Godwin and Basley, Auction and Agency Offices, were based at 28 Cadogan Place, Belgrave Square.
In 1839 the site of Saint Michael's was donated to the Church Building Commissioners, who had been established by an Act of 1818 to provide more churches, particularly in the expanding metropolis. A design for the church by William Rogers was approved in 1840 and construction was complete by 1841. The church was consecrated in November of that year. A district was assigned to the church in 1845. The church was severely damaged during the Second World War and was re-dedicated in 1952 after its restoration by Thomas F. Ford.
From: 'Stockwell: Stockwell Park Crescent and Stockwell Green areas', Survey of London: volume 26: Lambeth: Southern area (1956), pp. 88-95.
The parish of Saint Matthew was established in 1824, taken from part of the ancient parish of Saint Mary. The church was constructed in 1820 in a classical, Doric style.
From: 'Lambeth: The parish', A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4 (1912), pp. 50-64.
The church of Saint Saviour was established to serve a new district with a rapidly expanding population. The building was constructed between 1874 and 1875, designed by E.C. Robins in a Gothic style.
From: Survey of London: volume 26: Lambeth: Southern area (1956), pp. 100-105.
The church of Holy Trinity was constructed in 1839, designed by Edward Blore. The site of the church was formerly part of Lambeth Palace kitchen gardens. The interior of the church was renovated in 1915. THe building was badly damaged during the Second World War.
From: Survey of London: volume 23: Lambeth: South Bank and Vauxhall (1951), pp. 75-76.
There has been a place of worship on the site for over a thousand years. The current church was built between 1774 and 1777 and was damaged by fire in 1830. The churchyard was closed for burials in 1856. By 1881 Lewisham had become a suburb of London and its population had increased significantly. It was therefore decided to enlarge and alter the building. Further changes were made in 1995.
The Board of Guardians for the parish of Saint Mary, Lewisham, administered poor relief under the Local Act 54 Geo. III c.43 (18 May 1814). The Board of Guardians was dissolved under the Local Government Act 1899.
The original church of Saint Paul was built between 1882 and 1883 by Herbert D Appleton and Edward Mountford at Waldenshaw Road, Forest Hill. The church was bombed in the Second World War (1939-1945) and was demolished.
A former Congregational Church in Taymount Rise, Forest Hill (built in 1863 by J Hine of Plymouth and T Roger Smith, and which by 1940s had become Saint Luke's Church of the Spiritual Evangel) was purchased and consecrated on 24 January 1965 as the new Saint Paul's Church.
In the 1980s, a partnership was formed with Christ Church, Forest Hill and on 1 December 1991 the benefice and parish of Saint Paul was removed by Order in Council and Christ Church with Saint Paul, Forest Hill was created. The church building was declared redundant and sold for residential use in 1996.
Consecrated in July 1871, Saint Peter's Church was closed in May 1941 because of war damage and services were held at Saint John the Baptist, Eltham High Street. After the war a temporary church was provided until a new church was built in 1960 as a daughter church to the Good Shepherd, Lee. This church has in turn been replaced by a new building.
Christ Church was consecrated on 17 July, 1855. In March 1977 the building was found to be unsafe; it was closed and later demolished, The parish was united with Saint James, Sussex Gardens (P87/JS).
The parish of Saint Michael and All Angels, Paddington, was established in 1864, taken from part of the parish of Saint John the Evangelist, Hyde Park Crescent (P87/JNE1). The church building had been constructed in 1860-61. The church was closed on the union of the parish with All Saints, Norfolk Square (P87/ALL) and Saint John the Evangelist on 10 May 1965. The church was demolished in 1969.
The parish of Saint Mary Magdalene, Paddington was created from the parishes of Saint Saviour, Warwick Avenue (P87/SAV) and Holy Trinity, Bishop's Bridge Road (P87/TRI). Services were first held in 1865 in a small temporary church on the banks of the Grand Junction Canal. The permanent church was designed by George Edmund Street. The foundation stone was laid in 1867, the nave and chancel opened in 1868 and the completed church was consecrated in 1878.
The Saint Mary Magdalene Convalescent Home was a home for fallen women, but not for those "abandoned to an immoral life". It opened in 1865 at 30 Weymouth Street. It later moved to 26 Ranelagh road, Paddington. Single women under the age of thirty were admitted before and after the birth of their first child which would have taken place at Queen Charlotte's Hospital. It was managed by the Sisters of Saint Mary, Wantage.
Saint Peter's originated in a temporary mission church established in 1866 as a chapel of ease to the parish of Holy Trinity (P87/TRI). A permanent building was constructed in 1870 and a parish was created, taken from Holy Trinity. The church was replaced by a modern building in 1975-1977.
The church of Saint Andrew was destroyed by bombing during the Second World War. The parish was subsequently united with Saint Mary, Bow (P88/MRY1).
The church of Saint Mark, Cadogan Terrace, Victoria Park, was established in 1872. The parish has now been united with Saint Paul, Saint Stephen's Road, Old Ford (P88/PAU).
Poplar Chapel was founded by the East India Company as a chapel of ease to Saint Dunstan, Stepney (P93/DUN). In 1823 the new church of All Saints, Poplar (P88/ALL1) was consecrated and became a parish church for Poplar. The records of Poplar Chapel were transferred to All Saints' Church. The chapel remained in use and in 1867 it was consecrated as Saint Matthias Poplar and was given a parish.
Saint Matthias' Church was declared redundant in October 1977 and the parish was united with the Parish of Poplar.
The church of Saint Nicholas was established in 1900. It was destroyed by enemy action in 1940 and closed in 1941. The parish was united with All Hallows in 1955, to create the parish of Saint Nicholas with All Hallows, Aberfeldy Street.
The church of Saint Saviour was built in 1872-74, with a school and mission hall nearby. A parish was assigned to the church in 1875. The parish was united with Saint Gabriel, Chrisp Street (P88/GAB) and Saint Stephen, East India Dock Road (P88/STE1) in July 1952. The church was closed in 1975 as the population of the area had decreased.
All Saints church originated in Margaret Chapel, which was constructed in around 1760. In 1839 the chapel became the centre of the High Church Tractarian Movement, a group which advocated Anglo-Catholicism. It was decided to rebuild the chapel in a Gothic style to reflect the ideals of the movement, and architect William Butterfield was hired to design a new church. The building was constructed between 1850 and 1859 and was praised by critics including Ruskin. A vicarage and choir school were included on the site.
Information from The London Encyclopaedia, eds. Weinreb and Hibbert (LMA Library Reference 67.2 WEI).
Emmanuel Church was built as a proprietary chapel, known as Christ Chapel, in 1833-1834 by Lieutenant Colonel the Honorable James Stewart and Frederick Madan. It was consecrated in 1876 as Emmanuel Church and became a separate parish. The church was damaged by bombing in 1940. Under the scheme for the parochial reorganisation of St Marylebone, confirmed in 1952, Emmanuel Church was closed and the parish was divided between Saint Paul, Lisson Grove (P89/PAU2), Saint Mark, Hamilton Terrace (P89/MRK2), and St John's Wood Church (P89/JN1).
Saint Luke's church was built in 1849 as a thanksgiving for the deliverance of the area from a cholera outbreak. It was damaged by bombing during the Second World War. In 1952 the parish was united with Saint Mark, Marylebone Road (P89/MRK1).
The first parish church in the area was dedicated to Saint John the Evangelist and was probably built in the 12th century, situated near the site of the present Marble Arch. However it was too remote and was moved in 1400. The new church was dedicated to Saint Mary and was known as "Saint Mary at Bourne" as the Ty bourne (stream) flowed nearby, which over time became corrupted to "St Mary le Bone". A new church was built in 1740 and another in 1813, which was renovated in 1883.
In 1817 the church was built over a large vaulted crypt. This served as the parish burial ground until 1853 when the entrance was bricked up and its use discontinued. In 1980 the coffins from the crypt were reinterred at Brookwood Cemetery in Surrey. The crypt was then completely renovated and rebuilt as a health centre. Nicki and John Braithwaite were the architects for this redevelopment. On 24th July 1987, the new crypt was opened by the Prince of Wales.
When opened, the crypt contained the following organisations: Christian Healing Centre; NHS Surgery; Headquarter Offices of the Christian Healing Organisations (Churches Council for Health and Healing; Guild of St Raphael; Order of St Luke; Institute of Religion and Medicine; Churches Council on Alcohol and Drugs); Music Therapy Centre (funded by the Speedwell Trust Sponsorship Scheme); Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scanner Unit; Counselling and Social Work Services of the Raphael Centre and Jewish Welfare Board.
For more information please see the church website at http://www.stmarylebone.org.uk/history01.htm (accessed March 2010).
The church of Saint Paul originated in the Portland Chapel, which was constructed in 1764. In 1831 it was consecrated and restored. It was closed and demolished in 1908. It should not be confused with the Portman Chapel, Portman Square, which was also renamed Saint Paul's (P89/PAU3).
The parish of Saint Thomas was created from the parish of Saint Marylebone, Marylebone Road (P89/TMS). Philip Hardwick designed the church in the Gothic style. The consecration took place on 7 July 1858. After 1930 Saint Peter's Chapel (P89/PET) took over as the parish church of the united benefice. The church was demolished in 1931.
All Saints Church, Gordon Street, was constructed in 1842 in response to rapid population growth in the ancient parish of Saint Pancras. The architect was Thomas Leverton Donaldson, who was a Professor of Architecture at University College (UCL). In 1909 the church was closed and in 1928 UCL converted it into a hall, called the University Memorial Hall, to remember members of the University who died during the First World War. The hall was destroyed by bombing in 1940.
From: Survey of London: volume 21: The parish of St Pancras part 3: Tottenham Court Road and neighbourhood (1949), pp. 101-102.
Saint Bartholomew's was built in 1811 by voluntary subscription raised by the congregation of William Huntingdon (1744-1813). At its opening the church was given to him as his personal property. The church was used by a number of preachers until in 1837 it came into the possession of a Mr. Davenport who gave it to the Reverend Thomas Mortimer of Saint Marks, Myddleton Square. However, a certificate of lunacy against Mr. Davenport was procured and his Trustees rented the church to Reverend Mortimer for £320 per annum. Mortimer retired in 1849 and Reverend E Garbutt became the new preacher. He managed to buy the chapel and enabled it to be consecrated as a district church by the Bishop of London on 13 Feburary 1860. In April 1959 the parish and benefice were united with the parish of Saint George the Martyr with Holy Trinity, Queen Square, Holborn (P82/GEO2).
Saint Mary the Virgin was built between 1822-1826 by the Inwoods, architects of the nearby Saint Pancras Parish Church. It was at first known as the Somers Town Chapel. Charles Dickens worshipped here as a boy. The chapel was nicknamed first 'Mr Judkin's Chapel' after the Rev T J Judkin, then 'the Cabbies' Church' because of the aid offered to cabmen using the nearby Euston Station.
Saint Martin's Church, Kentish Town, was consecrated in December 1865. The church contains a memorial to its patron and founder John Derby Allcroft of Stokesay Court, Shropshire who endowed the church at his sole cost. A Freemason and leading evangelical churchman, he was treasurer of Christ's Hospital, the Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy and the Royal Hospital for Incurables. As well as Saint Martin's he also endowed two other London churches. His architect was Edward Buckton Lamb. In 1953 the church of Saint Andrew, Haverstock Hill (P90/AND) was united with Saint Martin's.
Saint Matthew, Bedford New Town was one of the number of districts formed out of the parish of Saint Pancras in the mid 1840's to serve the ever-increasing population of the area. A contemporary newspaper even remarked that Saint Pancras was 'an immense suburban parish, the population of which is larger than that of most of the continental capitals'. Prior to the building of a permanent church services were held (commencing in June 1849) in a deserted pianoforte factory. The site for the church was given by the Duke of Bedford who subscribed £1000 to the building fund. The foundation stone was laid by Lord John Russell on 8 May 1852 and the church was consecrated on 23 December 1856. In 1956 the parish was united with the Old Saint Pancras church; and the building was later demolished.
The Percy Chapel was built in 1765; and demolished in 1867. William Wilberforce worshipped here for some years. The chapel was on the west side of Charlotte Street, immediately opposite Windmill Street.
Saint Saviour's Church was originally known as Fitzroy Chapel, built between 1777 and 1788. In 1863 a parish was assigned and the chapel was dedicated to Saint Saviour. The parish was later united with the parish of Saint John the Evangelist (P90/JNE1). The building was destroyed during the Second World War.
From: 'Maple Street', Survey of London: volume 21: The parish of St Pancras part 3: Tottenham Court Road & neighbourhood (1949), pp. 47-48.
Variously called 'Ague Town' or 'Hagar Town', Agar Town was infamous for being a slum without water supply or proper drainage. A report in 1847 stated that about 5,000 people lived in Agar Town; there was no school, church or chapel other than the Old Saint Pancras church which was in the process of being restored. A temporary iron church was therefore erected in Agar Town, together with a Ragged School. Building of a permanent church began in 1859, under the supervision of S.S. Teulon, but it was never completed. The Agar Town church, named Saint Thomas, was sited in Wrotham Road in 1863. It has now been demolished, and the parish united to Saint Michael, Camden Road.
The church of Saint Bartholomew originated in an iron church established in 1874. From 1882 the church acted as a chapel of ease for Saint Mark's, Shoreditch. The congregation of Saint Mark's paid for the construction of a permanent building, and a parish was assigned taken from the parish of Saint Mark's. The church was closed during the Second World War and in 1953 the parish was merged with Saint Mark's. The building was eventually demolished.
Saint Michael's was constructed in 1863-65 to designs by James Brooks. It closed in 1964, when the parish was united with Saint Leonard's.
Saint Mary, Hoxton was created in 1866 out of parts of the parishes of Saint John, Hoxton and Holy Trinity, Hoxton, and Saint Barnabas, King's Square. The church was in Britannia Street (later Britannia Walk) and the vicarage was in Provost Street. In 1953 Saint Mary was united with Holy Trinity, Hoxton (the church had been bombed during the Second World War) to form Holy Trinity with Saint Mary.
In 1903 Saint Mary was in the Rural Deanery of Shoreditch, in the Archdeaconry of London, in the Diocese of London.
Saint Paul's was consecrated in 1860. In 1971 the benefice and parish were united with St. Michael and All Angels, London Fields, Hackney (P79/MAA) which became the parish church of the united parish.
Saint Agnes was constructed in 1874-1875, designed by George Gilbert Scott in the Gothic Revival style. It was severely damaged in the Second World War and it was necessary to demolish the building. A new church was constructed in 1956 by architect Ralph Covell.
Lady Margaret Church originated in the Saint John's College Cambridge Mission, founded in 1883 in Lock's Fields. In 1889 a site on Chatham Street was donated for a permanent church and a parish was assigned. The church was closed in 1966. The parish was united with Saint John's (P92/JN) and became a chapel of ease within that parish. It was declared redundant in 1983 and was leased by the Cherubim and Seraphim church.
The church of Saint Michael and All Angels was constructed in 1886, to the designs of A.S. Newman. The church was closed in 1953. The parish was united with Saint George the Martyr in October 1956, and in the same year the church building was converted for use as a parish hall by Saint George's. The church was demolished in 2004 and the site was sold.
The church of Saint Mary Magdalene Southwark is also known as Saint Mary Magdalene Walworth. It was constructed in 1843 but was ruined during the Second World War and later demolished. The parish was merged with Lady Margaret Church, Walworth (P92/LDM).
Saint Mary's is the ancient parish church of Newington. The present church was constructed in 1958, replacing a building of 1876 which was badly damaged during the Second World War. Only the tower survives and was incorporated into the new church. The 1876 church was constructed to replace an earlier building, of 1721. From 1826 onwards other parishes were established out of the parish of Saint Mary, including Holy Trinity (P92/TRI), Saint John, Walworth (P92/JN), and Saint Matthew, Newington (P92/MTW). A chapel of ease, Saint Gabriel's, was established in 1874.
Newington Governors and Guardians of the Poor were established by Local Act of Parliament of 1814 which enabled them to assess and collect the poor rate and to build the workhouse and collect other rates in the parish (54 Geo III c.cxiii). They continued to collect the poor rate and to administer poor relief after the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834. A Board of Guardians was established in 1836 (see P92/MRY/315) to carry out the registration functions of the Poor Law district, and to act as a workhouse committee. However it would seem that this eventually ceased to function and its activities were taken over by the Governors and Guardians at their weekly meetings. After the Metropolitan Poor Act of 1867, a Board of Guardians was again established and this took over the administration of the workhouse and poor relief in the parish. In 1869 it became part of St Saviour's Union (see records of Southwark Board of Guardians, SOBG). The Governors and Guardians continued to collect rates until their abolition in 1901 on the formation of the Metropolitan Borough of Southwark.
Saint Paul's was constructed in 1858. It was badly damaged during the Second World War and had to be demolished. The benefice and parish were united with the benefice and parish of Saint Jude, Southwark (P92/JUD). Saint Jude's Church became the parish church of the united parish.
The Pembroke College Mission was established by the Cambridge college of the same name in 1885. The mission was assigned a parish and a permanent church was constructed in 1908; the church was dedicated to Saint Christopher.
The district chapelry of Saint Stephen was formed from part of the parish of Saint George (P92/GEO) in 1853. The church was constructed in 1850, designed by S.S. Teulon. The church was declared redundant in 1964 and was demolished a year later. The parish was divided between Saint Mary Bermondsey and Holy Trinity Southwark.
The hamlet of Mile End New Town remained part of the parish of Saint Dunstan's, Stepney (P93/DUN), until 1841, when it was created a district chapelry of Saint Dunstan's, with its own church of All Saints. The church was built on what was then Spicer Street. It was built under the auspices of the Church Building Commission with some funding from the Metropolitan Church Fund.The architect was Thomas Larkins Waller. It was consecrated on 25th November 1839. The spire had to be removed in 1894, as the result of deterioration in the stonework, but the church suffered only superficial damage during the Second World War. In 1951 the parish was joined to Christ Church, Spitalfields, and the church of All Saints was subsequently demolished. After closure, the vicarage and church hall were transferred to the use of Christ Church, Spitalfields (P93/CTC1).
A mission run by Saint Dunstan's (P93/DUN) existed for some time in cramped quarters in Shandy Street. Money for a new building became available through over-subscription to the costs of a legal case between the Rector of Stepney and Annie Besant.
Saint Faith's was described as one of the most charming of Stepney's churches. Work commenced in 1891 and it was licensed for use on October 24th 1891. It was not until 1901 that the church was finally completed. The Rector of Saint Dunstan's was discomfited by the cost as his church had been severely damaged by fire and it was very difficult to find money to pay for both Saint Faith's and for the restoration of Saint Dunstan's.
Saint Faith's remained a chapel of ease to Saint Dunstan's until 1926. An Order in Council allowed it to become a parish church for several districts around it, but the new parish was very short-lived. The church was badly shaken by a bomb blast in 1940 and had to be closed. The parish was re-united with Saint Dunstan's after post war re-organisation. The church building has since been demolished.
Saint James' was the first church built in Stepney by the Bishop Blomfield Metropolitan Churches Fund. Designed by Edward Laoidge, it was consecrated in August 1833. The church was gutted by incendiary bombs on September 7th 1940. In 1951 the parish was united to Saint Paul's, Shadwell (P93/PAU3) and the ruins taken down. The site was added to a public garden which had already been laid out in the old graveyard.
The City of London church of All Hallows, Staining (P69/ALH6) was demolished and the parish merged with Saint Olave, Hart Street (P69/OLA1). The rector used some of the funds raised from the sale of the site of All Hallows to build a church in the poor district of Mile End New Town, on the corner of Hanbury Street and Kingward Street, in the middle of a terrible slum. The foundation stone was laid on 25th June 1874; the architect was A.W. Bomfield; the design Early English. It was consecrated by the Bishop of London on 23rd April 1975. Later a vicarage and parish hall were built.
The stonework was decayed by 1904, the church closed and the parish reunited to All Saints (P93/ALL1). The church was demolished in 1916. The mission building was sold in 1929 and became a synagogue. This was demolished in 1965 and the site is now a children's playground.
Saint Saviour's Chapel was built in 1695. The Rector of Saint George in the East (P93/GEO) leased the church in 1859 and used it as a mission chapel. A dispute developed between the Rector of Saint George's and the Minister of Saint Paul, Dock Street (P93/PAU2). When a district was assigned to Saint Paul's in 1864, Saint Saviour's Church lay within the new parish. Saint Paul's bought the church for use as a school and closed the mission.
Holy Trinity was begun in 1834, financed partly by the Church Building Commissioners and partly by local residents. In 1836 money could not be found to complete the project and it was sold to the Metropolitan Church Building Fund, who finished the building. It was consecrated in 1839.
A temporary iron mission church was first established in Aden Grove in 1872. A district was assigned to the church in 1873, taken from the parishes of Saint Mary and Saint Matthias. In 1876 a permanent church was constructed in the Early English style, seating 800. The parish of All Saints was united with the parish of Saint Faith with Saint Matthias by Order in Council dated 23 November 1956; forming the parish of Saint Faith with Saint Matthias and All Saints. The Church of All Saints was subsequently closed and Saint Matthias Church became the parish church of the united parish.
From: 'Stoke Newington: Churches', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 8: Islington and Stoke Newington parishes (1985), pp. 204-211.