied MilitaryGovernment, Italy, 1943-1944; Col 1944; Regional Commissioner, Allied Commission and Allied Military Government, Italy, and Joint Chairman, Allied Commission Coordinating Planning Committee for Occupation, North West Italy, 1944-1945.