The Institution was established in 1835. It provided, and continues to provide, pensions and assistance to people connected with the processing, wholesale and retail onshore fish and poultry trades in reduced circumstances. To this end it maintained almshouses at Wood Green, Middlesex from 1850 until after World War II. Part of the grounds of the almshouses were purchased in the 1890s by the Tottenham School Board. From 1869 the Institution also provided Home Pensions (i.e. pensions to those not resident in the almshouses) at £15 per annum.
The Gresham Club was formed on 6 March 1843 as a dining club for the professional classes of the City of London ('merchants, bankers and other gentlemen of known respectability') after the closure of the City of London Commercial Club in February 1843.The Gresham Club acquired the lease of a property on the corner of Lombard Street and St Swithin's Lane, which opened in October 1844. The Club remained at this site until August 1915, when it moved to a plot on Abchurch Lane (Nos 15-17) then owned by the City Parochial Foundation.
The association was founded in 1882, with the object of providing open spaces in the London metropolitan area. It raised money through subscriptions for the purchase and laying out of parks and gardens; it also attempted to persuade local authorities to provide more facilities of this kind. The association also encouraged the conversion of disused churchyards and burial grounds into public gardens.
The Club was founded in 1877 as the General and Central Ward Club to discuss public affairs, especially relating to imperial, civic and guild matters. The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council.
Barbican Library Users (BLU), originally known as the Friends of Barbican Library, was formed by Barbican resident Hazel Brothers in response to the proposal to use the area of the Barbican Centre occupied by Barbican Library for conferences and banqueting and to move the library to another site. The campaign to keep Barbican Library within the Barbican Centre drew much support from Barbican residents and non-residents. At their meeting on on 28 July 1999 the Barbican Centre Committee agreed on commercial grounds that no further action would be taken, but the campaign group continued as Barbican Library Users with the aims of representing the interests of the library's users and to safeguard and promote its facilities and activities. At the time of deposit of these papers (2007), BLU is being re-shaped into a new Friends group.
The Hamburg British Friendly Society was partly administered by Hamburg consulate staff, but the funds were raised from donations by British firms trading in or with Hamburg and the Secretary of the Society was a British businessman living in Hamburg. The aim of the Society was to assist British nationals who fell into financial need while staying in Hamburg.
Founded as the Friendly Society or Club but known as the Centenary Club from 1795, it was a dining club which met successively at the Castle, Paternoster Row, the Half Moon, Cheapside and the London coffee house, Ludgate hill. Many of the club's members held civic office in the City of London.
Established in 1853 as the City Parochial Lay Agency Association, it met at Sion College, London Wall. Its agents were to read the scriptures and promote Christian education in the parishes or districts assigned to them. At a meeting in February 1855 it was recommended that the Association become a City of London auxiliary to the Church of England Scripture Readers' Association, but the minutes end here and there is no record of a final decision.
The City of London Elocution Society met at the Mourning Bush Tavern in St Martin le Grand. It merged with the City of London Discussion Society, to become the City of London Discussion and Literary Society.
The Association was founded in 1838. Former sheriffs of London and of Middlesex, who were not members of the Court of Aldermen, were invited to join. In 1939 the name was changed to The Sheriffs and Past Sheriffs Association and members of the Court of Aldermen could then join. In 1940 the name was changed again to The Sheriffs Association.
The Cogers' Society was founded in 1756 'for discussing questions of public interest' and met for many years at Cogers' Hall, Bride Lane, which was demolished in the 1890s. Members were usually young barristers or politicians eager to gain practice in public speaking. Since the 1890s the Society has met in various taverns in and around the City. The name comes from the Latin 'cogito'.
The County Annuity Association was another venture by John Thomas Barber Beaumont (1774-1841), founder of insurance offices the Provident Life Office and the County Fire Office. No other records are known.
The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council. The Cripplegate ward lies at the north of the City and is both within and without the City wall. The ward contained seven City parish churches: St Mary Aldermanbury, St Alban Wood Street, St Olave Silver Street, St Alphage London Wall, St Michael Wood Street, St Giles Cripplegate and St Mary Magdalen Milk Street.
Established to mine in Nova Scotia and North America, the Association arose out of the General South American Mining Association originally proposed in 1825 to mine in Brazil.
Established in 1833 in Manchester, the Independent Burial Society was taken over by the Liverpool Victoria Friendly Society in 1953.
The London Provincial Assembly was the governing synod of London's Presbyterians. The first meeting was held in May 1647. Between 1647 and 1659 meetings were held at Sion College. The last meeting was held in August 1660.
According to the donor, these notes were probably compiled by journalists working on the Evening News, a daily paper published in London between 1881 and 1980.
The Society was founded "to promote real holiness of heart and life". It usually met at St Giles Cripplegate, but does not appear to be otherwise connected with the church.
The Loyal London Volunteers were a militia unit formed to protect London against the threat of French invasion during the Napoleonic wars.
The Metropolitan United Pawnbrokers' Protection Society (renamed the Metropolitan Pawnbrokers' Protection Society in 1874) was formed some time before 1844 to give legal protection, assistance and advice to pawnbrokers trading in London.
The society was taken over by Liverpool Victoria Friendly Society in 1932.
The National Association of Decorative and Fine Arts Societies organises volunteers to act as church recorders, who inventory the contents of churches and write up their findings, including detailed descriptions and histories.
See http://www.nadfas.org.uk for more information (accessed July 2010).
Queenhithe Ward Club was founded in 1932.
The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council. Queenhithe Ward is on the riverside bounded on the north by Bread Street and Cordwainer wards, east by Vintry Ward, west by Castle Baynard and south by the River Thames. The ward contained six City parish churches: St Michael Queenhithe, St Mary Somerset, St Mary Mounthaw, St Nicholas Cole Abbey, St Nicholas Olave and Holy Trinity the Less.
The marriages took place in Fray Bentos and the surrounding areas of Uruguay and Argentina. The South American Missionary Society was founded in 1844 as the Patagonian Missionary Society, the name was changed in 1864. In the latter part of the nineteenth century legislation made Protestant missionary work very difficult, and the Society focused more on the provision of chaplaincies for exisiting Protestant communities and seamen.
The club was a social club for inhabitants of the parish of St Dunstan in the West, the Liberty of the Rolls and the precinct of Whitefriars. The club was revived in 1851 at which time no meetings had been held for many years.
Vintry Ward Club was established in 1877 and in 1957 became Vintry and Dowgate Wards Club.
The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council.
Vintry Ward lies to the west of the Walbrook on the bank of the River Thames and extends north to Cordwainer Ward and is bounded on the east by Dowgate Ward and on the west by Queenhithe Ward. The ward contained four City parish churches: St Martin Vintry, St James Garlickhithe, St Michael Paternoster Royal and St Thomas the Apostle.
Dowgate Ward lies between Walbrook Ward north, Candlewick and Bridge Within wards east and Vintry Ward west, and extends south to the River Thames. The ward contained two City parish churches: All Hallows the Great and All Hallows the Less.
The society was formed in 1916 by an amalgamation of the Watch and Clock Makers' Benevolent Institution (established 1815, of 35 Northampton Square); the Watch and Clock Makers' Pension Society (established 1817, of 35 Northampton Square) and the Clock and Watch Makers' Asylum (of Waterfall Road, New Southgate). The society maintained an office at 35 Northampton Square until c.1940 though it also took over the Clock and Watch Makers' Asylum (usually known subsequently as "the Homestead").
The Institution assisted old and needy Cumbrians resident in London. Meetings were held at the Albion Hotel, Aldersgate Street.
The Institution was established in 1844 for the relief of 'distressed and decayed licensed Drovers'. In 1904 the Institution was amalgamated with the London Meat Traders' Association to form the London Meat Traders' and Drovers' Benevolent Association, but the Institution 'kept in being' during the period of the lease of Drovers' Hall and of Almshouses in Islington. The lease expired in 1953 when the Institution ceased to exist separately.
The Huguenot Friendly Benefit Society was founded in 1687 as the Society of Parisians. It met at the Norfolk Arms in William Street in the parish of St Matthew Bethnal Green and the membership was limited to 61 persons.
In 1826, a group of members of the licensed victualling trade formed a society, named the Licensed Victuallers' Asylum, to relieve decayed and aged members of their trade, and their wives or widows. The following year, they acquired land in the Old Kent Road, Camberwell, on which they subsequently erected 103 separate dwellings to serve as almshouses. The asylum was incorporated by royal charter in 1842. In 1921, the asylum was renamed the Licensed Victuallers' Benevolent Institution, which last appears in the London Post Office directories in 1960. Its subsequent history is unknown.
The Poulterers' Benevolent Institution had similar purposes to the Fishmongers' and Poulterers' Institution, but there was no administrative connection between them : see A H Eason The story of the Fishmongers' and Poulterers' Institution, pp.12-21.
Born in Great Berkhamsted, 1850; entered University College London, 1867; Demonstrator at University College London; Professor of Anatomy, University College London, 1877-1919; married Jenny Klingberg of Stockholm, god-daughter of the famous soprano Jenny Lind, 1884; three children, but his only son died young; examiner in anatomy at many universities, and to the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons; a founder member of the Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland, and President, 1896-1897; knighted for his services to medical education in London and as inspector under the Vivi-Section Act (1876), 1919; Emeritus Professor of Anatomy, University College London; Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England; LLD, Edinburgh; ScD, Dublin; Fellow of the Zoological Society; a member of various scientific societies overseas; died, 1930. Publications: with others, edited and contributed to Quain's Anatomy (9th and 10th editions) and Ellis's Demonstrations of Anatomy (10th and 11th editions).
The soup kitchen first operated in 1853 and was founded to relieve Jewish poor in Spitalfields, London, taking on premises and providing rations to local recipients.
Harris was a student in the Faculty of Science at University College London from 1886 to 1892.
Born, 1772; son of a Jew born in Holland, who settled in England early in life and became a successful member of the stock exchange; educated in England and Holland; employed in his father's business at the age of fourteen; after his marriage, set up in business for himself and was highly successful; influenced by Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations and became interested in economics; author of a number of influential pamphlets and a leading authority on economic questions; a close friend of both Malthus and John Stuart Mill; a radical, he served as MP for Portarlington, Ireland; died, 1823.
Born in Marton, Cleveland, 1728; became an apprentice to shipowners in Whitby; became master of his own ship, HMS Northumberland, 1759; the following winter, while laid up in Halifax, studied mathematics and attained a sound knowledge of astronomical navigation; went on to become an eminent circumnavigator and made many geographical discoveries, including establishing knowledge of the Southern Pacific; kept a crew at sea without serious losses from sickness and death, which was unusual at that time; killed by natives of Hawaii, 1779.
From c1750 Masters of HM Ships were required by the Admiralty to keep Remark Books of details of coasts and ports they visited. James Cook followed this practice when serving in HMS Pembroke and HMS Northumberland on the North American Station from 1758 to 1762.
Flaxman was born in York on 6 July 1755. He was a sickly child, but showed a great aptitude for drawing. He spent his early life in London and attended the Academy Schools. He became known as a sculptor and draughtsman, with interests in art, architecture, engineering, construction, naval architecture and surveying. In 1787 he fulfilled a cherished ambition of travelling to Rome where he stayed until 1794, when he returned to London, a famous artist. In 1810 he was appointed Professor of Sculpture in the Academy. He died in 1826.
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux: born in 1090, probably at Fontaine-les-Dijon, near Dijon, Burgundy; monk and mystic; founder and abbot of the abbey of Clairvaux; among the most influential churchmen of his time; died at Clairvaux, Champagne, 1153; canonized, 1174.
Written in southern Germany for the use of Dominican nuns.
Christian Gottlob Heyne: born, 1729; German humanist, of the University of Göttingen; died, 1812.
Unknown.
Guido Delle Colonne: born, possibly in Sicily, c1215; jurist, poet, and author of several Latin chronicles and histories, whose version of the Troy legend was important in bringing the story to Italians and, through various translations, into other literatures; a poet of the Sicilian school, a group of early Italian vernacular poets; died, possibly in Sicily, c1290.
Landnámabók (also called Landnáma), the Book of the Settlement: a unique Icelandic genealogical record, probably originally compiled in the early 12th century by Ari Thorgilsson the Learned, although it exists in several later versions. It lists the names of 400 original settlers of Iceland, their Norwegian origins, their descendants, and describes their landholdings with great topographical accuracy. Occasionally, anecdotes of marriages or feuds, or character sketches, are interspersed with the lists of names. The Landnámabók served as the source for many Icelandic sagas.
Author of various works on Iceland, Icelandic language and literature, Britain, and English literature, 1923-1976.
Eggert Ólafsson: born to a farming family at Snaefellsnes, Iceland, 1726; took his bachelor's degree at the University of Copenhagen; interested in natural history and carried out a scientific and cultural survey of Iceland, 1752-1757; poet, antiquarian and advocate of Icelandic language and culture; died at sea in Breida Bay, off the northwest coast of Iceland, 1768. Publication: Reise igiennem Island (2 volumes, 1772) (Travels in Iceland).
'Edda' comprises a body of ancient Icelandic literature contained in two books, the Prose (or Younger) Edda and the Poetic (or Elder) Edda, and constitutes the fullest source for modern knowledge of Germanic mythology. The Prose Edda was written by the Icelandic chieftain, poet,and historian Snorri Sturluson, probably in 1222-1223, and is a textbook intended to instruct young poets in the metres of the early Icelandic skalds (court poets) and to provide the Christian age with an understanding of the mythological subjects referred to in early poetry. The Poetic Edda is a manuscript of the later 13th century, but containing older materials (hence the 'Elder' Edda), and contains mythological and heroic poems of unknown authorship, usually dramatic dialogues in a terse and archaic style, composed from the 9th to the 11th century.
Saint Bonaventure (San Bonaventura): born, c1217; original name Giovanni Di Fidanza (John of Fidanza); entered the University of Paris, 1235; received the master of arts degree, 1243; joined the Franciscan order; studied theology in the Franciscan school at Paris, 1243-1248; named Bonaventure, 1244; leading theologian, minister general of the Franciscan order, and cardinal bishop of Albano; author of several works on the spiritual life; recodified the constitution of his order, 1260; died, 1274.
Written in Italy, perhaps in Venice. The congregation of the canons regular of St George in Alga, Venice, to which the manuscript apparently relates, received its concession from Boniface IX in 1404, and confirmation from Gregory XII in 1407.
Antonio Milledonne: born, 1522; secretary of the Council of Ten in Venice; the Republic's observer at the Council of Trent (1545-1563), whose account of the Council was never published (although a French translation appeared in Paris in 1870); died, 1588.
Rabanus Maurus: born at Mainz, Franconia, in 776 or 784; also called Hrabanus Magnentius; sent to Tours, France, to study under the noted scholar-monk Alcuin, 802; Abbot of the Benedictine abbey of Fulda, 803; developed it into a leading European centre of learning, its manuscripts and works of art making it among the richest literary conservatories in western Europe; Archbishop of Mainz; theologian, scholar and poet, whose work so contributed to the development of German language and literature that he received the title Praeceptor Germaniae ('Teacher of Germany'); died at Winkel, 856.