William Chalmers was a merchant and shipper at Gibraltar, where he also acted as victualler to the garrison.
No historical information has yet been located for this association.
Born 1895; educated at Ampleforth and University College, Oxford; commissioned into C Battery (14 Lancashire), Royal Field Artillery, Territorial Force, (3 West Lancashire Bde), 1915; served in World War One, 1914-1918; Lt, 1916; attached to Royal Flying Corps, 1916-1917, and served in Aden and Salonika; temporary Capt, 1919-1921; service in Egypt and Palestine to assess educational requirements of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, 1919-1921; Royal Army Educational Corps, 1921-1956; Capt, 1921; General Staff Officer 3, General Headquarters, Egyptian Expeditionary Force, 1921-1922; Education Officer, London District, 1923-1931; visit to the Army of the Irish Free State, 1926; Education Officer, Headquarters Presidency and Assam District, India, 1931-1938; Brevet Maj, 1935; tour of Tibet, 1937; Education Officer, Headquarters Home Counties, 1938-1939; Maj, 1939; served World War Two, 1939-1945; posted to Royal Army Educational Corps Depot, Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, 1939- 1940; Staff Capt, War Office, 1940-1941; Education Officer, Headquarters Edinburgh Area, 1941-1943; Lt Col, 1943; Chief Education Officer, British North Africa Force and Central Mediterranean Force, 1943-1945; General Staff Officer 1 (Education), Headquarters Northumbrian District, 1945-1947; Chief Education Officer, British Troops in Egypt, 1947-1949; Col, 1947; Commandant, Army College, Wellbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, 1949-1951; Chief Education Officer, Headquarters Northern Command, 1951-1953; temporary Brig, 1953; Chief Education Officer, Headquarters, Northern Army Group, British Army of the Rhine, 1953-1956; Honorary Brig, 1956; retired, 1956; member of Claro Divisional Education Executive, 1956-1960; awarded CBE, 1957; examiner for the First Class Army Certificate of Education, 1957; Honorary Secretary of the United Services Catholic Association; died 1970.
Sir Joseph Austen Chamberlain was born in Birmingham in 1863 and was the elder son of Joseph Chamberlain (1836-1914), industrialist, Mayor of Birmingham, Member of Parliament and several times Minister of the Crown. He was also half-brother to Neville Chamberlain (1869-1940), Prime Minister.
Austen Chamberlain's Parliamentary career spanned 1892-1937, and he was deeply involved in party, national and international politics as the supporter of his father, as a leader in the Conservative/Unionist party and as elder statesman. He held offices including Junior Whip, 1893; Civil Lord of the Admiralty, 1895-1900; Financial Secretary to the Treasury, 1900-1902; Postmaster General, 1902-1903; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1903-1905 and 1919-1921; Secretary of State for India 1915-1917; Leader of the House and Lord Privy Seal, 1921-1922; Foreign Secretary, 1924-1929, and First Lord of the Admiralty, 1931. Chamberlain was made a knight in 1925 and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1926.
Postgraduate medical education in London is deeply indebted to the Chamberlain family. Joseph Chamberlain was responsible for the foundation in 1899 of the London School of Tropical Medicine for which Sir Austen Chamberlain at a later date raised an endowment fund. Neville Chamberlain, as Minister of Health, laid the foundation stone of the School in 1926 and in 1932, Sir Austen became Chairman of its Court of Governors.
He was a member of the Board of Management of the School and regularly attended the meetings of its Board, giving an immense amount of personal attention both to the business management of the School and to the work of the scientific staff; instrumental in incorporating the Ross Institute in the School, 1934; and worked to secure the School's endowment, donations and subscriptions.
It was perhaps typical of the pains he took to make himself intimate with the affairs of the School that, whatever the other claims on his time might be, he invariably attended the annual Students' dinner and devoted his whole evening to talking with individual students. Sir Austin died in 1937.
A.R. Chamberlayne was a London solicitor who from time to time opened offices elsewhere and entered into various partnerships. He also dealt in real estate on his own account. So far as possible the books and papers dealing with these two activities are listed separately but it seems that a clear-cut distinction between them was not always maintained.
Indentures: Each indenture has a heading, followed by the names and designations of the Rector and Churchwardens. On the folded dorse the usual brief details are followed by the name and designation of the Vestry Clerk. As instruments, however, they are in the form of private indentures between the apprentice, his father, and the master, neither the parish nor the charity being parties.
Margaret A Chambers was a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1913-1928.
Raymond Wilson Chambers studied at University College London (UCL), 1891-1899, and was appointed Quain Student in English there in 1899. He stayed at UCL and was Librarian from 1901 to 1922. He was also Assistant Professor in the English Department, 1904-1914. In 1915 he became Reader in English. From 1915 to 1917 he served for a time with the Red Cross in France, and with the YMCA with the British Expeditionary Force in Belgium. In 1922 he became Quain Professor of English at UCL in succession to W P Ker. In 1933 he visited the USA to deliver the Turnbull lectures in Baltimore. He published Widsith: a study in Old English herioc legend in 1912, Beowulf: an introduction to the study of the poem, with a discussion of the stories of Offa and Finn in 1921, Life of More in 1932, Thomas More in 1935, and Man's unconquerable mind in 1939. Chambers retired in 1941 and died in 1942. The fullest account of Chambers' life is given by C J Sisson in the Proceedings of the British Academy, vol xxx (1944), pp 427-39, with a bibliography by H Winifred Husbands.
Raymond Wilson Chambers was born in Yorkshire in 1874. He was educated at the Grocers' Company's School and at University College London. He taught English Literature at University College form 1899 until his death in 1942. Chambers served as president of the Philological Society in 1933 and was honorary director of the Early English Text Society, 1938-1942.
Chambers entered the Navy in 1823 and served in the West Indies from 1824 until 1829, the year in which he became a lieutenant. He went again to the West Indies in 1833 when he was appointed First Lieutenant of the RACER and in 1836 was given charge of the Portuguese prize brigantine VIGILANTI. In 1837 he transferred to the WELLESLEY, flagship in the East Indies, and in 1840 was acting captain firstly of the ALLIGATOR, then of the PELORUS which was stationed at Port Essington, Australia. When the PELORUS was sold at Singapore in 1841, Chambers returned to the WELLESLEY as her First Lieutenant and took part in the latter stages of the First China War, 1839 to 1842. For this service he was promoted to commander and became captain in 1846.
The Bishop of London was held to exercise responsibility for Anglican churches overseas where no other bishop had been appointed. He retained responsibility for churches in northern and central Europe until 1980, but his jurisdiction in southern Europe ceased in 1842 on the creation of the diocese of Gibraltar. In 1980, the Bishop of London divested himself of all overseas jurisdiction and a new diocese of 'Gibraltar in Europe' was established.
Champery is a popular tourist destination and the chaplaincy was established to serve visitors.
Allison Wessels George Champion ('Mahlath' amnyama') was born in 1893. He was known as a campaigner for racial equality, devoting his life to the betterment of Zulu people. Positions held during his career included Natal Provincial Secretary of the Industrial and Commercial Workers' Union; founder member and Provincial President of the African National Congress; Chairman of the then Durban Combined Bantu Advisory Board; and central committee member of Inkatha Kwazulu. He also wrote a regular column for Ilanga (newspaper) entitled 'Okubanwa ngumahlathi' ('As seen by Mahlathi'). Champion died at his home in Chesterville in 1975. He was about to be returned without opposition to a position he had held as a member of the Ningizimu Urban Bantu Council.
Major Sir William Henry Champness was born in March 1873, the son of William John Champness. He married Elizabeth Butler in 1896 and had one son. Elizabeth died in 1939 and Champness married widow Ethel Harding in 1946. He lived at Knole Way, Sevenoaks, Kent. Champness was a solicitor who was involved in several City of London institutions. He was a Master of the Spectalemakers' Company and the Plumbers' Company; President of the City Livery Club; a governor of Bridewell and Bethlem Hospitals and the City and Guilds Institute; Chairman of various City Corporation Committees; a Sheriff of the City of London, 1937-38; one of the Lieutenants of the City from 1917; and an Alderman's Deputy from 1931. He was knighted in 1938. Champness conducted antiquarian research in his spare time and published histories of the Spectablemakers' Company and Plumbers' Company. He died in October 1956.
Biographical information from 'CHAMPNESS, Major Sir William Henry', Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920-2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U235642, accessed 1 June 2011].
Born, 1848; educated at Winchester College,1860-1866, and at Brasenose College, Oxford, 1866-1870, medical student at St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1870-1875; MD, 1888; Radcliffe travelling fellowship of Oxford University; member of the Royal College of Physicians, 1876, and fellow, 1882; member of the board for the examination of midwives of the Obstetrical Society of London (OSL), 1882; assistant obstetric physician to St George's Hospital and Obstetric Physician to the General Lying-in Hospital, York Road, 1880; Obstetric Physician to St George's, 1885; Physician Accoucheur to St Bartholomew's Hospital, 1891-1913; Chairman of the OSL, 1891-1895; President of the OSL, 1895; Chairman of the Central Midwives' Board, 1902-1930; retired 1913; died, 1930.
Sir Weldon, who assumed his mother's maiden name as an additional surname in 1924, qualified MB, BCh from Oxford and trained at St Bartholomew's. After serving as Assistant Medical Officer of Health at Willesden in North London,he joined the Ministry of Health in 1927 and was Deputy Chief Medical Officer of Health from 1940 to his retirement in 1956. Among the subjects upon which Sir Weldon reported to the Ministry were undulant fever (brucellosis) and tuberculosis of bovine origin. From 1937 to 1939, he was a member of the Interdepartmental Committee on the Nursing Services, whose interim report (G.6) laid the foundations for all subsesquent improvements in nursing. Work on a final report was curtailed by the outbreak of the Second World War, as were Sir Weldon's investigations into the use of snake venom for pain relief and the treatment of epilepsy. He was President of the Royal Society of Medicine's Comparative Medicine Section 1954/1955. He also undertook work for the international medical community, reporting on bovine tuberculosis to the International Bureau of Public Hygiene (F.12) and representing New Zealand on the Bureau's Permanent Committee (this body was later absorbed into the World Health Organisation). He was President of the Joint Food and Agriculture Organisation / World Health Organisation Committee on Brucellosis, and did much to further the cause of veterinary education by his active support of the Royal Veterinary College and the Veterinary Educational Trust. After his retirement, Sir Weldon became President of the Haemophilia Society. After his move to Oxford in 1964 he was closely involved in the work of the Oxford Haemophilia Centre. He died in 1980.
Olive Chandler (fl 1945) appears to have had an interest in several women's groups in the period at the end of the Second World War. She apparently contacted both the National Council of Women and the National Federation of Women's Institutes to gain more information about their structures and their aims before collecting the material that they, in turn, sent her.
Born 1922; educated Sherborne, Trinity College, Cambridge; Military Service 1942-1946; Captain, 60th Rifles; Political Welfare Executive, Cairo, 1942; Special Operations Executive (Force 133) Greece, [1943-1944]; Anglo-Greek Information Service, West Macedonia, 1945; Press Officer, Volos and Salonika, 1946; BBC Foreign News Service, 1949-1951; Financial Times, 1951-1956; Commonwealth Fund Fellow, Columbia University, New York, 1953-1954; Shell International Petroleum Company, 1957-1978.
This company of insurance brokers of London was acquired by Harrisons and Crosfield Securities Limited (CLC/B/112-075) in 1961. At the same time Chandler, Hargreaves, Whittall (Underwriting Agencies) Limited was formed as underwriting agents at Lloyd's.
In 1975 the life assurance portfolio of Chandler, Hargreaves, Whittall and Company was merged with Henderson Admin Limited, to form a jointly owned new company: Chandler, Henderson Financial Services Limited. In 1978 Chandler, Hargreaves, Whittall and Company Limited acquired Lloyd's underwriting agency of Harris and Graham and it was restyled Chandler Graham Limited. In 1990 the Company was sold as part of Harrisons and Crosfield Limited's general trading division.
Chandlers Limited was incorporated in South Africa in 1902. It operated in association with Courage and Company from 1950. The name was changed to Union Breweries Limited, South Africa, in 1954. The company merged with South African Breweries Limited in 1956; whereupon Courage and Barclay withdrew from the partnership and the London committee was dissolved in 1957.
Abul-Qasim Khalaf ibn al-Abbas al-Zahravi, known in the West as Albucasis or Abulcasis, was born in 936. He was an Andalusian physician, surgeon, chemist and scientist. He is considered the father of modern surgery and is famous for his original breakthroughs in surgery, his invention of several surgical instruments, and for the Kitab al-Tasrif, a thirty volume encyclopedia of medical practices. He died in 1013.
John Channing was born in London, in c 1703. He was apprenticed to his father, also John Channing, an apothecary, in 1718. He purchased premises in Essex Street, off the Strand, and maintained an apothecary shop until his death in 1775. He was accomplished in translating and editing Arabic texts, and translated the Al-Zahravi surgical volumes into Latin. They were published in 1778.
Thomas Hancock Arnold Chaplin was born in Fulbourn, Cambridgeshire, on 30 August 1864, the youngest son of Abraham Thomas Chaplin, a nonconformist farmer and merchant. Chaplin was educated at Tettenhall College, near Wolverhampton, and Llandaff House, Cambridge. He then entered St John's College, Cambridge, in 1883, and in 1886 took a degree in natural sciences. He studied medicine for three years, undertaking his clinical studies at St Bartholomew's Hospital, and graduated MB in 1889. In the same year he became a house physician at the City of London Hospital for Diseases of the Chest.
In 1892 Chaplin became a member of the Royal College of Physicians. In the same year he was appointed as registrar and pathologist at the City of London Hospital. In 1893 he was appointed assistant physician at the Hospital, and in the same year graduated MD from Cambridge. Between 1893 and 1904 Chaplin was also assistant physician at the East London Hospital for Children. He was furthermore physician in London for the Ventnor Consumption Hospital and physician to the Eastern Dispensary. In 1894 he published, with Sir Andrew Clark and Wilfred James Hadley, a textbook on Fibroid Diseases of the Lung.
Chaplin conducted his private practice in the City, and acted as medical adviser to many City banks, commercial firms and shipping companies. In 1902 he became a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, and in the same year co-authored The Science and Art of Prescribing (1902), with E.H. Colbeck. In 1903 he was appointed medical inspector to the P&O Company, and held the position for 35 years. He was also medical inspector to the New Zealand Shipping Company and the British India Steam Navigation Company. While he held these appointments many improvements were made to the efficiency of medical service at sea. Chaplin was also medical adviser to the Chamber of Shipping, and twice chaired a committee set up by the Board of Trade for the revision of drugs to be carried on board ship.
Chaplin had a love for English and French historical literature, and his studies of the exile of Napoleon I on the island of St Helena made his name known to the public. He wrote The Illness and Death of Napoleon Bonaparte (1913), and later A St Helena Who's Who (1914). In 1917-18 Chaplin delivered the FitzPatrick Lectures at the Royal College of Physicians, on the history of medicine. In 1918 he was appointed as the College's Harveian Librarian, a position he was `admirably suited' to, due to his love of old books and interest in literature (Munk's Roll, 1955, p.437). In 1918 he had published, with the help of his wife, an illustrated version of the Lives of the Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians of London (Munk's Roll), which included engraved portraits of the fellows. In 1922 he delivered the Harveian Oration. In the same year he retired from the active staff of the City of London Hospital, after 29 years service, and became consulting physician.
Chaplin was a collector of portraits of medical men, and he gave to the Royal College of Physicians 250 portraits, and 350 to the Medical Society of London. He addressed the Medical Society twice on the subject of engraved portraits of medical men. He was president of the History of Medicine Section of the Royal Society of Medicine in 1936.
Chaplin had married Margaret Douie in 1909, but they had no children. His wife died in 1938. Chaplin died in Bedford, on 18 October 1944, at the age of 80.
Publications:
Fibroid Diseases of the Lung, including Fibroid Phthisis, Thomas Hancock Arnold Chaplin, Sir Andrew Clark, & Wilfred James Hadley (London, 1894)
The Science and Art of Prescribing, Thomas Hancock Arnold Chaplin & E.H. Colbeck (1902)
History of the College Club at the Royal College of Physicians of London. With a Continuation of the History from 1909 to 1926 by A. Chaplin, Joseph Frank Payne; Thomas Hancock Arnold Chaplin (London, 1909; 1926)
The Illness and Death of Napoleon Bonaparte, a Medical Criticism (London, 1913)
Thomas Shortt, with Biographies of some other Medical Men associated with the Case of Napoleon, 1815-1821 (London, 1914)
A St Helena Who's Who; or, a Directory of the Island during the Captivity of Napoleon (London, 1914; 2nd ed. 1919)
The Roll of the Royal College of Physicians of London; Illustrated with Portraits Collected and Inlaid by A. and M.D. Chaplin, William Munk; Thomas Hancock Arnold Chaplin & Margaret Douie Chaplin (London, 1918)
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Portraits, Busts, Silver and Other Objects of Interest... [& a List of Portraits of Fellows to be found elsewhere] (London, 1926)
A Catalogue of the Engraved Portraits of British Medical Men; compiled by H. Bruen. With Additions and an Index of Painters and Engravers by A. Chaplin and W.J. Bishop, H. Bruen (London, 1930)
A Handlist of the Portraits of British Medical Men Engraved in Mezzotint (London, 1931)
Born, [1900]; joined a food company, [1917]; Management Consultant and University of London Extension Lecturer in Commerce and Business Management.
Born in 1899; 2nd Lt, Royal Artillery, 1919; Lt, 1921; Lt Instructor in Gunnery, Northern Command, 1932; Capt, 1932; Capt Instructor in Gunnery, Northern Command, 1932-1934; Instructor in Gunnery, Malta, 1935-1937; Instructor in Gunnery, School of Anti-Aircraft Defence, 1937-1939; Maj, 1938; served in World War Two with Royal Artillery in North Africa; Wg Cdr, RAF Regt, 1946; Senior Regt Officer in charge of Ground Defence, HQ Air Command, Far East, 1948; Gp Capt, 1950; retired 1952; died in 1982.
John Chapman was born in Ruddington, near Nottingham, in 1821. He became an apprentice watchmaker, and attended the local Pestalozzian Institute where he heard lectures advocating political reform. In 1842 he studied medicine in Paris and practised as a surgeon, before purchasing a London publishing business in 1844. In 1857 he qualified as a physician and practised medicine alongside his publishing and literary work. He was the owner and editor of the Westminster Review (1851-1860).
Unknown
Chapman was the solicitor to the Boot and Shoe Trades Protection Society.
Charing Cross Hospital was established in 1823 in Villiers Street, London, as a charitable institution known as the West London Infirmary. The institution had its orgins in a meeting initiated by Dr Benjamin Golding in 1818. The infirmary provided accommodation for twelve beds, and became known as Charing Cross Hospital in 1827.
A new building was opened in Agar Street in 1834 with accommodation for twenty-two students, and was extended several times.
After the second world war it was decided that the hospital should move out of cental London, and in 1957 a link was proposed with Fulham and West London Hospitals. The new Charing Cross Hospital was opened in 1973 on Fulham Palace Road, on the site of the old Fulham Hospital.
John Howship (1781-1841) was assistant surgeon, 1834-1836, and then surgeon, 1836-1841, to Charing Cross Hospital. His casebooks contain notes and letters concerning patient cases, and some illustrations.
Charing Cross Hospital was founded by Dr. Benjamin Golding in 1818 and initially known as West London Infirmary (not to be confused with West London Hospital, see H79). For most of its history it was located near Charing Cross, just off The Strand in Agar Street and provided a service in central London until its move to a new building in Fulham in 1972. Its site in the heart of London's 'Theatre Land' led it to be known as the 'Actors' Hospital'.
The idea of moving Charing Cross Hospital from its Agar Street site was being considered as far back as 1936. In 1957 the Ministry of Health proposed building on the site of the Fulham Hospital and merging the Fulham (see H77), West London (see H79) and Charing Cross hospitals in one. The proposal was accepted in July 1958. Planning of the new complex started in 1959 and construction work began in 1968.
The first phase of the new hospital became operational in January 1973. Early in 1973 both the old Charing Cross Hospital and the Fulham Hospital closed down completely and patients were transferred to the new Charing Cross Hospital. West London Hospital remained open until the new hospital complex was finished, although it ceased to be a District General Hospital when Accident and Emergency services moved to the new Charing Cross Hospital.
The new Charing Cross Hospital was officially opened by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II on 22nd May 1973. In 1974 the main building in the new hospital complex, the 18 storey tower block, had 650 beds and there were 10 operating theatres.
Charing Cross was one of the first hospitals to start formal training for nurses and the Nursing School was inaugurated in 1889. A new building for the School of Nursing on the Charing Cross Hospital site was opened by Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent in September 1970. In 1974 the School of Nursing provided facilities for the training of up to 480 student and pupil nurses and other nursing staff on 'in-service' or post-certificate programmes.
In the NHS reorganisation of 1974 the hospital became part of the new South Hammersmith Health District. Since 2007 Charing Cross Hospital has formed part of the Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust.
Charing Cross Hospital was established in 1823 in Villiers Street, London, as a charitable institution known as the West London Infirmary. The institution had its orgins in a meeting initiated by Dr Benjamin Golding in 1818. The infirmary provided accommodation for twelve beds, and became known as Charing Cross Hospital in 1827.
From the outset it was intended that the hospital would provide medical training for students, and a plan of medical education was drawn up in 1822. A new hospital building was opened in Agar Street in 1834 with accommodation for twenty-two students.
A separate medical school building was opened in Chandos Place in 1881, and enlarged in 1894 with additional laboratories. In 1911, the pre-clinical training was transferred to the University laboratories at King's College.
During the Second World War the Medical School was evacuated to Chaulden House, Boxmoor, and returned to Charing Cross in 1947.
A new hospital was opened in 1973 on Fulham Palace Road, on the site of the old Fulham Hospital, with accommodation for the Medical School. A new medical school building, the Reynolds Building, was opened in 1976.
The Charing Cross Hospital Medical School merged with the Westminster Medical School in 1984, and became known as the Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School. The School became part of Imperial College School of Medicine on its formation in 1997.
The Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway was opened in 1907, running from Charing Cross to Golders Green with a branch line from Camden to Highgate. The line was unusual for the depth of the tunnels, the deepest point is under Hampstead Heath where the line is 250 feet below the surface. In 1923 the line was extended to Hendon and then Edgware in 1924. In the same year the line was linked to that of the City and South London Railway which ran between Clapham Common and Euston via the City. After the lines joined further extensions were made (to Morden in the south, High Barnet and Mill Hill East in the north, and a link between Charing Cross and Kennington) and the two railways were integrated into one system. In 1937 the line was renamed as the Northern Line.
The Charitable Association was born out of the need for those without good financial security to enter into loan agreements without the penalty of unreasonably high interest rates. The Association put into practice the charter licensed to them by George I in 1725.
The Charity was founded in 1799 by Sarah Leheup who in her will left four thousand pounds of East India Stock, the interest from which was to be used to assist women who had been reduced from better circumstances.
In 2010 the charity was amalgamated into Elizabeth Finn Care, also known as Turn2Us.
Charity Organisation Society (COS): During the 1860s there was a concern that self-help and charity could conflict. It was believed that the poor could best be helped through the use of charity funding, to help themselves. In June 1868 at a meeting if the Society of Arts, the Unitarian minister Henry Solly (1813-1903) gave a public lecture entitled "How to deal with the Unemployed Poor of London and with its 'Rough' and Criminal Class". This led to the formation of the Charity Organisation Society in 1869, with Solly as its first Secretary. The aim of COS was a better standard of administering charity relief, emphasising the need for self help, and accompanying it with personal care. COS became involved in administering charity relief in London, and in the 20th century was associated with the introduction and development of social casework in Britain. The social reformer Beatrice Webb (1858-1943) became a member in 1883, and the housing reformer Octavia Hill (1838-1912) was a key figure in the development of the COS until her death.
The company originated circa 1812 as Lawson and Barker, a partnership between James Lawson the printer of The Times, and Charles Barker. The location of its first office is uncertain but from evidence in directories and a letter book (Ms 20011) it was established at 12 Birchin Lane by 1826. The partnership seems to have been dissolved circa 1834, since directory entries from 1835 appear under Barker, and letters in the letter book are signed in the name of Charles Barker only from December 1833. In 1856 the business moved to 8 Birchin Lane. In 1859 Charles Barker died and in 1860 the style of the firm was changed to Charles Barker and Sons, advertising agents. In 1913 it was incorporated as a private limited company, and moved to 2 White Lion Court, Cornhill. In 1921 it moved to 31 Budge Row, in 1957 to Gateway House, 1 Watling Street, in 1962 to 20 Cannon Street and in 1973 to 30 Farringdon Street.
The original partnership was described variously in directories as 'newsagents', 'newspaper agents' or 'correspondence and advertising agents'. It acted as the advertising agent for The Times and provided newsletters of parliamentary and financial affairs to provincial and foreign newspapers, based upon The Times news service, supplemented by a parliamentary reporting staff of its own.
Commercial and financial advertising rapidly expanded through the foreign loans announcements by merchant banks, the railway 'boom' of the 1830s and '40's, and the advertising of joint stock companies from the 1860s. The firm published the Joint Stock Companies Directory (a forerunner of the Stock Exchange Year Book) from 1867 to 1874. After the first world war the company began to accept customer advertising, notably for Rolls Royce, and in the 1950s to make advertising films. In 1962 a public relations department was formed which joined the financial advertising division in 1968 to form a separate subsidiary, Charles Barker City Limited.
In 1970 other specialised subsidiaries were formed:- Charles Barker Recruitment Limited, Charles Barker Advertising Limited (Consumer) and Charles Barker Films Limited. The company has expanded to provincial cities- Edinburgh, Aberdeen, Birmingham- and, since 1973, overseas to Australia, Canada, Germany etc.
The Park Brewery, Lakedale Road, Plumstead, was established in 1845 and run by L Davis. By 1878 it was known as North Kent Brewery and run by Mitchell and Beasley. In 1887 the brewery was taken over by Charles Beasley; and incorporated in 1943 as Charles Beasley Limited. It was acquired by Courage, Barclay and Simonds in 1963. The brewery closed in 1965; and the company was in voluntary liquidation by 1970.
In 1895 Charles and Richard Bond (known as Shaw and Sons) bought Butterworth and Company. In the next three years they divided up their business so that Charles Bond took over the law publishing side of Shaw and Sons as well as Butterworths. Charles Bond retained personal possession of some titles published by Butterworths on a commission basis and bequeathed them to his son Stanley.
Charles Cox first appears in Bailey's London Directory of 1784 as a merchant at 20 Bartlett's Buildings, Holborn. By 1799 he is described as a marine agent (Holden's London Directory) and later as simply an agent. In 1813 the business moved to 44 Hatton Garden and Charles Cox was joined by his son to become Charles Cox and Son, agents. From the 1830s they are described as either marine and navy agents or royal marine agents, and their last appearance is in the 1854 Post Office Directory. The 1855 Post Office Street Directory lists 'Tear Laming Warren (successor to Charles Cox and Son), marine agent' at 44 Hatton Garden.
This firm of chronometer, clock and watch makers was established circa 1834 by Charles Frodsham (1810-1871), son of William James Frodsham who was co-founder of Parkinson and Frodsham. In 1837 Charles Frodsham was renting premises at 12 The Pavement, Finsbury, moving a year later to 7 The Pavement, Finsbury. Following the death of John Roger Arnold in 1843, Frodsham took over Arnold's business and premises at 84 Strand. When Frodsham himself died in 1871 the business was continued by his son. The last Frodsham to be involved with the firm died in 1928. Charles Frodsham and Co Ltd became a subsidiary of Devon Instruments in 1977.
The firm was known as Charles Frodsham c 1834-1843; Arnold and Frodsham 1843-1858; Charles Frodsham 1858-84; Charles Frodsham and Co 1884-1893, and Charles Frodsham and Co Ltd 1893- . It traded from 12 The Pavement, Finsbury 1837; 7 The Pavement, Finsbury 1838; 84 Strand 1858-1895; 115 New Bond Street 1896-1914; 27 South Molton Street 1914-1941; 62 Beauchamp Place 1942-1945; 173 Brompton Road 1946-1973; 4-5 South Audley Street 1974-1977; and Topsham, Devon 1977-.
James Penfold of Sussex set up business as a stockbroker in London circa 1790, joining with Francis Baily of Berkshire in 1799 to form Penfold and Baily. After the death of James Penfold in 1804, Francis Baily continued the business at their premises in 13 Angel Court, taking his brother, Arthur, into partnership with him. In 1810, Francis Baily was elected to the Committee of the London Stock Exchange. He retired from the firm in 1827. In 1841, Arthur Baily took Charles Hammond into partnership. The firm was formerly known as James Penfold, circa 1790-9; Penfold and Baily, 1799-1804; Francis and Arthur Baily, 1804-1827; Arthur Baily, 1828-1841; Baily and Hammond, 1841-1856 and Charles Hammond, 1856-1879. The offices were moved to 6 Angel Court in 1847, 15 Angel Court in 1870 and to 3 Copthall Buildings in 1914. The firm was dissolved in 1961.
Charles Kinloch and Company Limited, wine merchants, were based at Park Royal, formerly Queensbury Road, Wembley. By 1956 they had a majority share-holding in H and G Watts (1935) Limited and owned John Porter Goldsmith Limited, A Fielding and Burchall Limited and Shortridge Lawton and Company Limited.
They were acquired by Courage and Barclay in 1957; and absorbed Windsor Wine Cellars and Anchor Vaults in the same year. They took over Wyld and Company Limited and Dunlop and Mackie as non-trading subsidiaries in 1961-1962. The company celebrated its centenary in 1961. In 1963 it bought part of Saccone and Speed.
Charles Lester and Company Limited was registered in 1946 as general traders. Part of the share capital was held by Harrisons and Crosfield Limited (CLC/B/112-001). In 1985/6 Charles Lester and Company Limited went into voluntary liquidation.
This letter has 'strayed' from official custody and become separated from the records of the Westminster Quarter Sessions among which it would have been expected to be found. It has therefore been catalogued separately, although a copy can be found in the main series of records.
The company was established in 1844 by Francis Berryman who, with his partner, managed Bide and Berryman. In 1866 Charles R. Burnell replaced William Bide. From 1884 the company was known as Berryman, Burnell and Company. It was incorporated in 1886. The name was changed to Charlton Brewery Company Limited in May 1904. The company was acquired by Bristol United Breweries 1937 and with them by Courage, Barclay and Simonds in 1961. They ceased to brew in 1961 and entered involuntary liquidation in 1963.
Born in 1886; 2nd Lt 12 (Prince of Wales's Royal) Lancers, 1905; Lt, 1907; employed with Egyptian Army, 1913-1914; Capt, 1914; served World War One, France and Belgium, 1914-1918; acting Maj, 1916, 1917-1919; Brevet Maj, 1919; Maj, 1923; General Staff Officer, Grade 3, War Office, 1923; Commander, Company of Gentleman Cadets, Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and General Staff Officer, Grade 2, 1923-1925; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, and temporary Lt Col, 1925-1926; Lt Col, 1927; Commander, 12 (Prince of Wales's Royal) Lancers, 1927-1931; [Commander 6 Midland Cavalry Bde (Territorial Army), 1931-1932]; retired 1932; director of Charringtons Brewery, 1932; member of His Majesty's Bodyguard of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms, 1935; recalled to service, and served in World War Two, 1939-1945; General Staff Officer, Grade 1, Aldershot Command, [1939-1940]; Commander 1 Armoured Bde, Middle East and Greece, 1940-1941; Commander Fighting Vehicles Section, General Headquarters, Cairo, Egypt, May-Jul 1941; invalided back to England, Jul 1941; Commander of an Armoured Div, 1941-1943; Honorary Brig, 1943; retired, 1943; Personal Assistant to FM Alan Francis Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke, Chief of the Imperial General Staff, 1945[-1946]; died 1965.
Charter 87, or Charter 87 for Refugees, was a human rights group in existence between the years 1987 and 1997. It was concerned with human rights issues pertaining to refugees and asylum seekers. Charter 87 also sought the incorporation of the 1951 UN Convention on the Status of Refugees into British Law.
The Chartered Accountants' Benevolent Association was founded in 1886 to 'provide for the relief of necessitous persons who are or have been members of either ICAEW or the former Society of Incorporated Accountants and their dependents'.
It was based at Moorgate Place (1886-1965), City House, 56-66 Goswell Road (1965-c.1982) and 301 Salisbury House, London Wall (c.1982-2001). In 2001 it moved to 3 Cottesbrooke Park, Heartlands, Daventry.
The Chartered Accountants' Charities Ltd was set up by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England and Wales in 1955, based at Moorgate Place, to act as trustee for the Institute Prize Trust Fund and the Chartered Accountants' General Trust Fund. Its directors were taken from the ICAEW's Finance Committee. In 1962 it also became trustee of the Chartered Accountants' Investment Pool for Educational Endowment.
The Chartered Accountants Students' Society of London was founded in 1883. It aims to represent trainee accountants and aid trainees through the provision of education facilities.