Robert Howden Limited, pharmacist, traded at 78 Gracechurch Street until 1898, then at 28 Gracechurch Street (1898-1918), and 11 Fenchurch Street (1918-67), and from 1967 as Robert Howden (Southend) Limited at 17-19 Southchurch Road, Southend-on-Sea, Essex.
Born 1898; educated Southall County School, University College London and the London School of Economics and Political Science; served World War One, 1916-1919, in the Royal Field Artillery; Lecturer, New College Oxford University, 1924; Lecturer, LSE, 1925-1927; Fellow and Lecturer, New College, Oxford University, 1927-1929; Professor of Economics, LSE, 1929-1961; Director, Economic Section, Offices of the War Cabinet, 1941-1945; President, Royal Economic Society, 1954-1955; Trustee, National Gallery, 1952-1974, and Tate Gallery, 1953-1967; Director, Royal Opera House, 1955-1981; Chairman, Financial Times, 1961-1970; Chairman, Committee on Higher Education (Robbins Committee), 1961-1964; President, British Academy, 1962-1967; Member, Court of Governors, LSE, 1968-1974; First Chancellor of Stirling University, 1968-1978; died 1984. Publications: Liberty and equality (1977); Political economy past and present (1976); Against inflation (1979); Higher education revisited (1980); (ed) Studies in Economics and Commerce (London, 1933-1948); Aspects of post-war economy (Institute of economic Affairs, London, 1974); Autobiography of an economist (Macmillan, London, 1971); The balance of payments (Athlone Press, London, 1951); Bentham in the twentieth century (Athlone Press, London, 1965); Economic aspects of federation (Macmillan, London, 1941); The economic basis of class conflict (Macmillan, London, 1939); The economic causes of war (Jonathan Cape, London, 1939); Economic planning and international order (Macmillan, London, 1937); The economic problem in peace and war (Macmillan, London, 1947); The economist in the twentieth century (Macmillan, London, 1954); An essay on the nature and significance of economic science (Macmillan, London, 1932); The evolution of modern economic theory (Macmillan, London, 1970); The Great Depression (Macmillan, London, 1934); The international monetary problem (Oxford University Press, London, 1973); Money, trade and international relations (Macmillan, London, 1971); Politics and economics (Macmillan, London, 1963); Robert Torrens and the evolution of classical economics (Macmillan, London, 1958); The theory of economic policy in English classical political economy (Macmillan, London, 1952); The university in the modern world, and other papers on education (Macmillan, London, 1966); Wages (Jarrolds, London, 1926).
The Manor of Kingsbury belonged to Baldwin Poleyn of Tebworth in 1317. After various changes of owner, Thomas Chichele, archdeacon of Canterbury, granted the manor in 1441 to Henry VI, who granted it in 1442 to All Souls College, Oxford, still the owners of some property in Kingsbury in 1970. In 1597 All Souls College owned 418 acres scattered through Kingsbury. Purchases and exchanges during the 19th century extended and consolidated the All Souls College estate. In the twentieth century All Souls College sold most of the land, for development and for use as parkland. Some land was retained by the College, let on building leases for houses and shops.
'Cofers' or 'Coferers' was the name of part of the land which made up the manor of Kingsbury, owned by the Page family.
Source: 'Kingsbury: Manors', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 5: Hendon, Kingsbury, Great Stanmore, Little Stanmore, Edmonton Enfield, Monken Hadley, South Mimms, Tottenham (1976), available online.
The company was founded in 1862 as New Rivers Company by Captain J H Williamson, a tea merchant, to transport passengers and goods on the River Ganges, expanding shortly afterwards into Assam, where the tea industry was in need of improved communications. The name changed to River Steamer Company when Williamson left in 1865.
In 1872 the management of the Company was assumed by MacNeill and Company, and in 1873 it was incorporated in London as Rivers Steam Navigation Company Limited. The MacNeill and MacKinnon families were prominent shareholders in the new company.
From the 1870s onwards, the company faced much competition from India General Steam Navigation Company (which became, in 1899, India General Navigation and Railway Company Limited, whose records are also held as part of the Inchcape Group archives, see CLC/B/123-33). As a result, various working agreements between the two companies were reached in the 1880s. As a result of one such agreement, made in 1889, the two companies came generally to be known as the Joint steamer companies, operating many joint services but maintaining separate management.
During both world wars, vessels of the Joint steamer companies were impressed for military use in India, and also in Iraq during the First World War.
After the Second World War the partition of India caused difficulties in the transport of commodities from Assam to Calcutta for export, as they had to pass through Pakistan as well as India. As a result, the fleets of the Joint companies were divided and separate repair workshops set up to service the Pakistan fleet (in addition to those set up by RSN in Garden Reach, Calcutta).
In 1959 Pakistan River Steamers Limited. was formed to manage the Pakistani fleets of the Joint companies, as the government of Pakistan would only Company-operate with a company incorporated in Pakistan. The company was not effective, however, until 1961, when the Pakistani fleets of the Joint companies were actually transferred to it.
While Pakistan River Steamers was being set up, the financial position of the Joint companies in India was deteriorating, despite a substantial loan from the Indian government. In 1962 a prolonged strike by crews in Pakistan nearly caused the collapse of India General, but R.S.N. bought out its Indian assets and liabilities, I.G. retaining its Pakistani interests.
Pakistan River Steamers, however, had in the meantime established itself fairly stably, and it therefore seemed desirable to hive off RSN's Pakistani interests. Rivers Steam Navigation Company (Holdings) Limited was formed for this purpose in 1962.
By 1965, the position in India had become so much worse that the whole of the Indian assets of the company were sold to the Indian government for 1. The business of Pakistan River Steamers was also deteriorating by this time, partly because of the Indo-Pakistan war of 1965, and in 1966 PRS curtailed its passenger services. Some difficulties could have been overcome with government help, but political considerations prevented this.
In 1972 Pakistan River Steamers (by this time renamed Bangladesh River Steamers Limited) was nationalised by the government of Bangladesh
Rivers Steam Navigation's Indian and Pakistani business was managed by MacNeill and Barry Limited, whose records are also held as part of the Inchcape Group archives (see CLC/B/123-42). London business was managed by Duncan MacNeill and Company Limited (CLC/B/123-23), and many of their records relating strictly to the management of R.S.N. have been catalogued as part of RSN's records. The records listed as R.S.N.'s also include much material of or relating to the Joint steamer companies.
RSN had offices successively in Lothbury, Old Broad Street, Leadenhall Street and Mincing Lane.
This company was formed in 1865 to operate a telegraphic service between Argentina and Uruguay. It was formed by John Proudfoot, a Liverpool merchant, and Matthew Gray, a Glasgow engineer. It later merged with other associated telegraph companies to form Cable and Wireless.
No further information available at present.
The company, later known as the Bathurst Trading Company Limited, had premises successively at 5 Drapers' Gardens and 16 Mincing Lane. It was associated with Lintott, Spink and Company, Africa merchants, and William Goddard and Company, Africa and general merchants.
River Cultures Festival Limited, a not for profit company, began life in August 2002 as an annual Summer festival offering local young people the opportunity to showcase their Summer work in the Isle of Dogs. The company was registered in March 2003. The basis of the organisation has been to link local, international and business communities through arts, heritage and workshop activities. These aims have been achieved through partnerships and funding for heritage projects through the Heritage Lottery Fund.
In 2012 the Festival was based at 24 Knighthead Point, The Quarterdeck, London, with registered office at Akeman Business Park, 81-82 Akeman Street, Tring, Hertfordshire. In 2013 registered address was Suite 1 Caxton House, Old Station Road, Loughton, Essex.
The River Plate Trust Loan and Agency Company Ltd (founded in 1881), which administered various companies in South America, was succeeded in 1961 by the River Plate and Mercantile Trust Ltd (later the River and Mercantile Trust PLC).
Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1954- ; The Back Grant 1954; hydrographer of the British Navy.
Ann Isabella Ritchie was the elder daughter of William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1861), a well-known Victorian novelist. Anne was a prolific novelist, essayist and writer of memoirs. By 1875, The Works of Miss Thackeray had been published in eight volumes (Smith, Elder & Company), extended to 15 volumes by 1866. Most of her critical essays appeared in The Cornhill Magazine. Her first contribution appeared in the magazine's first year, 1860, and most of her fiction appeared serially in the magazine including, The Village on the Cliff, Old Kensington, Miss Angel and Mrs. Dymond. She died in 1919.
Anne Isabella Ritchie was born in 1837, the elder daughter of William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1861), a well-known Victorian novelist. Anne (Anny) was a prolific novelist, essayist and writer of memoirs. By 1875, The Works of Miss Thackeray had been published in eight volumes (Smith, Elder and Company), extended to 15 volumes by 1866. Most of her critical essays appeared in The Cornhill Magazine. Her first contribution appeared in the magazine's first year, 1860, and most of her fiction appeared serially in the magazine including, The Village on the Cliff, Old Kensington, Miss Angel and Mrs Dymond. Anne Thackeray married her cousin, Richmond Thackeray Willoughby Ritchie, in 1877; their son's wife Margaret Paulina Ritchie was the daughter of Charles and Mary Booth. Richie died in 1919.
Anne Isabella Ritchie was born in 1837, the elder daughter of William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1861), a well-known Victorian novelist. Anne (Anny) was a prolific novelist, essayist and writer of memoirs. By 1875, The Works of Miss Thackeray had been published in eight volumes (Smith, Elder and Company), extended to 15 volumes by 1866. Most of her critical essays appeared in The Cornhill Magazine. Her first contribution appeared in the magazine's first year, 1860, and most of her fiction appeared serially in the magazine including, The Village on the Cliff, Old Kensington, Miss Angel and Mrs Dymond. Anne Thackeray married her cousin, Richmond Thackeray Willoughby Ritchie, in 1877; their son's wife Margaret Paulina Ritchie was the daughter of Charles and Mary Booth. Richie died in 1919.
Born, 1851; educated New College, Oxford; Indian Civil Service, 1873; Assistant Collector, Midnapore; assistant to Sir William Wilson Hunter, Director-General of Statistics, 1875; Assistant Secretary, 1879; Under-Secretary to the Government of India in the Home Department, Imperial Secretariat, 1879; Govindpur, 1880, Hazaribagh, and Manbhum, 1884; compiled information on the castes and occupations of the people of Bengal, 1885; Acting Financial Secretary to the Government of India, 1898; Census Commissioner, 1899; Director of Ethnography for India, 1901; Home Secretary in Lord Curzon's administration, 1902; Permanent Secretary in the Judicial and Public Department at the India Office, 1910; died, 1911.
Publications: The Tribes and Castes of Bengal (1891-2)
Gazetteer of Sikhim: Introductory Chapter (1894)
The People of India (1908; 2nd edn 1915).
Victor de Riqueti, Marquis de Mirabeau was a French aristocrat and writer on political economy, best known for his work Ami des hommes au trait de la population. He is often called the elder Mirabeau, to distinguish him from his famous son, Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de Mirabeau (1749-1791).
Rio Tinto plc was formed in June 1997 with the merger of The RTZ Corporation PLC and its' 49% owned associate company CRA Limited (of Australia).
The Rio Tinto-Zinc Corporation Limited was formed in March 1962 on the merger of The Rio Tinto Company Ltd (Inc 1873) and The Consolidated Zinc Corporation Limited(Inc 1949). After the merger, the operations of the Rio Tinto Company and The Consolidated Zinc Corporation were restructured, with the parent company, RTZ, housed in London.
Rio Tinto's existing public company in Australia, Rio Tinto Mining Company of Australia Limited was renamed Conzinc RioTinto of Australia Limited in 1962. Conzinc RioTinto was used as a vehicle for restructuring RTZ's Australian assets. Part of the shares were Australian owned and there were a majority of Australian directors on the board. This was a pattern that was followed in subsequent developments around the world. In August 1980 Conzinc RioTinto became known as CRA Limited. This name was changed to Rio Tinto Limited in June 1997.
The Rio Tinto Company Limited was formed in 1873 by a consortium of banks to acquire the Spanish copper mine of Rio Tinto in Huelva, Spain. Headed by Hugh Matheson, the consortium agreed to pay 92,756,592 pesetas (equivalent to £3,500,000) for the freehold of the mines. The first instalment of 3422,680 was paid towards the purchase price as well as 9 pagares, or promissory notes, the last of which was due for payment in 1883. Matheson became the chairman and the company was registered on 29 March 1873 in London. A railway between Huelva and the mines was constructed together with a pier at Huelva. In 1954 the Rio Tinto Company sold the mines to the newly formed Compañía Española de Minas de Río Tinto (owned by a consortium of Spanish banks), retaining only a one-third interest. The remaining interest in was divested in 1990. The proceeds of the sale in 1954 were invested on projects in Africa such as Big Ben, Patchway, Sandwana, Empress Nickel and Palabora, in Australasia such as Mary Kathleen and in Canada on the Rio Algom mines.
The Consolidated Zinc Corporation Limited was incorporated in 1949 to acquire the interests of The Zinc Corporation Limited (formed 1911), The Sulphide Corporation (reg 1898), The Broken Hill Corporation Limited (registered 1947) and The Imperial Smelting Corporation Limited (inc 1929). The Zinc Corporation Limited was formed to treat the tailing dumps from the Broken Hill mine in New South Wales Australia. The Broken Hill Corporation Limited held a substantial interest in the New Broken Hill Consolidated Limited mine. The Sulphide Corporation Limited was a producer of sulphuric acid, superphosphate and cement. The Imperial Smelting Corporation based in the United Kingdom was the sole zinc producer in the country mainly from raw material from the Broken Hill mines, it also produced sulphuric acid, chemicals, fertilisers and fluorine and fluorine compounds in plants in Avonmouth, Avon, Swansea and West Glamorgan. In 1955 Consolidated Zinc discovered the huge Weipa bauxite deposits in Queensland, the basis for the development of a major integrated aluminium industry in Australia and New Zealand.
Rio Tinto Company Limited head office: Plantation House, Fenchurch Street, City of London (1947);
Rio Tinto plc head office: 2 Eastbourne Terrace, Westminster (2011).
Unknown
The Bishop of London was held to exercise responsibility for Anglican churches overseas where no other bishop had been appointed. He retained responsibility for churches in northern and central Europe until 1980, but his jurisdiction in southern Europe ceased in 1842 on the creation of the diocese of Gibraltar. In 1980, the Bishop of London divested himself of all overseas jurisdiction and a new diocese of 'Gibraltar in Europe' was established.
Rigi Kaltbad is a town on the Rigi mountain in Switzerland. The mountain has been a tourist destination since the nineteenth century, famed for its beautiful views. It was also popular as a health resort.
Not given.
Sir Hugh Mallinson Rigby was born in Dublin in 1870. He was educated at Bray School, Co Wicklow; at Dulwich College; and at University College London. He trained in Medicine at the London Hospital, where he remained throughout his career. He won the gold medal at the BS examination of 1897. He served as house surgeon, house physician, and surgical registrar. In the Medical College he was demonstrator of anatomy, from 1901-1903, and the first tutor in elementary clinical surgery, from 1903-1908. He was elected assistant surgeon in 1902, and became surgeon; retiring in 1927. He was appointed consulting surgeon and kept his large private practice. He was also surgeon to the City of London Maternity Hospital; to the East Ham Hospital; to the cottage hospitals at Beckenham and Cheshunt; and consulting surgeon to the Poplar Accident Hospital. During World War One he was a consulting surgeon to the British Expeditionary Force in France, and to the London district with the temporary rank of colonel, AMS. He was promoted temporary lieutenant-colonel, RAMC (T), and brevet major, both in 1917. He served as surgeon in ordinary to Queen Alexandra, who died in 1925; and he was surgeon in ordinary to the Prince of Wales from 1923 until his accession to the throne as King Edward VIII in 1936. He was Serjeant Surgeon to King George V, from 1928-1932, and Honorary Surgeon to His Majesty, from 1932-1936. When the King was taken seriously ill with empyema in 1928, Rigby performed the operation which saved his life. He had been made a KCVO in 1917, and was created a Baronet, of Long Durford, Rogate, Sussex, in 1929. He died in 1944.
The company was established in 1900 by Messrs. F.R. Ridley and H. R. Houlding. It operated a wholesale fruit and vegetable business from 10 Russell Street, Covent Garden.
Henry Nicholas Ridley was born in 1855. His first major interest was in genealogy and he was fascinated by his family's past. However, whilst at school at Haileybury in Hertfordshire his interests started to broaden and he became fascinated by nature, specifically birds and insects, he wrote his first published paper on the topic whilst at school. On leaving Haileybury Ridley read Natural Sciences at Exeter College, Oxford where he obtained a second class honours degree. Having completed Oxford, Ridley wished to become a tropical zoologist and he tried but failed to obtain a post (most notably at the British Museum). He then applied for a botany position at the British Museum and was successful, despite botany being a minor interest to him. At the Museum Ridley worked under Carruthers on Monocotyledons. Under his tutelage from 1883 onwards Ridley published widely on Monocotyledons, Orchidaceae and British plants and insects. His first (documented) foreign trip was to the Island of Fernando de Noronha, about which he published papers on; its geology; its botany; and its status as a convict island.
In 1888, having gained a wide knowledge of botany, Ridley was appointed as Director of Gardens and Forests for the Straits Settlements. His post was based in Singapore but also incorporated Malay. From this point onwards Ridley's life was a hive of activity for example, in 1906 he published thirty-eight papers. He published constantly on the Straits region; he was a good Director who completed all his tasks with zeal; travelled as much as possible sending back specimens to build an impressive herbarium in Singapore and contributing to the herbarium at the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew; and he brought back live samples to Singapore to be studied and cultivated. He became especially interested in economic botany, collecting data and writing about indigenous plants with a commercial value such as rattan. Yet, Ridley also still maintained his interested in zoological science; he had a large insect collection; he studied relations between plants and animals indeed he actively cared for animals living in the Botanical Gardens, Singapore. Despite these numerous achievements Ridley is best remembered for his involvement in the development of Malaysian rubber or Hevea brasiliensis.
Sir Joseph Hooker (Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 1865-1885) had encouraged the exchange of plants between colonies and he suggested to Ridley in 1888 that he stop at Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) to study rubber plants. Ridley was so enthused by what he found that on arrival in Singapore he established a plantation of rubber trees and started experiments. He concentrated on making sure that the latex yield outweighed the cost of planting and maintaining the trees. Others were slow to realise the potential benefits but despite this Ridley continued to develop his plantation and so by the time others started plantations he was an expert. The first economic plantation was in Malacca in 1896 using seeds provided by Ridley. Others soon followed and the resultant boom was largely due to Ridley's seeds and advice. When he retired in 1912 the planters of Malaysia awarded him $800 in acknowledgement but despite spawning the industry Ridley received nothing else.
Another great interest of Ridley's was psychic phenomena; he founded the Singapore Philosophical Society and edited its journal. He also founded the Society for Psychical Research. He was known to be a kind man, who offered assistance to his employees' families.
Ridley achieved much but it is for rubber and as the man who man made others rich that he is mainly remembered in his obituaries. Professional bodies recognised his contribution to botany; he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1907 and granted a C.M.G. by the Government of the Straits Settlements in 1911. In addition, the Botanical Magazine was dedicated to Ridley in 1906 in acknowledgement of the many live plants he sent to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Ridley died at age 101 in 1956, at his home in Kew village, London having lost his sight from an earlier illness and having been confined to the house for four years.
Born 1916, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne; Staff Training College, Camberley, 1939; Royal Artillery, 1940-1945; General Staff Officer, Military Government of the Greater Berlin Area, Germany, 1945-1946; Staff Captain, Department of the Adjutant General of the Forces, War Office, 1947-1948; Captain, Royal Artillery, 1949; Major 1952; Colonel, 1964; Military Attaché, Warsaw, Poland, 1965; retired 1970; died 2006.
John Robert Riding, 1902-1983, was born in Gateacre, near Liverpool, and lived at Newcastle-under-Lyme until he was three years old, when his parents moved to London. Ridings began his career as an office boy with Camberwell Metropolitan Borough Council in 1917. In September 1940 he became Assistant Solicitor for Camberwell Metropolitan Borough Council. Riding was appointed Solicitor and Deputy Clerk to Hayes and Harlington Urban District Council, Middlesex in July 1943. In October 1946 he was appointed Clerk and Solicitor to Willenhall Urban District Council, Staffordshire. He retired from this post in March 1966 on the re-organisation of local government in the West Midlands. He went on to become Clerk of Shifnal Parish Council, Shropshire in 1968. In October 1976 Riding was appointed Town Clerk of Shifnal when the Parish Council became a Town Council. In March 1977 Riding retired after sixty years in local government. In February 1926 Riding was appointed Secretary to the Joint Committee of the Peckham branch of the Independent Labour Party (ILP) and Camberwell Local Communist Party. In 1930 Riding retired from this post as he was moving from the Borough following his marriage. In 1928 Riding became Acting Secretary to the ILP South London Federation. He became Propaganda Secretary for the Federation in 1930. He was Member of the National Executive Committee of the Society of Clerks of the Urban District Councils, 1952-1968; President of the Society of Clerks of the Urban District Councils, 1954-1966; Member of the Executive Council of the Urban District Councils Association, 1966-1967; Member of the National Executive Committee of the Society of Local Council Clerks, 1972-1975; Chairman of the Executive Committee, Shropshire Association of Parish & Town Councils, 1974-1977, and continued as a co-opted member of this Committee after his retirement.
Frances Butcher was born on 7 March 1887 in Lewisham, South London. She trained as a Nursing Sister at the London Temperance Hospital and at Carey Hall. On 31 July 1920 she sailed to China, where she worked as a Nursing Sister at the Tientsin Hospital for the London Missionary Society. Frances Butcher resigned her position in October 1924 when she married William Sheldon Ridge.
William Sheldon Ridge was born in Selby, Yorkshire on 10 Jan 1875, and worked as a teacher. He married Mary Louisa Craven in 1903, who died in 1923. They went out to China in 1904 when Ridge became Headmaster of the Shanghai Municipal Public School for Chinese. In 1905 he became Assistant Editor of The Shanghai Mercury, and held a series of editorships including The National Review China (1907-1916); The Peking Daily News (1917-1921); and The Far Eastern Times (1922-1926). In 1930 Ridge started The Chronicle, which he continued until 1939 when he retired. As well as doing journalistic work Ridge was Lecturer on Chinese geography and international relations at the North China Union Language School (from 1917), and Professor of English Language and Literature at the Chinese Government College of Salt Administration (from 1920) and at the Chinese Government University of Communications (from 1927). On their retirement the Ridges moved to Yenchi, and were interned by the Japanese in 1943. In 1945 Ridge died suddenly from a gall stone obstruction.
Alan Ridge (1926-1997) was born in Brighton and attended the University of London, studying history and archives administration. He worked at the London County Council Archives and as Head of the Records and Registry Service of the National Coal Board.
In 1962 Ridge moved to Canada to establish the archival course at McGill University. He became Provincial Archivist of Alberta in 1968, serving for 16 years. He participated in many professional associations, including the Association of Canadian Archivists, the Alberta Society of Archivists, and the Historical Society of Alberta. In 1985 he was invested in the Order of Canada.
He died in 1997 and is commemorated in the Alan Ridge Publications Award of the Association of Canadian Archivists.
Information from the Association of Canadian Archivists at http://archivists.ca/content/aca-award-recipient-biographies [accessed Sep 2011].
Lease and release was the most common method of conveying freehold property from the later seventeenth century onwards, before the introduction of the modern conveyance in the late nineteenth century. The lease was granted for a year (sometimes six months), then on the following day the lessor released their right of ownership in return for the consideration (the thing for which land was transferred from one party to another, usually, of course, a sum of money).
From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".
Eric Rideal was born the son of Samuel Rideal, a public analyst and consulting chemist, and Elizabeth at Sydenham, Kent. He was educated at Farnham Grammar School and Oundle School as a child. In 1907 he entered Trinity Hall, Cambridge to read natural sciences. In 1910 he gained first class honours in part one of the Tripos, and subsequently gained first class honours in part two of the Tripos in 1911. A lecturer at Cambridge, Sir William Bate Hardy, steered Eric Rideal into studying surface chemistry. This resulted in him researching at Aachen and Bonn, Germany. He studied electrochemistry and graduated in 1912 and in 1913 he gained the gold medal of the Bonn Society of Engineers for his research. He returned to Westminster, England and in 1914, he worked with war supplies. He was under the Artists' Rifles and moved on to the Royal Engineers as Captain. He was invalided in 1916 and returned to scientific research namely nitrogen research at the University College London laboratory. In 1919 he co-wrote Catalysis in Theory and Practice with H. S. Taylor. He was a visiting professor of the University of Illinois in 1919 and in 1921, he married Margaret Atlee, widow of William Agnew Paton. In 1930 he was elected Fellow of the Royal Society. He also became Professor of Colloid Physics (later Colloid Science) at Cambridge University in 1930, a position he held until 1946. During this period he worked on electrochemistry, heterogeneous catalysis, colloid and surface chemistry and kinetics spectroscopy. From 1939-1945 he worked on explosives, fuels and polymers for the war effort of the Second World War. In 1946 he became Fullerian Professor of Chemistry and Director of the Davy-Faraday Research Laboratory at The Royal Institution of Great Britain (RI). He left the RI in 1949 and became Professor of Chemistry at King's College London in 1950, retiring in 1955. In 1951 he was knighted and also gained the Davy medal of the Royal Society. From 1953 to 1958, he was Chairman of the Advisory Council on Scientific Research and the Technical Development of the Ministry of Supply. He was elected a Fellow of King's College London in 1963. He died in a nursing home in London in 1974.
James Montague Wyatt (1883-1953), MB, BS (London) 1905, FRCS 1910, FRCOG 1929, qualified in 1905 at St Thomas's Hospital, where, after various appointments and service in World War I, he became Obstetric Physician until 1946. He was a Foundation Fellow of the College, served on the Council from 1941-1946 and was Vice President for the next three years (bibliography: Sir John Peel, Lives of the Fellows, pp.387-388). On his death Wyatt left a generous bequest to the College to finance the holding of an annual James Wyatt dinner. The memoir described below was given as a speech at the 1978 dinner.
The manor of Ealing or Ealingbury was presumably the 10 hides at Ealing granted in 693 by Ethelred, king of Mercia, to the bishop of London for the augmentation of monastic life in London. The manor passed through various owners until 1906 when most or all of the land was sold to the Prudential Assurance Company.
Source: "A History of the County of Middlesex": Volume 7 (1982).
The composer Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) was appointed Vice Kapellmeister to the Esterházy court at Eisenstadt, Austria, in 1761, and became Ober-Kapellmeister in 1766. Anton Richter (1802-1854) was an organist and choirmaster at Eisenstadt and father of Hans Richter (1843-1916) the Austro-Hungarian conductor. Anton Prinster and his brother Michael were horn players in Haydn's orchestra at the Esterházy court. Their niece, Fanny Elssler, was the daughter of Johann Florian Elssler (1769-1843), music copyist to Haydn.
Derek Richter was a Neurochemist, responsible for the discovery of monoamine oxidase. After studying chemistry at Oxford, and holding various research posts in Oxford and London, Richter was appointed Director of the Neuropsychiatric Research Centre at Whitchurch Hospital, Cardiff, in 1947. The Research Centre was funded jointly by the MRC and the Rockefeller Foundation until 1957, when it was taken over by the MRC. In 1960 it moved to Carshalton, Surrey. Richter served on the Central Council of the International Brain Research Organisation and as Secretary General 1972-1977. He was instrumental in establishing the Mental Health Research Fund in 1949, the Journal of Neurochemistry in 1956, the Brain Research Association in 1968, and the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Group for Biological Psychiatry in 1977.
Donovan Richnell was born in Bedford Park, London in 1911 and was educated at St. Paul's School and Corpus Christi, Cambridge. His war service included a posting to the Far East with the Royal Navy. He was successively; Sub-Librarian at the Royal Society of Medicine, 1946-1949; Deputy Librarian, London University Library, 1949-1960; Librarian, Reading University, 1960-1967; Director and Goldsmith's Librarian, London University Library, 1967-1974; Director General of the British Library Reference Division, 1974-1979.
The Richmond Main Sewerage Board was created by Provisional Order of the Local Government Board under Section 279 of the Public Health Act, 1875 in 1887 to serve the parishes of Richmond, Kew, Petersham, North Sheen, Barnes and Mortlake, its members being appointed by the two sanitary authorities covering this area, the Richmond Corporation, which supplied six members (including the Mayor ex officio) and the Richmond Rural Sanitary Authority which also supplied six members (including the Chairman, ex officio). When the rural authority ceased to exist in 1892, part of its area was added to the borough of Richmond and the remainder was administered by a newly-created Barnes Urban Sanitary Authority (later Urban District Council) and, by an order of the Local Government Board in the following year, the constitution of the Richmond Main Sewerage Board was changed, Richmond supplying 7 members and Barnes 6. Barnes received a charter of incorporation as a municipal borough in 1932.
The Sewage Works in Westhall Road, Kew Gardens were opened in 1891, and were reconstructed over the period 1947-1960.
Richmond entered the Navy in 1885 in the BRITANNIA. From 1887 to 1890 he served on the Australian Station in the NELSON, CALLIOPE and ORLANDO. He was a midshipman in the RUBY, Training Squadron, 1890 to 1891, spending some time in the Channel MINOTAUR. In 1892 he was promoted to lieutenant and served in the surveying ship STORK, Mediterranean, until 1893. After a short period in the ACTIVE, Training Squadron, in 1894, he went to the VERNON to specialise in torpedoes and remained on the staff until 1897. He then served as torpedo officer in the EMPRESS OF INDIA, RAMILLIES and CANOPUS, Mediterranean, 1897 to 1900, and in the MAJESTIC, Channel Fleet, 1900 to 1903. He was promoted to commander in 1903. After a brief period at the Admiralty he served in the CRESCENT, flagship at the Cape of Good Hope, from 1904 to 1906. He then returned to the Admiralty for two years, when the Fisher reforms were in progress, and was promoted to captain in 1908. Richmond was captain of the DREADNOUGHTH, flagship of the Atlantic Fleet, from 1908 to 1911. This was followed by two years in command of the FURIOUS and VINDICTIVE, attached to VERNON, during which time he delivered a series of lectures to the Naval War College. In 1913 he became Assistant Director of Operations at the Admiralty. After a short spell in 1915 as liaison officer with the Italian fleet he commanded the COMMONWEALTH, Third Battle Squadron, from 1915 to 1917, and the CONQUEROR, Grand Fleet, 1917 to 1918. In 1918 he was appointed Director of Training and Staff Duties at the Admiralty but in 1919 returned to sea in the ERIN. He was promoted to Rear-Admiral in 1920 and appointed first to revive the War Course and later to be President of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich. From 1923 to 1925 he was Commander-in-Chief, East Indies, and was promoted to Vice-Admiral in 1925. He set up and headed the Imperial Defence College between 1926 and 1931, being promoted to admiral in 1929. He retired in 1931 and in 1934 was appointed to the Vere Harmsworth Chair of Imperial and Naval History. He subsequently became Master of Downing College, Cambridge. Richmond's active interest in naval history, in which he came to specialize, began while he was still a serving officer. He also had strong views on contemporary naval policy which were not always acceptable to the Admiralty. He was the author of numerous books, lectures and articles on the Navy in history and in the present day. His most famous work is 'The Navy in the War of 1739 to 1748' (3 vols, Cambridge, 1920). See A.J. Marder, 'Portrait of an Admiral; the life and papers of Sir Herbert Richmond' (London, 1952) and D.M. Schurman, 'Education of a Navy' (London, 1965).
Born, 1828; apprenticed to Henry Hudson, a surgeon at Somerby, c 1838; Anderson's University, Glasgow, 1847 but left before completing his training due to illness; after a period of convalescence he became assistant to Thomas Browne, of Saffron Walden in Essex; assistant to Edward Dudley Hudson, surgeon at Littlebury; partner of Robert Willis of Barnes, Surrey, 1849; physician to the Blenheim Street Dispensary; Lecturer on Forensic Medicine at the Grosvenor Place School of Medicine, 1854; admitted MA and MD by St Andrews University, 1854; Physician to the Royal Infirmary for Diseases of the Chest, and to the Metropolitan, Marylebone, and Margaret Street dispensaries, 1856; Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London, 1865; held several posts at the Grosvenor Place school, lecturing on public hygiene and physiology before becoming Dean of the school, -1863; best-known for his research into anaesthetics and for his involvement in public health and the sanitary movement; died, 1896.
Co-founder of the Dancing Times, 1911, the Association of Operatic Dancing of Great Britain, 1920, and The Camargo Society, 1930. Richardson also founded and organised the "Sunshine" Charity Matinees and the All England Sunshine Stage Dance Competitions.
As an editor, Richardson contributed to a number of books and periodicals, but in 1946 he published A History of Ballroom Dancing (1910-1945) and in 1960, Social Dances of the Nineteenth Century.
Richardson's interest in the history of dancing led him to become an avid collector of rare books on the subject. His personal library collection was bequeathed to the RAD after his death in 1963.
Born, 1806; educated for the evangelical ministry; joined the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society on its foundation, 1839 and helped to direct the attention of the Society to the hitherto neglected trans-Saharan and Mediterranean slave trade; undertook two missions in North Africa and the Sahara to gather information and statistics on slavery for the Anti-Slavery Society, 1842-1846; died on a third expedition to explore Lake Chad, 1851.
Edmund W Richardson edited "The Picture Postcard", a magazine published in London 1900-1907.
Al Richardson born Barnsley, 1941; after University, he lectured at Exeter University and then became a history teacher in London. Richardson's politics were Trotskyite: he was a member of the Socialist Labour League, the International Marxist Group (IMG) and he was also involved in the Institute of Workers' Control. Richardson was expelled from the IMG at the end of the 1960s and co-founded the Chartist Group, which aimed to encourage revolutionary tendencies amongst the left of the Labour Party. Richardson worked with Sam Bornstein on histories of British Trotskyism and, in so doing, amassed a large archive. Two books were published in 1986 on the subject as a result of this research: Against the Stream, and War and the International. Al Richardson was also a member of the board of Socialist Platform Limited, which organised the deposit of this archive.
Jim Higgins was born in Harrow in 1930; joined the Young Communist League at the age of 14 and left school two years later; joined the Post Office as a telecommunications engineer and became active in the Post Office Engineering Union (POEU) and the Communist Party; left the latter in 1956 after the invasion of Hungary by the Soviet Union. Higgins joined the Socialist Labour League and then, at the end of the 1950s, the Socialist Review Group. By the 1960s, Higgins was the secretary of the International Socialists (IS). By the early 1970s, Higgins gave up his work as a POEU branch secretary to become the full-time national secretary of the IS. He left the Socialist Workers Party (the former IS) in 1977 and became a journalist. His political memoir, More years for the Locust, was published in 1997.
Richard Routley Adams Richards was Chief Paymaster on board HMS CHALLENGER. He was uncle of Herbert Arthur Richards, (1866-1957).
Born, 1936; educated at Monkton Combe School, Emmanuel College Cambridge, St George's Hospital Medical School, Royal Postgraduate Medical School; Consultant Physician, St Peter's Hospital, Chertsey, 1970-1973; Honorary Senior Lecturer in Medicine, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, 1970-1973; Senior Lecturer in Medicine, St George's Hospital Medical School, 1973-1979; Dean and Professor of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, 1979-1995; Pro-Rector (Medicine), Imperial College, 1988-1995; Chairman, Council of Deans of UK Medical Schools and Faculties, 1994-1995; member, General Medical Council, 1994-[1997]; member, Royal College of Physicians, London, 1994-[1997].
Publications:The Medieval Leper joint editor (Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, 1977); Understanding Water, Electrolyte and Acid/Base Metabolism 1983; Learning Medicine 1983; Living Medicine 1990; scientific papers especially concerning kidney disease and criterial for selection of medical students.
Born, London, c 1900; educated King's College for Women, 1917-1920, graduated BA, University of London, 1920; school teacher, St Aidan's School, Stroud Green, London, 1923; Secretary, John Lewis Partnership (Peter Jones), from 1931.
No information was available at the time of compilation.
The Sun Fire Office was founded in 1710 by a co-partnership of 24 'gentlemen of mixed social and professional background' to provide fire insurance following the devastation of the Great Fire of London in 1666. It is the oldest insurance company in existence; it merged with Alliance Asssurance in 1959 and with Royal Insurance (founded 1842) in 1996 to form Royal and Sun Alliance.
Richards and Rooke were Spanish merchants. Richards was active from 1716 until his death in 1736 and the two were in partnership from 1728 to 1736; Rooke carried on the business after Richards' death. They had premises in Packer's Court, Coleman Street (1716-66) and 14 Angel Court (1767-72). Richards died on 9 August 1736 at Edmonton (Gentleman's Magazine) and was buried at St Stephen Coleman Street on 20 August 1736. Coleman Street Ward land tax records indicate that his partnership with Rooke started in 1728 (Ms 11316). Rooke died 27 January 1771 (Gentleman's Magazine): evidently the last 22 months of his accounts were entered by an interested party.
Born, 1866; educated, Framlington; an Assistant in the British Central Africa Protectorate, 1900-1901; Oriental Secretary to the Legation at Tehran; HM Vice Consul, Tehran, 1903; transferred to Bushire, 1904; to Zanzibar, 1906; to Abidjean, West Africa, 1907; Acting Consul at Lorenzo Marques, 1910; Vice-Consul at Beira, 1910; Consul for the Society Islands, 1912; also a Deputy Commissioner for the Western Pacific, 1912; Acting Consul at Calais, 1916-1919; in charge at Callao, 1919; Consul there, 1919; in charge of the Legation at Lima, 1922 and 1923; Consul General, Chicago, 1923-1928; retired, 1928; died, 1957.
Charles Granston Richards was born in 1908. He went to Kenya in 1935 as a missionary for the Church Missionary Society, with special responsibility for the encouragement of literacy and literature among East Africans. Working through the CMS Bookshop in Nairobi, he became a publisher - for example, under the imprint of the Highway Press. In 1948, following an appraisal by Elspeth Huxley, the East African Governor's Conference decided to set up an East African Literature Bureau (EALB). Charles Richards wrote the report which led to its establishment and became its first Director. The EALB published a variety of texts, in English and in the major African languages - some of which are included in this collection. Richards remained Director of the EALB for fifteen years.
In 1963 Dr. Richards moved to the Oxford University Press to build up its publishing in East Africa, but in 1964 the OUP released him to work part-time in setting up what became the Christian Literature Fund (CLF) of the World Council of Churches. Richards was full-time Director of the CLF from 1965-1970, and of its successor, the Agency for Christian Literature Development (ACLD) from 1970-1974. The offices of the CLF were in Lausanne, but Richards was constantly 'in the field', as his Tour reports indicate. In December 1974 Dr. Richards retired as Director of the ACLD, which was then replaced by the Print Media Development Unit (PMDU) of the new World Association for Christian Communication (WACC), under the Acting Director, Reverend A. D. Manuel. Richards maintained an active association with the PMDU, and with other agencies concerned with literature and literacy. He served on the British Committee on Literacy, conducted an evaluation of the South African Bureau of Literacy, investigated the progress of the East African Venture, which he had helped to start while at the ACLD, and continued to give talks on his past work.
Dr Audrey Richards, 1899-1984, was the daughter of Sir Henry Erle Richards, a legal member of the vice-regal council of India. She attended Downe House School near Newbury and read Natural Sciences at Cambridge. After graduating, she worked as an assistant to Gilbert Murray, and from 1924 to 1928 was Secretary of the Labour Department of the League of Nations Union. Richards registered as a PhD student at the London School of Economics in 1928 under C G Seligman. She carried out anthropological fieldwork among the Bemba of Northern Rhodesia, now Zambia, from 1930 to 1931, returning to the School to become lecturer in Social Anthropology, 1933-1934. The major subjects of her Bemba research were food production and nutrition and, because women were the principal farmers, women's work and women's lives. She also investigated Bemba politics and government. From 1937 to 1949 she was senior lecturer in Anthropology at the University of Witwatersrand, South Africa. During the Second World War, Richards worked for the Colonial Office and was closely connected with the Colonial Social Science Research Council. She returned to the LSE in 1946 as a Reader in Social Anthropology, going on to become director of the East African Institute of Social Research, Makerere University in 1950. Here she carried out extensive research, partly in co-operation with her colleagues, into Ugandan and particularly Bugandan affairs. This research concentrated on political and economic organisation. From 1956 to 1966, she was Fellow of Newnham College Cambridge, and from 1966 she held the Smuts Readership.
A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.
Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.
Abstract of title is a summary of prior ownership of a property, drawn up by solicitors. Such an abstract may go back several hundred years or just a few months, and was usually drawn up just prior to a sale.
From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".