Born in 1890; 2nd Lt, Royal Engineers, 1910; Lt, 1912; served in France and Belgium, 1914-1917, and Italy, 1917-1918; Capt, 1916; Assistant Instructor in Construction, School of Military Engineering, 1920-1924; Adjutant, 1925-1926; Maj, 1926; Lt Col, 1934; served in Palestine, [1936-1939]; Deputy Chief Engineer, Northern Command, 1939-1940; Col 1937; retired, 1944; died in1982.
Born 1928; commissioned, Royal Army Medical Corps, 1953; service with Nigerian Military Forces, 1958; Assistant Director of Medical Services, Northern Ireland, [1974-1975]; Col, 1975; Assistant Director of Medical Services, North East District, York, 1975-1982; retired, 1982; died, 2000.
Landmines: Hidden Assassins was a special report produced by Jeremy Isaacs Productions for CNN (Cable News Network) and broadcast on CNN, December 1997. It was produced by Jeremy Isaacs, Pat Mitchell and Wayne Derrick and narrated by CNN Senior International Correspondent Christine Amanpour.
Born 1864; educated at Eton and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst; commissioned into Yorks andLancashire Regt, 1884; transferred to 1 Bn, Scots Guards as Lt, 1884; Capt, 1897; retired to Reserve of Officers, 1899; raised 38 Company, Imperial Yeomanry, 1899; served in Second Boer War, South Africa, 1899-1902; Commanding Officer 10 Bn, Imperial Yeomanry, South Africa, 1900-1901; awarded DSO, 1901; Maj, 1902; Hon Lt Col, 1903; served in World War One, 1914-1918; Railway Staff Officer, Paddington, London, 1914; raised 2/1 Royal Buckinghamshire Hussars, 1914; Brevet Col, 1918; succeeded to Barony, 1933; died 1943.
Born 1907; educated at Eton College and Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst; joined Royal Horse Guards, Mar 1927, 2nd Lt, 1927; Lt 1930; Capt 1934; married Angela Claire Louise (née Dudley Ward), 1935; instructor on anti-gas and air defence measures, School of Military Engineering, Chatham, Dec 1937; General Staff Officer, Grade 3 (passive air defence) in department of Chief of Imperial General Staff, Dec 1938; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, chemical warfare section, British Expeditionary Force Headquarters, France, 1939-1940; joined Combined Operations, 1940; Lt Col 1941; commanded Special Service Brigade LAYFORCE, Feb-Aug 1941 and Middle East Commando, Aug 1941-Aug 1942; Brig, 1942; commanded Special Service Brigade, organizing and training all commandos in Britain, 1942-1943; Maj Gen 1943; Chief of Combined Operations, Oct 1943-1947; retired 1947; Governor and Commander-in-Chief, Malta, 1954-1959; Col Commandant, Special Air Service (SAS) and Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry, 1960-1968. Died 1968.
Born in India, 1885; educated at Clifton College, Bristol and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into the Corps of Royal Engineers, 1904; served in India with 1 Bengal Sappers and Miners, 1906-1915; Lt, 1907; Mohmand Expedition, North West Frontier, India, 1908; served on the Staff for the Delhi Durbar, India, 1911; Capt, 1914; served in France, Flanders, Mesopotamia and Palestine, World War One, 1915-1918; served with the Indian Corps at Neuve Chapelle, Aubers Ridge and Festubert, Western Front, 1915; awarded MC, 1915; General Staff Officer 3, Indian Expeditionary Force, Western Front, 1915-1916; transferred to 3 Div, Mesopotamia, 1916; wounded, Mesopotamia, 1916; awarded DSO, 1916; Brevet Maj, 1918; posted to 8 Bde in Palestine and served in the Megiddo campaign, 1918; awarded OBE, 1919; graduated from Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1920; General Staff Officer 2, War Office, 1920-1921; Bde Maj, Waziristan force, North West Frontier, India, 1921-1922; Maj, 1922; Brevet Lt Col, 1922; transferred to Royal Tank Corps, 1923; Instructor at Staff College, Quetta, India, 1923-1927; Brevet Col, 1928; Lt Col, 1930; Commanding Officer 2 Bn, Royal Tank Corps, 1931-1933; Col, 1933; Inspector, Royal Tank Corps, 1933-1936; commanded 1 Tank Bde, Southern Command, 1934-1937; Deputy Director of Staff Duties (Armoured Fighting Vehicles), War Office, 1937; Director of Military Training, War Office, 1937-1938; Maj Gen, 1937; General Officer Commanding Armoured Div, Egypt, 1938-1939; awarded CB, 1939; retired, 1940; joined Local Defence Volunteers (later renamed the Home Guard), Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, 1940; Deputy Area Organiser, Local Defence Volunteers/Home Guard, South Midland Area, 1940-1941; re-employed by Army, 1941; served in UK and North West Europe, World War Two, 1941-1945; General Officer Commanding 11 Armoured Div, UK, 1941-1942; General Officer Commanding 79 (Specialised) Armoured Div, 1942-1945; created KBE, 1943; Commander of the Specialised Armour Development Establishment, Suffolk, 1945-1946; retired from Army, 1946; representative Col Commandant, Royal Tank Regiment, 1947-1951; Lieutenant Governor, Royal Hospital, Chelsea, 1948-1953; died 1957.
Born in 1895; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; commissioned into the 11 (Reserve) Bn, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, Jan 1915; joined 9 (Service) Bn, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, 64 Infantry Bde, 21 Div, Western Front, Dec 1915; served in France and Flanders, World War One, 1915-1918; wounded Battle of the Somme, 1916; awarded MC, 1916; Lt, 1917; served at Third Battle of Ypres,1917; wounded at Second Battle of Aisne, 1918; awarded Bar to MC, 1918; Capt, 1924; graduated Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1929; General Staff Officer 3, War Office, 1930-1934; Maj, 1936; Deputy Assistant Adjutant and Quartermaster General, Northern Command, 1936- 1938; General Staff Officer 2, West Riding Div, 1938-1940; served in UK, Norway and India, World War Two, 1939-1945; served in the North-Western Expeditionary Force, Norway, 1940; Lt Col, 1940; acting Brig, 1941; Brigadier General Staff, Central Command, India, 1943-1947; substantive Col, 1944; Deputy Chief of Staff, Allied Commission, Austria, 1947-1948; retired from Army as Honorary Brig, 1948; worked in the Historical Section, Cabinet Office, 1948-1952; appointed Justice of the Peace for Surrey, 1951; County Commandant, Surrey Army Cadet Force, 1952-1956; Honorary County Secretary of the Hampshire Soldiers', Sailors', and Airman's Families Association, 1958-1970; died in [1974].
Born 1922; educated at St Andrew's School, Pangbourne, Berkshire, Eton College, Berkshire, and King's College, Cambridge; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; Adjutant, Local Defence Volunteers (later renamed the Home Guard), Dartington, Devon, 1940; trained at HMS COLLINGWOOD, Fareham, Hampshire, 1941; commissioned into the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, 1941; service on Flower Class Corvette HMS CARNATION, Battle of the Atlantic, 1941; HMS KING ALFRED, 1942; Sub Lt, HMS JAMAICA, 1942; service on HM Landing Ship Tank 320, Mediterranean, 1943; served with Combined Operations Command, British North African Forces, 1943; Signal Division, Admiralty, London, 1943-1944; HMS COLDSTREAMER, 1944; served on HMS GUARDSMAN, 1944; Flag Lt to Adm Commanding Iceland, 1945; Liberal Party candidate for Blackpool (South Division), Lancashire, General Election, 1945; Assistant Editor, Preparatory Commission of the United Nations, 1945-1946; Political Affairs Officer, United Nations Organisation, New York, USA, 1946-1947; appointed Control Officer Grade 2, Public Revenue and General Finance Branch, Finance Division, Control Service for Germany (British Element), British Army of the Rhine (BAOR), Berlin, Germany, 1947; served with the Personnel Branch, Administrative Staff, Headquarters, Control Commission for Germany (British Element), British Army of the Rhine (BAOR), Berlin, Germany, 1947-1948; worked for the Outward Bound Sea School, 1949; employed as a journalist by Westminster Press Provincial Newspapers Limited, The Yorkshire Observer, Bradford, Yorkshire, and as Lobby Correspondent, House of Commons, London, 1949-1950; Liberal Party candidate for Sowerby, Yorkshire, General Election, 1950; served in the French Foreign Legion as Légionnaire Peter Brand, [1950]-1951; service in 1 Regt Etranger de Cavalerie (1 REC), 1 Groupe d'Escadrons, Groupement Amphibie, Cochin, Indo China, 1951; employed by Outward Bound Trust, Aberdovey, Gwynedd, 1952; employed in the oil industry, Canada, 1953-1954; Editor B, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Toronto, Canada, 1955; Associate Editor, Saturday Night, Toronto, Canada, 1955-1956; employed with the Federation of British Industries, 1959-1960; appointed Assistant Director, Society of British Aircraft Constructors, 1960-1962; Analyst, Gordon Rayment and Company Limited, London, 1962-1963; appointed Assistant General Secretary, UN Association International Service, Nov 1963; Executive, Informat public relations company, London, 1965-1966; member of staff, St John's House, hostel for the rehabilitation of homeless young offenders, London, 1968; Warden, Elswick Lodge Rehabilitation Centre, North East Bridgehead Association, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, Feb-Jul 1971; died 1991.
Born in 1901; 2nd Lt, Irish Guards, 1922; Lt, 1924; Capt, 1930; ADC to General OfficerCommanding London District, 1932-1934; Adjutant, 1934-1936; Maj, 1939; served as Commander, RAF Regt, North West Europe, 1944-1945; Staff Officer Grade 1 (Education), London District, 1947-[1949]; died in 1981.
Born 1931; joined Army as National Serviceman, 1949; 2nd Lt 1950; joined Royal Artillery, Lt 1952; temp Capt 1954; Capt 1958; Maj 1965; passed Staff College, 1966; MBE 1970; Lt Col 1971; Col 1978; Defence Attaché, British Embassy, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1979-1982; Project Director, 'Falklands Pilgrimage', 1983; died 1999.
Served in RAF, [1939-1965]; Flight Lt, 1942; died in 1985.
Born in 1896; educated at Campbell College, Belfast and Queen's University of Belfast; served in World War One with Machine Gun Corps in France, Belgium and Germany; called to Irish Bar, 1921; Lecturer in Jurisprudence, Queen's University of Belfast, 1931-1935; appointed to determine industrial assurance disputes in Northern Ireland, 1929-1938; King's Counsel (Northern Ireland), 1936; MP (Unionist), Queen's University of Belfast, Parliament of Northern Ireland, 1938-1944; Governor, Campbell College, 1934-1959; Chairman, Joint Select Committee on Road and Rail Transport in Northern Ireland, 1939; Minister of Public Security for Northern Ireland, 1940-1941; Attorney-General, 1941-1944; Judge, High Court of Justice, Northern Ireland, 1944-1947; a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary, 1947-1951; Chairman, National Arbitration Tribunal, Northern Ireland, 1944-1946; Pro-Chancellor, Queen's University of Belfast, 1951-1969; Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland, 1951-1971; died in 1979.
A consultant at Guy's Hospital, London, William Arbuthnot Lane was an innovative surgeon, the first to reintroduce Paré's practice of removing a portion of rib to treat empyema. He evolved the no-touch technique for surgical operations, which enabled him to treat fractures of the long bones by open operation with advantage and safety. In 1900 he introduced sterile caps, masks and gloves to operations at Guy's.
He caused controversy in using internal fixations for fractures which could be treated by conservative methods, and by his flap method of operating on cleft palate in infants, but most controversial of all were his views on 'intestinal stasis', and his advocacy of removal of the colon, which subject occupied six meetings of the Royal Society of Medicine in 1913. The text of the discussion is included in this collection (Ref B/11).
Lane was made a baronet after successfully operating on a member of the royal family in 1913. During the First World War, he was involved in the the organisation of Queen Mary's Hospital at Sidcup for the treatment of deformities of the face resulting from wounds. Due to the shortage of personnel at Guy's, he did not retire until 1920.
After his retirement, convinced that most disease is due to 'defective diet and bad habits', Lane founded the New Health Society to publicise his theories on internal stasis and his ideas about healthy diet, posture and excercise. In order to write and publish without contravening the rules of the General Medical Council, Lane had his name removed from the Medical Register in 1933. Lane died in 1948.
A.D. Douglas and E.D. Oram were psychiatrists at the Saxondale Hospital, Nottingham. A. Minto was a psychiatrist also based in Nottingham. Sam Sussman was Director of Social Services in London, Ontario, Canada.
Nicholl received his medical training at St Bartholomew's Hospital and held various posts including Hon. Surgeon to Stoke Newington Dispensary, Senior House Surgeon at the Metropolitan Free Hospital, and Consulting Surgeon at the British Asylum for Deaf and Dumb at Clapton. The diaries include mention of his calls on patients and their visits to consult him, as well as his personal appointments, listing his day to day financial accounts at the back of each volume. He lived in South Kensington and his private patients included General Fuller, General Fryer, Lady Raglan, General Sir Thomas Fraser and other titled people.
Relating to the prevalence of spirilium fever among the native population of Swaziland, 1913.
Sir Weldon, who assumed his mother's maiden name as an additional surname in 1924, qualified MB, BCh from Oxford and trained at St Bartholomew's. After serving as Assistant Medical Officer of Health at Willesden in North London,he joined the Ministry of Health in 1927 and was Deputy Chief Medical Officer of Health from 1940 to his retirement in 1956. Among the subjects upon which Sir Weldon reported to the Ministry were undulant fever (brucellosis) and tuberculosis of bovine origin. From 1937 to 1939, he was a member of the Interdepartmental Committee on the Nursing Services, whose interim report (G.6) laid the foundations for all subsesquent improvements in nursing. Work on a final report was curtailed by the outbreak of the Second World War, as were Sir Weldon's investigations into the use of snake venom for pain relief and the treatment of epilepsy. He was President of the Royal Society of Medicine's Comparative Medicine Section 1954/1955. He also undertook work for the international medical community, reporting on bovine tuberculosis to the International Bureau of Public Hygiene (F.12) and representing New Zealand on the Bureau's Permanent Committee (this body was later absorbed into the World Health Organisation). He was President of the Joint Food and Agriculture Organisation / World Health Organisation Committee on Brucellosis, and did much to further the cause of veterinary education by his active support of the Royal Veterinary College and the Veterinary Educational Trust. After his retirement, Sir Weldon became President of the Haemophilia Society. After his move to Oxford in 1964 he was closely involved in the work of the Oxford Haemophilia Centre. He died in 1980.
These papers on psychiatry in Nigeria were received from Dr Alexander Boroffka, who was Senior Specialist Psychiatrist in charge of Yaba Mental Hospital, Lagos, from 1961 to 1966. The Yaba Lunatic Asylum opened in Lagos, Nigeria, on 31 October 1907, taking in 8 female and 6 male patients. By 17 June 1912 there were 18 females and 17 males, and until 1949 the hospital also functioned as a leper asylum. The 'Lunatic Asylum' was renamed 'Yaba Mental Hospital' in 1960. The report book (GC/146/1) was given to him by the then Chief Nursing Officer, Mr A A Ordia, when the store of the hospital's records was cleared out in 1962. It appears to contain all the letters and reports written by the Medical Officer in charge, including reports on the leprosy patients. Dr Bruce F Home was appointed as an 'alienist' in 1927 and stayed for three tours, Oct 1927-Oct 1928, Apr 1929-Jul 1930, and Dec 1930-Aug 1931. A copy of his report of 1928 based on a tour of 25 centres of population and the results of questionnaires to Residents and Medical Officers, and the comments of the Lieutenant-Governor of the Northern Provinces, are included in this collection (GC/146/2-3).
These case cards of patients first seen for vascular disease of the heart (VDH) between 1919-1921, were brought together by R D Grant for his study of this condition. The results of his research were published in Heart, Vol VI, June 1933, as 'After histories for 10 years of 1000 men suffering from heart disease: study in prognosis'. It is said that it was for this work that Grant became an FRS: for further biographical details see Who's Who.
The Physiological Society was formed in March 1876 after John Burdon Sanderson invited 19 scientists interested in physiology to his house for informal discussions over how they should react to impending legislation on the use of animals in experiments. For the first four years the meetings were fairly informal and intimate affairs, with membership formally limited to forty, and business taking place over dinner in a hotel. In December 1880 the first afternoon meeting for the demonstration of experiments and presentation of results took place, a precedent which has continued, and now the demonstrations and presentations are at the core of the Society's meetings, although dinner still plays an important part.
Savory and Moore was a firm of dispensing chemists based at Chapel Street, London SW1. The shop closed in 1968.
John Gallop born 1910; Junior posts with the Bournemouth and Poole Electricity Supply Company, 1932-1936; Technical Assistant, Bournemouth and Poole Electricity Supply Company. Designed and installed the company's first multiple earthing scheme, 1936-1942; Technical Officer, Telecommunications Research Establishment, Malvern - Deputy Leader of team developing radar transmitters for the RAF, 1942-1946; Senior Scientific Officer, Ministry of Supply Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell - leader of team developing the synchrotron, 1946-1948; Senior Cyclotron Engineer, MRC - organising recruitment of the Radiotherapeutic Research Unit's cylotron team at Hammersmith Hospital, and supervising the design and construction of the first medical cyclotron, with accompanying laboratory buildings which also contained an 8 MeV linear acceleration, 1948-1958; Senior Executive Research Engineer in charge of Gas Discharge Physics at the Nelson Research Laboratories, English Electric Co., Stafford (part of the High Temperature Physics Team under Dr R Latham at Imperial College, London), 1958-1971.
Chronology of the Cyclotron Project: Dr Constance Wood's work at the Radium Institute on comparison of radium and 22 kV X-Rays indicated that higher voltages of radiation give the best dose distribution, c 1940; 2 MeV Van de Graaff generator designed and built at Hammersmith Hospital by J W Boag for the MRC's Radiotherapeutic Research Unit, directed by Constance Wood. By 1945 the machine was near completion, but design had been overtaken by new accelerators such as the linear accelerator, 1941; Dr L H ('Hal') Gray joined the Hammersmith Hospital team to include radiobiology in the Unit's programme. He discovered that X-radiation is less effective than neutron bombardment unless oxygen is present, and since tumours tend to be anoxic, a cyclotron was needed to produce neutrons, 1945; The MRC decided to install both a 10 MeV Linear Accelerator and a 60" or 65" cyclotron at Hammersmith, the latter to provide the facilities for research into neutron therapy, radiobiology and isotope production. JWG was appointed Senior Cyclotron Engineer, having worked on the team at the Telecommunications Research Establishment, Malvern, which produced the first synchrotron, 1948; Gallop put together a team to build the cyclotron themselves, with Derry Vonberg in charge of the vacuum system, Bill Powell of the magnetic field and ion source, and Peter Waterton to design the v.f. system, based at a former Prisoner of War camp on Scrubs Common next to the hospital; Gallop undertook tour of existing cyclotrons in the USA, 1950; Proposal to cancel the whole project due to excessive quotation for building led to redesign. Sir Harold Himsworth, MRC Secretary, convened an advisory committee chaired by Sir Ernest Rock Carling, which, under the guidance of Professor Mayneord, approved the building of a 45" cyclotron; After disagreement with L H Gray, Wood submitted a report discounting all purposes for the cyclotron other than neutron therapy. Gray and J W Boag resigned and Gallop continued with the original programme: to build a machine to be used primarily for radiobiology with isotope production as a possibility.
The campaign was launched in Sep 1986. It was co-ordinated centrally from the Royal Society of Medicine, with each county in England having at least one area co-ordinator. Scotland, Wales and Ireland also had co-ordinators. In conjunction with countrywide classes the BBC ran a series of 10 minute programmes, with sequences using the life-saving techniques. The programmes were repeated a further four times. The campaign closed end of Mar 1988 due to lack of finance, although some areas continued training people who were interested, and the Royal Society of Medicine continued to produce booklets for sale. For a more detailed history of the campaign see H.1.
Dorothy Minnie Newhall was a nurse with one of the British women's units in the Serbian Army in 1915, and a Sanitary Inspector with the Serbian Relief Fund, 1916-1919. The manuscript diary bears the inscription 'Aldo Castellani, Society of Tropical Medicine, 11 Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, London W1', but is written in English and mentions Castellani in the third person (eg on 13 April 1916 'Dr Aldo Castellani arrived tonight'). The diarist's mention of the same colleagues and her return to Beckenham at the end of both this and the manuscript volume suggests that the author was Dorothy Newhall rather than Castellani.
Not given.
Sir Christopher Howard Andrewes born 1896; Deputy Director, National Institute of Medical Research, 1952-1961; died 1989.
John A.V. Bates was born on 24 August 1918. He was educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge and went on to clinical training at University College Hospital, London. During the Second World War he worked on visual tracking in gunnery and control design in tanks under the auspices of the Ministry of Supply. In 1946 he joined the External Scientific Staff of the Medical Research Council based at the Neurological Research Unit at the National Hospital for Nervous Diseases, London, where he worked until retirement in 1978. Bates also served as Honorary Consultant Physician to the Department of Applied Electrophysiology at the Hospital.
Bates was a leader in the field of neurophysiology. At the end of the Second World War, using home-made equipment from surplus electronic parts, Bates developed specialised equipment for brain stimulation and recording. He studied the human electroencephalogram (EEG) in research into voluntary movement, a term he may have coined. He went on to study the neurological effects of hemispherectomy and later collaborated with Irving Cooper and Purdon Martin on research into Parkinson's Disease, with work on human postural and balance mechanisms.
Bates founded the Ratio Club, a small informal dining club of young physiologists, mathematicians and engineers who met to discuss issues in cybernetics. The idea of the club arose from a Society of Experimental Biology Symposium on Animal Behaviour held in Cambridge, July 1949. The initial membership was W.R. Ashby, H. Barlow, G.D. Dawson, T. Gold, W.E. Hick, D.M. MacKay, T. McLardy, P.A. Merton, J.W.S. Pringle, H. Shipton, D.A. Sholl, A.M. Uttley, W.G. Walter and J. Westcott. A.M. Turing joined after the first meeting and other other members included I.J. Good, P.A. Woodward and W.H.A. Rushton. The Club continued in being until 1958. Bates acted as Secretary and retained many of its historical records.
Bates was a member of the Physiological Society from 1949, and a member of the Electroencephalography Society (now the British Society for Clinical Neurophysiology), serving as President 1976-1978, and the Association of British Neurologists. He died on 16 July 1993.
Hideyo Noguchi was an American-based Japanese bacteriologist who discovered the agent of syphilis in 1911.
Dame Janet had a distinguished career in medicine during the interwar years, developing a standard treatment by liver for pernicious anaemia, and was a pioneer of the wartime Blood Transfusion Service, following her experiences in this field during the Spanish Civil War. She was also part of the team providing experimental food supplements to Belsen shortly after its liberation. Both these aspects of her career are reflected in these files. In 1945 she was elected Principal of Somerville College and continued to have an active career both as a scientist, working on the biological effects of nuclear radiation, and as an administrator. She was a persistent campaigner for equal pay and status for women.
Dr John Glyn, MA, MD, MRCP, DPhysMed.
The European Collaborative Hospitals (from 1983, Health Services) Survey came into being as a result of a suggestion by Professor R Logan of the LSHTM at the bi-annual meeting of the Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region in 1977, that the time was appropriate for a joint research project comparing the input and outcome of Health Services in different European centres. An initial 8 centres were involved: Limerick, Eire; Colchester, Great Britain; Londonderry, Northern Ireland; Uelzen, Germany; Viana do Castello, Portugal; Mostar, Yugoslavia; Mikkeli, Finland; and Nor Trondelag, Norway. Norway and Northern Ireland subsequently dropped out (in 1979 and 1983 respectively) but Almelo (The Netherlands) and Skovde (Sweden) were added in 1979 and 1982. The project was to consist of a small fairly informal network meeting in regular workshops with no formal funding structure. From 1980 until 1992 regular spring and autumn workshops were held at the various centres. Some short-term and conference funding was obtained from the WHO and the EEC but no regular source of funds was forthcoming and the final workshop was held in 1992. A brief chronology of the activities of ECHSS follows on page 2.
Dr Leigh Perry Ashton (b 1908) qualified in medicine at Bristol in 1931 and worked as a medical missionary in Kenya from 1934 until 1964, apart from Second World War service with the King's African Rifles. In September 1945 he was Medical Officer at Maseno Church Missionary Society Hospital in western Kenya, where he treated 244 cases of smallpox in three months. This report records his observations and conclusions.
Sir George Godber pursued a distinguished career in health planning and education, and was closely involved in the establishment of the National Health Service (NHS). After training at the London Hospital and the London School of Hygiene, he became a Medical Officer at the Ministry of Health (MoH) in 1939. According to an interview with Anthony Seldon of the British Library of Political and Economic Science (see GB0121 GC/201/D.2), Godber wanted to work in medicine but did not want to take fees from patients. As he felt certain that there would be a National Health Service, he entered public health medicine in order to get into the MoH which, he presumed, would have the task of organising the NHS.
In the early 1940s Godber undertook a survey of hospitals in the Sheffield and Midlands area as part of a series of MoH regional hospital surveys (see GB0121 GC/201/A.4/1 for his draft survey). This work brought him to the heart of the re-organisation of the hospital side of the future health service. In 1950 he became Deputy Chief Medical Officer, MoH, and from 1960 to 1973 he was Chief Medical Officer at the MoH's successor departments, the Department of Health and Social Security, the Department of Education and Science, and the Home Office. Godber was Chairman of the Health Education Council from 1977 to 1978, and became a Fellow of many organisations, including the American Hospital Association and the American Public Health Association. He was appointed Knight Commander Order of the Bath in 1962, and Knight Grand Cross of the Bath in 1971. He married Norma Hathorne Rainey in 1935.
Marion Margaret Scott, born London, 16 Jul 1877; studied violin at the Royal College of Music, 1896-1904; published poetry as Violin verses (Walter Scott, London, 1905); composed music and led her own string quartet; organised concerts of British chamber music, 1900-1920; founded with Gertrude Eaton and Katharine Eggar the Society of Women Musicians, 1911, and served as its President, 1915-1916; published edition of Haydn's Quartet Opus 1 no 1 (Oxford University Press. 1931); published Beethoven, (J M Dent, London, 1934); published editions of songs of Ivor Gurney, 1938, 1952; wrote numerous articles on the life and works of Joseph Haydn; died London, 24 Dec 1953.
Harold Watkins Shaw, born Bradford, 3 April 1911; read history at Wadham College, Oxford, 1929-1932; studied at the Royal College of Music, 1932-1933; awarded the Oxford University Osgood Memorial prize for his dissertation on John Blow, 1936; taught in London; appointed music organizer to Hertfordshire County Council, 1946; appointed Honorary Librarian of St Michael's College, Tenbury, 1948; appointed lecturer at Worcester College of Education, 1949 (retained until retirement); published books on the teaching of music in schools at primary and secondary levels, 1950s; edited his edition of Messiah, 1957-1965; Keeper of the Parry Room library, Royal College of Music, 1971-1980; awarded DLitt in the faculty of music by Oxford University; awarded OBE, 1985; died, Worcester, 8 Oct 1996. Publications (a selection): Music in the Primary School (London, 1952); The Three Choirs Festival c1713-1953 (Worcester and London, 1954); Music in the Secondary School (London, 1961); The Story of Handel's 'Messiah', 1741-1784 (London, 1963); A Textual and Historical Companion to Handel's 'Messiah' (London, 1965); A Study of the Bing-Gostling Part Books in the Library of York Minster together with a Systematic Catalogue (Croydon, 1986) ;The Succession of Organists of the Chapel Royal and the Cathedrals of England and Wales from c.1538 (Oxford, 1991).
Hilde Schüller was born, 1910 and studied in Vienna, probably under Julius von Schlosser. She emigrated to London in the 1930s and became associated with the Warburg Institute. She married fellow art historian Otto Kurz in 1937. She died 1981. The American poetry critic Marjorie Perloff is her niece.
Betty Kurth was born 1878 and educated at the University of Vienna, where she was one of the earliest women students to be admitted; she studied art history and medieval literature and was awarded her doctorate in 1911. After moving to England, her research focused on English medieval art and she became an authority on medieval tapestry and embroidery. She died in an accident in 1948.
Frances Yates was born in Hampshire, 1899 and studied at the University of London, receiving her MA in 1926. She spent 15 years as a private scholar before becoming successively Editor of Publications (1941-1944), Lecturer (1944-1957) and Reader (1956-1967) at the Warburg Institute. After her retirement she was an Honorary Fellow of the Institute until her death in 1981. Her wide research interests included Shakespeare, Renaissance thought, and many other aspects of European literature and culture. She was created OBE in 1972 and DBE in 1977.
Gertrud Bing was born in Hamburg and studied at the Universities of Munich and Hamburg. After receiving her doctorate in 1921, she became a librarian at the Kulturwissenschaftliche Bibliothek Warburg, subsequently serving as Assistant to Aby Warburg (1924-1929). She moved to London with the Warburg Institute in 1933 and became a British citizen in 1946. She was Assistant Director (1944-1954) and then Director (1955-1959) of the Institute, and subsequently an Honorary Fellow until her death in 1964.
Robert Eisler was born and educated in Vienna, receiving his doctorate from the University of Vienna in 1904. He subsequently had a successful academic career in Austria and Germany, including time spent as a visiting lecturer in France, Britain and the United States, until the Anschluss in 1938 when he was interned in Dachau concentration camp. Released shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War he came to England and continued his research at Oxford and later in London, though his time in Dachau left him in poor health for the rest of his life. His research interests included classical archaeology, art history and philosophy, as well as various aspects of the history of religious belief and superstition.
Roberto Weiss was born in Milan, 1906 and studied at the University of Oxford, receiving his DPhil in 1938; excepting a period of military service, he taught in the Italian Department at University College London from 1938 (as Professor from 1946) until his death in 1969. He was naturalized as a British subject in 1934.
Siegfried Seligmann was born in Wandsbek (now part of Hamburg), 1870; studied medicine in Freiburg, Strasbourg, Berlin and Munich, qualifying in 1895; chose to specialize in ophthalmology and worked in Berlin for a few years before returning to Hamburg in 1898, where he continued to practise as an eye specialist; married Alice Warburg in 1904. Alongside his medical career, Seligmann became a leading public figure in Hamburg and carried out research into magic and superstition as a private scholar; his 1910 work Der Böse Blick (The Evil Eye) is still considered a classic. He worked as a military doctor during the First World War, resuming his Hamburg practice when hostilities ceased and continuing to work until his death in 1926.
Walter Solmitz was born in Braunschweig (Brunswick), Germany, 1905 and studied at the Universities of Heidelberg, Berlin and Hamburg; alongside his studies in Hamburg, and for some time afterwards, he was a research assistant at the Kulturwissenschaftliche Bibliothek Warburg (1927-1933); subsequently he became an instructor in Philosophy at the Franz Rosenzweig Foundation in Hamburg; left Germany in the late 1930s and worked for a time in London before going to the United States, where he found employment as a research assistant and teaching fellow at Harvard University, from which he received an MA in 1943. In 1946 he joined the faculty at Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, intially to teach German and later as Associate Professor of Philosophy. With the exception of a year as Senior Research Fellow at the Warburg Institute in London, he remained at Bowdoin until his sudden death in 1962.
Charles Hasler was a typographer and graphic designer and played a significant role in many high-profile exhibitions, displays, poster campaigns and book publishing in Britain from the mid-1930s to the mid-1980s. His main areas of knowledge and expertise lay in typography and printing techniques (including photography) and to a lesser extent book binding. Throughout his career Charles Hasler lectured in typographic design and history and was involved with the education and professional development of print and graphic designers.
Hasler trained during the early 1930s at the University of London Goldsmith's College School of Art and at the Sir John Cass Institute and Westminster School of Art as well as taking some courses at the London County Coucil. After 4 years war service, he was from 1942 to 1951 an exhibition designer for the Ministry of Information and the Central Office of Information working on displays such as 'Dig For Victory', Make Do and Mend' andNation and the Child'. He was also involved with the travelling displays on the exhibition ship the Campania. After the war Hasler was a senior designer and chairman of the Typographic Panel for the Festival of Britain of 1951. Involved with providing guidelines for standardised typographical styles for signage and for the official publications for the Festival, he designed and produced the influential Specimen of Display Letters for use by Festival architects and designers. He specifically worked on `The Sea and Ships' display.
He then worked as a freelance designer producing posters for the British Transport Commission from the 1940s to the 1960s, during which time he was also a consultant for the printing company Waterlow & Sons Ltd for whom he designed their housestyle. He also designed covers, layouts and occasionally contributed articles for publications such as The Penrose Annual, Architectural Review, and The Complete Imbiber (vols 4 - 12, 1961-1971) for Vista Books, and various companies' trade literature as well as many smaller commissions for company logos. He wrote and published articles about typography and printing technique (both contemporary and historical, particularly Victorian colour printing) and in 1979 his The Royal Arms: its graphic and decorative development, a comprehensive work on the development of the styles and decoration of crests in Britain, was published by Jupiter Books. He passionately collected source material in all of these areas the most general of which remain in his archive at MoDA.
Peggy Angus (1904-1993) was a highly inventive designer of flat patterns, an artist, a committed teacher and a socialist. Her belief that art should be available to all and that patronage was beneficial to the artist influenced her lifelong approach to her practice. Equally, she encouraged every type of artistic activity equally. Although best known for her wallpapers, her earlier ceramic tile designs of the late 1940s to early 1960s are an important and, until now, largely overlooked aspect of her work. Many of her tile designs were commissioned for post-war public buildings by leading English modernist architects. As such they are important examples of ideas that were dominant in architecture and design at this time, a desire to humanise modern architecture through the use of colour, art and a range of building materials. Peggy Angus was a gifted artist and teacher who produced inspired designs for tiles for Carters of Poole and her 'bespoke' wallpapers which were created individually and printed for clients and friends. She was a friend and contemporary of Enid Marx, Barnet Friedmann and Edward Bawden, and was married to the architectural historian Sir J M Richards.
The firm was established as E Atkins in 1879 by Edwin Atkins. The firm originally had factories at Church Row, Bethnal Green, London and in Birmingham. It was incorporated in 1922, with Edwin Atkins, his son Claude Cyril Atkins and George Clifton Sunley as shareholders and directors. It later changed its name to Atcraft Ltd, and moved to a factory at the Atcraft Works, Alperton, Wembley in the 1920s. The product range consited mainly of indoor and garden chairs, occasional and garden tables, hall furniture, bureaux, hammocks and camp beds, cots and playpens, prams and invalid chairs. In later years the firm concentrated almost entirely on producing nursery and garden furniture. The firm ceased trading in the 1980s.
Born 1869; District Commissioner, Ikom, Eastern Province, Nigeria; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and Fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 1909-1918; died, 1917.
John Clarke was a Baptist missionary who spent time in Fernando Po (Bioko, Equatorial Guinea), 1841-1847 and Havanna la Mar, Jamaica, 1854.
Born, 1881; educated: Stirling high school; joined the Imperial Yeomanry at the outbreak of the South African War, 1899; joined Central African trading company, the African Lakes Corporation, 1902; posted Blantyre, Nyasaland and later Lilongwe; joined customs service of the West African colony of the Gold Coast, 1906; studied anthropology at Exeter College, Oxford: diploma, 1914, BSc, 1925, and DSc, 1929; assistant district commissioner in Ejura, in the northern region of Asante, 1913; captain in the Gold Coast regiment, 1914; saw action during the invasion of the German colony of Togoland; called to the bar in 1918; assistant colonial secretary and clerk to the legislative assembly, Accra, 1919; special commissioner and the first 'government anthropologist', Asante, 1920; retired from the colonial service, 1928; died, 1938.
Publications:
Folklore, Stories and Songs in Chinyanja (1907)
Hausa Folklore
Elementary Mole Grammar (1918)
Ashanti Proverbs (1916)
Ashanti (1923)
Religion and Art in Ashanti (1927)
Ashanti Law and Constitution (1929)
Akan-Ashanti Folk-Tales (1930)
Tribes of the Ashanti Hinterland (1932)
Born 1840; member of the Essex Field Club; Fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute (RAI), 1881-1923; RAI Council member, 1887-1901; died, 1923.