No information was available at the time of compilation.
No information was available at the time of compilation.
Sir (Henry) David St Leger Brooke Selwyn Cunynghame studied at St John's College Cambridge, where his tutors included Alfred Marshall, before pursuing a varied career in both law and the civil service. He was secretary and chair of many committees and Royal Commissions. Among his numerous outside interests, he was a keen amateur economist and his published work in that area was praised by John Maynard Keynes.
Born 1907; educated at Fonthill, East Grinstead, Sussex, the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, Devon, and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; commissioned into the Royal Artillery, 1927; service with 19 Bde Royal Artillery, British Army of Rhine, Germany, 1927-1929; Aide de Camp to Lt Gen Sir William Thwaites, General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, British Army of the Rhine, 1929; Lt, 1930; served with 19 Field Bde, Royal Artillery, 1930-1934; Capt, 1938; served in World War Two, 1939-1943; served in Belgium and France and commanded 29 Battery, 19 Field Regt Royal Artillery, 3 Infantry Bde, 1 Div, BEF (British Expeditionary Force), 1939-1940; temporary Maj, 1940; evacuated from Dunkirk, Operation DYNAMO, Jun 1940; Lt Col, 1942; Commander, Royal Artillery, 1 Airborne Div, 1942; killed in action during Operation FUSTIAN, the glider assault on the Ponte Grande bridge by 1 Air Landing Bde, 1 Airborne Div, Sicily, Jul 1943.
Charles William Crawley (1899-1992) was educated at Winchester and Trinity College, Cambridge University. He was a Fellow of Trinity Hall from 1924 to 1966, during which time he acted as Assistant Tutor (1927), Senior Tutor (1946-1958) and Vice-Master (1950-1966). He was University Lecturer in History from 1931-1966. His writings include The question of Greek independence, 1821-33 (1930); (ed)New Cambridge Modern History, Vol IX (1965); John Capodistrias: unpublished documents (1970); and Trinity Hall: the history of a Cambridge College, 1350-1975 (1976).
Samuel Crawley and John Sambrook Crawley are mentioned in these documents as 'of Beds'. The Crawley family were notable landowners in Bedfordshire, owning several manors there since 1519. A John Crawley was married to Susannah Vanacker Sambrooke of St. George Hanover Square, daughter of Sir Samuel Vanacker Sambrooke, and several pieces of property seem to have passed into the Crawley family through this connection.
No information at present
The firm of Crawter and Sons was founded in 1788 by Henry Crawter and still occupies the same premises at Turner's Hill, Cheshunt, Hertfordshire. Their activities as surveyors, valuers and estate agents and the extent of their business connections are shown in this collection. They seem to have been particularly concerned with the eastern part of Middlesex and Henry Crawter was an Enclosure Commissioner for Enfield. Crawter and Sons acted as receivers and managers for the Connop family estates in Middlesex and Hertfordshire.
According to "A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 5", the manor of Durants Place, known also as Durants, was sold to Newell Connop of Penton in Crediton (Devon) in 1793. Newell Connop died in 1831, leaving the manor to his son Woodham (d. 1868), whose widow Emily was lady of the manor in 1874. Newell Connop greatly enlarged the Durants estate from 150 acres near the manor-house. In 1787 he bought 285 acres around Enfield Highway and Ponders End, which formerly had belonged to Eliab Breton of Forty Hall, and circa 1792 he bought 462 acres of common-field land in the same area from Charles Bowles. In 1804 he purchased 168 acres from John Blackburn of Bush Hill, Edmonton, bringing his total estate in Enfield to 1,226 acres, most of it in the south-east part of the parish. Later purchases included Bury farm, 149 acres, in 1818. On Newell Connop's death his estates were divided among his family and on Woodham's death many were sold, with the manor. The copyhold lands in the 18th and 19th centuries consisted of cottages and small parcels in the south of the parish, mostly near Ponders End.
Born 1892; educated at Wellington and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst; commissioned into 7 Queen's Own Hussars, 1911; Lt, 1913; served in World War One, 1914-1918; Aide de Camp to Div Commander, Home Forces, 1914-1915; Staff Capt, France, 1917-1918; Capt, 1918; Bde Maj, France, 1918-1919; General Staff Officer 3, British Army of the Rhine, 1919; Adjutant, 7 Queen's Own Hussars, 1919-1922; Maj, 15/19 The King's Royal Hussars, 1924; Bde Maj, Southern Command, 1927-1929; General Staff Officer 2, War Office, 1929-1931; Brevet Lt Col, 1931; Lt Col, 1934; Commanding Officer, 15/19 The King's Royal Hussars, 1934-1938; Col, 1938; General Staff Officer 1, Senior Officers' School, Sheerness, Kent, 1938-1939; Inspector, Royal Armoured Corps, War Office, 1939; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; acting Maj Gen, 1939-1940; General Officer Commanding 7 Armoured Div, Western Desert, 1939-1941; temporary Maj Gen, 1940-1941; Maj Gen, 1941; created KBE, 1941; commanded 3 Armoured Group, 1941-1942; commanded Hampshire and Dorset District, 1942; retired 1944; UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration), 1944-1946; Deputy Chief of Mission to Greece; Chief of Emergency Supply Unit, European Regional Office; Chief of European Regional Office Voluntary Society Liaison Unit.died 1970.
Isleworth Grammar School originated in a charity school founded in 1715 using a bequest from William Cave, vicar of Isleworth. It was known as the Blue School after the uniforms issued to the children. In 1896 it moved to St John's Road. The name changed to Isleworth Grammar School by 1958.
From: A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3: Shepperton, Staines, Stanwell, Sunbury, Teddington, Heston and Isleworth, Twickenham, Cowley, Cranford, West Drayton, Greenford, Hanwell, Harefield and Harlington (1962), pp. 133-137.
Dr Edward Hodges Cree was born on January 14th 1814, Devonport. He studied medicine at Dublin and Edinburgh Universities, graduating from the latter in 1837, receiving his M.R.C.S and M.D ten years after. Cree entered the Navy in 1837 where the journals begin, which subsequently continue until 1861. Cree's first appointment began in 1837 as assistant surgeon to the ROYAL ADELAIDE, ordered to do duty at the Naval Hospital, Stonehouse. He then establishes his career as a surgeon on board His Majesties vessels VOLCANO, CEYLON, FIREFLY, RATTLESNAKE, VIXEN, FURY, SPARTAN, EAGLE, RUSSELL, ORION and SATURN. Throughout his career he visited many parts of the world, including the Far East, where he witnessed actions in the First Opium War of 1839-42. His service led him to take action against piratical Chinese fleets, engagements and actions against the Russians in the Baltic; and was involved in the final stages of the Crimean War, being present at the Capture of Sebastopol and Kinburn. The water-colour illustrations and sketches contained within his journals create and rich and colourful depiction of the period whilst serving in the Navy. In addition, the book entitled The Cree Journals: The Voyages of Edward H Cree, Surgeon R.N., as related in his private journals, 1837-1856, edited by Michael Levien; is a useful supplement to the collection.
Born in Birmingham in 1811, Thomas Creswick studied under J V Barber and is best known for his landscapes of the north of England and Wales. He was London-based, and from 1828 exhibited 266 works at the Royal Academy, the British Institute and elsewhere. He died in 1869.
No information was available at the time of compilation.
Born 1908; educated at the Merchant Taylors' School, London; service with 342 (Hertford) Battery, 86 (East Anglian), Hertfordshire Yeomanry Field Regt, Royal Artillery, Territorial Army, 1928-1940 and 1947-1951; Lt, 1931; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; service with 121 Medium Regt, Royal Artillery, in the Western Desert, Tunisia, Italy and North West Europe, 1941-1945; acting Lt Col, 1945; Lt Col, 1947; Brevet Col, 1951; Deputy Lieutenant for Hertfordshire, 1951-1968; County Commissioner, Scouts, West Cumberland, 1958; County Commissioner, Scouts, Cumberland, 1968-1971; Deputy Lieutenant for Cumberland, 1968-[1973]; died 1986.
William Cribb was a dresser to George Martin, Surgeon at St Thomas's Hospital, 1778.
Joseph Else was Surgeon to St Thomas's Hospital, London from 1768 to 1780. He was appointed Lecturer in Anatomy and Surgery in 1768 on the unification of the medical schools of St Thomas's and Guy's Hospitals.
Publications: An essay on the cure of the hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis testis (London, 1770); The works of ... J. E., ... containing a treatise on the hydrocele, and other papers on different subjects in surgery. To which is added, an appendix, containing some cases of hydrocele ... by G Vaux (London, 1782); [An account of a successful method of treating sore legs.] Méthode avantageuse de traiter les ulcères des jambes in [Surgical tracts, containing a treatise upon ulcers of the legs.] Traité sur les ulcères des jambes, etc by Michael Underwood MD pp 217-228 (1744 [1784]).
The manuscript was written by the Venetian scribe Marcus de Cribellariis (or Marco di Vicenza). Additions were made to the manuscript by Caleb W Wing, who produced a series of lithographical local views distributed by the Royal Marine Library, Brighton, 1826. He was living in London and producing portrait miniatures, c1836, and subsequently produced hundreds of 'medieval' and 'Renaissance' miniature illuminations. Originally employed to restore damaged items for John Boykett Jarman, c1846, he subsequently produced new work for insertion into genuine medieval and Renaissance books, most directly copied or adapted from genuine works; it is unclear whether his additions were intended to deceive, for although he was known as a professional facsimilist, his work was sometimes regarded subsequently as genuine. He died in 1875. John Boykett Jarman was a collector and dealer with premises off Bond Street; his illuminated manuscripts were seriously damaged by flood water in 1846. He died in 1864.
Born 1913; educated at Minehead Modern School, Somerset, Latymer Upper School, London, King's College London and Heidelberg University, Germany; Acting Vice Consul and Vice Consul, British Consulate General, Free City of Danzig, 1938-1939; service in World War Two, 1939-1945; enlisted in Army, 1939; commissioned, 1940; Intelligence Officer, Auxiliary Units, General Headquarters Home Forces, and Instructor in irregular warfare, 1940-1941; Instructor, German Interrogation Course, Cambridge, 1941; posted to Middle East, 1941; Intelligence Officer, Headquarters 8 Army, Egypt and Libya, 1941-1942; General Staff Officer 3, General Headquarters Middle East, and Headquarters 10 Corps, Jun-Sep 1942; General Staff Officer 3, Headquarters 8 Army, 1942-1943; General Staff Officer 2, Instructor on War Intelligence Course, School of Military Intelligence, Matlock, Derbyshire, 1943-1944; served in North West Europe, 1944-1945; Maj, General Staff Officer 2, Operational Intelligence, G2 Division, Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces (SHAEF), 1944-1945; General Staff Officer 2, Tactical Headquarters 21 Army Group and Headquarters British Army of the Rhine, 1945; Deputy Head of Political Intelligence Section, Headquarters British Army of the Rhine, 1945; demobilised, Dec 1945; Personal Assistant, Messrs Williams and Williams, Chester and London, 1946; Senior Research Officer, Joint Intelligence Bureau, 1946-1948; Joint Services Staff College, 1948; Deputy Assistant Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau, 1950-1953; British Joint Services Mission, Washington DC, USA, 1953-1956; awarded OBE, 1956; Assistant Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau, 1957-1963; Imperial Defence College, 1960; Counsellor, British Embassy, Washington DC, USA, 1963-1965; Chairman, Joint Intelligence Staff, Cabinet Office, 1965-1968; Assistant Director (Economic Intelligence), Defence Intelligence Staff, Ministry of Defence, 1968-1973; Director of Economic Intelligence, Defence Intelligence Staff, Ministry of Defence, 1970-1973; Deputy Chief Adviser to Commercial Union Assurance Company Limited, 1973-1978; died 1995. Publications: Die Persönlichkeit Johann Christian Günthers (Heinrich Fahrer, Heidelberg-Handschuhsheim, Germany, 1938); translation, with Douglas Scott and R F C Hull, of Existence and being by Martin Heidegger (Vision, London, 1949); translation, with E E Thomas, of Ostasien denkt anders (The mind of East Asia) by Lily Abegg (Thames, London, 1952); In the caves of the mind. Poems by Alan Crick (Privately published, Rye, Sussex, 1992).
Cricklewood Synagogue was first established in a private house on Walm Lane, used for worship from 1928. It was initially known as the Willesden Green and Cricklewood Hebrew Congregation. In 1931 a synagogue was constructed next door to the house, and was admitted as a Constituent member of the United Synagogue in the same year, changing its name to Cricklewood Synagogue. In 1989 the main synagogue building was sold and the congregation moved into a smaller hall. The Synagogue was closed in 2005.
The Cripplegate Schools Foundation was constituted by a Board of Education scheme on 30 December 1904 to administer the Red Cross Street Boys' School and Lady Holles School for Girls. A school for 100 boys was first opened in White Cross Street in 1698, later moving to Glovers' Hall and Barbican. In 1709 a plot of land in Red Cross Street was purchased with a bequest from Thomas Moore and a new school was built there. Part of the premises was leased to the trustees of Lady Holles' School, which had been established in 1711 for the education of 50 girls. The Boys' School remained in Red Cross Street until 1864, when it moved to Bridgewater Square. Lady Holles School relocated to Hackney in 1878. Its current premises, at Hampton in Middlesex, opened in 1935.
The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council.
One of the twenty-six wards of the City of London, lying at the north of the City and being within and without the City wall; see also records specifically of Cripplegate Within Ward (CLC/W/HH) and Cripplegate Without Ward (CLC/W/HI). The ward contained seven City parish churches: St Mary Aldermanbury, St Alban Wood Street, St Olave Silver Street, St Alphage London Wall, St Michael Wood Street, St Giles Cripplegate and St Mary Magdalen Milk Street.
The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council. The Cripplegate ward lies at the north of the City and is both within and without the City wall. The ward contained seven City parish churches: St Mary Aldermanbury, St Alban Wood Street, St Olave Silver Street, St Alphage London Wall, St Michael Wood Street, St Giles Cripplegate and St Mary Magdalen Milk Street.
Described as "an association for the ratepayers of St Giles Cripplegate, for the purpose of ... interchange of ideas upon the various subjects which arise affecting the interests of the ratepayers", this Association discussed the municipal and administrative matters relative to Cripplegate ward without and St Giles Cripplegate parish (especially vestry reform).
The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council.
One of the twenty-six wards of the City of London, lying at the north of the City and being within and without the City wall; see also records specifically of Cripplegate Without Ward (CLC/W/HI). The ward contained seven City parish churches: St Mary Aldermanbury, St Alban Wood Street, St Olave Silver Street, St Alphage London Wall, St Michael Wood Street, St Giles Cripplegate and St Mary Magdalen Milk Street.
The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council. Cripplegate Ward lies at the north of the City and has two parts, 'within' and 'without' the City wall.
The ward school was established in the 18th century, from at least 1712. In 1713 the school admitted girls. The Boys and Girls Schools from their foundation, used hired buildings, chiefly premises in Philip Lane. The school was closed in 1892 and the charitable funds administered by the Aldersgate Ward School.
The City of London was divided into wards for the purpose of government as early as Norman times. The wards had responsibility to keep the peace, supervise trade and oversee sanitation, and each ward has the right to elect an Alderman and Commoners to sit in the Court of Common Council.
One of the twenty-six wards of the City of London, lying at the north of the City and being within and without the City wall; see also records specifically of Cripplegate Within Ward (CLC/W/HH). The ward contained seven City parish churches: St Mary Aldermanbury, St Alban Wood Street, St Olave Silver Street, St Alphage London Wall, St Michael Wood Street, St Giles Cripplegate and St Mary Magdalen Milk Street.
A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.
Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.
An assignment of a lease is the transfer of the rights laid out in the lease to another party, usually for a consideration (a sum of money).
A covenant or deed of covenant was an agreement entered into by one of the parties to a deed to another. A covenant for production of title deeds was an agreement to produce deeds not being handed over to a purchaser, while a covenant to surrender was an agreement to surrender copyhold land.
From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".
Crocker Brothers Limited of Bath Street, Bristol, was established in 1944 in association with Bristol Brewery Georges, as a subsidiary of that company. In liquidation December 1963: books to Courage (Western) Ltd.
John Croft was born in Pettinghoe, near Newhaven, in Sussex, in 1833. He was educated at the Hackney Church of England School. He was apprentice to Thomas Evans, of Burwash, in Sussex, and entered St Thomas's Hospital in 1850, where he served as House Surgeon. He acted as Surgeon to the Dreadnought Seamen's Hospital Ship from 1855-1860, and then returned to St Thomas's Hospital to become Demonstrator of Anatomy and Surgical Registrar. He was appointed Resident Assistant Surgeon in 1863, and Assistant Surgeon, and then Surgeon in 1871. He was elected Consulting Surgeon in 1891. He was also Surgeon to the Surrey Dispensary, to the National Truss Society, to the Magdalen hospital at Streatharn, and to the National Provident Assurance Society. He was elected a member of the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1882 and resigned in 1890, after serving as Vice-President in 1889 and acting on the Court of Examiners from 1881-1886.
Cecil Frederick Crofton (whose real name was Frederick Martin) was a versatile actor who appeared in a large variety of parts in the chief London theatres and the provinces, along with parts in pantomimes during the 1880s and 1890s. After considerable experience on the amateur stage, he made his first professional apearance in 1882 in Wilson Barrett's Lights o'London company at the Old Princess' Theatre. After further performances at the Royalty and the Avenue (now the Playhouse) he went on to tour the country as Charles II in Nell Gwynne, shortly after followed by appearances in The Countess and the Dancer and Camille at the Olympic in 1886. In 1889, he took the part of George Ralston in Jim the Penman at the Shaftesbury Theatre, which was also to go on tour in 1893. He took the part of Spooner in the revival of Formosa in 1891, and followed with parts in The Prince and the Pauper at the Vaudeville and Brighton at the Criterion. He played Montague Helston in Watching and Waiting, which he produced at the Vaudeville, and he was also Antony Crabb in The Custom House at the same theatre. In 1894, he went on tour in The Late Lamented, and, after appearances in The Middlemen as Epiphany Danks and in The Professor's Love Story as Dr Yellowlees, it could be said that his career effectively came to a close. Crofton died in November 1935.
Thomas Crofton Croker was born in Cork in 1798. He worked as a clerk while pursuing artistic and antiquarian pursuits, at first in Ireland and then in London. He published mostly on Irish history and folklore. In 1827 he was elected a fellow of the Soceity of Antiquaries, and in 1839 helped to found the Camden Society. In 1843 he joined the committee of the British Archaeological Association. He died in 1854.
Dorothea Crompton, fl 1901-1924, was a pupil at Guildhall School of Music and Drama and a concert singer. She died in 1965.
Two memorial prizes were established at the GSMD in memory of Dorothea Crompton. In November 1971 the Music Committee reported to Common Council that a Miss Louisa Band had offered the sum of £450 for a prize to be awarded in memory of Miss Dorothea Crompton, a former pupil of the School. The prize was to be awarded annually for the singing of music by J S Bach at the discretion of the Principal in consultation with the Director of Music, the Head of Singing and the Head of General Musicianship at the School. The offer was accepted by Common Council and a trust deed was ordered to be executed.
In February 1974 a further offer from Miss Band to establish a second memorial prize was received by Common Council. On this occasion Common Council accepted the sum of £495 to provide an annual prize to be awarded at the discretion of the Principal for Lieder or Chanson in alternate years or to be divided between the two subjects in any one year if the students performance warranted it.
Richard Ernest Crompton was a 41-year-old gas-inspector in Bolton who enlisted in the RAMC in August 1915 for the duration of the war and served with the 93rd Field Ambulance. He was a widower with two daughters, Celia and Dora, apparently being looked after by his sister-in-law, Margaret Rushton.
Samuel Crompton was born in Berry Fold House, Over Darwen, Lancashire, in 1817. He was apprenticed to his uncle Samuel Barton, an opthalmic surgeon in Manchester (possibly 1790-1871; MRCS 1811 and FRCS 1844; surgeon to the Manchester Eye Hospital from 1815). He received his medical education partly at the Manchester School of Medicine, Pine Street, and St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, from 1838. He became a Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, and a Licentiate of the Apothecaries Society in 1839, and later MD St Andrews, in 1862. He returned to Manchester to practice in 1840. He became surgeon to Henshaw's Blind Asylum, Old Trafford, c 1849. He was Consultant Physician at Salford Royal Hospital and Dispensary. He published a treatise entitled Results of an Investigation into the Causes of Blindness, with Practical Suggestions for the Preservation of the Eyesight, in 1849. He retired to Cranleigh, Surrey, in 1881. He died in 1891.
Tom Pearson Cromwell was born in 1909 and educated at Bradford High School, and at Christ's College, Cambridge. He joined the Colonial Administrative Service in 1932 and served as a cadet in Malaya until 1939. He was interned from 1942-1945. In 1945 he conducted a survey on Chinese schools in Malaya. He became the Assistant Secretary for Chinese Affairs in Malaya in 1946, holding the Portfolio of Labour in Sarawak by 1947. In 1953, he was appointed Director of Social Welfare in Singapore. From 1957 until he retired in 1960, he held the post of Departmental Secretary in the Ministry of Local Government, Lands and Housing.
Gerald Roe Crone was born in Willesden on 16 September 1899; educated at Kilburn Grammar School, 1910-1917 and St John's College, Cambridge, graduating in history. Crone spent one year working at Trinity College Library before beginning work at the Royal Geographical Society from 1923. He was proposed for a Fellowship by the Librarian Edward Heawood in 1934, and during World War Two it was Crone who largely facilitated the continued running of the Society. Crone was appointed Librarian and Map Curator in 1945; received the Murchison Grant in 1954 and was presented with the Victoria Medal in 1966 for 'outstanding contributions ... to the history of cartography and to the history of geographical thought'. He was a member of the International Geographical Union's Commission on Ancient Maps and played a significant role in Imago Mundi. Crowe died 6 October 1982.
Hornsey Lane runs between Crouch End Hill and Highgate Hill and includes the bridge of Highgate Archway. It forms the boundary between Islington and Haringey boroughs. The street did not become built up until the 1870s, when a train station (now closed) was constructed at the Crouch End Hill end of Hornsey Lane.
Nigeria obtained its independence on 1 October 1960, having been formerly under British rule. In the same year a Federal Government based on the parliamentary system was created. Elections had been held in 1959, centred on a number of ruling parties including the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC), which had control of the Eastern region and was led by Nnamdi Azikiwe; the Northern People's Congress (NPC), which had control of the Northern region and was led by Ahmadu Bello; and the Action Group (AG), which had control of the Western region and was led by Obafemi Awolowo. No party won a majority during the elections, and the NPC joined with the NCNC to form the government. When independence arrived in 1960, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa was made Prime Minister and Nnamdi Azikiwe was made Governor General.
In 1962, part of the Action group split off to form the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP), led by S. I. Akintola. In 1963, the Mid-Western Region was formed from part of the Western Region. In 1963, Nigeria became a Federal Republic with Nnamdi Azikiwe as President. A great deal of controversy followed the 1963 population census, which the NCNC felt overestimated the number of people in the Northern Region, giving them a greater representation in the federal parliament. In January 1966, a group of Igbo army officials staged a coup d'etat to overthrow the government, killing Balewa, Bello and Akintola and placing General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi in charge of the new military government. He suspended the regional constitution, dissolved all legislative bodies, banned political parties and formed a Federal Military Government that was more central in nature.
There were strong suspicions that Aguiyi-Ironsi favoured the Igbo (Ibo) over other ethnic groups, fuelled by the fact that the military government did not prosecute the army officers responsible for killing the northern leaders. Many northerners saw the coup as a plot to make the Igbo dominant in Nigeria, and there was hostility from the Muslim population. Fighting broke out between the northerners and the Igbo, and in July 1966 a group of northern army officers revolted against the government, killed General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, and appointed the army Chief of Staff, General Yakubu Gowon, as head of the new military government. In 1967, Gowon moved to split the existing 4 regions of Nigeria into 12 states. The military governor of the Eastern Region, Colonel Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, refused to accept the division of the Eastern Region and declared that this region would become an independent republic, named Biafra. This led to a civil war between Biafra and the remainder of Nigeria. The war began in June 1967 and continued until Biafra surrendered on 15 January 1970. Over 1 million people died during the conflict.
Born in Sydney, Australia, 1914; read Physics and Chemistry, University of Melbourne, -1937; Commonwealth of Australia Travelling Scholarship to England for a PhD at Cambridge University; worked on gas gangrene at University College Hospital Medical School; Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Second World War; Rothamsted staff, 1945-1947; Lecturer, Biochemistry Department, University College London (UCL), 1947-1952; Reader, UCL, 1952-1963; Head of the Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, 1963; Emeritus Professor of the University of London, 1982; died, 1993.
Born, 1848; educated: Tipperary Grammar School; Trinity College, Dublin; Indian Civil Service, 1871-1895; Collector and Magistrate at various times of the districts of Saharanpur, Gorakhpur, Mirzapur in the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh; wrote prolifically on India, particularly on Ethnology, Anthropology and Folklore; died, 1923.
Born 1915; educated at Wellington College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst; commissioned into the Cheshire Regt, 1935; served in Palestine, 1936-1939; Lt, 1938; served in World War Two, 1939-1945; Capt, 1943; Bde Maj, 6 Airlanding Bde, 1943-1944; Commanding Officer, 9 Bn, The Parachute Regt, 1944-1946; awarded DSO, 1945; General Staff Officer 2, Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1946-1948; Maj, 1948; General Staff Officer 1, School of Land/Air Warfare, 1950-1952; General Staff Officer 1 (Plans) to FM Sir Gerald (Walter Robert) Templer, Director of Operations, Malaya, 1952-1954; awarded OBE, 1954; Brevet Lt Col, 1954; Col General Staff, Manoeuvre Planning Staff, Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), 1955-1957; Lt Col, 1957; Col, 1957; Deputy Commandant, JSA [Joint Services Academy] Warfare Centre and Chief Instructor, Staff Training Wing, 1957-1958; commanded 16 Parachute Bde, 1960-1961; Imperial Defence College, 1962; Director, Land/Air Warfare Ministry of Defence (Army Department), 1964-1966; awarded CB, 1966; Commandant, Royal Military College of Science, Shrivenham, Oxfordshire, 1967-1969; General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Command, 1969-1972; Col, The Cheshire Regt, 1969-1971; created KCB, 1970; Col Commandant, The Prince of Wales Div, 1971-1974; retired 1972; Trustee, Imperial War Museum, London, 1973-1983; Director, South East Regional Board, Lloyds Bank Limited, 1973-1986; Chairman, Soldiers', Sailors' and Airmen's Families Association, 1974-1985; Lieutenant, HM Tower of London, 1975-1981; Vice President, Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies, 1978-1985; Director, Flextech Limited, 1978-1986; Deputy Lieutenant, Kent, 1979. Died 2002
William Crookes was born the son of Joseph Crookes, tailor, and Mary Scott in London, in 1832. His education was irregular but eventually he attended A W Hofmann's Royal College of Chemistry in London in 1848. In 1850 he became Hofmann's assistant until 1854. He attended lectures at the Royal Institution of Great Britain (RI) given by Michael Faraday (1791-1867). In 1854 he was Superintendent of the Meteorological Department of the Radcliffe Astronomical Observatory in Oxford. In 1854 he worked with John Spiller on the collodion process of photography and improved it. In 1855 he taught chemistry at the College of Science in Chester. In 1856, he researched into photography and compiled a Handbook to the Waxed-Paper Process in Photography (Chapman and Hall, 1857). He also undertook the editorship of the Liverpool Photographic Journal in 1856, and in 1857 he became Secretary of the London Photographic Society, a position he held until 1858. He was also the editor and proprietor of the weekly Chemical News journal from 1859. In 1856 he married Ellen Humphrey and they subsequently had ten children. Crookes researched into spectra and in 1861 he discovered a new element which he called thallium. In 1863 he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society (RS). In 1865 he discovered the process of extracting precious metals from ores, however it had already been discovered in America and Crookes had to negotiate half rights over patents for using sodium amalgam, only to be superseded by the discovery of potassium cyanide as the best solvent of gold. From 1867 he became interested in spiritualism, which affected his views on science. By 1870 he decided to investigate spiritualism as a scientist and prove the existence of psychic force, an investigation which caused him to lose some respect as a scientist. Despite this, he developed the technique of determining the atomic weight of thallium. In 1873 he wrote the paper `Attraction and Repulsion resulting from Radiation' published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society; this resulted in his invention of the radiometer in 1875. In 1876 he researched into radiant matter and found that molecular pressure was the result of radiant matter being affected by magnets. In the 1880s he worked on incandescent lamps for electricity. He became Director of the Electric Light and Power Company in 1881 and patented his designs on incandescent lamps, however he sold these as newer and better designs developed. In c1891 he became Director and later Chairman of the Notting Hill Electric Light Company which prospered in its time. In 1890 he was elected President of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. In 1897 he was elected President of the Society for Psychical Research and in the same year he was knighted. He gave lectures on making diamonds at the RI in 1897 and became its Honorary Secretary in 1900 a position he held until 1912. In 1908 he was elected Foreign Secretary of the RS until 1913 when he was elected President of the RS, a position he held until 1915. He published papers in journals such as Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, as well as Proceedings of the Royal Society and in Chemical News. He died in 1919.
Refer to collection.
Francis Graham Crookshank was born in 1873. He was educated at University College London and qualified in 1894. He worked in resident appointments at University College Hospital, the Brompton Hospital, and the Northampton County Asylum. After this he began general practice at Barnes. During World War One he served in France as medical director of the English Military Hospital at Caen, and later as a captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps. After the war he worked at the London Hospital, the Prince of Wales General Hospital, St Marks Hospital and the French Hospital. At this time he became interested in the psychological and philosophical aspects of medicine, and contributed to standard works on psychology and psycho-analysis. He helped to form a medical group that became known as the Medical Society of Individual Psychology. He became Bradshaw lecturer at the Royal College of Physicians, in 1926. He died in 1933.
The Reverend Frederick Goldsworthy Croom was curate of St Saviour's Southwark, 1897-1899, assistant missioner, then missioner of Charterhouse Mission, Bermondsey, 1899-1911, vicar of St Michael's, Mark Street, Shoreditch, 1911-1925, and vicar of St Cuthbert's, Philbeach Gardens, Kensington, 1925-1936. He was also commissary for the Bishop of Zululand from 1903.
Arthur Lampard opened a branch of Harrisons and Crosfield Limited (CLC/B/112) in Colombo in 1895. The office was known as Crosfield, Lampard and Company. The Company was absorbed into Harrisons and Crosfield Limited when it became a limited company in 1908. From 1908/9 see Harrisons and Crosfield Colombo branch records (CLC/B/112-015).
The records of Crosfield, Lampard and Company include accounts of early plantation estates, including the Hopton Estate, which (with other estates) formed the nucleus of Lunuva (Ceylon) Tea and Rubber Estates Limited (CLC/B/112-111).
Crosfield, Lampard and Company also had North American offices in Montreal, New York and Chicago.
The branch of Crosfield, Lampard and Company which opened in Kuala Lumpur in November 1907 was purchased by Barker & Company Limited in June 1922, at the time of the formation of Harrisons, Barker and Company Limited.
This Company was formed in 1903/04 to cater for Harrisons and Crosfield Limited's (CLC/B/112) expanding trade in tea with wholesale importers in the USA and Canada. Branches in Chicago, New York and Montreal were opened in 1904/05. Crosfield, Lampard, Clark and Company was one of the companies merged into Harrisons and Crosfield Limited when it became a limited company in 1908.
For records after 1908 see Harrisons and Crosfield's branches in Montreal (CLC/B/112-011, Ms 37199-207), Chicago and New York (CLC/B/112-016, Ms 37310-11), Irwin Harrisons and Whitney (CLC/B/112-089, Ms 37531-40), and Harrisons and Crosfield (Canada) Limited (CLC/B/112-067, Ms 37562-9).
Joseph Dickenson Croskey, citizen and painter-stainer, was a textile merchant and furrier, with premises successively at 19 Friday Street and 2 Mansion House Street. JD Croskey became senior partner of Brunswick and Company on the death of Christopher Brunswick. The partners in Croskey, Pook and Brunswick were JD Croskey, John Pook and Charles Brunswick.
Anthony Crosland was educated at Highgate School and Trinity College, Oxford. He graduated in PPE in 1946, following war service in Italy, and was a lecturer and fellow of Trinity College from 1947-1950. He was Labour MP for South Gloucester 1950-1955 and for Grimsby 1959-1977. He was Minister of State for Economic Affairs 1964-1965, Secretary of State for Education and Science 1965-1967, for Local Government and Regional Planning 1969-1970, and for the Environment 1974-1976, and Foreign Secretary 1976-1977. He was also secretary of the Independent Commission into the Co-operative Movement, 1956-1958, and a member of the Consumer's Council, 1958-1963. He married Susan Catling in 1964.
No information was available at the time of compilation.