R A Ramsay was a general surgeon who held posts to the Metropolitan Hospital and the Belgrave Hospital for Children, both in London. He pioneered the adoption in Britain of Ramstedt's operation for pyloric stenosis in infants. For further biographical details see The Lancet, 1975, ii, 936, British Medical Journal, 1975, ii 413.
Further information on McCance and Widdowson can be found in the volume McCance and Widdowson: a scientific partnership of 60 years, 1933 to 1993, ed. Margaret Ashwell, British Nutrition Foundation, 1993 (GC/97/D.1). See also Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, Vol 41, 1995 (McCance) and Vol 48, 2002 (Widdowson) and the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
The Lakeside Health Centre is a practice in London SE2.
John Holden FRCGP (b.1953) was a general practitioner in Haydock, Lancashire, and a partner in the Haydock Health Centre practice.
Born, 1918; educated, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1936-1939; Student House Surgeon and work in Hugh Cairns's Neurosurgical Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, 1939-1943; BM, Oxford, 1942; House Surgeon for Professor Grey Turner, Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, 1943; Surgeon Lieutenant, Royal Navy, 1943-1946; Newcastle General Infirmary, 1946-1948; Hospital pathologist, Oxford, 1948-1949; General Practice, Stockton, 1949-1950; General Practice, Redcar, 1950-1973; Professor of General Practice, University of Newfoundland, 1973-1978; Visiting Professor, Glasgow Medical School, 1973; Royal College of General Practitioners Committee on development of oral examination, 1978-1985; Visiting Professor, Dundee Medical School, 1978; Visiting Lecturer, Western Australia Medical School, 1982; Editing Reader's Digest Medical Adviser, 1983-1984, died, 1999.
Publications: Towards Earlier Diagnosis. A Family Doctor's Approach (1963)
David Hutchison MRCGP, FSA (1920-2001) was a general practitioner in Musselburgh, Scotland.
William John O'Connor, MB, ChB (1899-1976) was a general practitioner in High Wycombe, Bucks.
Dr Alfred Model (1906-1979) was a general practitioner in Stockport, Cheshire.
Bernard Taylor FRCGP (b 1926) was a general practitioner in East London.
Born, 1917; obtained his medical education at Edinburgh University (MB ChB 1940). World War Two Service: Served in the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) during World War Two: attached to Light Field Ambulance as Sectional Commander - awarded a Distinction in 43rd Divisional Infantry Battle Course - May 1941-Sep 1942. Took part in the Allied North Africa landings in Oct 1942, attached to 50th General Hospital. Joined 83rd General Hospital (acting Casualty Clearing Station) in Jan 1943. Thereafter transferred to No.5 Casualty Clearing Station, serving in Africa, Sicily and Italy. In charge of all wards. Performed over 300 operations. Received instruction in brain surgery from Mr Slemon of the Advanced Neurological Team. Performed, with supervision, several intercranial operations. Developed a special interest in ophthalmology.
Mentioned in Dispatches. Took part in the Battle of the Po, Feb 1945, as RMO to 22nd Cheshire Regiment. Was a trainee in surgery with 22nd British General Hospital in Northern Italy, Jun 1945. In Dec 1945 appointed General Surgical Specialist. Post War Career: Stewart obtained paediatric surgical posts in Edinburgh. Also trained in Radiology, with posts in Edinburgh and Aberdeen. Appointed Consultant Radiologist to Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and Senior Radiologist in Paediatric Radiology at Aberdeen Sick Children's Hospital.
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Entered the London Medical School for Women 1887, MB 1892, BS and gold medal for surgery 1893, MD 1894, MS (first woman to attain) 1895. Practised as a surgeon in London, and from 1910-1925 was surgeon to the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital. She was also surgeon at the Royal Free Hospital. 1914-1925 Dean, London Medical School for Women. Served with Women's Unit under the Anglo-French Red Cross in France during the First World War. Created Dame of the British Empire, 1925.
The author was Professor of Botany at Glasgow University in 1841, and at Edinburgh in 1845.
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This hospital is now the Royal United Hospital which dates from 1826, when the two old Charities, the Bath Pauper Charity founded in 1746, and the Casualty Hospital were amalgamated. This material is from the library of Herbert Leonard Fuller (1902-1966), a member of an old medical family resident in Bath: he was consulting surgeon to the hospital from 1937 to the time of his death.
H. Berhard was a bookseller of Rouen.
The author was educated at the École Polytechnique in Paris, and obtained his M.D. in 1804 after having served in the armies of Napoleon as Medical Assistant. He is said to have practised in Galway, and certainly had some knowledge of English. He later settled in his native town of Saulieu (Côte d'Or) where he became Chief Physician, and was in charge of the hospital. He wrote many articles for medical journals as exemplified in this collection. A Recueil des oeuvres posthumes was published in Paris in 1828.
Blagden was born at Wotton-Under-Edge, Gloucestershire. He studied medicine at Edinburgh and received his MD in 1768. He was elected FRS in 1772 and served as a medical officer in the British Army from about 1776 to 1780. He was Henry Cavendish's assistant from 1782 to 1789, from whom he received an annuity and a considerable legacy. Blagden succeeded Paul Henry Maty as Secretary of the Royal Society in 1784 (while the Society was divided over the efficacy of its President, Sir Joseph Banks, a close friend of Blagden's), serving until 1797. Both in this capacity and as Cavendish's assistant he became involved in the prolonged 'water controversy' - who had priority in discovering the composition of water, claimed by both Cavendish and James Watt in England and A L Lavoisier in France. Blagden admitted responsibility for conveying, quite well-meaningly, word of the experiments and conclusions of both Cavendish and Watt to Lavoisier; and he overlooked errors of date in the printing of Cavendish's and Watt's papers. His experiments on the effects of dissolved substances on the freezing point of water led to what became known as 'Blagden's Law', where he concluded that salt lowers the freezing point of water in the simple inverse ratio of the proportion the water bears to it in the solution. In fact Richard Watson had first discovered the relationship in 1771. Blagden spent much of his time in Europe, particularly in France, where he had many friends among French scientists such as C L Berthollet. He died in Arcueil in 1820. He was knighted in 1792.
Louis Victor de Broglié was elected Professor of Theoretical Physics at the Institut Henri Poincaré in 1928 and awarded the 1929 Nobel Prize for Physics for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons.
John Chardin was born in London in 1643, the son of a jeweller. As a jewel merchant himself he travelled extensively in Persia and India, publishing an account of his travels, before settling first in Paris and then in London. He died in 1719. Cornelis de Bruin was born in 1652. He travelled through Russia to the East Indies, publishing an account of his travels. He died in 1719. Joseph Smith was born c.1710 and matriculated at Queens' College, Oxford, in 1728. He obtained the degree of D.C.L. in 1740. He died at Kidlington, Oxford, in 1776 (this is noted in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1776, p.483).
Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton obtained his MD at Edinburgh in 1867, and was physician to St Bartholomew's Hospital in 1895, having been elected FRS in 1874. He had discovered the efficacy of amyl nitrite in the treatment of angina, and wrote a standard text-book of pharmacy and therapeutics. He received a baronetcy in 1908, having been knighted in 1900. For more biographical information see the Dictionary of National Biography (1912-1921).
Jean Baptiste Bucquet first studied law, but turned to medicine and chemistry, and began giving private chemical lessons around 1769. In 1776, he was appointed Professor of Chemistry and Natural History at the École de Médicine. He collaborated with Lavoisier in work on gases and their effects on substances. He was a member of the Paris Academie des Sciences.
Dudley Wilmot Buxton, born in 1855, was educated at University College London and University College Hospital, qualifying MB and BS in 1882 and MD in 1883. He held residents posts at UCH, and worked with Sydney Ringer, Professor of Medicine at University College. At this time, their work concerned the action of certain drugs on the heart. However, from 1885 Buxton confined his work to anaesthetics. In 1901 the British Medical Association appointed him Honorary Secretary of the Special Chloroform Committee, which presented its final report in 1910. During his career he worked in anaesthetics at the National Hospital, Queen Square; the Hospital for Women, Soho Square; the King George V Hospital (during the First World War) and latterly at UCH and The Royal Dental Hospital. He retired in 1919.
Buxton's influence was considerable: he believed that every doctor entering practice should have a competent knowledge of anaesthetics, a subject that had not been taught until the end of the nineteeth century. He married Louisa Clarke in 1884 and they had three sons. Buxton died on 28 June 1931.
Corneille Broeckx (1807-1869), the Belgian medical historian, published his Histoire du Collegium Medicum Antwerpiense, at Antwerp in 1858.
Michel Chevereul was educated at the Collége de France, and elected a Member of the Académie des Sciences in 1826. He was Professor of Organic Chemistry at the Musée d'Histoire Naturelle, and Director form 1860 to 1879. He is mainly famous for his work on the composition of animal fats and saponification. He was elected FRS in 1857.
The compiler's name is given in MS.185 under the anagram 'Tessun Celi Terenzi', which appears to be equivalent to 'Terenzi Celestinus'. In MS. 186, by the same hand, the anagram is spelt 'Tessun Coeli' which would become 'Coelestinus'.
Sir Astley Paston Cooper was born in Brooke Hall, Norfolk, in 1768. He was educated at home. He was articled to his uncle, William Cooper, senior surgeon at Guy's Hospital in London, in 1784. He lived in the house of Henry Cline, surgeon at nearby St Thomas's Hospital, whom he became apprenticed to instead. He became Cline's anatomy demonstrator in 1789, and he shared the lectures on anatomy and surgery with Cline, in 1791. He attended lectures by Desault and Chopart in Paris, in 1792. Cooper taught at St Thomas's and worked in dissections and lectured in anatomy and surgery, during the 1790s. A compilation of notes based on his lectures was published in 1820 titled Outlines of Lectures on Surgery, which went through many editions.
From 1793 until 1796 Cooper was also lecturer in anatomy at the Company of Surgeons (after 1800 the Royal College of Surgeons). In 1800 his uncle, William Cooper, resigned as surgeon to Guy's Hospital and Cooper was elected to the post. He was elected Professor of Comparative Anatomy at the Royal College of Surgeons in 1813-1815. He became a member of the court of examiners of the College in 1822, and he served as President twice, in 1827 and 1836. He was also a Vice-President of the Royal Society, to whose fellowship he had been elected in 1802, and won the Society's Copley medal. He was a member of the Physical Society at Guy's. the Medico-Chirurgical Society, and the Pow-Wow, a medical dining club started by John Hunter.
He was created a baronet in 1821. He died in 1840.
Benjamin Travers was born in Cheapside, London, in 1783. He was educated at the grammar school in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, and then privately. He was a pupil of Astley Cooper from 1800-1806. During this time he gave occasional demonstrations and set up a weekly clinical society. He took his diploma and became MRCS in 1806. He was appointed demonstrator of anatomy at Guy's Hospital, and was appointed surgeon to the East India Company's warehouses and brigade in 1809. He was elected surgeon to St Thomas' Hospital in 1815, as well as the London Infirmary for Diseases of the Eye (now Moorfields Eye Hospital), where he succeeded Astley Cooper, and remained until 1816. He resigned his joint lectureship with Astley Cooper in 1819. He began to lecture again in 1834, with Frederick Tyrell at St Thomas' Hospital. He was appointed surgeon to Queen Victoria in 1837 and to Prince Albert in 1840. He was elected FRCS in 1813; Member of Council, 1839-1858; Examiner in surgery, 1841-1858; Chairman of the Board of Midwifery Examiners, 1855; Vice-President, 1845, 1846, 1854 and 1855; President, 1847 and 1856; and he was Huntarian Orator in 1838. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1813. He was elected president of the Hunterian Society in 1827, as well as President of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society. He died in 1858.
A 'Mr Coynes [sic] Surgeon and Apothecary' is entered for Holywell in the Medical Register for 1780, but his name is not to be found in the 1783 edition.
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Pierre Eloyr Fouquier obtained his MD at the École de Medecine, Paris, in 1802, and was professor of medicine at the Faculté de Médecine, Paris, as well as a member of the Académie de Médecine in 1820. In 1840 he was physician to King Louis Philippe and President of the Academie.
George Paterson matriculated at Leyden University in 1763.
Graham became professor at Andersonian University, Glasgow, 1830-1837, and at University College, London, 1837-1855. He was Master of the Mint, 1855 to his death. For further information see the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
John Gregory was born, 1864; Geological Department of the Natural History Museum, 1887; expedition to Kenya, 1891; accompanied Lord Conway across Spitsbergen, 1896; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1893-1932; Professor of Geology, Melbourne, 1901; led an expedition around Lake Eyre; Chair of Geology at Glasgow University, 1904-1929; Government Commission into the working and organising of Calcutta University, 1917; undertook many travels including a trip to Chinese Tibet, 1922; President of the Geological Society of London, 1928-1930; trip to South America, 1931 on which he died, 1932.
William Cullen was born, Hamilton, Lanarkshire, 1710; educated, Glasgow University, and became pupil of a physician; surgeon to a merchant ship, 1729; apothecary's assistant, London; practiced at Auchinlee, near Hamilton, 1731-1732; student, Edinburgh Medical School, 1734-1736; practiced as a surgeon in Hamilton, 1736-1744; chief magistrate of Hamilton, 1739-1740; graduated MD, Glasgow, 1740; practiced in Glasgow, 1744-; founded a medical school, lecturing on medicine and several other subjects; made some discoveries on the evolution of heat in chemical combinations and the cooling of solutions; Professor of Medicine, Glasgow University, 1751; joint Professor of Chemistry, Edinburgh University; began to give clinical lectures in the infirmary, 1757; delivered a course of lectures on materia medica, continuing his chemistry course, 1760-1761; Professor of the 'Institutes' or theory of physic, Edinburgh University, 1766-1773; lectured in alternate years on the theory and the practice of medicine with John Gregory; Professor of the Practice of Physic, Edinburgh University, 1773-1789; President, Edinburgh College of Physicians, 1773-1775; helped prepare the new edition of the 'Edinburgh Pharmacopeia', 1774; foreign associate of the Royal Society of Medicine at Paris, 1776; Fellow, Royal Society of London, 1777; died, 1790.
John Haighton was physician and physiologist, and had worked under Cline and John Hunter. He qualified MD at London and lectured on midwifery and physiology at Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals, as well as lecturing on midwifery and obstetrics at an anatomy theatre in Southwark in collaboration with William Lowder. See the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography for further information.
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was a Tuscan (Italian) physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher.
John Hope was Professor of Botany at Edinburgh University in 1761. He had obtained his MD at Glasgow in 1750, and was later elected FRS.
Jacques Lazerme was a celebrated lecturer and physician of his day, graduated MD at Montpellier in 1703, and was appointed Professor of Medicine at this university in 1720.
Louis Lepecq de la Cloture was born at Caen and graduated M.D. at the university. He was later professor of surgery, and afterwards held a similar post at the Hôtel-Dieu at Rouen.