Specialist in tropical medicine, serving with the RAMC in western and southern Africa in the early 1900s; author of a chapter on Malaria in The Practice of Medicine in the the Tropics edited by W Byam and R G Archibald, 1922 (London: Henry Frowde and Hodder and Stoughton) and Report on encephalitis lethargica: being an account of further enquiries into the epidemiology and clinical features of the disease, including an analysis of over 1,250 reports on cases notified in England and Wales during 1919 and 1920, together with a comprehensive bibliography of the subject with contributions by A Salusbury MacNalty and J R Perdrau, 1922 (London: HMSO).
The International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research (ISICR) is a non-profit organization of over 650 scientists devoted to research in the fields of interferon, cytokine and chemokine cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry and the clinical use of these biological response modifiers. Each year the ISICR sponsors an international meeting where scientists can present their latest findings to the world-wide scientific community.
Born, [1900]; educated, University College and University Hospital, 1928; retirement general practice in Exeter, 1931; served as a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Royal Army Medical Corps, 1939-1945; invented two devices, designed to make nursing easier: the Exeter Nursing Aid and the Exeter Commode; died, 1977.
Dr Walter was a radiotherapeutic consultant in Sheffield, author of A Short Textbook of Radiotherapy (1950) and Cancer and Radiotherapy (1971). Further details of his career can be found in Munk's Roll, vol VII, and his obituary in the British Medical Journal.
It has not been possible to discover any background details about the writer of this diary.
Educated Durham School and Trinity College Cambridge; George Henry Lewes Scholar in Physiology, 1904; Student then House Officer of UCH, 1906-1914; Graduated MD, 1908; MRCP Appointed to Staff of UCH, 1910; FRS, 1913; FRCP, 1915; War - joined Officers Training Corps and went to France as assistant to Sir John Bradford. Became consultant to BEF with rank of colonel. Research on morbid anatomy of gunshot wounds of thorax, 1914-1918; Twice mentioned in dispatches; returned to UCH as Consulting Physician and helped build up medical school, 1919; Member of Medical Research Council, 1939-1943; Member of Inter-departmental (Goodenough) Committee on Medical Schools, 1942; First Unit Director in University of London and first Professor of Medicine attached to the medical school at University College, Professor Emeritus of Medicine, University of London; Medical advisor to Beit memorial and Wellcome Trustees; Physiological papers mainly on the Journal of Physiology and Brain, medical papers on gunshot wounds of the chest; died, 1961.
Professor Robson lectured in pharmacology at Edinburgh, and in 1946 was appointed reader at Guy's Hospital Medical School. In 1950 he became Professor of Pharmacology at Guy's, where his research was primarily into endochrinology, reproductive physiology and pharmacology. With C A Keele and R S Stacey, he wrote Recent Advances in Pharmacology (1950).
Born London, 1907; Physician, Brompton Hospital 1939-1972; Physician, Hammersmith Hospital, Royal Postgraduate Medical School 1946-1972; Dean, Institute of Diseases of the Chest, London 1946-1960, Director of Studies 1950-1962, Professor of Medicine 1962-1972 (Emeritus); Editor, Thorax 1946-1959; Honorary Consultant in Diseases of the Chest to the Army 1953-1972; President, British Tuberculosis Association 1959-1961; President, Thoracic Society 1971-1972; died Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, 1999.
consultant physician at the British (now Royal) Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, 1935; physician to the Brompton Chest Hospital, 1939; served as Lieutenant-Colonel in charge of a medical division in Egypt, Second World War; founder member of a Medical Research Council Committee set up to study recently discovered drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis, 1946; first Dean and Director of Studies at the Institute of Diseases of the Chest at London University, 1947;
Professor of Medicine at London University;
This clinic was founded in 1928 by Dr Henry Warren Crowe (1875-1967) for the treatment of rheumatism and allied diseases. It was first established in Southwark and in 1932 a West End branch was opened but moved in 1939 to Weymouth Street in the West End. It operated partly as a free charitable clinic and partly as a fee-paying clinic (for those with incomes under £250 pa and a doctor's recommendation) and continued to do so after the setting up of the National Health Service. In 1936 the organisation was placed in the hands of a Charity Trust. A history of the Clinic can be found in the first issue of the journal it published, Rheumatism: A Journal Devoted to Clinical Aspects and Treatment, July 1938, pp 29-31.
It has proved hard to discover biographical details of Dr Warren Crowe: he qualified in medicine in 1901 and disappears from the Medical Directory after 1966. No obituary notice has been traced.
Born 1914; volunteered for the Royal Air Force Medical Service after qualifying as a doctor in 1940; wrote this personal account of his experience (as a doctor) of life in several working POW camps in Indonesia during the Second World War. It is based on notes he made as soon as possible afterwards and written sometime later when he had 'settled sufficiently to be reasonably dispassionate and could be level-headed about it'. He also states that he was careful to avoid hearsay, trusting only his observations and those of fellow prisoner Leslie J Audus, then a RAF 'Radiolocation' or Radar Officer, later Professor Emeritus of Botany, London University, whose help is acknowledged. Philps died in 1995.
Sir Ian McGregor is a general physician who has worked particularly in the fields of infections, nutrition, immunity, child health and community medicine in tropical environments.
Burkitt practised in Wimbeldon and combined this with his work as a consultant radiologist at Kingston, Nelson and Merton and Wimbeldon Hospitals.
It has not been possible to discover any biographical information about Dressel; one can assume on internal evidence that he was an employee of Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktiengesselschaft involved in research into new drugs.
The 'Malvern Hydro Case' or 'Malvern Drainage Case' 1907-1098, was over the issue of responsibility for polluted water. The plaintiff, Dr John Campbell Fergusson, the proprietor of a Hydropathic Establishment in Malvern claimed damages for the polluted water in his establishment (which had led to several cases of typhoid fever). The first case, Fergusson v. Starkey, in the High Court of Justice, Chancery Division (see GC/63/1), determined whether lesser or lessee was liable. In the trial at the High Court of Justice, King's Bench Division, Fergusson was awarded £7500 against the Council, but this was over-ruled on Appeal in May 1908, by the Supreme Court of Judicature, Court of Appeal. Fergusson appealed to the House of Lords in May 1909, but they upheld the judgement of the Court of Appeal.
Harkness was a medical student at Cardiff, and later at University College Hospital, mostly during the latter's evacuation to Leavesdon Hospital, Watford. He studied under many distinguished medical men including Lord Rosenheim, Sir Francis Walshe, Sir Harold Himsworth, Sir George Pickering, E K Martin, and Sir Thomas Lewis.
Alfred Herbert Tubby was an orthopaedic surgeon who worked at the Westminster, Royal National Orthopaedic and Evelina Hospitals. His work on Deformities became a standard text-book. He became FRCS in 1887.
During the First World War, he was seconded for service as consulting surgeon to the British Mediterranean Expeditionary Force with the rank of temporary colonel on the Army Medical Staff, and later to the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, serving much of the time at Alexandria. In 1920 he published A Consulting Surgeon in the Near East (London: Christophers, 1920), which described his service during the war.
See Plarr's Lives of the fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of England ["Plarr's lives"], Vol. II, pp. 438, 439.
Born 1916; qualified in medicine, 1942; regimental Medical Officer to the 2nd Battalion Coldstream Guards, 1942-1945; joined the British Medical Association as an Assistant Secretary, 1948; Under-Secretary BMA, 1960; Deputy Secretary BMA, 1964; Secretary, 1976-1979; Vice-President BMA, 1982; joint author of the second volume (1932-1981) of the official history of the BMA. Further details can be found in the obituaries in the British Medical Journal and the Lancet.
BBC Radio 3 broadcast on the origins of the NHS, 1982. The individuals interviewed included politicians, civil servants, doctors of varying political persuasions (some from the era when the NHS was introduced and some currently practising), social scientists and historians.
Hugh Mervyn Emrys-Roberts MRCS, LRCP, MRCGP (b.1915) was a general practitioner in Stratford upon Avon, 1948-1960.
Unknown
Jesse Robert Garrood MD, DPH (1874-1959), was a general practitioner in Alconbury Hill, Huntingdonshire, 1899-1958. He was Medical Officer of Health, Huntingdon Rural District, 1924-1958, and Public Vaccinator of Alconbury, Sawtry and The Giddings District.
George Washington was born in 1732 in Northern Virginia to a family of gentleman farmers. From 1754 to 1759 he fought in the military campaigns west of the Appalachians in the Seven Years War, resigning his commission on his marriage to Martha Custis (by which his estates, already extensive, were further increased). In 1758 he had become a member of the House of Burgesses for Virginia and served in this capacity for many years. In 1775, at the time of the American colonies' revolt against the English government, he was chosen by the Continental Convention to lead the revolutionary army. Following independence he retired to his estates, returning to public life to serve from 1787 to 1789 as President of the National Convention on the future form of government of the United States. As a result of this body's deliberations the office of President of the United States of America was created. Washington was elected the first holder of the office and held it for two terms, from 1789 to 1797, after which he retired once again. He died in 1799.
Dr Forrest Loveland, general practitioner, was born in 1885. He graduated from Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska in 1911, and was licensed to practise in 1912. In 1965 the American Medical Directory listed him as a general practitioner in Topeka, Kansas, with a secondary specialism in occupational medicine.
Colin Berry trained at Charing Cross Hospital Medical School from 1955 to 1959 and later specialised in Histopathology at the Hospital. He was awarded his MD in 1968. From 1964 he was Lecturer (later Senior Lecturer) at the Institute of Child Health, before being appointed Reader in Pathology at Guy's Hospital Medical School in 1970. In 1976 he was made Professor of Morbid Anatomy at the London Hospital Medical College, a chair he occupied till retirement in 2002. He was knighted in 1993.
Peter Martyr of Anghiera (in Italian, Pietro Martire D'anghiera; in Spanish Pedro Mártir De Anghiera, Latin, Petrus Martyr Anglerius or ab Angleria) was an Italian-born historian of Spain, particularly of its discoveries during the Age of Exploration. Born, 1457; gave the first accounts of Spanish expeditions in Central and South America in letters and reports that were published, in Latin, during 1511-1530, grouped into sets of ten chapters called 'Decades'; his De Orbe Novo (published posthumously in 1530) describes the first contacts of Europeans and native Americans. Opus epistolarum, also published posthumously in 1530, is a collection of letters to or from ecclesiastical dignitaries, generals, and statesmen of Spain and Italy, dealing with contemporary events and particularly with the history of Spain during the years of exploration. Died, 1526.
James Murie obtained his M.D. at Glasgow University in 1857; later he was Medical Officer in the Expedition to support Speke and Grant in 1862 and visited the source of the Nile at Lake Victoria, Nyanza. He was later lecturer in anatomy at the Middlesex Hospital. He retired to Leigh-on-Sea, where he became interested in Fisheries.
Nathaniel Rogers was M.D. at Edinburgh in 1832.
Jean Astruc occupied one of the chairs of Medicine at Montpellier from 1722 to 1728.
For an account of Bacstrom, cf. Waite Brotherhood of the Rosy Cross, 1924, pp. 549-560.
Born, 1629; physician in Montpellier, France; died, 1699.
Born, 1827; member of the staff of the Collège de France as assistant to A.J. Balard, 1851; Professor of Organic Chemistry at the École Supérieure de Pharmacie, 1859; chair of organic chemistry, Collège de France, 1865; member of the Academy of Medicine, 1863; entered the Academy of Sciences, 1873; Perpetual Secretary of the Academy of Sciences, 1889; Inspector General of Higher Education, 1876; elected Life Senator, 1881; Minister of Public Instruction, 1886-1887; portfolio for foreign affairs, 1895-1896; died, 1907.
Thomas Herbert Bickerton (1858-1933), was a distinguished ophthamologist. He also wrote a Medical history of Liverpool from the earliest days to the year 1920 published by his son in 1936. Ophthalmic Surgeon, Liverpool Royal Infirmary, 1886-1919; President of the Liverpool Royal Infirmary, 1923; elected FRCS in 1926.
Unknown
Jean Bodin was a French jurist and political philosopher, member of the Parlement of Paris and Professor of Law in Toulouse.
The author was an eminent physiologist: he qualified MD at Berlin in 1842, and became Professor of Physiology at Vienna University in 1849. He was later (1879) raised to the nobility both of Austria-Hungary and of Prussia.
Unknown
Hugh Charles Herbert Candy (1850-1935) was consulting analyst to the London Hospital.
Very little information has been found concerning the compiler of this material. He was born at Saint Symphorien le Château en Lyonnais on December 26, 1769 at 8.15 a.m. [Cf. Horoscope in MS. 1566], and his father seems to have been Pierre Chaussegros [1735-1792], born in the same place, and killed at Speyer, probably in 1792, when that city was captured by the French Revolutionary army. [Ibid]. Vital was imprisoned in 1795 by the Committee of Public Safety [cf. MS. 1582]. Chaussegros seems to have been an ardent student of occultism and in his later works used a very strange form of semi-phonetic spelling. Albert Poisson, in the third volume of his 'Bibliothèque Hermétique [MS. No. 3936] on fol. 45, speaks of him as 'fou ou fourbe'. (68449)
Paul Cohade lectured on philosophy at the Sorbonne, Paris, in the late seventeenth century.
By the same anonymous author, and written by the same hand as MSS. 4154, 4155 [Recueil].
John Dixon Comrie was born in 1875 and trained as a physician. He pursued a career as a physician and medical historian. In 1908 he became responsible for teaching Medical History at Edinburgh University, while from 1927 to his death in 1939 he was Physician to the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary.
Born in Montbéliard, in Burgundy, 1769; Went to Caroline University, near Stuttgart, Germany, to study administrative, juridical, and economic sciences, 1784. Also studied natural history and comparative anatomy. Education complete, he served as a tutor for a French family in 1788; Moved to Paris in 1795 where he was invited by French naturalist Etienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire to study and work at the newly reorganized Museum of Natural History. Immediately appointed Professor of Zoology and Assistant Professor of Animal Anatomy. Became Professor at the Collège de France in 1800; Broke with doctrine that all life could be organized into a continuous series beginning with the simplest organism and ending with humans in favour of the idea that four basic body plans existed in the animal world: the Vertebrata, Articulata, Radiata, and Mollusca; his 1817 Le Regne Animal dominated natural history in England and France until the publication in 1859 of On the Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin. Also served in other public service positions: Councillor of State in 1814 and Head of the Interior Department of the Council of State, 1819.
Edgar Ferdinand Cyriax was born in 1874 and was originally Swedish. He was the son-in-law of [Jonas] Henrik Kellgren, who was an important figure in the late-nineteenth century spread of Swedish remedial gymnastics and massage to other parts of Europe. Like Kellgren, Cyriax based himself in London, where in addition to practising he studied the bibliography and history of manipulative treatment. He lectured in physiology at the Central Institute for Swedish Gymnastics, London. At his death in 1955 he left a large collection of books, pamphlets and papers on the subject.
Pierre Joseph Desault was surgeon in chief at the l'Hôtel-Dieu, Paris. He afterwards practised at Caen.
The Ebers Papyrus was named after its owner, Georg Moritz Ebers (1837-1898) and comprises an ancient Egyptian text on medicine. A translation from ancient Egyptian into German was published by Dr. Heinrich Joachim in 1890. These papers comprise a translation of Joachim's work into English by Dr. Arthur F. Hopkirk.