The naval school of navigation, HMS Dryad, was founded in 1903. It was based at Portsmouth until 1941 when it moved to Southwick near Fareham in Hampshire. In 1974 it became the School of Maritime Operations, though retaining the name of Dryad. See B B Schofield, The Story of HMS Dryad (Havant, Hampshire,1977).
HMS DAUNTLESS, a naval shore establishment at Burghfield in Berkshire, has been used by the Women's Royal Naval Service since 1946 as a training and drafting centre.
The origins of HM Young Offender Institute, Feltham can be traced back to 1854 when the erection of a reformatory school was first proposed by the Justices of the County of Middlesex. After the passing of the Industrial Schools Act of 1857, magistrates were empowered to sentence children aged between 7 and 14 to industrial schools. The Middlesex Industrial School, Feltham was built within the parish of Bedfont and opened on 1 January 1859. The school passed into the control of the London County Council in April 1889 and eventually closed in August 1909.
The premises then came under the control of the Prison Commissioners. Feltham Borstal Institution opened on 7 October 1910 when 23 boys were transferred from Borstal Institution at Borstal, Kent.
Feltham operated based on the Borstal model. Boys from the age of 16 to 21 who were taken into custody were either sent to Borstal training for 3 years, or to Boys' prison, where sentences were for a lesser period. Those who demonstrated criminal tendencies and in need of reform were sent to Borstal training. Training included instruction in trades, education, physical fitness and work. Good conduct could secure an early release on licence.
In September 1939, Feltham absorbed prisoners from the Boys' Prison at Wormwood Scrubs. This included boys awaiting trial, boy prisoners and those awaiting allocation to Borstal. In 1942, the remand centre moved back to Wormwood Scrubs but the Borstal Reception Centre and the Boys' prison remained at Feltham. In early 1945, the reception centre also went back to Wormwood Scrubs. By April 1946, the Boys' Prison at Feltham ceased to exist and Feltham reverted to being solely a Borstal.
In the early 1970s it was recognised that the buildings were inadequate and designs for a new institute were made incorporating a new remand centre to replace nearby Ashford. The new Feltham was opened in August 1983, although the merger was delayed. HM Young Offender Institution and Remand Centre Feltham was formed by the amalgamation of Ashford Remand Centre and Feltham Borstal in 1991.
Wormwood Scrubs prison was designed in 1870s by Major-General Edmund Du Cane, chairman of the Directors of Convict Prisons, as a national long-term penitentiary, built on a site in East Acton with convict labour. By the time the prison was completed, its entire purpose had, however, changed, and it became a local prison for short-term petty offenders. Today Wormwood Scrubbs provides lower security accommodation for remand and short-term prisoners.
From 1904, the prison also became part of the Borstal system for young offenders, and in 1929 it was made an allocation centre from which newly-sentenced trainees were assessed before being sent to a suitable Borstal. In addition Wormwood Scrubbs came to specialise in holding first time offenders, or 'star' prisoners as they were known. It has more recently become a prison in which life-sentence prisoners are assessed in the early years of their terms.
During the Second World War, part of the prison was evacuated for the use of MI5 and the War Department, and by the end of the war, a section of the hospital wing was being used as condemned quarters for prisoners from Wandsworth and Pentonville prisons.
The multiracial Liberal Party of South Africa was founded in 1954, and was forced to disband under the Prohibition of Political Interference Act of 1968.
The Park Fever Hospital, at Hither Green, South East London, opened 1897. Its name was changed in 1957 to Hither Green Hospital. The hospital closed in 1997.
Student nurses at Hither Green Hospital appear to have worked at St John's Hospital, Lewisham, as well as at Hither Green during their training.
The Park Hospital, Hither Green, was opened as a fever hospital on 8 November 1897 by the Metropolitan Asylums Board. It was one of five new fever hospitals built by the Metropolitan Asylums Board in the 1890's in response to the rapidly growing numbers of patients seeking admission to its fever hospitals which had now been disconnected from the poor law and where treatment was provided free of charge. In 1930 on the abolition of the Metropolitan Asylums Board all its hospitals and other responsibilities were taken over by the London County Council, who continued to run Park Hospital as a fever hospital with, in 1939, an authorised bed complement of 632. In 1948 Park Hospital became part of the National Health Service under the control of the Lewisham Group Hospital Management Committee of the South East Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board. Its name was changed to Hither Green Hospital in 1957.
In September 1953 the hospital was visited by King Edward's Hospital Fund for London, who prepared a brief report on the hospital (ref.: A/KE/735/36) which by now had been reduced in size to 500 beds. The King's Fund Visitors described it as "a fever hospital which is now used to a limited extent for medical and skin cases. It also has a ward for tonsil and adenoid operations. All the patients, except the latter, came through Emergency Bed Service. There is no waiting list. The wards are the usual airy, if rather bleak, fever hospital wards. They have a number of poliomyelitis cases in the hospital and are endeavouring to build up a poliomyelitis unit. They treat the patients from the acute stage right through to their rehabilitation for which purpose an orthopaedic surgeon and a physiotherapist attend the hospital".
On the reorganisation of the NHS in 1974, Hither Green Hospital, by now described as an acute hospital, became part of the Lewisham District of the Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham Area Health Authority (Teaching). On the abolition of area health authorities in 1982 it became the responsibility of Lambeth and North Southwark Health Authority.
By September 1992 the hospital had come under the control of Guy's NHS Trust. Only part of the hospital was still in use, for elderly patients and psychiatric cases.
The Hitchin, Stevenage and District Women's Suffrage Society (1909-1918) was originally established as the North Herts Women's Suffrage Association in 1909 with Lord Lytton as its president and with Lady Constance Lytton and Lady Betty Balfour as members. By 1911 the organisation had expanded to such an extent that it was necessary to split it into two separate bodies: the Hitchin, Stevenage and District Women's Suffrage Society and the Letchworth and District Women's Suffrage Society. Both were affiliated to the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies. This remained the situation until 1918 when the HSDWSS became a Women's Citizenship Association.
John Wilkes was born in Clerkenwell in 1725. He was educated at the University of Leiden from 1744, where he developed life-long habits of vice and profligacy. In 1747 he returned to England to enter into an arranged marriage. The dowry was the manor of Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire. In London Wilkes was admitted to several clubs and moved in intellectual circles, while in Aylesbury he participated in local administration as a magistrate. In 1757 he stood for the Aylesbury Parliamentary seat in an uncontested by-election. In 1761 he again won the seat by bribing the voters. Wilkes began to write anonymous political pamphlets and in 1762 he established a political weekly, the North Briton which was highly critical of the Prime Minister Lord Bute and his successor, George Greville. In November 1763 the North Briton was declared to be seditious libel, leaving Wilkes exposed to punitive legal action. At the same time he was badly injured in a pistol duel with another MP. Wilkes fled to Paris to escape legal proceedings and was expelled from Parliament.
In January 1764 Wilkes was convicted for publishing the North Briton. He was summoned to appear at the court of the king's bench and when he failed to appear was outlawed. Wilkes therefore stayed abroad for four years as returning to England would mean imprisonment. In Paris he moved in intellectual circles and was praised as a champion of freedom, however, he was accruing serious debts. Between 1766 and 1767 he made brief return visits to London, hoping to be pardoned. In 1768 he returned permanently, living under a false name. He announced that he would attend the king's bench when the court next met, and declared his intention to run for Parliament. He contested for the Middlesex seat and ran a superbly organised campaign backed by popular enthusiasm, winning the seat in March by 1292 votes to 827.
Wilkes was immediately expelled from Parliament as it was assumed he would be imprisoned when he attended court in April. The decision was reversed as it was feared that Wilkes' supporters would riot. In June Wilkes was sentenced to two years imprisonment in the King's Bench Prison. On 3 February 1769 he was again expelled from Parliament, only to be re-elected on 16 February in a by-election. He was expelled again but again re-elected in March, only to be expelled. At the April by-election Parliament produced a rival candidate who was soundly defeated, but nevertheless was awarded the Parliamentary seat. The resulting controversy forced the Prime Minister to resign.
Released in 1770 Wilkes stood for election as alderman for the Ward of Farringdon Without in the City of London. In 1771 he was elected Sheriff and in 1774 Lord Mayor. In the same year he was again elected to the Parliamentary seat for Middlesex. He held this seat until 1790. In 1779 he became the City of London Chamberlain and after leaving Parliament concentrated on this post until his death in 1797.
Hitahadut Olej Germania was founded at the beginning of 1932 with the objective of providing advice and support to would-be emigrés from Germany to Palestine. The character of the organisation changed with the huge increase of emigrants during the great 'Alijah' [1933] after which it became more involved with issues around settlement, and the economic and cultural life of the new immigrants.
The mother organisation, Mifleget ha-Avodah ha-Ziyyonit, was the Socialist Zionist party formed in 1920 by the union of Palestine Workers' Party, Ha-Po'el ha-Za'ir, with a majority of the Ze'irei Zion groups in the Diaspora. The latter groups had been formed in Russia at the beginning of the 20th Century by young Zionists who espoused the views of Ha-Po'el ha-Za'ir and intended to join the party upon their settlement in Erez Israel. The programme of Ze'irei Zion, announced at its second congress in Petrograd, in 1917, postulated the necessity to establish a Jewish labour commonwealth in the land of Israel and redirect the Jewish masses in the Diaspora to productive occupations.
Launched in 1976 by historian Raphael Samuel and others involved in the History Workshop movement – which focused on 'history from below' or the social history of everyday life, the History Workshop Journal is published by Oxford University Press. The Journal publishes a wide variety of reports, reviews and essays on subjects including local history, economics and geopolitics.
Launched in 1976, the History Workshop Journal is a leading historical journal that engages with contemporary debate on radical politics.
The History of Education Society was founded in 1967, 'to further the study of the history of education by providing opportunities for discussion among those engaged in its study and teaching'. The Society sponsors the publication of two peer-reviewed journals: History of Education and History of Education Researcher.
The History of Anaesthesia Society was founded in 1986. Its purpose is to promote the study of the history of anaesthesia and related disciplines and to provide a forum for discussion. It holds meetings in the summer and autumn and sometimes meetings with other organisations. It publishes its Proceedings and other works on the history of anaesthesia, and funds conservation projects such as the restoration of graves of eminent anaesthetists. For further information see its website: http://www.histansoc.org.uk
The Korean War suggested to US Army senior personnel the need to gather systematically information on the activities of major American military units. The value of historical accounts had been demonstrated during World War Two, when US Army historians followed the progress of American soldiers by conducting extensive interviews and compiling records of combat actions. While conducting interviews and collecting related materials for historical purposes, US Army investigators during World War Two also compiled combat information in After-Action Reports designed for immediate war-time use. When the Korean War began, the Assistant Chiefs of Staff, US Department of the Army, were responsible for recording and transmitting 'lessons learned' within respective spheres, while the US Army Historical Detachments were allowed to create a detailed record that could be used after the conflict to write official histories. Eventually eight US Army Historical Detachments were organised and committed to Korean between 15 Feb and 22 Jul 1951. Early operations of the Historical Detachments lacked centralised planning, however. Originally, a central organisation was improvised by activating US 8 Army Historical Service Detachment (Provisional). Personnel for this unit were drawn from other detachments in Korea, while the historical officers who conducted the interviews were drawn from the Reserves. The Provisional Detachment was eventually superceded by the first US Army Historical Detachment Headquarters. Despite the suddenness of the Korean conflict and the and the logistical problems caused by the rapidly changing military situation, the Historical Detachments were able to reconstruct many major battlefield operations through interviews, supplemented with recourse to conventional documentary sources.
Born 1907; educated at Highgate School, St Edmund Hall, Oxford (MA), Berlin University (DPhil 1935). Assistant Master Trinity College School, Port Hope, Ontario, Canada, 1929-1932, Bradfield College, 1936-1939, Marlborough College1939-1940. Joined Royal Marines, 1940, served in Mediterranean and Far East, rising to Lt Col; seconded to Army as Military Governor of Dannenberg, Germany, 1945; British Council Representative in Austria, 1946-1949, Southern India 1949-1950; Prof of Political Science and International Relations, University of Manitoba, Canada, 1950-64; member United Nations Sub-Committee for Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, 1953-62; Prof of International Relations University of Sussex, 1964-72, died 1998. Publications: The Rebirth of Austria, (OUP, London, 1953); Democracy in Western Germany (OUP, London, 1957); Poland: Bridge for the Abyss (OUP, London, 1963); Germany Revived (Gollancz, London, 1966); The Security Council: a study in Adolescence (Longman, London, 1973)
No additional information was available at time of compilation.
Baruch Hirson was born at Doornfontein near Johannesburg, South Africa on 10 December 1921, the son of a Jewish electrician. Between 1944 and 1946 he worked as the political organiser for the Workers' International League, and subsequently he combined his politics with an academic career as a physicist at the University of the Witwatersrand. Towards the end of the 1950s he joined the Congress of Democrats, the white arm of the African National Congress-led congress alliance. Highly critical of its leadership and policies, with other disaffected left-wing congress activists Hirson formed the Socialist League of Africa just before the Sharpeville massacre in 1960, and later the National Committee for Liberation/African Resistance Movement (ARM). The ARM was broken in 1964, and Hirson and other leading activists arrested and imprisoned for nine years. After his release he moved to Britain, he taught physics at Bradford and Middlesex Universities, and devoted much of his time to history and the publication of Searchlight South Africa (1988-1995), a left-wing analysis of South African politics. He wrote several books or aspects of South African history and an autobiography, Revolutions in my Life (1995). He died in London on 3 October 1999.
Jonni Hirsch was a Jewish 'Mischling', a term used during the Third Reich for a person deemed to have partial Jewish ancestry. He and certain members on the Jewish side family were from Kiel. These papers are evidence of the way in which the lives of Jews in a German city became ever more difficult as a consequence of growing antisemitism. The Hirsch family was an old established Jewish family emanating from Denmark. Jonni Hirsch's grandfather, Wolf Hirsch, was president of the local Jewish community and instrumental in the building of a Kiel synagogue. Jonni Hirsch was imprisoned on 12 November 1938, 2 days after Kristallnacht, and described as a Jew. Little is know about the family after 1938, however in 1957 Jonni Hirsch lived in Kiel and it is believed that his earlier home in Fischerstr was bombed during the war.
No biographical information has been found for Charles Hird.
Born 1878; Scholar in Theology, Lambeth, London; Tutor to Women in the Department of Theology, King's College London, 1919-1938; part-time lecturer, King's College London, 1938-1939; died 1968.
Publications: The old testament chronologically arranged (Humphrey Milford, London, [1926]); The temple and the doctrine of holiness (A. R. Mowbray and Co, London and Oxford, 1915); Women's work for the Church (London, 1939).
Townships formed the smallest unit of government. In many parts of England parishes formed a single township, but in districts where parishes were large e.g. the Pennines, they were subdivided into townships. In the 16th century townships or civil parishes were given responsibility for the poor and the highways. They were also units of taxation. Townships survived until the creation of Urban and Rural District Councils in the late 19th century.
Born in 1826, Alfred James Hipkins initially worked as a piano tuner for J Broadwood and Sons, piano makers. He went on to write a series of works relating to musical instruments, musicology and composers, some in collaboration with his daughter Edith. His publications included Canter lectures on musical instruments, their construction and capabilities (London, 1891); A comparison of various tuning forks by means of a monochord (London, 1869); A description of the history of the pianoforte and of the older keyboard stringed instruments (London, 1896); Dorian and Phyrgian reconsidered from a non-harmonic point of view (London, 1902); How Chopin played (J M Dent and Sons, London); and Musical instruments: historic, rare and unique (A & C Black, Edinburgh, 1888).
Born 25th August 1865, at Carlton near Selby, Yorkshire. Son of a local carpenter and an Irish mother. His Parish Priest, who assisted at Carlton Towers, a nearby residence of the Norfolk Family, sponsored his education and at the age of 11 he set off for Ushaw. Whilst a student there he secured his BA degree from London University. He then came to the Venerable English College as a student to take further degrees and was ordained in 1893, aged 28. He then returned to Ushaw to teach there for 4 years, but in 1900 he founded a Laity-sponsored School, St. Bede's Grammar School, in Bradford and became its first Headmaster. The school prospered but led to differences between Hinsley and his Bishop. Consequently Hinsley moved to Southwark Diocese. After 13 years combining parish work with lecturing at Wonersh, he was made Rector of the VEC and worked in Rome, 1917-1928. He bought Palazzola and had its swimming pool built. Created Bishop of Sardis, 1927 and sent as Apostolic Visitor to Africa where after 7 years, ill-health caused him to retire. He became a Canon of St Peter's and there expected to end his days. To the surprise of many he was called out of retirement on the death of Cardinal Bourne to become the fifth Archbishop of Westminster on 25th March 1935. He was created Cardinal Priest of Santa Susanna on 16 December 1937. He denounced the Hitler Regime, founded the Sword of the Spirit as an ecumenical venture to rally the churches against totalitarianism and became famous in all homes for his wartime radio chats and stirring encouragement when Britain stood alone. He died on 17 March 1943, at the age of 78.
Hinshelwood was born in London and educated at Westminster City School. He won a Brackenbury Scholarship to Balliol College, Oxford, but was unable to take it up immediately because of the First World War and from 1916 to 1918 he worked at the Department of Explosives, Queensferry Road Ordnance Factory. In 1919 he went to Balliol to do the foreshortened postwar honours course in chemistry and he made his career in Oxford until his retirement in 1964. He was Fellow of Balliol, 1920-1921, Fellow and Tutor of Trinity College, 1921-1937, and Dr Lee's Professor of Chemistry and Fellow of Exeter College, 1937-1964, in succession to F. Soddy. He was Senior Research Fellow at Imperial College, London, from 1964 until his death. Hinshelwood's scientific research was in chemical kinetics, and bacterial growth. He was President of the Chemical Society, 1946-1948, at the time of its centenary celebrations and President of the Royal Society, 1955-1960, his tenure including the Tercentenary Year. In addition to his wide participation in scientific life, he was a linguist with extensive interests in the arts, and in 1959 had the unique distinction of being at the same time President of the Royal Society and the Classical Association. Hinshelwood was elected FRS in 1929 (Bakerian Lecture 1946, Davy Medal 1942, Royal Medal 1947, Leverhulme Medal 1960, Copley Medal 1962) and in 1956 he shared with N.N. Semenov the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their researches into the mechanisms of chemical reactions. He was knighted in 1948 and appointed to the Order of Merit in 1960.
Born, 1873; educated at Whitgift Grammar School, Croydon, 1882-1892; Trinity College, Cambridge, 1892-1895; second assistant at the Cambridge observatory under Sir Robert Ball and demonstrator in practical astronomy, 1895; chief assistant, 1903-1913; studied the surveying methods taught at the School of Military Engineering at Chatham, 1903; appointment as Lecturer in Surveying and Cartography in the Cambridge School of Geography, 1908; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1911-1945; gold medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1912; FRS, 1913; Secretary of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1909-1912 and a Vice-President from 1912-1913; Assistant Secretary of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1912-1915; RGS Secretary and editor of the Geographical Journal, 1915-1945; geographical and map preparation work for the General Staff, First World War; President of geography section of the British Association, 1925; RGS Victoria medal, 1938; died, 1945.
Hingley was the Librarian for the Royal Astronomical Society and has published numerous articles on his field of study.
Hinde went to sea in July 1829 in the ATHOLL, Capt Alexander Gordon, possibly a friend of the family, seeing service on the West Coast of Africa. In 1831, while Midshipman in the DRYAD, Capt John Hayes, he was officially reported for the conduct he displayed in her tender, the BLACK JOKE, at the capture by boarding of a slave vessel of superior force. In December 1831 he moved from the BLACK JOKE into the FAIR ROSAMOND until July 1832 when he returned home in the DRYAD. In the two tenders he saw a good deal of action which he describes in his letters. Between 1833 and 1836 Hinde served aboard the SERPENT in the West Indies. The ship was not a happy one but apparently one of the more efficient sloops on the station. She cruised unsuccessfully for slavers, carried troops to various places in cases of insurrections by freed slaves and went to Para to watch British interests. Hinde was promoted Lieutenant in 1844, Commander in 1857 but never served at that rank. He retired in 1867 and died in 1869.
Ian Hinchliffe (1942-2010) was born in 1942 in Huddersfield, and many of his early influences of music hall, vaudeville and jazz originate from this time.
Following a move to London, Hinchliffe enjoyed his most productive years in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1971, Hinchliffe founded the Matchbox Purveyors, a performance group based at Oval House, whose first show took the form of Hinchliffe and Mark Long (of the People’s Show) selling boxes of matches. Jude Morris joined the same year, and left in 1975, and this set the stage for a combination of solo performances and a sequence of guest performers collaborating with Hinchliffe under the Matchbox Purveyors name, including Dave Stephens, Laura Gilbert and Derek Wilson (Jail Warehouse Co), Lol Coxhill, Rob Con, Diz Willis, Rose Maguire, Jeff Nuttall, Chris and Tim Britton, Phil Minton, Emil Wok, and Alan Porter. His performance work took place in a variety of locations, including art galleries, clubs, pubs, festivals and the street. Hinchliffe also undertook film work, acting in ‘Walter’ (1982), ‘Stormy Monday’ (1988), and ‘Diary of a Sane Man’ (1989).
Hinchliffe's later career, from the 1990s onwards, represented a distinct phase in his creative output, with a focus on durational performance via projects such as Woodwork and Gargantua. The culmination of this approach came in the form of the 4 week exhibition at Beaconsfield, 'Estate - the Ian Hinchliffe Retrospective' (1998), with an installation that developed through daily performances during gallery hours. Regular collaborators during this time included Tony Green, Hugh Metcalfe and David Crawforth. The venues most commonly frequented in this period were The Water Rats, Nosepaint and Beaconsfield.
Alongside his performance work, Hinchliffe was also a visual artist, whose sculptures, paintings and collages form part of his artistic output. Further contributions came in the form of his writing, with Hinchliffe's columns 'HINCHLIFFE LASHES OUT' appearing in Performance Magazine.
Reichsführer SS was a special SS rank that existed between the years of 1925 and 1945. Reichsführer SS was a title from 1925 to 1933 and, after 1934, became the highest rank of the German Schutzstaffel (SS). Reichsführer SS was both a title and a rank. The title of Reichsführer was first created in 1926 by Joseph Berchtold. Berchtold's predecessor, Julius Schreck, never referred to himself as Reichsführer but the title was retroactively applied to him in later years.
In 1929, Heinrich Himmler became Reichsführer-SS and referred to himself by his title instead of his regular SS rank. This set the precedent for the Commanding General of the SS to be called Reichsführer-SS. In 1934, Himmler's title became an actual rank after the Night of the Long Knives and from that point on, Reichsführer-SS became the highest rank of the SS and was considered the equivalent of a Generalfeldmarschall in the German Army.
John Robert Hilton: born 1908; educated at Marlborough College, Corpus Christi College Oxford (MA), and Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London (Diploma, ARIBA); Director of Antiquities, Cyprus, 1934-1936; architect to E.S. and A. Robinson, and in private practice, 1936-1941; Capt, Royal Engineers, 1941-1943; joined Foreign Office 1943; served in Istanbul Turkey, 1944; 2nd Secretary, Athens, Greece, 1945; 1st Secretary, Istanbul, 1956; awarded CMG 1965; Member of Council, National Schizophrenia Fellowship, 1977-81, 1983-94 (President, 1985-91); died 1994
Publications: Mind and Analysis, memoir on Louis MacNeice (as appendix to his MacNeice's autobiography, The Strings are False), 1965; articles in Architectural Review and other journals
The 'Malvern Hydro Case' or 'Malvern Drainage Case' 1907-1098, was over the issue of responsibility for polluted water. The plaintiff, Dr John Campbell Fergusson, the proprietor of a Hydropathic Establishment in Malvern claimed damages for the polluted water in his establishment (which had led to several cases of typhoid fever). The first case, Fergusson v. Starkey, in the High Court of Justice, Chancery Division (see GC/63/1), determined whether lesser or lessee was liable. In the trial at the High Court of Justice, King's Bench Division, Fergusson was awarded £7500 against the Council, but this was over-ruled on Appeal in May 1908, by the Supreme Court of Judicature, Court of Appeal. Fergusson appealed to the House of Lords in May 1909, but they upheld the judgement of the Court of Appeal.
The Uxbridge workhouse was first constructed in 1744. It was taken over by the Middlesex County Council in 1930 and redeveloped as Hillingdon County Hospital and Infirmary.
On the creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948 the administration of the Hospital passed to the North West Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board and the Uxbridge Group Regional Hospital Board. The Hospital was significantly reconstructed in 1963.
Source of information: Peter Higginbotham at The Workhouse Website.
The date of the origin of the firm is uncertain, but the firm can be traced back to Edward Thomas Jones (1767-1833), author of English System of Book-Keeping (1796). Edward Thomas began his career in accountancy in Bristol, but moved to London in 1821, living first in Poultry and later in Coleman Street. His business was continued by his nephew, Theodore Brooke Jones, in 1846, and Arthur James Hill in 1867.
Soon afterwards Theodore Brooke Jones moved to Harrogate and opened offices in Leeds and Manchester. In 1878 the business was divided into three distinct firms: the Manchester firm became known as Jones Crewdson & Company, the Leeds firm was called Theodore B Jones and Company, and the London firm became Theodore Jones, Hill and Company. In the same year, William Edward Vellacott, who had been articled to the London firm in 1869, was admitted to the partnership. The name of the London firm was changed to Theodore Jones, Hill, Vellacott and Company in 1884, and in 1888, when Jones withdrew from the practice, to Arthur J Hill, Vellacott and Company.
The location of the firm's office in London changed frequently; the longest period of time was spent at Finsbury Circus House (1871-1914). In 1941 the firm's offices were damaged by floods following bomb damage and many of the company's early records were destroyed. Offices were also opened in Belfast, Cambridge, Northampton, Croydon and Leicester.
From 1927 the firm was known as Hill, Vellacott & Company (Hill, Vellacott from 1967, and Hill Vellacott from 1975). The company underwent various mergers from 1923, including one in 1984 with Chantry Wood King, and the company's name was changed to Chantrey Vellacott in 1988.
The business of the Jones family and of Arthur Hill was involved in the co-operative and building society movements, and their clients included the Longton and Fenton Permanent Benefit Building Society.
Rowland Hill was consulting neurologist and physician to the West End Hospital for Nervous Diseases, London. During the 1939-1945 war he was a medical specialist in the Royal Army Medical Corps serving in Africa. He attained the rank of Major, relinquishing his commission in 1942 and subsequently was deputy regional adviser in medicine in the Emergency Medical Service (EMS). He played an active role in the medico-political discussions concerning the National Health Service and was elected Vice-President of the BMA in 1966 in recognition of his services.
Sir Arthur William Hill was born on the 11 Oct 1875, the only son of Daniel Hill. Daniel Hill was a keen amateur horticulturalist and inspired his son from an early age to learn sound practical knowledge about gardening.
Hill attended Marlborough School from 1890 until 1894. It was at school that Hill began to take an active interest in field botany, inspired by his teacher [who was an amateur naturalist] Edward Meyrick. Hill later talked of the Marlborough Downs as the place where he first found orchids to examine. Hill showed his appreciation to the College by bequeathing them money.
From Marlborough School Hill continued his education at Kings College Cambridge in October 1894 on an award. His success in gaining the award was due to an appeal from Marlborough School based on his botanical knowledge, enthusiasm and promise. At Cambridge Hill studied Natural Sciences, for which he obtained a 1st in 1897. Hill continued to study at Cambridge but specialised in Botany and received a 1st in 1898. At this time the Chair of Botany was Henry Marshall Ward who had a great influence on Hill; Ward introduced him to Walter Gardiner [Cambridge lecturer until 1898]. Gardiner invited Hill to collaborate with him on research on plant histology for the Royal Society. This led to Hill being offered a post at Cambridge University as a Demonstrator in Botany in 1899. Hill was successful in his post and was awarded a fellowship in 1901, a lectureship in 1904 and the position of Dean of Kings College in 1907. As a lecturer he contributed much through his travels as he would return to Cambridge and describe the flora and fauna he had observed in its natural ecosystem. He helped to modernise the Botany School through his use of field trips, which took students out of the classroom to the plants in their natural environment. This achievement was acknowledged by Kings College in 1932 when he was granted an honorary fellowship.
In 1907 Hill left Cambridge to become the Assistant Director of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew to the then Director Sir David Prain. Prain wrote that he chose Hill because of his travelling experiences [especially Hill's trip to the Andes which Hill financed himself], his businesslike mind and ability to work at any level. One of Hill's prime duties as Assistant Director was to attend meetings and trips to Imperial countries at the government's behest. Hill was very interested in the spread of knowledge and relished these trips, where he could gather specimens and in return offer advice to the host nations. Thus, under him the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew developed its worldwide network of associates. He was also concerned that the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew should develop its research side and improve in everyway possible.
In 1922 Prain retired leaving Hill to take over the Directorship of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Hill took full advantage of the opportunities offered to the Gardens by the British Empire and he successfully campaigned for the government to view Kew as a national asset that could be used to improve colonial relationships. Hill was concerned that the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew should continue and extend its economic links within the Empire. For example, he created a greenhouse in which bananas on route to Jamaica could be quarantined in. Hill's commitment to commercial activities of this nature led the government to ask the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1931 to officially disseminate information on economic plants and their sources around the Empire. This led to the first inventory of plants in the British Empire. Hill was also much concerned with the Gardens on a domestic scale and under his guidance the number of plants that were exhibited was increased. He was a keen amateur landscape gardener and had a tremendous knowledge of plants which he used to enrich the Gardens as a visitor attraction. He was especially keen to see plants growing in as natural and beautiful a setting as possible and so changes were made to planting methods. Hill toured the gardens every morning and would order any changes he felt necessary to enhance artistic effect. Major alterations included: a new vista to the lake, the extension of the rock garden and the improvement of the avenue from the lake to the pagoda. In addition to this, Hill constructed the Sherman Hoyt Cactus House in 1935. Perhaps most significantly though, was Hill's extension in 1930 of the Herbarium so that scientific study could be extended into new areas.
Much of Hill's horticultural and botanical knowledge was informed by his travels abroad. On his travels Hill would collect material for study. Thus, he obtained grants from the Empire Marketing Board from 1927 onwards that allowed him to travel more than any other Director before him.
Sir Arthur William Hill died in the Deer Park in Richmond the 3 Nov 1941. His death is recorded by a number of obituaries all of which lament the passing of Britain's most accomplished botanist.
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Octavia Hill was born in Cambridgeshire in 1838, and was educated at home. She moved to London and became concerned with the condition of the urban poor and campaigned for housing reform and a more pleasant living environment, including the provision of open spaces. She was heavily involved in the Kyrle Society, founded by her elder sister Miranda, to 'Bring Beauty Home to the Poor'. Octavia Hill joined the Royal Commission for the Poor Law in 1905. She died of cancer in 1912.
Kathleen Hill (1900-) was born in 1900. During her life she was involved in the operation of the Poor Law after the 1930 Poor Law Act, which introduced limited financial public assistance and which was means tested from the following year. From that point onwards, only the aged found their way into the Workhouses and outdoor relief introduced. She went on to be a member of the National Assistance Board that replaced it after the 1948 National Assistance Act.
The Cornish tin industry became so important during the Middle Ages that the Cornish tin miners were granted special privileges and were placed by the crown under the separate legal jurisdiction of the stannary (tin mine) courts. Cormwall had four stannaries: Foymore, Blackmore, Tywarnhaile and Penwith and Kerrier.Thomas Pearce, in his work on The Laws and customes of the stannaries (1725) records a convocation of the stannators of Cornwall held at Truro in 1703. A Thomas Hawkins and a John Hill are both to be found in A list of all the Adventurers in the Mine Adventure, 1700.
J.P.Hill was born in Fifeshire in Scotland and was educated at the University of Edinburgh and the Royal College of Science, London. In 1892 he became a Demonstrator of Biology at the University of Sydney, and Lecturer on Embryology in 1904. From 1906 to 1921 he was Jodrell Professor of Zoology at University College London, and from 1921 to 1938 he became Professor of Embryology there. From 1938 he was Professor Emeritus. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1913. He published various papers on zoological subjects and on embryology. Hill died in May 1954.
Born in York, England, 1840; trained at the theological college, Richmond; ordained as a Wesleyan Methodist minister; posted to the Central China mission field, based in Wuchang, Hupeh (Hubei) province; sailed to China, 1864; visited Japan for health reasons, but returned to missionary work in China; his single status made him more mobile than most Protestant missionaries; with a few other missionaries, including the Baptist Timothy Richard, engaged in famine relief work in Shansi (Shanxi) province, 1878-c1880; the experience expanded Hill's ministry in terms of social vision and ecumenism; instrumental in the conversion of Hsi Sheng-mo (Xi Shengmo, d 1896), who was to become an important independent pastor, 1879; visited England, 1881-1882; influential in recruiting other missionaries to China; established a hospital and homes for the aged, the blind, and orphans; helped to found the Central China Religious Tract Society; his evangelistic work extended outside the boundaries of existing Methodist circuits in China, resulting in the formation of the Central China Lay Mission, of which he became superintendent; chairman of the Central China Lay Mission, 1885; elected a member of the Legal Conference, 1888; played a central role in the Shanghai missionary conference as English president, 1891; appointed deputy to the British consul in the investigation into a riot at Wusueh, 1891; attended the Ecumenical Conference in Washington, 1891; visited England, 1891-1893; died of typhus fever at Hankow, 1896. Publication: Mission Work in Central China: a letter to Methodist young men (1882).
Hill was born c1850, and educated at Winchester and Magdalene College, Oxford. He was the incumbent of the parish of East Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, for many years. After his retirement in the 1920s, he lived at Northchurch, Berkamsted, Herfordshire, where he financed and organized the re-hanging of the church bells, and trained a team of handbell ringers.
A.V. Hill was Professor of Physiology at the University of Manchester (1920-23) and University College London (1923-25) and Secretary of the Royal Society from 1935. He incorporated the liberation of energy in muscles and in 1922 shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine with Otto Meyerhof.
Alfred Bostock Hill (1854-1932) was Professor of Hygiene and Public Health at Birmingham University.
The Hilfsverein für jüdische Studierende, Berlin (aid organisation for Jewish students) was founded in 1841 with the object of assisting poor Jewish students at state secondary schools in Berlin, by providing interest free loans and grants to cover examination costs. It is not known when it ceased functioning.
The Hilfsverein der Juden in Deutschland (Jewish Aid in Germany) was an organisation established by German Jews in 1901 to engage in social welfare and educational activities among needy Jews. It remained in operation until 1941, and during the Nazi period it assisted German Jews trying to emigrate.
After World War One, the Hilfsverein concentrated its efforts on Jewish refugees from eastern Europe who were stranded in Germany while trying to emigrate overseas.
The help that the Hilfsverein was able to give encompassed all aspects of emigration; up-to-date information, based on reports received from hundreds of contacts abroad; vocational counselling, technical arrangements, bureaucratic formalities and financial advice. When the Hilfsverein began to assist Jewish emigration from Germany, a clear division of responsibility was made between it and the Jewish Agency. The latter, through the Palastina-Amt, dealt exclusively with emigration to Palestine, while the Hilfsverein dealt with emigration elsewhere.
The Hilfsverein continued to function as an independent agency until 1939, when it became a section of the Reichsvereinigung der Juden in Deutschland. In 1941, when emigration was prohibited altogether, that section also went out of existence.