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The Society of Pension Consultants (SPC) was formed in 1958 by the Insurance Brokers Organisation and is the representative body in the UK for the providers of advice and services needed to establish and operate occupational and personal pension schemes and related benefit provision. SPC's Members include accounting firms, solicitors, life offices, investment houses, investment performance measurers, consultants and actuaries, independent trustees and external pension administrators. Slightly more than half the Members are consultants and actuaries. The SPC is the only body in the UK to focus on the whole range of pension related functions across the whole range of non-State provision, through such a wide spread of providers of advice and services.

Source of information: www.spc.uk.com.

Founded in 1828 by A J Kempe (1785?-1846) and Thomas Crofton Croker (1798-1854), the Society was a convivial club composed of members of the Society of Antiquaries of London. It was dedicated to archaeology and to 'sciences comical and gastronomical'. Other members included Robert Lemon (1779-1835), William Jerdan (1782-1869), John Bowyer Nichols (1779-1863), John Bruce (1802-1869), and Samuel Cowper Brown, MRCS, 'physician in ordinary to the Society'.

Medical services within the counties of London and Middlesex were directed by the County Medical Officer of Health, who managed various medical officers including doctors, dentists, nurses, technical staff and clerical staff. The County Health Department's work included maternity and child health services, care and aftercare of the ill, prevention of illness, health education, school health services, mental health services and health control.

The Metropolitan Association of Medical Officers of Health was established on 3 April 1856 as a professional association for medical officers of health. The name was changed to the Society of Medical Officers of Health in 1873, and to the Society of Public Health in 1989.

In 1793 a group of members of the licensed victualling trade decided to form themselves into a friendly society for the mutual benefit of publicans and the relief of sick, infirm and distressed members of the licensed victualling trade and their families. A formal agreement of association was signed on 3 February 1794 which was subsequently incorporated by royal charter on 3 May 1836.

The Society established its own daily newspaper, the Morning Advertiser, in order to promote its interests and to add to its funds. The first issue was launched from its offices in Catherine Street, the Strand on 8 February 1794. In 1815, after 21 years of regular publication, the offices and works were moved to 127 Fleet Street where they remained until 1927 when new premises were acquired in St Andrew Street, London EC4.

By 1802, the Society had acquired sufficient funds to establish a school in Kennington Lane for children of distressed, decayed and deceased members of the licensed victualling trade. New premises were built in 1837 on freehold land adjacent to the old site and, in 1921, the school removed to Slough, Buckinghamshire, where it remains.

The Society of Licensed Victuallers' offices moved to 57 Effra Road, London SW2 in 1975.

The Society of Labour Lawyers was founded in 1949 by Gerald Gardiner and others. It is affiliated to the Labour Party and its membership comprises solicitors, barristers, lay magistrates, law teachers and students of law who are also members of the Labour Party. The society has been very active in the cause of law reform since its foundation, producing several influential publications on the subject including Law Reform Now (1963), Law reform for all (1996) and Furthering justice (2005).

The Society was formed in 1873 to 'promote sympathy and mutual help' among younger clergy and give the opportunity 'of freely discussing matters of practical interest in parish work'. Meetings were held at various churches, vestry halls, colleges, St Paul's Chapter House and, from 1889, at Sion College.

The Society of Friends (also known as Quakers) was a Protestant denomination that arose in England in the mid-17th century. The Society was founded by George Fox, a Nottingham shoemaker turned preacher, who emphasized inward apprehension of God, without creeds, clergy, or other ecclesiastical forms. The movement grew rapidly after 1650 but its members were often persecuted or imprisoned for rejecting the state church and refusing to pay tithes or swear oaths. Nevertheless, by 1660, there were 20,000 converts. Persecution continued, and many quakers emigrated to America, where they found toleration in Rhode Island and in the Quaker colony of Pennsylvania, which was chartered by Charles II under the sponsorship of William Penn in 1681. Marks that became characteristic of Quakerism were plain speech and dress, pacifism, and opposition to slavery.

Devonshire House Monthly Meeting was established in 1667 as a constituent meeting of London and Middlesex Quarterly Meeting. From 1 April 1943 it united with the Tottenham Monthly Meeting under the style Devonshire House and Tottenham Monthly Meeting.

The constituent meetings of the Devonshire House Monthly Meeting were: Barnet Grove, 1924-43; Bunhill Fields, 1889-1943; Devonshire House, 1667-1925; Gracechurch Street, 1850-62; Hoxton, 1916-24; Peel, 1860-1926; Stoke Newington, 1850-1943; and Wheeler Street, 1667-1742.

The Manuscripts Section also holds records of the Devonshire House Preparative Meeting, and records of the Gracechurch Street and Peel Preparative Meetings, which became part of the Devonshire House Monthly Meeting in 1850 and 1860 respectively.

Appointed at Society of Friends yearly meeting, 1915, to help and advise members who wished to take up special work during war-time; became responsible for organising the Society's resistance against the introduction of conscription, 1916, and for campaigning on behalf of conscientious objectors.

The Society of Finsbury Archers were founded in 1652 by members of the Honorable Artillery Company who were all keen archers and wanted to revive this declining skill. Finsbury Fields, north of Moorgate, had long been used for archery practice thanks to its famous 'Marks', targets (as many as 194) set up throughout the fields for archers to shoot at. As well as practising in the Fields, the Society of Finsbury Archers also held 3 tournaments every year, known as the Easter Targets, Whitsun Targets and Yarly or Elevenscore Targets. The Society was dissolved in 1737 due to the decline of the practice of archery and the loss of the Fields, which were increasingly built up, and the Marks lost.

Source of information: http://www.bowyers.com/longbow/williamWood.html (accessed July 2010).

The Society of East India Commanders acted as a friendly society and also represented the interest of the commanders of East India Company ships to the East India Company. The Society was probably formed in 1773 when it met at the Queen Arms Tavern in St Paul's Churchyard. In 1775 it moved to the Antwerp Tavern and then met, from 1780, at the Jerusalem Coffee House.

In 1767 Licentiates of the Royal College of Physicians established the Society of Collegiate Physicians, a dissentient body agitating for a change in the College rules. Fellows were not to be admitted to its membership. The Society wound up in 1798.

The Society of Apothecaries was incorporated by royal charter in 1617; previously apothecaries had belonged to the Grocers' Company in the City of London. The Society's members included apothecaries, chemists and druggists, as well as those unconnected with the trade. Following the Apothecaries' Act of 1815 many medical practitioners, particularly those from outside London, were licenced by the Society after a course of training.

The Society established the Chelsea Physic Garden (see Mss 8228-9, 8234-7, 8268, 8270, 8287). The Society's records also contain those of the Friendly Medical Society, established c 1725 "to establish and preserve a good understanding and friendship" amongst the members of the Society of Apothecaries, (see Mss 8278-80A). The Society's hall in Blackfriars Lane was destroyed in the Great Fire, but re-built shortly thereafter.

The Society of Antiquaries was founded in 1707 for men with an interest in antiquarian pursuits. Originally based in taverns on Fleet Street, the Strand and Chancery Lane, the Society moved to Somerset House in 1781 and Burlington House in 1875.

The Royal Society was founded in 1648 to promote the natural sciences, mathematics, engineering and medicine. The Society was based at Gresham College, then Somerset House from 1780, Burlington House from 1857 and Carlton House Terrace from 1967.

The Society of Anaesthetists for the British Forces in Germany (SABFG) was started in 1977 as a small society for military anaesthetists posted to Germany. Annual scientific meetings were run in West Germany to bring speakers from the UK. The services involved were the Army and the RAF (there being no Royal Navy medical personnel serving in Germany at that time). Meetings were held at the main centres, including RAF Wegburg, and Army Hospitals at Munster and Hannover. The senior service anaesthetists who supported the Society in Germany were John Restall (Army) and Colin MacLaren (RAF). Both were active members of the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland, and there were strong links between the Association and its members in the military forces: at that period the Association always had an anaesthetist from one of the services co-opted to Council. Professor James Payne served as President from 1977 until 1986 and Dr Peter Baskett from 1986 until the Society ceased being in 1993 (the result of military changes following the fall of the Berlin Wall and the re-unification of Germany). The Society became incorporated with the Tri Service Society of Anaesthetists.

The Society for the Study and Cure of Inebriety was founded in 1884 as a pressure group in response to the inadequacy of the Habitual Drunkards Act of 1879.

In 1946 the Society changed it's name to the Society for the Study of Addiction to Alcohol and other Drugs.

The London Society for Study of Addiction is the London branch of the Society for the Study of Addiction to Alcohol and other Drugs.

The Society's current aims are to promote the communication and spread of scientific knowledge about dependence on drugs and alcohol and other forms of dependence associated with compulsive behaviour, and to encourage the systematic study of the forms of dependence.

The Society jointly sponsors the Dent Lecture with the Department of Pharmacology, Kings College London.

The Society for the Relief of the Houseless Poor (now known as Western Lodge, also referred to as the Nightly Shelter or Asylum for the Houseless Poor, the Association for the Relief of the Houseless Poor and the Houseless Poor Society) was founded in January 1820, the outcome of a public meeting convened to discuss ways of helping those who found themselves without shelter in the City of London, particularly in the winter months. At the meeting Mr Hicks donated his warehouses on London Wall to the charity, and a refuge, or asylum, was set up to provide lodgings and food for the destitute and houseless, funded by donations and bequests from the public. A second asylum in Playhouse Yard, Whitecross Street, Islington, opened in the 1820s.

Residents, or inmates, were housed in separate men's and women's wards, with a straw bed and medical care. The refuge opened at night for a season over the winter months, typically from October/November until March/April. During the nineteenth century it appears that residents were asked to assist the Society's fundraising by preparing and selling bundles of firewood, doing laundry or completing needlework. A chapel was also in operation at the refuge.

The Society opened additional refuges in Glasshouse Street, East Smithfield, City of London (known as the Eastern Asylum) and Upper Ogle Street, Foley Street, Marylebone (known as the Western Asylum) in the 1840s, and the Playhouse Yard Asylum became known as the Central Asylum.

The Central Asylum moved to new premises in Banner Street, Islington in 1870 with accommodation for 550 men, women and children. Between 1903 and 1914 additional asylums were opened for men at Warner Place, Hackney (open from 1903 until the late 1910s) and women at 88 Carlton Vale, Brent (1903-1909), 21 Nutford Place, Marylebone (active 1907 - 1913, closes before 1915), 39 Homer Street (active 1910 - 1913, closes before 1915), 117 Seymour Place (open for the 1910 season only) and 8 Queen Street (open 1913, closes before 1915). At this time the Society also operated a labour yard in Hoxton Street where men could receive food and a ticket for lodgings in return for two hours week.

Tragically a fire at the Banner Street Asylum on 27 Feb 1903 resulted in the death of one of the inmates, and in 1915 the Banner Street Asylum was sold to Bovril Limited, who owned the adjoining buildings. The Society's work was suspended for the duration of the First World War. In 1920 the Society reopened to male residents at Grove Lodge, 3 Highbury Grove, Islington, and then in 1925 relocated to Western Lodge, 84 West Side, Clapham, where temporary accommodation could be provided for around 28 single men. Initially cases were referred to Western Lodge by the Church Army, the Metropolitan Asylum Board, the After Care Association, the British Legion and other organisations, and later cases were sent from Social Services and other agencies. The Society also took in residents who applied in person.

The move to Western Lodge saw a shift in the duration of residence, with residents staying for longer periods of time in single rooms rather than the communal wards of the Banner Street Asylum. Initially a wing for 2-3 women or a mother and child was also available for cases referred by the Night Office of the Metropolitan Asylum Board, but accommodation was eventually restricted to men.

The charity was administered by Trustees who, with a few additional members, formed a General Committee of management. Sub-committees were established to oversee individual Asylums. The Committee Rooms were originally in offices at 75 Old Broad Street and then moved to 6 St. Benet Place, Gracechurch Street (1872-1897), 28 St Martin's Lane (1898), 128/130 Edgeware Road (1900-1905) and 55 Bryanston Street, Marylebone (1905 -1917).

The Church Army had been involved with the Society's work since its establishment in 1882, and in 1898 three members of the Church Army's executive committee (Wilson Carlile, Edward Clifford and Colin Fitzwilliam Campbell) were elected as members of the Society's General Committee, and effectively took over the running of the Society when the original trustees retired in 1900.

In 1915 the Charity Commission approved a scheme to register the Society as a charity. The scheme specified that the Society's trustees should include the nominees of the Bishops of London and Southwark, the Corporation of the City of London, Westminster City Council, the Commissioners of the City of London and Metropolitan Police, and the Church Army. A Board of Trustees replaced the General Committee, managing the Society and the investment of its funds and securities, as well as communicating with the Charity Commission and the purchase and sale of property.

The Trustees appointed a temporary committee in 1915 to appoint a Secretary and investigate how best to conduct the Society's business. This committee became the Executive and Finance Committee in October 1915, and became responsible for arranging for the implementation of the Trustees' principles and methods The Trustees then appointed at House Committee in November 1920, who supervised the work of the Society's Superintendent (or warden), who managed the day-to-day running of the refuge with the assistance of a Matron. The Executive and Finance Committee was absorbed into the House Committee in December 1926, and the Committee was renamed as the Western Lodge Committee.

The Society found it necessary to launch a fundraising appeal in the 1970s, called the Western Lodge Appeal. The appeal aimed to raise £17500 for fire precaution work, repairs, furnishing and decoration to the property.

The work of the asylum was highlighted in an article in Households Words in 1856 (issue 309, 20 Feb 1856) which may have been written by Charles Dickens. The Society's work was also discussed by Friedrich Engels in his 'The Condition of the Working-Class in England in 1844'.

The Society continues to provide temporary accommodation and housing and employment support for single men over 30. The Society moved to new premises at 85 Trinity Road, Tooting, in December 2012 where accommodation is provided for 10 men: the new premises have retained the name Western Lodge.

The Society, established in February 1772 on the initiative of James Neild, jeweller, of London, drew its first funds from the proceeds of a sermon preached in the Charlotte Street Chapel, Pimlico, by the Rev. William Dodd (later notorious for his trial and execution for forgery). William Wilberforce was one of its early supporters. The Society was popularly known as the Thatched House Society' from its regular meeting place, The Thatched House Tavern in St James's Street.

The Society was at first concerned with London prisons only and the greatest number of debtors relieved came from them, but by the 1780s prisoners from gaols in other parts of the country were also being assisted. Neild was troubled about the bad state of the prisons and the minutes contain reports of visits of inspection as well as names and numbers of prisoners assisted.

The Society for the Relief of Distress was founded in 1860 for the relief of distress in London and its suburbs.

The relief was administered by accredited visitors, later known as Almoners. Money was allocated to them to be spent at their discretion leaving the Committee to deal with exceptional cases or those in which more substantial relief was required. The Society is still active in providing assistance for people in the London area, particularly in cases which for one reason or another do not come within the scope of the Welfare Services. Funds are provided by bequests, donations and voluntary contributions.

The Society was formed in 1836, after a previous version, formed in 1828, had apparently been abandoned. Its original aims were: to provide a body of men and equipment (mostly forms of mobile fire escape) to be on hand to assist in rescues from fires; the examination of new inventions in, and the diffusion of information on, fire rescue and safety; and the bestowal of awards (medals, certificates or monetary gifts) for individual acts of bravery in rescuing victims from fire in London.

From 1837, under the patronage of Queen Victoria, the Society was known as the Royal Society for the Protection of Life from Fire, but on her death in 1901 royal patronage was withdrawn. Until 1881 annual or biannual general meetings were usually presided over by the Lord Mayor or other dignitary (in 1856 the Duke of Wellington).

In 1867 the responsibility for the fire escapes in London was transferred to the Metropolitan Board of Works, and the Society moved to provide equipment (but not manpower) to provincial towns and cities. In 1881 the Charity Commissioners were placed in charge of the appointment of trustees to run the Society, whose responsibilities were reduced merely to the granting of awards countrywide (although primarily in London).

The Society's committees originally met at a variety of locations in the City, before having a succession of bases on Ludgate Hill in the 1850s and 1860s. From 1868-73 they were based at Clifford's Inn Passage, Fleet Street; 1873-82 at 66 Ludgate Hill; 1882-1961 at 20 and then 26 New Bridge Street; and from 1961 until at least 1976 at Chichester House, High Holborn.

The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies, generally known as the Hellenic Society, was founded in 1879 to advance the study of Greek language, literature, history, art and archaeology in the Ancient, Byzantine and Modern periods. The first President was J B Lightfoot, Bishop of Durham, Vice Presidents included Lord Morley, Sidney Colvin, and R C Jebb and members of the Council included Sir Charles Dilke MP, Prof B H Kennedy, A J Balfour MP, Oscar Browning and Oscar Wilde.
The Journal of Hellenic Studies was first issued by the Society in 1880 and is internationally recognized as one of the foremost periodicals in the field of Classical scholarship. It contains articles on a wide variety of Hellenic topics, and reviews of recent books of importance to Greek studies. The supplement, Archaeological Reports provides fully illustrated accounts of archaeological work in Greece and other parts of the world that were sites of Greek culture.
The Society is established, together with the Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies in the premises of the Institute of Classical Studies of the University of London. The Society helps to maintain the Joint Library, in conjunction with the Roman Society and the Institute of Classical Studies.

The Society for the Overseas Settlement of British Women (SOSBW) (1919-1962) was established as a direct response to the economic and social position of British women after the end of the First World War. Many women who had been trained for jobs vacated by enlisted men found themselves unemployed after 1918 and in financial hardship. Emigration to parts of the Empire was regarded as a solution to this problem. At this point, the British Government established its Overseas Settlement Committee to deal with general emigration, but when dealing with women emigrants, it was decided the its Overseas Settlement Committee would work through the existing voluntary body, the Joint Council of Women's Emigration Societies (1917-1919). The Joint Council comprised the Colonial Intelligence League, the British Women's Emigration Association and the South African Colonisation Society.

In Dec 1919, aiming to respond to the governments needs more closely, the three amalgamated to form the Society for the Overseas Settlement of British Women. On the new council were representatives from the Girls' Friendly Society, the World's Young Women's Christian Association (YMCA), the ex-Servicewomen's Association and the Women's Labour Organisation, the Women's Catholic Emigration Society, the National Federation of General Workers, the Joint Committee of the Industrial Women's Organisation, the National Amalgamated Society of Women Workers, the Ministry of Labour and the Overseas Settlement Committee. The new organisation advised the Overseas Settlement Committee on government policy regarding emigrating women, as well as assessing an individual's suitability for emigration and overseeing the passage, safety and employment of those chosen.

With the increase of emigration in the 1920s, the organisation grew, creating a junior branch in Jul 1925. It additionally organised tours for schoolgirls of Canada (1928 and 1936) and Australia (1934). These tours ceased upon the outbreak of World War Two when the Council assisted the evacuation of children.

The new Companies Act of 1948 led to a reorganisation and in 1949 the new advisory council, comprised of representatives from: the Ministry of Labour and National service, the Women's Land Services, the Women's Land Army, the Headmistresses' Association, the British Council and the Standing Joint Committee of Working Women's Organisations, also representatives of voluntary societies such as the Family Welfare Association, Girls' Friendly Society, Girl Guides Association, the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA), the Mother's Union, the National Association of Girls' Clubs and Mixed Clubs, the National Council of Social Service, the Victoria League and the National Council of Women. Its remit expanded to include helping women who wished to spend only short periods abroad and assisting with arrangements before and after the voyage. With this in mind, the society was renamed the Women's Migration and Overseas Appointments Society in 1962. However, withdrawal of funding by the Treasury resulted in the end of the society in 1964.

The Society was founded in 1929 as The Society for the Ministry of Women (Interdenominational) to campaign for the admission of women to all official ministry in the Church upon equal terms with men. Agnes Maude Royden (1876-1965) was a founder and first President. Men and women from different denominations, and therefore with different doctrinal perspectives on the ordination of women, were welcome as members. It changed its name to the Society for the Equal Ministry of Men and Women in the Church (Interdenominational) in 1942 and again in 1957 to The Society for the Ministry of Women in the Church (Interdenominational). In Nov 1992 the General Synod of the Church of England voted to allow women to be ordained as priests. With more churches ordaining women, the Society decided to work together for the ministry of the whole people of God and to foster initiatives and exchange experiences in the area of women's ministry - lay and ordained. From 2001, the main thrust of the campaign work concerned the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox and Oriental Churches, with emphasis on ecumenical networking and mutual support. From 1998, the Society sponsored the Ecumenical Coalition of Women Ministers, a small committee made up of two people each from Catholic Women's Ordination, Methodist Women's Forum, Women in Ministry Network of the United Reformed Church, and Women and the Church (WATCH) to enable liaison among these organised groups of women in ministry. Towards the end of the 20th century, interest in the Society declined. It was decided in 2003 to change its name to the Ecumenical Network for Women in Ministry and to move away from a membership organisation to the creation of a network through a mailing list with an annual event for sharing information. This was not successful and the Network was brought to an end in Jan 2005.

The drawing master and social activist William Shipley published a proposal for a fund to support improvements in the liberal arts, sciences and manufactures, with revenues to be raised through subscription, in 1753. The resulting organisation, the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, first met at Rawthmell's coffee house in Covent Garden in 1754. Awards were offered for drawing, and for the production of cobalt and madder (dye). The Society's first medals were awarded in 1756. Early members (after 1914 known as Fellows, or FRSA) included Benjamin Franklin, William Hogarth and Samuel Johnson. In 1757 the Society conferred awards for spinning in workhouses and for carpet manufacture and - in response to severe deforestation over the previous century and to boost the availability of timber for shipbuilding and industry - began to offer prizes for tree-planting. Its awards were divided into classes in 1758: Agriculture, Chemistry, Colonies & Trade, Manufactures, Mechanics and Polite Arts (painting and the plastic arts). The Society soon became informally known as the Society of Arts. It held London's first exhibition of the works of living artists in 1760. After a period in temporary premises, the Society moved in 1774 to premises in the Adelphi (just behind the Strand) designed by Robert Adam, its Great Room decorated with allegorical paintings (1777-1801) by James Barry, where it remains. Its Transactions were first published in 1783.

The President is the titular head of the Society. The Presidents have been: Viscount Folkestone, 1755-1761; Lord Romney, 1761-1793; the Duke of Norfolk, 1794-1815; HRH The Duke of Sussex, 1816-1843; HRH Albert, Prince Consort, 1843-1861; William Tooke, 1862; HRH The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII), 1863-1901; Sir Frederick Bramwell, 1901; HRH The Prince of Wales (later King George V), 1901-1910; Lord Alverstone, 1910; HRH The Duke of Connaught, 1911-1942; Sir Edward Crowe, 1942-1943; E F Armstrong, 1943-1945; Viscount Bennett, 1945-1947; HRH The Princess Elizabeth, 1947-1952; HRH The Duke of Edinburgh, from 1952. Ad-hoc committees set up by the Society discussed a broad range of topics concerned with the programme and administration of the Society. These include the Committee of Correspondence and Papers and the Committee of Miscellaneous Matters. The Council was established in 1845 and formally assumed full responsibility for the Society's management; this body was the same in constitution and personnel as the existing Committee of Miscellaneous Matters. The first Chairman of Council was elected in 1846. Chairmen are elected for two years. The Society was granted a Royal Charter in 1847. Edward VII, as Patron of the Society, granted permission for the term 'Royal' to be used in the Society's title (1908), which became the Royal Society of Arts (RSA). Its many eminent members included George Birkbeck, Charles Dickens and Karl Marx.

Until the mid 19th century the Society offered rewards for innovation. The awards system was discontinued after 1850 when the Society established a lecture programme to promote wide-ranging discussion on contemporary issues such as transport, manufacture, agriculture and food supply, applied art, industrial design, architecture, housing, technological innovation, issues relating to both the natural and the built environment, urban and rural affairs, trade, business, education and the arts. It played a role in instigating the Great Exhibition (1851), which followed its own exhibitions of industrial products. The RSA Journal was published from 1852 to disseminate information about the Society's activities. In 1866 the Society initiated the memorial tablets scheme in London: these 'blue plaques' were mounted on the former homes of prominent figures. The RSA advocated an exhibition to mark the centenary of the Great Exhibition (1851), and the resulting Festival of Britain (1951) created the South Bank arts complex.

In the field of education, the Society's first examination for artisans was held in 1855, and its music examinations in 1859. In 1870 inquiries into the state of education were launched and the findings published in the Journal. In 1872, a paper on the education of women led to the establishment of the Girls' Public Day School Company to provide education for girls at fees affordable to less well-off families. The Society established a National Training School for Music in 1876, which was to become the Royal College of Music. In 1882 the first fee-paying examinations were held. The Society became a major examining body, principally in commercial/office skills and languages (particularly English as a foreign language), at levels ranging from elementary to post-graduate. Growth in the number of entrants led the Society to make its Examinations Board a separate company in 1987, which in 1997 merged to form part of OCR (Oxford, Cambridge and RSA Examinations).

For further information on the history of the RSA, see D Hudson & K W Luckhurst, The Royal Society of Arts 1754-1954 (London, 1954), and its website: http://www.thersa.org/rsa/history.asp

The Society was founded in 1826, largely at the instigation of Lord Brougham. The object of the new Society was 'the imparting useful information to all classes of the community, particularly to such as are unable to avail themselves of experienced teachers, or may prefer learning by themselves' (SDUK Prospectus, 1829). It sought to achieve this object by acting as the intermediary between authors and publishers in several different and often ambitious series of publications. The Society fixed the form and selling price of treatises, frequency of publication and payments to authors; the publisher made arrangement with the printer and organised the distribution and sale of publications. In charge of the Society's affairs was a General Committee of not less than 40 and not more than 60 members. Prominent on the Committee besides Lord Brougham were James Mill, Lord John Russell, Lord Althorp, Zachary Macaulay, Joseph Hume, Robert Aglionby Slaney and Augustus De Morgan. Sub-committees were appointed and their function handed over to a reconstituted Publication Committee, though even after this date, ad hoc sub-committees persisted. The Society was responsible for many series of publications including: Library of Useful Knowledge; British Almanac; Library of Entertaining Knowledge; Farmer's series; Maps; Working Man's Companion; Quarterly Journal of Education; Penny Magazine; Penny Cyclopedia; Gallery of Portraits; Library for the Young; Biographical Dictionary. In 1829 there were 515 annual subscribers to the Society but that number fell to 49 by 1842. Together with the fall in the number of subscribers went a general fall in the sale of publications. Perhaps the main reason for the fall in popularity of the publications was the fact that too many and too diverse sets of treatises ran concurrently, with an extremely cumbersome review procedure for each treatise. This led to the erratic appearance of treatises, with consequent delays in the completion of readers' sets. The publications were also felt to be of a miscellaneous and non-controversial nature and therefore aroused little interest. The Society's active life lasted until 1846 and its affairs were wound up in 1848. A very useful study on the Society is Monica C Grobel, 'The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 1826-1846 and its relation to adult education in the first half of the XIXth Century' (unpublished London University PhD thesis, 1932).

The Society for the Bibliography of Natural History was founded in 1936 by a small number of naturalists and bibliographers based at the Natural History Museum and Royal Entomological Society, led by C Davies Sherborn, Francis Griffin and Francis Hemming. Sherborn was elected the first President, and Griffin the Honorary Secretary. The prime concern of the Society in its early years was to establish the accurate dates of publication of works of taxonomic significance as a contribution to zoological and botanical nomenclature. The purpose of the Society, as stated, was 'the study of the bibliography of all branches of natural history, and the promotion of the study by the issue of publications and the maintenance of a correspondence bureau'. Although no correspondence bureau was to materialise, the first number of the 'Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History' appeared in October 1936.
Originally concerned strictly with bibliography, the society rapidly became a focal point for those interested in the wider history of natural history. It was renamed the Society for the History of Natural History (SHNH) in 1981. The Society's journal, now entitled 'Archives of Natural History', is published in 3 parts every year, and a Newsletter, occasional facsimiles and conference proceeding are also published. The Society has always held an Annual General Meeting, and in the late 1960s evening meetings were held at University College London each winter.

A more ambitious series of conferences and other meetings began in 1974, and continues. Officers of the Society include a President, Honorary Secretary, Honorary Treasurer, Honorary Editor and (from 1979) a Meetings Secretary. There is also a Committee (Council from 1986) consisting of nine members, with coopted Representatives in North America, Australasia, Central Europe and other areas.. In 1996 membership of the society numbered 650.

The Society existed to assist the dependents of deceased clergymen.

The Society for Social Medicine was founded in 1956 for the advancement of academic social medicine primarily in the research field.

The Society for Promoting Christianity amongst the Jews was founded on 15 February 1809, with only one missionary in London. By its centenary in 1909, the Society had 222 workers in various parts of the world - Europe, Asia, Africa and the United States of America - and many were converts from Judaism. The Society also set up mission schools for Jewish children. The Society produced two monthly publications, Jewish Missionary Intelligence and Jewish Missionary Advocate, and a quarterly publication, Quarterly Notes.

The Society for Photographing Relics of Old London originated in the wish of a few friends to preserve a record of the 'Oxford Arms' Inn, threatened with destruction in 1875, and actually demolished a few years later. The project, mentioned in The Times, was so well received, that it enabled the Society to follow up the first issue, and later on to double the annual number of photographs. By the twelfth years issue, published in April 1886, it was considered the project had reached its completion.

The Society for Organising Charitable Relief and Repressing Mendicity was founded in 1869. It was more commonly known by its short title, the Charity Organisation Society (COS). It was later known as the Family Welfare Association. Its formation arose out of concern over overlapping charities in London, whose activities, it was feared, led to pauperisation and a waste of resources. Its founders sought to promote a more scientific approach to charity based on the principle that relief should only be given after a thorough investigation of the applicant's circumstances and character and that relief should be sufficient to prevent him becoming a pauper. Its objects included promotion of co-operation between charitable agencies and Poor Law authorities.

In the 20th century the COS played a major role in pioneering the proper training of social workers and in the development of social work as a profession. It was responsible for the appointment of the first hospital almoner at the Royal Free Hospital in 1895. The Council appointed a Committee on Training in 1897 and arranged a series of lectures which district secretaries on probation were expected to attend. In 1903 the School of Sociology was opened as an offshoot of the COS, although an independent body; it decided to merge with the London School of Economics in 1912. In 1915 the COS began its own twelve-month course of training in social work in conjunction with Bedford College. It also provided practical experience for students from other courses. Consequently the work of the district offices became increasingly dominated by salaried professional social workers and the role of the volunteer decreased in importance. The COS also played an important role in the setting up of Citizens' Advice Bureaux (CAB), an idea developed in response to the numbers of people seeking guidance and advice during the Munich Crisis in 1938. The London Council of Social Service and the COS jointly established some 80 CAB in London by the outbreak of war in 1939. Each bureau was autonomous, with a local management committee, and there was a national central committee. The COS was responsible for the CAB in inner London. They proved so useful that the service was continued after the end of the war. In 1946 the COS was renamed the Family Welfare Association (FWA) to reflect its changed role and to emphasise its principal function as a family casework agency.

The Society was founded in 1910 to encourage research into subjects of naval and maritime interest. It led the campaign to preserve the Victory in dry dock at Portsmouth in 1922 and similar projects, including the unsuccessful attempt to save the Implacable which was scuttled at sea in 1949. It played an important part in the foundation of the National Maritime Museum and of the Victory Museum, now the Portsmouth Royal Naval Museum. It publishes quarterly The Mariner's Mirror, an historical journal of nautical interest.

The British Society for Music Therapy was founded in 1958 by Juliette Alvin and her colleagues as The Society for Music Therapy and Remedial Music. Its aim was to promote the use and development of music therapy. It changed its name to The British Society for Music Therapy in 1967. The Society was a Registered Charity, Number 260837.

The British Society for Music Therapy supported the work of early music therapists and researchers, and helped the developing profession gain respect and status. The Society acted as an advisory body and disseminated information on services, training, bibliography and research. One of the ways it did this was through its regular journal, The British Journal of Music Therapy.

The Society was run by a Chairperson, Executive Committee and the office administration team (The Administration Officer of the Society acted as Secretary). The Executive Committee organised the everyday business of the Society, and planned its future direction. The Executive Committee was supported by an Advisory Council, which provided advice and expertise as required.

Further committees were set up to deal with other events and different circumstance. One of the most notable events was the 10th World Congress of Music Therapy. This event was planned by an Organising Committee and International Scientific Committee, and was held in Oxford from the 23rd-28th July 2002 with over 800 therapists attending. The journal was overseen by a separate management board.

The majority of the members were based in the United Kingdom, and in 2000 all members of the Association of Music Therapists automatically became members of the British Society for Music Therapy. However by 2010 there were also around 800 international members, including musicians, teachers and medical workers.

In April 2011 The Society amalgamated with The Association of Professional Music Therapists to become The British Association of Music Therapists, Registered Charity number 1137807 and Company No. 07301585. This new organisation will continue the work of The British Society of Music Therapists.

Source of information: http://www.bsmt.org accessed May 2011.

The London and Greenwich Railway was the earliest railway in metropolitan London. It was first opened on 8 February 1836 running from Spa Road to Deptford. An extension from Spa Road to London Bridge was opened on December 14, 1836. The line to Greenwich was finally opened on 12 April 1840.

Exeter Hall is described in an article by Percy Howard, dated 1907, when the Hall was demolished: "The ground on which Exeter Hall stands was formerly occupied by a menagerie, but, owing to the roaring of the lions frightening the horses in the Strand, it was cleared away in 1829. The need of a hall for religious work, which should also provide a home for the various organisations, had long been felt, and the site was at once acquired by a number of influential men for that purpose. On March 29th, 1831, in the presence of an immense audience, the first Exeter Hall was opened, Sir Thomas Baring being in the chair. It was considerably smaller than the present building, but cost, for those days, the large sum of £30,000. In 1850, various improvements 'were made, and the hall was lengthened.

Although essentially a centre of religious activity, Exeter Hall holds a unique place in the musical history of the last century. For many years it had been the custom to perform oratorios twice a week during Lent in the theatres of the metropolis, but these were given up when the new hall was opened, and it at once became the temple of music in London. Thither flocked great crowds to hear the fine band and chorus of 700 voices, conducted by Sir Michael Costa, while the appearance of Mendelssohn or Spohr to conduct their own compositions, drew the fashionable world to the Strand. The performance of oratorios ceased in the season of 1879-80, when they were transferred to the Albert Hall. Mr. Hullah's famous "Musical Evenings " were also held in Exeter Hall, and the rehearsals for the Handel festival have continued to take place there.

The first temperance meeting was held on June 29th, 1831, and was one of the greatest on record. It was followed by a long series of others, and in 1853 the committee of the London Temperance League invited the famous orator, John B. Gough, to come over from the United States. ... It was in Exeter Hall, in June, 1840, that the Prince Consort made his first public appearance in England, when he presided at a meeting for the abolition of the slave trade. His speech was most successful, and he wrote to his father that it was received with great applause, and seemed to have produced a good effect in the country. A few days later another famous meeting of the Anti-Slavery Convention was held, the venerable Thomas Clarkson. then in his 81st year, presiding. ...

From 1845 to 1865 the Y.M.C.A lectures were delivered in the Hall, but in 1880 it became the property of the Association, five friends putting down £5,000 apiece for the purchase. The building was then re- modelled and enlarged, the total outlay being close on £60,000. On March 29th, 1881, the jubilee of the structure, it was re-opened by Lord Shaftesbury. Since then many famous meetings have been held within its walls. Stanley's first lecture on his return from the Congo expedition was given here, and in March, 1895, members of the Royal family were present to hear F. C. Selous lecture on "Travel and Adventure in South East Africa." ... Many a great name is recalled by the old platform chair, which is still preserved. Brougham, Guizot, Moffat, Livingstone, Shaftesbury, Clarkson, Wilberforce - have all "taken the chair " at Exeter Hall, while Mr. Gladstone and Lord Salisbury appear in the list of famous speakers. "

Source: http://www.studymore.org.uk/aexeter.htm

The Society for Equitable Assurances on Lives and Survivorships was formed in 1762. It was the first society to use a scientific form of life assurance which enabled the Equitable to accept a broad range of risks. By 1797 there were over 5,000 assurances in force. The name 'Equitable Life Assurance Society' appeared in brochures by 1857, but the Society only became incorporated with this name in 1893.

The Society acquired the Reversionary Interest Society in 1919; University Life Assurance Society in 1919; and Equitable Reversionary Interest Society in 1920.

The Society for Equitable Assurances on Lives and Survivorships was formed in 1762. It was the first society to use a scientific form of life assurance which enabled the Equitable to accept a broad range of risks. By 1797 there were over 5,000 assurances in force.

The name 'Equitable Life Assurance Society' appeared in brochures by 1857, but the Society only became incorporated with this name in 1893.

The Society acquired the Reversionary Interest Society in 1919; University Life Assurance Society in 1919; and Equitable Reversionary Interest Society in 1920.

The Society was based at Nicholas Lane (1762-74); New Bridge Street (1774-1870); Mansion House Street (1870-1924); Coleman Street (1924-c1992); and Basinghall Street (c1993- ). The Society was closed to new business in 2000.

The Society for Equitable Assurances on Lives and Survivorships was formed in 1762. It was the first society to use a scientific form of life assurance which enabled the Equitable to accept a broad range of risks. By 1797 there were over 5,000 assurances in force. The name 'Equitable Life Assurance Society' appeared in brochures by 1857, but the Society only became incorporated with this name in 1893.

The Society acquired the Reversionary Interest Society in 1919; University Life Assurance Society in 1919; and Equitable Reversionary Interest Society in 1920.

The Society was based at Nicholas Lane (1762-74); New Bridge Street (1774-1870); Mansion House Street (1870-1924); Coleman Street (1924-c1992); and Basinghall Street (c 1993- ). The Society was closed to new business in 2000.

No further information available.

The Society for Checking the Abuses of Public Advertising (SCAPA) was founded in 1893 by Mr. Richardson Evans with the object of focusing public opinion on the disfigurement caused by outdoor advertising. It promoted statutory and voluntary regulation and the former was partly secured by the society through the passing of the Advertisements Regulation Acts 1907 and 1925. As these Acts did not themselves restrict advertising but merely empowered local authorities to make bye-laws for that purpose, further campaigns were undertaken to ensure all local authorities used their power to the full.

The society also maintained an interest in the siting and design of petrol filling stations and the litter problem and expanded its title to the Society for Prevention of Disfigurement in Town and Country but continued to be known by its abbreviated title.

The Control of Advertisements Regulations Act 1948 brought advertisements for the first time under full planning control and it was felt that SCAPA's objects had been largely achieved and the society was eventually wound up 1952-1953.

The Society for Advanced Legal Studies (SALS), established in 1997, is the successor body to the Friends of the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (IALS). The Friends was established in 1989 to foster the interests of the IALS which holds what is in effect the UK's national law library and which is at the centre of legal research. SALS is a learned society consisting of scholars, practitioners and those involved in the administration of justice from the UK and around the world. Its objectives are to promote and facilitate legal research at an advanced level and in particular to engender greater collaboration between scholars and those involved in the practice of law. The Society seeks to achieve these objectives through a number of initiatives including organising and supporting specialised working groups, lectures and conferences. The Constitution of the SALS provides for an Advisory Council of persons drawn from academia, practitioners and the judiciary from the UK and overseas. During its first year there is a transitional executive committee, chaired by the Director of IALS, and an interim advisory council.

The Socialist Party of Great Britain (SPGB) was formed on in 1904 by a number of disaffected members who spilt from the Social Democratic Federation (SDF) (founded 1881). The inaugural meeting was attended by about 140 people. The object of the Party was `the establishment of a system of society based upon the common ownership and democratic control of the means and instruments for producing and distributing wealth by and in the interest of the whole community'. An Executive Committee was established to manage the day-to-day affairs of the party, all binding policy decisions were to be determined at the Party's Annual Conference, and party meetings were to be open to the public. A declaration of principles was adopted which stated the working class position in a capitalist society and a guide to working class action for as long as capitalism lasted.

As an 'impossibilist' organisation it opposed social transformation by means of reform of the existing capitalist system and stressed the importance of socialist education and knowledge of Marx's economic and political writings.

Its immediate task were to arrange meetings and arranged the sale of literature to advertise their cause. The Party approved the use of a number of brochures including 'Socialism and the Worker' by F A Sorge, 'Wage labour and Capital', K Marx, 'Socialism and Radicalism', Edward Aveling, No compromise', W Liebknecht;The Socialist revolution', K Kautsky, and 'How I became a Socialist, William Morris. It also began a journal - The Socialist Standard, in 1904. The SPGB opposed the outbreak of World War 1, and was hostile to what it perceived as a capitalist quarrel for which governments were sending workers to their deaths in battle. It opposed conscription, but made allowances for men with families who could not accept the consequences of resisting conscription (and its economic compulsion). Its members who did appear before conscription tribunals generally had their applications dismissed.

They were also opposed to World War 2, when they again opposed conscription. This time however they were more successful at tribunal hearings, often winning their case on humanitarian grounds, though some members did receive prison sentences. An SPGB parliamentary candidate ran for the first time in the 1945 General Election. Clifford Groves stood for the seat of Paddington North. He was unsuccessful, but did receive 472 votes, and despite the cost of the campaign - £900 - the party was not discouraged. It has continued to field candidates in successive General Elections. Its membership peaked in 1949 with 1100 members, then declined to about 600 by 1955.

The Party met initially at private homes, with the first meetings of the Executive being held at the Communist Club, Charlotte St. It had no permanent home until 1909 when it rented premises at 10 Sandland St, Bedford Row. In 1912, it moved to 193 Grays Inn Rd, then to 28 Union St in 1918, it occupied various premises until 1951 when it made its final move from Rugby Chambers to Clapham High St, where it remains today.

Throughout its history, the party has been characterised by various controversies and debates about socialist theory. In 1991, two branches were expelled - they are also known as The Socialist Party of Great Britain.

The Party maintains links with overseas organisations of the World Socialist Movement, located in Canada, New Zealand and the USA.

No further information.

The Social Democratic Federation was founded by Henry Mayers Hyndman (1842-1921), who converted to socialism after reading 'Das Kapital' while on holiday in the United States. This work inspired him to form a Marxist political group, and in 1881 he formed the Social Democratic Federation. This became the first Marxist political group in Britain and over the next few months Hyndman was able to recruit trade unionists such as Tom Mann (1856-1941) and John Burns (1858-1943) into the organisation. Eleanor Marx (1855-1898), Karl's youngest daughter became a member, as did the artist and poet William Morris (1855-1898). By 1885 the organisation had over 700 members. At first the Federation was mainly concerned with land nationalisation but this quickly changed and their aims became more obviously socialist. Their manifesto "Socialism Made Plain" sets out their aims. These were improved housing for the working classes, free compulsory education for all classes, including free school meals, an eight hour working day, state ownership of banks and railways, abolition of the national debt, nationalisation of the land and the organisation of agricultural and industrial armies under state control run on co-operative principles. The Federation produced a weekly propaganda paper call 'Justice'. This was initially financed by Edward Carpenter and thereafter by William Morris. Its many contributors included George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) and William Morris.

In 1886 the Federation became involved in organising strikes and demonstrations against low wages and unemployment. After one demonstration that led to a riot in London, three of the Federation's leaders, Hyndman, John Burns and H H Champion, editor of 'Justice', were arrested but acquitted. By 1884 there was disagreement within the Federation about the best way to achieve their aims. Henry Hyndman favoured using the parliamentary structure to achieve change but other members of the Federation were against this. The Federation split, with many members following William Morris to form the Socialist League. Champion, also left, taking his journal with him. Although the membership was never very large, the Social Democratic Federation continued and in February 1900 the group joined the Independent Labour Party, the Fabian Society and several trade unions to form the Labour Representation Committee, which eventually evolved into the Labour Party.

Chun Loy So was born 20/01/1937. He arrived in the UK from Hong Kong's New Territories in 1959, under a scheme which aimed to help local farmers by encouraging them to emigrate to London. After moving around the country and living in other towns and cities (including Leeds and Liverpool) Mr So decided to permanently settle in London.

Mr So was employed in the catering trade, eventually opening his own restaurant, "New Maxim". He is now retired, but still plays an active roll within the Chinese community as a regular volunteer.

The account given by Mr So about London tells of the changes taking place in the capital, particularly in the diversity of population and the development in the Docklands.

Born, 1817; expedition to search for the companions of Sir John Franklin, 1850; expeditions off Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia, [1855-1857]; throughout his life he endeavoured to enlist public interest on behalf of the companions of Sir John Franklin; died, 1895.

John Snow was born on 15 March 1813 in York, the eldest son of William Snow, farmer. He was educated locally at a private school, until the age of fourteen when he was apprenticed to William Hardcastle, a surgeon in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. In Newcastle he worked as one of three surgeon apothecaries at the Lying-In Hospital, where he was also secretary. He also held an appointment as mining doctor at the Killingworth Colliery. This work brought him into contact with George and Robert Stephenson, who in 1827 were listed as patients of his practice. Throughout the Cholera epidemic of 1831-32 he attended victims at the colliery. During his apprenticeship, 1827-1833, he became a vegetarian and teetotaler.

Between 1833 and 1836 he was an assistant in practice, first in Burnopfield, Durham, and then in Pateley Bridge, North Yorkshire. During this time he often returned to York and was much involved in the temperance movement. In 1836 Snow decided to further his medical education in London. He undertook the journey on foot, walking via Liverpool, Wales and Bath. In October 1836 he became a student at the Hunterian School of Medicine, Great Windmill Street, where his initial research in medicine began, the subject being the toxicity of arsenic. In October 1837 he began to attend the medical practice at the Westminster Hospital. He was admitted a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England on 2 May 1838, and in October of that year he became a licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries.

Snow set up practice in his new home at 54 Frith Street from 1838. To further his medical knowledge Snow regularly attended the meetings of the Westminster Medical Society (later the Medical Society of London), having joined as a student member in 1837. He presented the results of his research on a number of diverse scientific problems at the Society's meetings, and subsequently published articles on them in the medical journals, throughout the late 1830s and early 1840s. The two dominant themes were toxicology and respiratory physiology. His first published paper, Arsenic as a Preservative of Dead Bodies', appeared in The Lancet in 1838. However, his most well known paper was published in 1842, On Asphyxia, and on the Resuscitation of Still-born Children. Other topics included the danger of candles incorporating arsenic, postscarlatinal anasarca, and haemorrhagic smallpox. By the end of this phase of his career,the name of John Snow was quite well known to anyone who read the English Medical Press' (Shephard, 1995, p.44).

He graduated MD from London University on 20 December 1844, having graduated MB in November 1843. At this time, after the immense pressure of hard work, he had a breakdown and it is thought suffered an attack of tuberculosis (Fraser, 1968, p.504). His health was further affected during the following year when he suffered from renal disease. It was in 1845 that he was appointed lecturer on forensic medicine at the Aldergate Street School of Medicine, a position he held until 1849 when the school closed.

In 1846 Snow became interested in the properties of ether, which had been newly adopted in America as an anaesthetizing agent. His work in anesthesia had begun during his earlier investigation into asphyxia of the newborn. Snow made great improvements in the method of administering the drug, and obtained permission to demonstrate his results in the dental out-patient room at St George's Hospital. This proved so successful that he won the confidence of Robert Liston, the eminent surgeon, and so the ether practice of London came entirely into his hands. Despite having practically introduced the scientific use of ether into English surgery, he had `so well balanced a mind that he appreciated the value of other anaesthetizing agents, more particularly chloroform' (DNB, 1898, p.208). It was this drug that he famously administered to Queen Victoria during the birth of Prince Leopold, 7 April 1853, and again, a few years later, during the birth of Princess Beatrice, 14 April 1857.

Snow is famous for his scientific insight which led to the theory that cholera is communicated by means of a contaminated water supply. His essay On the Mode of Communication of Cholera, was first published in 1849. The second edition, in 1855, included a more elaborate investigation into the effect of the water supply on certain districts of South London during the 1854 epidemic. Ultimately then Snow became

`widely recognised as one of the founding fathers of epidemiology as well as a leading figure in the initial development of anaesthetics in Britain' (Galbraith, 2002, p.1).

During the intervening years between the two editions of his publications on cholera, Snow was admitted as a licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians and was a founder member of council of the Epidemiological Society of London, in 1850. In 1852 the Medical Society of London selected him orator for the following year. It was also in 1853 that he moved home and practice to 18 Sackville Street. He was a member of the Royal Medical Chirurgical Society and the Pathological Society, and was President, in 1854 of the Physiological Society, the Medical Society of London in 1855, and in 1857 of the Epidemiological Society.

Snow died unmarried, at the age of 45, on 16 June 1858. The direct cause of death was a stroke, however the autopsy revealed his health for many years had been undermined by the earlier attacks of tuberculosis. He was engaged on his work, Chloroform and Other Anaesthetics, at the time of his death. This was edited and published posthumously by his friend and fellow physician Sir Benjamin Ward Richardson. Snow was buried at Brompton Cemetery, where his colleagues and friends erected a monument in his memory.

Publications:
`On Distortions of the Chest and Spine in Children from Enlargement of the Abdomen', London Medical Gazette, 1841, 28, pp.112-116
On the Inhalation of the Vapour of Ether in Surgical Operations (London, 1847)
A Letter to the Right Honorable Lord Campbell, Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Queen's Bench, on the Clause Respecting Chloroform in the Proposed Prevention of Offences Bill (London, 1851)
On the Mode of Communication of Cholera (London, 1849, 2nd ed. 1855) - translated into German, Quedlinburg, 1856
On Chloroform and Other Anaesthetics, John Snow, edited with a memoir, Benjamin Ward Richardson (London, 1858)
On Narcotism by the Inhalation of Vapours, John Snow, with an introductory essay by Richard H. Ellis (London, 1991)
Death from Amylene (date & place of publication unknown)

Publications by others about Snow:
Memoir by B.W. Richardson in On Chloroform and Other Anaesthetics, John Snow, edited by Benjamin Ward Richardson (London, 1858)
Dr John Snow (1813-1858): His Early Years: An Account of the Family of Dr John Snow and his Early Life, Dr Nicol Spence Galbraith (London, 2002)

Penton Hook Road in Staines runs from Wheatsheaf Lane down to the river Thames.

In the Post Office London Commercial Directory of 1935 Snell and Company are listed as estate agents based at 47 Maida Vale, W9, and 284 Elgin Avenue, W9. A Leonard Thomas Snell is also listed as an estate agent at the same address.

Born, 1788; merchant service; Royal Navy, 1805; surveying in Italian, Adriatic, Greek, and north African waters; Founder member of the Royal Geographical Society of London (RGS), 1830; President of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1845-1846; retired, 1846; President of the RGS, 1849-1850; Vice-President and Foreign Secretary of the Royal Society; Vice-President and Director of the Society of Antiquaries; died, 1865.

Born, 1819; Assistant in the Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope (1835-1845), cooperated with Sir Thomas Maclear in the extension of Lacaille's arc; produced oldest known calotypes of people and scenes in Southern Africa with the help of John Herschel; Astronomer Royal for Scotland and Regius Professor of Astronomy, University of Edinburgh (1845-1888), introduced time service for Edinburgh with time ball on the Nelson monument and later a time gun fired from Edinburgh Castle (1861); resigned Fellowship on 7 February 1874 on the Society denying him the reading of his paper on the interpretation of the design of the Great Pyramid, published "The Great Pyramid and the Royal Society"; Became obsessed with the metre - he believed the decimal system was foreign, French, and atheist. Claimed if the pyramids were measured very accurately, it was possible to tell that they were based on the British yard, given by God and built by the Hebrews. Led expeditions to Egypt to measure them accurately to prove this. Use of the yard in the Pyramids proved there were common values between the founders of Egypt and the Anglo-Saxons, and so helped to justify the Conquest of Egypt in 1881-2; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1857; died, 1900.

The 1856 expedition to the rugged volcanic mountain of Tenerife in the Canary Islands was an accomplishment which transformed the relatively unknown son of a famous admiral into an international scientific figure. It was also the focus of important and extensive activity in photographic publishing. It was this trip to Teneriffe which gave Smyth his entry into the elite scientific community. It also marked a turning point regarding his use of photography, having been certainly almost the first to experiment with calotypes at the Cape of Good Hope, and received his instruction from Talbot, Herschel and Hunt. The major donation for the expedition came from Robert Stephenson, who had read Smyth's 1855 'Royal Observatory of Edinburgh Report' and offered Smyth passage to Tenerife aboard his iron hulled yacht, the 'Titania', handing it to him for his exclusive use for the expedition in 1856, which departed from Cowes on 24 June. Santa Cruz was reached on 8 July.