Born, 1892; studied at the Royal School of Mines (Imperial College), 1910-1914; staff, from 1923, Reader in Metallurgy, 1937, Professor of Metallurgy, 1945-1957, Royal School of Mines; died, 1961.
Edward George Dannreuther, born in Strasbourg, 4 Nov 1844; family moved to Cincinnati, where his father established a piano factory, 1846; took lessons from Frederick L Ritter and entered the Leipzig Conservatory, 1860; made first complete performance in England of Chopin's F minor Piano Concerto and Beethoven's Fourth Piano Concerto to critical acclaim, 1863; toured USA with Carl Rosa and Euphrosyne Parepa and wrote an account of his travels for Charles Dickens' journal All the Year Round, 1865; with Karl Klindworth, Frits Hartvigson, Walter Bache and Alfred Hipkins, formed the Working Men's Society, 1865; founded the London Wagner Society, 1872; conducted two of its series of concerts, 1873-1874; became a close friend of Richard Wagner and did much to promote the London Wagner Festival, 1877; produced numerous writings and lectures on Wagner, 1870s-1880s; became President of the London Wagner Society, 1895; wrote numerous articles on German music, particularly that of Wagner; gave a series of semi-private chamber concerts held at his home at Orme Square, London, which introduced works by Brahms, Scharwenka, Sgambati, Tchaikovsky, Rheinberger, Stanford, Parry and Richard Strauss to English audiences for the first time, 1876-1893; taught Hubert Parry, J A Fuller Maitland, Frederick Dawson, William Hurlstone and James Friskin. took over from Ernst Pauer as a piano professor at the Royal College of Music, 1895; died in London, 12 Feb 1905.
The son of Edward George Dannreuther (1844-1905), pianist and writer, Hubert Edward Dannreuther was born on 12 December 1880. Following in his older brother Tristan's footsteps, he joined HMS BRITTANIA as a naval cadet in 1895. He was appointed Chief Naval cadet in 1896 and in 1897 he went to the Australia Station as midshipman on HMS FLORA, and, whilst in Australia, served on HMS ORRLANDO and HMS ROYAL ARTHUR. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1902. From 1911-1912 he was a Gunnery Lieutenant on HMS EXMOUTH, flagship of the Mediterranean Fleet. Whilst in this post, he commanded a guard of honour for the official landing of the King in Malta in January 1912. During the First World War he saw action whilst Gunnery Lieutenant of HMS INVINCIBLE, then the flagship of Admiral Sturdee, at Heligoland Blight on 28 August 1914 and also, at the Battle of the Falkland Islands on 8 December 1914. In relation to the latter, he was mentioned in despatches and promoted to Commander in Jan 1915. Hubert Edward Dannreuther was the most senior of the survivors from HMS INVINCIBLE, then the flagship of Admiral Hood, when she was blown up at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May 1916 with the loss of 1025 men. After 20 minutes in the freezing waters, he was picked up by HMS BADGER. Mentioned in despatches and awarded the DSO and the Russian Order of St Anne, he was granted a special audience with the King and Queen at Buckingham Palace on 4 June 1916 to give an account of the action. From 1916-1918 Dannreuther served as Commander of HMS RENOWN and, from 1919-20, on HMS EXCELLENT. In 1917 he was awarded the French Croix de Guerre with palms. Made a Captain in 1920, he served as the Vice-President of the Chemical warfare Committee from 1920-1923 and served on HMS DAUNTLESS from 1924-1926. He was Captain - Superintendent of Training, HM Australian Navy and in command of the Flinders Naval Depot in Australia from 1927-1929. He was Captain of HMS EAGLE 1929-1930. From 1931-1932 he served as the Commodore of the Royal Naval Barracks in Portsmouth and was appointed Naval Aide-de Camp to the King from 23 Sep 1932 before being promoted to Rear-Admiral in the same year, whereupon he was put on the retired list. He married Janie Hay Thorborn in 1916 and they had 3 children, Hubert Harold (1917), Ion Alexander (1920) and Raymond Portal (1923).
Hubert Harold Dannreuther, the son of Rear-Admiral Harold Edward Dannreuther and the brother of Captain Raymond Portal Dannreuther, entered the Navy as a cadet in 1934, training on HMS FROBISHER. He then served as a midshipman on HMS AJAX on the American and West Indies Station. He was appointed Sub-Lieutenant on HMS KENT, China Station, in January 1938. On the eve of the Second World War, in June 1939, he was promoted to lieutenant and during the war he served on HMS COSSACK before becoming an assistant gunnery officer on HMS HOWE. After attending the gunnery school at HMS EXCELLENT in Portsmouth in 1943, Hubert Harold Dannreuther was posted to HMS QULLIAM followed by HMS EURYALUS. On 30 Jun 1957 Hubert Harold Dannreuther was appointed a captain, having been a Commander since December 1951 in charge of HMS STRIKER, HMS DIAMOND AND HMS EXCELLENT. Hubert Harold Dannreuther retired from The Royal Navy in 1966. Hubert Harold Dannreuther married Oriole Angela Burdett-Coutts and they had two daughters and one son.
Raymond Portal Dannreuther, the son of Rear-Admiral Harold Edward Dannreuther and the brother of Captain Hubert Harold Dannreuther, entered the Royal Navy as a cadet attending the Royal Naval College in Dartmouth. He then served as a midshipman on the cruiser HMS KENYA, Home Fleet from September 1940, the destroyer HMS LAFOREY, Home Fleet and then on the battleship HMS MALAYA from June 1942. After attending gunnery school on HMS EXCELLENT in 1942 he was promoted to Sun-Lieutenant and posted to the destroyer HMS RELENTLESS, South Africa, Eastern Fleet. After being promoted to Lieutenant in 1944 he served consecutively on HMS LEWES, HMS PYTCHLEY, HMS CAMPERDOWN. Raymond Portal Dannreuther then attended the gunnery school at HMS EXCELLENT in Portsmouth and was then posted to HMS DRAKE, HMS CUMBERLAND and HMS PRESIDENT, being promoted to Commander in 1954. In 1960 he joined the staff of the Surface Division in the Weapons Department of the Admiralty. On 31 Dec 1962 Raymond Portal Dannreuther became a captain and was posted to HMS UNDAUNTED. From 1968 to 1969 he was the Director of Naval Operational Requirements, Ministry of Defence in the Navy Department. He became a Naval ADC to the Queen from 1971 to 1972 and retired from The Royal Navy in 1973. In 1961 Raymond Portal Dannreuther married Elizabeth Bourne and they had 2 sons.
Dannreuther entered the Navy as a cadet in 1885 and trained in HMS BRITANNIA. In 1887 he went to sea as midshipman in HMS GARNET which was posted to the East Indies Station. He was in HMS INFLEXIBLE, Mediterranean, in 1891, after which he specialized in navigation. From 1892 to 1894 he served in HMS IRIS and HMS FOXHOUND in home waters. He was appointed lieutenant of HMS MELITA in 1894, serving in the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, and took part in the Dongola expedition of 1896. Dannreuther was in HMS LEANDER in the Pacific from 1897 to 1900. He subsequently served in HMS ARIADNE and HMS HOOD, Mediterranean, HMS LEVIATHAN, China Station, and HMS BACHANTE, HMS ROXBOROUGH and HMS VINDICTIVE in home waters. He was promoted to commander in 1905 and served in HMS LEVIATHAN and HMS AMPHITRITE on manoeuvres, 1895-1899 the Home Station from 1906 to 1907 and in HMS KENT on the China Station, 1907 to 1909. In 1911 he was appointed to command HME INTREPID, one of the early minelayers, and from 1914 to 1915 was engaged in the same capacity on HMS MARS. In 1915 he commanded HMS KINFAUNS CASTLE at the Cape of Good Hope and, from 1916 to 1919, HMS PATUCA, on convoy escort duties in northern waters. He was promoted to captain in 1918. Dannreuther's last appointment was as one of the Assistant Directors of Naval Intelligence from 1919 to 1921.
Arthur Dukinfield Darbishire (1879-1915) studied heredity. He conducted studies on mice at Balliol College Oxford and Owens College Manchester.
Helen Darbishire (1881-1961), sister of Alfred Dukinfield Darbishire, was Principal of Somerville College Oxford (1931-1945).
Dare first went to sea in 1878 as an apprentice with Shallcross and Higham of Liverpool and much of his early service was spent on the west coast of South America. He took his second mate's certificate in 1883, but was dogged by ill health and did not take the first mate's and master's certificates until 1891 and 1894. He then went into steam, sailing first with the Bedouin Steam Navigation Company and later with F. Leyland and Company, both of Liverpool. Failing health finally forced him to leave the sea in 1901 and he retired to his home town of Leicester.
Darenth Asylum for 'imbeciles and school for imbecile children', was erected in 1878 by the managers of the Metropolitan Asylum district (Metropolitan Asylums Board), and constituted one of the largest establishments of its kind. The buildings, at a cost of ten thousand pounds, and were designed by the architects Messrs C and A Harston, of London in the Gothic style. A new wing was added in 1888 at a cost of fifty thousand pounds, to hold 400 'imbecile' children, and a smallpox convalescent hospital was built in Darenth wood, at a cost of sixty-three thousand pounds, for a further 600 patients. The school was used to house nearly 1,000 'imbecile' children and the asylum accommodated 1,500 adults. The grounds and farm comprise about 170 acres, including a small part of Darenth wood. The asylum had its own gas works and the water supply was derived from a well 250 foot deep, the water was then pumped to the two tower tanks at the rate of about 100,000 gallons per day; sewage was disposed of by irrigation on the farm land. One acre of the ground was set apart and consecrated as a cemetery.
The Asylum was one of the first to attempt to train and develop mentally disabled children, by offering schooling and industrial training. So that this training should not have to be stopped at age 16, and trained children return to general asylums where their skills would not be used, the Darenth Adult Asylum was constructed on land adjacent to the school and opened in 1880.
Name changes:
Darenth Asylum and Schools (1878 - 1913)
Darenth Industrial Colony (1913 - 1920)
Darenth Training Colony (1920 - 1937).
In 1937 the name changed to Darenth Park Hospital.
With the creation of National Health Service (NHS) the hospital came under control of South East Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board (1948-74) and was managed by Dartford and Darenth Hospital Management Committee (1948-74). From 1974 it came under Dartford and Gravesham District Health Authority, part of South East Thames Regional Health Authority. The hospital closed in 1988. The successor authority as of 2010 was Dartford and Gravesham NHS Trust.
See also website managed by Francine Payne: http://www.dartfordhospitalhistories.org.uk/ (correct as of August 2010).
The Darenth Valley in Kent follows the course of the River Darent, which flows from the Greensand hills to join the river Thames north of Dartford. The Metropolitan Board of Works was formed in 1845 with the duty of forming a working sewer system in London. Part of the work that arose as a result involved constructing outfall sewers at a distance from the metropolis, nearer the mouth of the Thames so that the effluent would be taken away with the tide.
Probate (also called proving a will) is the process of establishing the validity of a will, which was recorded in the grant of probate.
A marriage settlement was a legal agreement drawn up before a marriage by the two parties, setting out terms with respect to rights of property and succession.
From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".
Following April 1948 Darenth and Stone Hospital Management Committee was set up as part of the transferral programme of hospitals into the newly created National Health Service (NHS). The hospitals in the group were Stone House Hospital (formerly City of London Mental Hospital), Darenth Park Hospital and Mabledon Hospital.
Re-organisation of the Heath Service in June 1971 led to the amalgamation of Stone House and Mabledon and Darenth Park with the Dartford Hospital Management Committee, to form the Dartford and Darenth Hospital Management Committee. The committee also managed other hospitals including Joyce Green Hospital, Orchard Hospital and Lower Southern Hospital.
The Committee reported to South East Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board. In 1974, Dartford and Gravesham District Health Authority took over control within South East Thames Regional Health Authority.
The Dartford Brewery was founded as "Miller and Aldworth", and from 1887 "Miller and Aldworth Limited". It was incorporated in July 1897 as "Dartford Brewery Company Limited". The Brewery was situated at Lowfield Street, Dartford, Kent.
The brewery was acquired jointly by Style and Winch Limited and the Royal Brewery Brentford Limited in 1924; and was therefore acquired by Barclay Perkins and Company Limited in 1929 when it purchased Style and Winch Limited and the Royal Brewery Brentford Limited.
The Brewery went into voluntary liquidation in 1970.
The Dartford Brewery was founded as "Miller and Aldworth", and from 1887 "Miller and Aldworth Limited". It was incorporated in July 1897 as "Dartford Brewery Company Limited".
The brewery was acquired jointly by Style and Winch Limited and the Royal Brewery Brentford Limited in 1924; and was therefore acquired by Barclay Perkins and Company Limited in 1929 when it purchased Style and Winch Limited and the Royal Brewery Brentford Limited.
The Brewery went into voluntary liquidation in 1970.
Charles Darwin was born in Shropshire and educated at the University of Edinburgh and Christ's College, Cambridge. After graduating he spent two years exploring the coasts of South America, Australasia as a naturalist on HMS Beagle; the observations that he made during the voyage later led him to formulate his influential theory of evolution by natural selection, now regarded as the foundation of modern biology and one of the most important ideas in science. After returning to Britain he continued to research and published many books, including On the Origin of Species (1859) and The Descent of Man (1871).
Born, 1731; Education: School at Nottinghamshire School, Chesterfield; St John's College, Cambridge; Edinburgh Medical School. MB (1755); MD (Edinburgh); Career: Practised medicine at Lichfield, Staffordshire; member of the Lunar Society; many inventions, including a vertical-axis windmill, used in Josiah Wedgwood's (FRS 1783) factory; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1761; died, 1802.
Sir George Howard Darwin was born on 9 July 1845 at Down House, Downe, Kent and was the second son of the naturalist, Charles Darwin; educated from 1856 at Clapham grammar school, he studied mathematics and science. Darwin failed to gain entrance scholarships at the University of Cambridge in 1863 and 1864, but matriculated at Trinity College in 1864. In 1866, Darwin won a foundation scholarship at Trinity and in 1868 was placed second wrangler in the tripos, winning the second Smith's prize; later that autumn he was elected a Fellow of Trinity. Darwin made law his profession, studying in London from 1869 to 1872, though he never practised due to illness. He turned to scientific pursuits, returning to Trinity in 1873.
Darwin studied the solar system, tidal theory, geodesy and dynamic meteorology. His first major scientific paper concerned geodesy and was entitled 'On the influence of geological changes on the earth's axis of rotation', it was read before the Royal Society in 1876. In 1879 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, and by the mid-1880s he was well on his way to becoming a central figure of the scientific aristocracy of late Victorian and Edwardian Britain. In 1883 he succeeded James Challis as Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy at Cambridge and won the Telford medal of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Darwin was an influential member of the Seismological Congress and the meteorological council to the Royal Society.
By the 1890s, Darwin was considered Britain's leading geodesist; he urged his country's membership in the International Geodetic Association,and later became its vice-president. Darwin's researches laid the groundwork for the startling growth of the geophysical sciences and in 1911 he was awarded the Copley medal of the Royal Society, the country's highest scientific distinction. Darwin was made a Knight Commander of the Bath in 1905 after his successful presidency of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Darwin died at Newnham Grange on 7 December 1912 of cancer.
The Laterndl theatre opened on 21 June 1939 at the address of the Austrian Centre, 126 Westbourne Terrace. It was conceived of as a Kleinkunstbühne. Kleinkunst was a term created in the 1930s for a type of anti-Nazi cabaret. It is described as being at the serious end of the comic market, and whilst it included many of the elements common to cabaret, it didn't include the more frivolous and bohemian.
Martin Miller was responsible for production as well as being one of the main character actors. The writers were Franz Hartl, Hugo Königsgarten, Rudolf Spitz, and Hans Weigel. Kurt Manschinger dealt with the music, décor was by Carl Josefovics and costumes by Käthe Berl. The actors were Lona Cross, Greta Hartwig, Willy Kennedy, Jaro Klüger, Fritz Schrecker, Sylvia Steiner and Marianne Walla.
The theatre moved to 153 Finchley Road and then to 69 Eton Avenue by November 1941. One of the most famous achievements associated with 'das Laterndl' was the Martin Miller's spoof Hitler broadcast on April Fools' Day, 1940, in which Hitler claimed that Columbus had discovered America with the aid of German science, giving Germany territorial claim. A text of the speech is included in this collection.
Morris Myer Datnow (1901-1962), MB, ChB (Liverpool) 1924, MD 1928, FRCS (Ed) 1932, FRCOG 1939, was born in South Africa and trained at Cape Town University. He completed his medical training in Liverpool, where he became a member of the Liverpool university staff in 1925. There he served successively as Ethel Boyce research fellow, Samuels memorial scholar, demonstrator and sub-curator of the museum and lecturer in clinical obstetrics and gynaecology. He was appointed to the staff of the Women's Hospital, Liverpool, the Liverpool Maternity Hospital and the Royal Southern Hospital. He was married with two children. Morris Datnow became closely associated with William Blair-Bell in the research work which was going on at that time in the department, and was one of the team undertaking basic research into the nature of cancer and the place of chemotherapy in its treatment. He was to become a close friend of Blair-Bell's and was elected to deliver the third Blair-Bell Memorial Lecture in 1940 at the RCOG.
The bulk of the material comprises copies of papers produced by the College for circulation to Fellows and Members. The records have been retained here because they have not survived in the College's official papers.
The documents in this collection are of two types, here divided into three parts. The first relates to the career of Gen. Sir Henry Charles Barnston Daubeny, G.C.B., 1810-1903, and includes his commissions from the rank of ensign in 1830 to that of colonel in 1857. He subsequently rose to the rank of general, and retired from the army in 1880. He was closely connected throughout his military career with the 55th Regiment of Foot, later the Border Regiment, and achieved the colonelcy of the 2nd Battalion in 1879. Besides being successively created C.B., K.C.B., and G.C.B., (ACC/1096/015,017,020), and honorary commander of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, he was created Knight of The Legion of Honour (15) and Officer of The Imperial Turkish Order of the Medjidie. The latter two decorations were granted as a result of his service in the Crimea, for which he also gained a pension of 100 p.a. (ACC/1096/012,013), and he served in the East Indies and China. He was a justice of the peace for Middlesex, and for Co Clare, Ireland. His appointment to the Commission of the Peace for the latter is included in this collection (ACC/1096/007). For the later years of his life he lived in Spring Grove, Isleworth, and devoted much of his time to a study of family history.
The final two parts of the collection deal respectively with pedigrees and genealogical notes, and with tombs, heraldry, and property connected with the Daubeny family. The division is not altogether clear cut, as some original bundles whose contents fall preponderantly into one category contain a few items from another. The Daubeny family was of direct Norman descent in the male line, and the head of the South Petherton branch was successively Baron Daubeny by tenure, by writ of summons to parliament (c 1295-1486) and by letters patent (1486-1548). The last of this line was Henry Lord Daubeny, later Earl of Bridgewater, who died without issue in 1548; his uncle and heir, James Daubeny of Wayford, never laid claim to the barony.
Later Daubenys had distinguished careers in the Church and the army. Colonel Henry Daubeny, 1779-1853, the father of H.C.B.D., who was also a keen genealogist, collected information concerning the Daubeny family and the related family of Hungerford, and compiled a manuscript pedigree (ACC/1096/041). His son continued his work on the pedigree with additions and corrections, and it was printed in 1884, but only as far as 1841. H.C.B.D. also arranged for the restoration of family tombs at South Petherton, Somerset, and Westminster Abbey. He collected material relating to families connected with the Daubenys by marriage (Hichens, Barnston, and Carpenter) and by name (the D'albinis, Delbenne and Theodore Agrippa D'Aubigne, grandfather of Madame de Maintenon). A recognised authority on the history of the family, he was consulted for advice and information by other Daubenys. Many members of the family took an active interest in the subject, not only in his lifetime, but also after his death, as can be seen in the correspondence concerning Philip D'Aubigni the Crusader (ACC/1086/130-137) and the shields of the barons of Magna Carta (ACC/1096/130-137). After his death the manuscript pedigree (ACC/1096/41) received further limited additions.
A large number of items in this collection have no indication of date, and can only be dated approximately. It should also be mentioned that the spelling of the family name differs between branches of the family, as well as varying at times in the family history; while Col. Henry and Sir Henry Charles Barnston favoured the form "Daubeney", other branches usually used the form "Daubeny". Sir Henry is often described as "Charles" to distinguish him from his father and three of his brothers who also bore the name "Henry" as a first Christian name. The best guide to the various Daubeny branches is the book of pedigrees (ACC/1049/041).
Charles Davenant was born in London in 1656. Educated at the grammar school, Cheam, Surrey and Balliol College, Oxford University, he became MP for St Ives, Cornwall, in 1685, and for Great Bedwin, 1690 and 1700. He was Commissioner of the Excise, 1678-1689, and Inspector General of Exports and Imports from 1705 until his death in Nov 1714. Davenant also wrote widely on politics and economics.
Publications: Reflections upon the Constitution and Management of the Trade to Africa, through the whole course and progress thereof, from the beginning of the last century, to this time (John Morphew, London, 1709); The Songs in Circe (Richard Tonson, London, 1677); An Account of the Trade between Great-Britain, France, Holland, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Africa, Newfoundland, etc. With the importations and exportations of all commodities, particularly of the woollen manufactures. Deliver'd in two reports made to the Commissioners for Publick Accounts (A. Bell, W. Taylor; J. Baker, London, 1715); An essay upon ways and means of supplying the war (London, 1695); Essays upon Peace at Home, and War Abroad (James Knapton, London, 1704); A Discourse upon Grants and Resumptions, showing how our ancestors have proceeded with such Ministers as have procured to themselves Grants of the Crown revenue; and that the Forfeited Estates ought to be applied towards the payment of the Publick Debts (London, 1700); Sir Thomas Double at Court, and in High Preferments. In two dialogues, between Sir T. Double and Sir Richard Comover, alias Mr. Whiglove: on the 27th of September, 1710 (John Morphew, London, 1710); An Essay on the East India Trade (London, 1696); Discourses on the Publick Revenues, and on the Trade of England (J Knapton, London, 1698); A Report (a second Report) to the Honourable the Commissioners for putting in execution the Act, intitled, An Act for the Taking, Examining, and Stating the Publick Accounts of the Kingdom (London, 1712); An Essay upon the probable means of making a People gainers in the Ballance of Trade (London, 1699); Essays upon I. the Ballance of Power; II. The right of making war, peace, and alliances; III. Universal Monarchy (London, 1701); New Dialogues upon the Present Posture of Affairs, the species of mony, national debts, publick revenues, Bank and East-India Company, and the trade now carried on between France and Holland (John Morphew, London, 1710).
Charles Davenant was born in London in 1656. Educated at the grammar school, Cheam, Surrey and Balliol College, Oxford University, he became MP for St Ives, Cornwall, in 1685, and for Great Bedwin, 1690 and 1700. He was Commissioner of the Excise, 1678-1689, and Inspector General of Exports and Imports from 1705 until his death in Nov 1714. Davenant also wrote widely on politics and economics.
Publications: Reflections upon the Constitution and Management of the Trade to Africa, through the whole course and progress thereof, from the beginning of the last century, to this time (John Morphew, London, 1709); The Songs in Circe (Richard Tonson, London, 1677); An Account of the Trade between Great-Britain, France, Holland, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Africa, Newfoundland, etc. With the importations and exportations of all commodities, particularly of the woollen manufactures. Deliver'd in two reports made to the Commissioners for Publick Accounts (A. Bell, W. Taylor; J. Baker, London, 1715); An essay upon ways and means of supplying the war (London, 1695); Essays upon Peace at Home, and War Abroad (James Knapton, London, 1704); A Discourse upon Grants and Resumptions, showing how our ancestors have proceeded with such Ministers as have procured to themselves Grants of the Crown revenue; and that the Forfeited Estates ought to be applied towards the payment of the Publick Debts (London, 1700); Sir Thomas Double at Court, and in High Preferments. In two dialogues, between Sir T. Double and Sir Richard Comover, alias Mr. Whiglove: on the 27th of September, 1710 (John Morphew, London, 1710); An Essay on the East India Trade (London, 1696); Discourses on the Publick Revenues, and on the Trade of England (J Knapton, London, 1698); A Report (a second Report) to the Honourable the Commissioners for putting in execution the Act, intitled, An Act for the Taking, Examining, and Stating the Publick Accounts of the Kingdom (London, 1712); An Essay upon the probable means of making a People gainers in the Ballance of Trade (London, 1699); Essays upon I. the Ballance of Power; II. The right of making war, peace, and alliances; III. Universal Monarchy (London, 1701); New Dialogues upon the Present Posture of Affairs, the species of mony, national debts, publick revenues, Bank and East-India Company, and the trade now carried on between France and Holland (John Morphew, London, 1710).
Charles Davenant was born in London in 1656. Educated at the grammar school, Cheam, Surrey and Balliol College, Oxford University, he became MP for St Ives, Cornwall, in 1685, and for Great Bedwin, 1690 and 1700. He was Commissioner of the Excise, 1678-1689, and Inspector General of Exports and Imports from 1705 until his death in Nov 1714. Davenant also wrote widely on politics and economics.
Publications: Reflections upon the Constitution and Management of the Trade to Africa, through the whole course and progress thereof, from the beginning of the last century, to this time (John Morphew, London, 1709); The Songs in Circe (Richard Tonson, London, 1677); An Account of the Trade between Great-Britain, France, Holland, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Africa, Newfoundland, &c. With the importations and exportations of all commodities, particularly of the woollen manufactures. Deliver'd in two reports made to the Commissioners for Publick Accounts (A. Bell, W. Taylor; J. Baker, London, 1715); An essay upon ways and means of supplying the war (London, 1695); Essays upon Peace at Home, and War Abroad (James Knapton, London, 1704); A Discourse upon Grants and Resumptions, showing how our ancestors have proceeded with such Ministers as have procured to themselves Grants of the Crown revenue; and that the Forfeited Estates ought to be applied towards the payment of the Publick Debts (London, 1700); Sir Thomas Double at Court, and in High Preferments. In two dialogues, between Sir T. Double and Sir Richard Comover, alias Mr. Whiglove: on the 27th of September, 1710 (John Morphew, London, 1710); An Essay on the East India Trade (London, 1696); Discourses on the Publick Revenues, and on the Trade of England (J Knapton, London, 1698); A Report (a second Report) to the Honourable the Commissioners for putting in execution the Act, entitled, An Act for the Taking, Examining, and Stating the Publick Accounts of the Kingdom (London, 1712); An Essay upon the probable means of making a People gainers in the Ballance of Trade (London, 1699); Essays upon I. the Ballance of Power; II. The right of making war, peace, and alliances; III. Universal Monarchy (London, 1701); New Dialogues upon the Present Posture of Affairs, the species of mony, national debts, publick revenues, Bank and East-India Company, and the trade now carried on between France and Holland (John Morphew, London, 1710).
The Revd. Ralph Davenant, Rector of Whitechapel, provided for the building and staffing of a school for forty boys and thirty girls in the parish of Whitechapel by a deed of settlement dated 11 June 1680 (ref. A/DAV/I/13) and by his will proved 26 February 1680/81 (PRO ref. PROB 11 365). It was not, however, until 1686 that the trustees obtained a faculty to build a school and school houses on the Lower Burial Ground in Whitechapel.
Over the years the Foundation had a number of benefactors including an unknown woman who gave the sum of £1,000 in 1701. The money was used to buy an estate, Castle Farm at East Tilbury, Essex.
In the early nineteenth century the school was visited by Dr. Andrew Bell, who was famous for his monitorial system. The system was adopted and proved a great success. At the same time it was felt that there was a need for a public school for the education of the poor of the area. This school, known as the Whitechapel Society's School, was founded in 1813 and also built on part of the Lower Burial Ground.
By the mid nineteenth century there was a need felt for more advanced education than that provided by Davenant's School or the Whitechapel Society's School. In 1854 an Order was made under which the charities known as the Whitechapel Charities were to be appropriated and used for another charitable purpose, the establishment of The Whitechapel Foundation Commercial School. Among these charities was that of Thomas Holbrook (1644). The school opened in Leman Street in 1858 and was very successful.
In 1888 a revised scheme for the administration of the Whitechapel Charities and Davenant's Foundation was published by the Charity Commission. A secondary school for boys, the Foundation School, was to be provided and three elementary schools for boys, girls and infants, to be known as the Davenant Schools. The latter continued under the School Board for London and LCC Education Committee until the Second World War. They were not reopened after the War and finally closed in 1950.
The new building for the Foundation School was completed in 1896 but an extension was soon needed and a new wing was built in 1909. The school acquired a high reputation especially in the teaching of modern foreign languages. In 1930 the school celebrated the 250th anniversary of the Foundation and the name was officially changed from Whitechapel Foundation School to Davenant Foundation School. There was an increase in the numbers on the roll at this time and the Governors wished to improve their existing buildings rather than move to a new site. The outbreak of war brought these negotiations to a close.
The school was evacuated to Chatteris in the Fens and remained there throughout the war. When the school returned to London work started on rebuilding the Whitechapel premises which had been badly damaged. Following the Education Act 1944 the school applied for and was granted the status of a voluntary aided grammar school, an earlier application for direct grant status having been rejected. In 1956 the Ministry of Education suggested that the school should be transferred to another area where there was need of a grammar school. It was decided to move to Essex as nearly half the pupils were from that county. A site was chosen close to the LCC housing estate at Debden and despite objections permission was eventually granted in 1960. The school moved to Essex in 1965 and the new building was officially opened in 1966.
Davenport and Company was registered in 1925 in Bengal as a private company to take over an existing business in Calcutta, also called Davenport and Company. It acted as a managing agent for a number of Indian tea companies. Davenport and Company was acquired in 1930 by Harrisons and Crosfield Limited (CLC/B/112). In circa 1955 Harrisons and Crosfield Limited sold its shareholding in the Company.
For historical notes concerning Harrisons and Crosfield's shareholdings in the Company see CLC/B/112/MS37392. For copy board minutes of Davenport and Company, 1941-55, see CLC/B/112/MS37208.
Anthony Davey (1933-2010) began his career in the pensions industry in 1968 as Pension Manager for British Aircraft Corporation (which merged with a number of aviation companies to become British Aerospace in 1977). He moved onto work as Pensions Director at Thomas Tilling Limited (which was acquired by BTR plc in 1983) from 1977.
In 1983 Davey became Managing Director of Hadrian Trustees Limited, who acted as independent trustees for a number of pension schemes, including the Shipbuilding Industry Pension Scheme (SIPS). Hadrian Trustees Limited transferred the administration of SIPS to a subsidiary, Hadrian Solway Limited, in 1990.
Davey was the Managing Director of Hadrian Solway between 1990 and 1995, then served as Non-Executive Director between 1995 and 1997. Hadrian Solway was acquired by Hartshead in 1995, and the company was renamed Hartshead Solway. Hartshead Solway was subsequently acquired by Capita Financial Services Limited in 1998, the same year Davey retired as Hadrian Trustee's Managing Director.
Davey then became an associate of BESTrustees PLC, who took over Capita Financial Services' independent trustee appointments in 1999.
Davey was also a fellow of the Pensions Management Institute and served on the Pensions Panel of the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators between 1991 and 1996.
John Bernard Davey was born in 1875 and trained at Middlesex Hospital and University College London, graduating M.B. in 1900. He was Principal Medical Officer in Tanganyika from 1902 to 1919 and again from 1940 to 1942. He died in 1967.
Unknown
The collection is based on that assembled by David Collis and recorded in the printed bibliography British Birth Control Ephemera 1870 to 1947: A catalogue. by Peter Fryer (Barracuda Press, Leicester, 1947). Some of the material listed in the bibliography is missing but there is also additional material not recorded in the bibliography.
Robinson, David and Company Limited were timber and plywood importers of Cardiff. British Borneo Timber Company Limited (later known as Sabah Timber Company) acquired shares in the firm in 1960.
David Sandeman and Sons were wine merchants based at 64 Pall Mall, SW1.
David Breyer Singmaster (b.1939) is a Professor Emeritus at London South Bank University. A self-described metagrobologist, Singmaster became famous for his solution to the Rubik's cube, known as the "Singmaster notation" and his large personal collection of mechanical puzzles and books of brainteasers.
Henry Thomas Davidge was Senior Lecturer in Civil and Mechanical Engineering at University College London during the 1920s.
Born, 1857, daughter of John Foley of Wadham College and sometime Vicar of Wadhurst, Sussex, and Caroline E.Windham, of Felbrigg Hall, Cromer; educated at home and at University College London, where she became the John Stuart Mill and Joseph Hume scholar; married Thomas William Rhys-Davids (died 1922).
Rhys-Davids was on the board of the Economic Journal from its inception until 1895, although her academic teaching areas remained largely Indian philosophy and Buddhism; Lecturer in Indian philosophy at Victoria University, Manchester, 1910-1913, and lectured on the history of Buddhism at the School of Oriental Studies, 1918-1933; involved in various societies for children's and working women's welfare, 1890-1894 and later became involved in the women's suffrage movement; Honorary Secretary of the Pali Text Society, founded by her husband in 1881, from 1907 and became President after his death; after the death of her only son, Arthur, during the First World War, Rhys-Davids also became increasingly involved with thoughts of the afterlife, spirit communications and telepathy, and published on the subject; died on 26 June 1942.
Publications: Buddhist Psychol: Ethics, 1900, 1923; various first editions of Buddhist canonical and other works; Buddhist Psychology, 1914, 1924; Buddhism (Home Univ.) 1912, 1934; Buddh. translations, 1910-1931; Old Creeds and New Needs, 1923; The Will to Peace, 1923; Will and Willer, 1925; Gotama the Man, 1928; The Milinda Questions, 1930; Sakya, 1931, etc.; A Manual of Buddhism, 1932; Indian Religion and Survival, 1934; Outlines of Buddhism, 1934; Birth of Indian Psychology, 1935; What is your Will?, 1937; To Become or not to Become?, 1937; What was the Original Gospel in Buddhism?, 1938; More about the Hereafter, 1940; Poems of Cloister and Jungle, 1941; Wayfarer's Words I-III, 1940-1942; (Editor) Lectures on Psychology and Philosophy (Univ-Extn Series) by G. Croom Robertson, 1896.
Basil Davidson was born on 9 November 1914. He was a member of the editorial staff of the Economist, 1938-1939. Following a brief spell as diplomatic correspondence for The Star in 1939, Davidson joined the army, serving throughout the European sphere of conflict, including a spell in Italy resulting in his receiving the Freedom of the City of Genoa in 1945. After the war he continued his work as a journalist, as Paris correspondent for The Times until 1949. He subsequently worked for the New Statesman, 1950-1954, for the Daily Herald, 1954-1957, and as leader-writer for the Daily Mirror, 1959-1962.
Since his 1952 Report on South Africa Davidson has written over twenty books on Africa and a number of novels. His publications on Portuguese Africa include In the Eye of the Storm: Angola's People (1972). He was also responsible for an eight-part television documentary on Africa in 1984. Since 1978 he has been an Honorary Research Fellow of the University of Birmingham and has received Honorary Doctorates from the Universities of Ibadan (1975), Dar es Salaam (1985), Open University (1980) and Edinburgh (1981).
Arthur Templar Davies, MD, FRCP (1858-1929), was a physician specialising in diseases of the chest. He studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, and St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London. For most of his career he was associated with the Royal Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, London, at which his father Herbert Davies and grandfather Thomas Davies had both been Physician. He also served as Physician to the Bank of England, succeeding his father again, and Physician (in London) to the Royal Ventnor Hospital. During the First World War he was a member of staff of the Hospital for Officers at Fishmongers' Hall, London. His publications included editing Mechanisms of the Circulation through Diseased Hearts, by his father Dr Herbert Davies. Davies' career is summarised in Lives of the fellows of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 1826-1925 by G.H. Brown (London: Royal College of Physicians, 1955) (Munk's Roll, volume IV).
David Davies (1760-1844) MD St Andrew's, Extra-Licentiate, surgeon to St Peter's Hospital, Bristol.
David Davies married Susannah Saunders, daughter of Erasmus Saunders, and took the name Saunders-Davies. With the marriage came the Pentre estate in Pembrokeshire, which had been in the Saunders family since 1698. The Davies family also owned other land in Llanedi, Carmarthenshire, Wales. David Saunders-Davis died in 1829.
Born in Treorchy in the Rhodda Valley on 7 July 1924. In July 1925 his father died and Davies moved with his mother and twin sister to Portsmouth to live with his maternal grandmother and aunt. In 1941, on the completion of his school education at the Portsmouth Boys Southern Secondary School, he took up a `Royal' Scholarship at Imperial College London where he studies physics. In 1943 he graduated with first-class honours and was directed to work at Birmingham University as a research assistant in the Tube Alloys Project (the British contribution to the development of nuclear weapons) under R.E. Peierls and later A.H. Wilson. Davies's main work was concerned with the stability and control problems for the gaseous diffusion plant. In 1944 he continued to work for the Tube Alloys Project at ICI, Billingham, on Teeside and in 1945 at the close of the project he returned to Birmingham to work in the Physics Department under M.L.E. Oliphant. The overlap between the courses at Imperial College allowed Davies to complete the requirements for a mathematics degree in a year and he resumed the scholarship for that purpose, graduating with first class honours in 1947.
The National Physics Laboratory was setting up a group to build a stored program computer under the direction of A.M. Turing and Davies joined this group and began working on the logic design and later the building of the ACE Computer. When the Pilot ACE was built, Davies became a user, working on a variety of simulations, including the behaviour of road junctions controlled by traffic lights. In 1954 Davies was awarded a Harkness Fellowship to study in the USA. He came to view his choice of MIT as an error because all the interesting computer work was classified. The period at MIT was interrupted by a special mission for the United Nations, investigating a request from the Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta for funds to buy equipment from the USSR. Subsequently he was involved for a number of years on two new projects. One was the development of the cryotron, a superconducting device with potential for the large-scale integration of logic and storage. However, efforts in this area foundered on engineering problems of many kinds. The other was the translation by computer from Russia to English. Davies concluded that although `we were not able to set up a serviced based on this work ... it is noteworthy that our real experience ... was very different from the accepted public view of machine translation.
In the early 1960s time-sharing whereby a large computer gave an online service to a number of users was very much the coming thing. In 1965 Davies proposed, in a privately circulated paper, the principle for a data communication network which he subsequently named 'packet switching'. In March of the following year he lectured to a large audience, advocating the use of techniques in a public switched data network.
In 1966 Davies was appointed Superintendent of the Division of Computer Science where the programme of research included data communication systems, information systems, pattern recognition and man-computer interaction. The data communication proposals for specialised networks using packet switching were widely publicised in 1967 and greatly influenced the early development of ARPA Network. Davies successfully promoted packet switching for public networks at the CCITT (International Consultative Committee for Telephones and Telegraphs) and elsewhere. In 1973 he published (with D.L.A. Barber) Communication Networks for Computers and in 1979 (with Barber, W.L. Price and C.M. Solomonides) Computer Networks and their Protocols.
In 1975 Davies received the John Player Award of the British Computer Society for his work in packet switching and shared the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Internet Award for 2000 for work on packet switching.
In 1978 Davies was given the status of an 'individual merit' appointment at the NPL enabling him to relinquish administrative responsibilities, and he led a small research team concerned with security of data in networks. The team developed the application of cryptographic methods to the practical work of network security, especially the use of asymmetric (public key) cryptography. Consulting work under contract to financial institutions and others provided the practical experience. After Davies retired from NPL in 1984, he provided consultancy to financial institutions on high value payment systems and advised suppliers and users of secure systems of many kinds, for example mobile telephony and direct broadcast satellite television. In 1984 he published (with W.L. Price) Security for computer networks: an introduction to data security in teleprocessing and electronic funds transfer. Davies also pursued his interest in cryptography as a hobby with research on Second World War cipher machines and published an number of articles on the topic.
Davies was appointed CBE in 1983 and elected to the Fellowship of the Royal Society in 1987. In 1955 Davies married Diane Burton which whom he had three children. He died on 28 May 2000.
Born 1902; educated Wycliffe College and London University (Diploma in Journalism); Editor, the Clarion, 1929-32; Associate Editor, New Clarion, 1932; contested Peterborough (Labour), 1935; Governor, National Froebel Foundation, 1938-40; worked for the BBC, 1940-1945; served on Fabian Society Executive, 1940; Labour MP for Enfield, 1945-1950, and Enfield East, 1950-1959; Chairman, Transport Group, Parliamentary Labour Party, 1945-1950; Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Minister of State, Foreign Office, 1946-1950; Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, 1950-1951; Member, British delegation to the General Assembly of the United Nations, 1947-1950; Deputy Leader, British delegation to the United Nations Conference on Freedom of Information, 1948; Leader, British delegation at the Economic Community for Europe talks in Geneva, 1950; UK Representative, Foreign Ministers' Deputies Four Power Talks in Paris, 1951; Member, Select Committee on Nationalised Industries, 1952-1959; Joint Chairman, Parliamentary Roads Study Group, 1957-1959; Chairman, 1957-1980, and Vice-President, 1980-[1991], British Yugoslav Society; Member, 1958-1965, and Vice-President, 1966-1982, Executive Committee, European Atlantic Group; Managing Editor, Traffic Engineering and Control, 1960-76; Managing Editor, Antique Finder, 1962-72; Vice-Chairman, 1969-1971, President, 1977-1980, Honorary Secretary, 1971-1976 and Member of Council, 1968-1980, British Parking Association; died 1991.
Publications: American Labour: the story of the American trade union movement (George Allen & Unwin; Fabian Society, London, 1943); Britain's Transport Crisis: a socialist's view (Arthur Barker, [London, 1960]); British Transport: a study in industrial organisation and control (Fabian Publications, [London,] 1945); editor of Finance. How money is managed (Odhams Press, London, [1935]); How much Compensation? A problem of transfer from private to public enterprise (Victor Gollancz; New Fabian Research Bureau, London, 1937); "National" Capitalism: the government's record as protector of private monopoly (Victor Gollancz, London, 1939); National Enterprise: the development of the public corporation (Victor Gollancz, London, 1946); Nationalization of Transport (Labour Party, London, [1947]); Problems of Public Ownership (Labour Party, London, [1952]); The State and the Railways (Victor Gollancz; Fabian Society, London, 1940); editor of Traffic Engineering Practice (E. & F. N. Spon, London, 1963); Transport in Greater London (London School of Economics and Political Science: [London,] 1962); editor of Roads and their Traffic (Blackie & Son, London & Glasgow, 1960).
Fanny Davies, born Guernsey, 27 June 1861; studied at Leipzig Conservatory under Carl Reinecke, Oscar Paul and Salomon Jadassohn, 1882-1883; studied at Frankfurt under Clara Schumann, 1883-1885; made London début at Crystal Palace in Beethoven's Fourth Concerto, 17 October 1885; began collaboration with the violinist Joseph Joachim and cellist Alfredo Piatti on the London Popular Concerts; made Berlin début at the Singakademie, 15 November 1887; made other continental appearances in Leipzig, Rome, Bonn (the Beethoven House Festival, 1893), Vienna and Bergamo (Donizetti Centenary Festival, 1897); performed with the Joachim and Rosé String Quartets, and in later years with Pablo Casals and with the Czech String Quartet; was the first pianist to give a recital in Westminster Abbey, July 1921; pioneered revival of English virginal music, as well as performing the music of contemporary Czech, Spanish and English composers; died, London, 1 Sept 1934.
George William Davies entered St Thomas's Hospital as a pupil on 28 January 1808.
Astley Paston Cooper was born at Brooke Hall near Norwich, 1768; educated at home; apprenticed to his uncle, William Cooper, surgeon to Guy's Hospital, 1784; soon after transferred to Henry Cline, surgeon to St Thomas's Hospital; Edinburgh Medical School, 1787-1788; Demonstrator of anatomy, St Thomas's Hospital, 1789; joint lecturer with Cline in anatomy and surgery, 1791; lectured on anatomy at the College of Surgeons, 1793-1796; Surgeon, Guy's Hospital, 1800-1825; private practice rapidly increased; Fellow, Royal Society, 1802; made post-mortem examinations wherever possible, and was often in contact with 'resurrectionists'; a founder and first treasurer, 1805, President, 1819-1820, Medical and Chirurgical Society of London; Professor of Comparative Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons, 1813; lectured, 1814-1815; performed a small operation on George IV, 1820; by the bestowal of a baronetcy; examiner at the College of Surgeons, 1822; published his 'Dislocations and Fractures of the Joints', 1822; resigned his lectureship at St. Thomas's, 1825; instigator of the founding of a separate medical school at Guy's Hospital; Consulting Surgeon to Guy's Hospital; President, College of Surgeons, 1827, 1836; Sergeant-Surgeon to King William IV, 1828; Vice-President, Royal Society, 1830; died, 1841.
Publications include: The Anatomy and Surgical Treatment of Inguinal and Congenital Hernia (Crural and Umbilical Hernia) (printed for T Cox; sold by Messrs Johnson, etc, London, 1804); A Treatise on Dislocations, and on Fractures of the Joints (Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown; E Cox & Son, London, 1822); The Lectures of Sir Astley Cooper, Bart., F.R.S. ... on the Principles and Practice of Surgery: with additional notes and cases, by Frederick Tyrrell 3 volumes (Thomas & George Underwood, London, 1824-1827); Illustrations of the Diseases of the Breast ... In two parts (Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green: London, 1829; Lectures on the Principles and Practice of Surgery Second edition (F C Westley, London, 1830); Observations on the Structure and Diseases of the Testis (Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green; Highley & Underwood, London, 1830); The Anatomy of the Thymus Gland (Longman, Rees, Orme, Green & Brown, London, 1832).
Henry Rudolph Davies was born in 1865; educated at Eton; served with the Army in Burma and India, 1887-1898; served in China, 1900; Brigade and Divisional Commander during World War One; retired 1923 and died in 1950.
Dr Davies qualified in medicine at the London Hospital Medical School in 1950. In 1950 he was the Chief of the Division of Epidemiology in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Rhys Davies was born on 9 November 1903 in the Rhondda Valley, Wales. He was educated at Porth County School. Davies published his first novel The Withered Root in 1927 and continued to publish books until the mid 1970s. Davies died in London on 21 August 1978.