Duff entered the Navy in 1875, passed as a sub-lieutenant in 1881 and as a lieutenant in 1884, after which he specialized in torpedo duties. He was promoted to commander in 1897 and to captain in 1902. In 1911 he became Director of Naval mobilization and two years later was promoted to rear-admiral. During the first half of the war he was second-in-command of the Fourth Battle Squadron, flying his flag in the EMPEROR OF INDIA in 1914 and in the SUPERB at Jutland, 1916. Duff was then appointed as Director of the Anti-Submarine Division. In 1917 he was made Assistant Chief of Naval Staff. He was promoted to vice-admiral in 1918 and from 1919 to 1922 was Commander-in-Chief on the China Station. He retired in 1925.
Born 21 October 1933; educated at Trowbridge High School for Girls and Sarah Bonnell High School for Girls; BA honours, English, King's College London, 1953-1956; Chairman of the Greater London Arts Literature Panel, 1979-1981, the Authors Lending and Copyright Society, 1982-1994, and the British Copyright Council from 1989 (Vice Chairman, 1981-1986); Vice Chairman of the Copyright Licensing Agency, from 1994; President of the Writers' Guild of Great Britain, 1985-1988; Co-founder of the Writers' Action Group, 1972-1979; Vice President of the European Writers Congress, from 1992, and Beauty without Cruelty, from 1975; Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, 1985.
Publications: That's how it was (New Authors, London, 1962); The single eye (Hutchinson, London, 1964); The microcosm (Hutchinson, London, 1966); The paradox players (Hutchinson, London, 1967); Lyrics for the dog hour (Hutchinson & Co, London, 1968); Wounds (Methuen, London, 1969); Rites (Methuen & Co, London, 1969); Love child (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1971); The venus touch (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1971); The erotic world of faery (Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1972); I want to go to Moscow (Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1973); A nightingale in Bloomsbury Square (1974); Capital (Cape, London 1975); Evesong (1975); The passionate shepherdess: Aphra Behn, 1640-89 (Cape, London, 1977); Housespy (Hamilton, London, 1978); Memorials of the quick and the dead (H Hamilton, London, 1979); Inherit the earth: a social history (H Hamilton, London, 1980); Gor saga (Eyre Metheun, London, 1981); Londoners: an elegy (Methuen, London, 1983); Men and beasts: an animal rights handbook (Paladin, London, 1984); Collected poems (Hamilton, London, 1985); Change (Methuen, London, 1987); A thousand capricious chances: a history of the Methuen list 1889-1989 (Methuen, London, 1989); Illuminations (Sinclair-Stevenson, 1991); Occam's razor (Sinclair-Stevenson, London, 1993); Love child (Virago Press, London, 1994); Henry Purcell (Fourth Estate, London, 1994).
Born, 1909; educated at King Edward VI School, Birmingham, Exeter College Oxford and Queen's College Cambridge, BA 1932, BD 1940, DD 1957; Deacon, 1935; Priest, 1936; Assistant Curate of Holy Trinity, Formby, 1935-1937; Sub-Warden, St Deiniol's Library, Hawarden, 1937-1938; Rector of Ingestre-with-Tixall, 1938-1943; Chaplain of Alleyn's College of God's Gift, Dulwich, 1943-1944; Rector of Bredfield and Director of Religious Education, Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich, 1945-1947; Senior Lecturer in Ecclesiastical History at the University of Manchester, 1946-1958; Professor of Ecclesiastical History, King's College London, 1958-1976; Emeritus, 1976-1990; founded and edited the Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 1950-1978; died, 1990.
Unknown
Dr Lawrence Dulake FRCS, LRCP, FRCGP (1901-1987) was a general practitioner in Reigate, Surrey.
Dulwich College was founded in 1619 by Edward Alleyn.
These records were possibly all the property of Gareth H. Williams, who appears as one of the stage staff in some of the programmes and whose initials, G.H.W., are on one of the magazines.
Dulwich Hospital started life as the Champion Hill Infirmary of St Saviour's Union in 1886. In 1921 it became Southwark Hospital and in 1931, when London County Council took over the running of it, it became Dulwich Hospital. In 1948, when the National Health Service Act came into operation, the Hospital came under the administrative control of Camberwell Hospital Management Committee, which included St Giles and St Francis Hospitals. This Committee was under the South East Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board. In 1964, Dulwich Hospital joined King's College Hospital Group. Dulwich Hospital produced patient case notes in the course of its business.
Dulwich Hospital started life as the Champion Hill Infirmary of St Saviour's Union in 1886. In 1921 it became Southwark Hospital and in 1931, when London County Council took over the running of it, it became Dulwich Hospital. In 1948, when the National Health Service Act came into operation, the Hospital came under the administrative control of Camberwell Hospital Management Committee, which included St Giles and St Francis Hospitals. This Committee was under the South East Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board. In 1964, Dulwich Hospital joined King's College Hospital Group, which resulted in the nursing schools being merged.
Alexandre Dumas was born in Picardy. His father, General Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, the son of a white French aristocrat and a black Haitian slave, died when Alexandre was a young child and he was brought up by his mother. As a young man he moved to Paris to work for the Duc d'Orleans (later King Louis-Phillipe) and started writing articles and plays, subsequently branching out into novels and historical essays. Publications include The Count of Monte-Cristo and The Three Musketeers. He was a commercial success as a writer, but not always popular with the changing political regimes. One of his illegitimate sons, also Alexandre Dumas (now known as Dumas fils), also became a successful writer.
Publications include The Count of Monte-Cristo and The Three Musketeers.
The company was formed in 1863 to carry out a concession from the Russian government; first registered on the Stock Exchange on 2 June 1863; and its name changed in 1893 to the Dvinsk and Vitebsk Railway Company Limited. It went into voluntary liquidation on 21 May 1894 after acquisition by the Russian government - shareholders received cash or Russian government bonds.
Scott Dunbar was a teacher, philosopher and theologian from Canada. Dunbar led a difficult life, experiencing a near death experience due to an alcohol overdose, later ending up an Alcoholics Anonymous member, 1975; became a bio-ethicist via the Cleveland Clinic and wrote on many aspects of bio-ethics; later moving to Toronto, 1997, only to return to Montreal unemployed. He then worked, teaching English as a second language. Scott, a profound thinker and skilled writer met Iris Murdoch in 1966; Scott became arguably the most important 'gay' friend she had, one of the many including Roly Cochrane and Andrew Harvey. Scott Dunbar died 1 March 2006.
The television series was produced by Bill Duncalf, with the exception of the 1961 programme on Ross which was produced by Shelagh Rees. The first two scripts were also by Duncalf; Anthony Coburn and Anthea Browne-Wilkinson scripted the 1961 programmes.
Born London, 28 November 1926, but spent her earliest years in Russia where her father went to work; graduated in 1948 with an External London BSc in Zoology taken at University College, Leicester; studied marine worms in the Isle of Man and was awarded her PhD from the University of Liverpool; moved, in 1952, to Royal Holloway College as Assistant Lecturer in the newly opened Zoology Department; promoted to Lecturer in 1957 and retired in 1991 as Reader in Ecology, a University of London appointment which she had held since 1976; her research was concerned with plankton living in the reservoirs situated around Staines and she supervised investigations into the fauna of the slow sand filters through which London's drinking water is purified; her data has been incorporated into increasingly refined models of how reservoir ecosystems work; pioneer in the use of echo-sounding to measure fish populations, equipment now used routinely by the Environment Agency; with a botanical colleague, she started a BSc Ecology degree at a time when only three such degrees were taught in the UK. At the time of Dr Duncan's death, she was the initiator and principal coordinator of a complex project funded by the EU which embraced numerous colleagues from three European and three SE Asian countries; worked extensively in Europe, Africa and the USA; maintained a lifelong association with socialism and eastern Europe, maintaining communications across the Iron Curtain; after her formal retirement Duncan remained active in research as Emeritus Reader in Ecology and Leader of the Hydroacoustic Unit at the Royal Holloway Institute of Environmental Research; died 3 October 2000.
Dr James T Duncan was born in Ireland in 1884; educated at schools in Dublin and Watford and attended Dublin Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons. Post qualification, Duncan spent a year visiting Medical Colleges in the United States and Canada and was appointed lecturer in anatomy at the Edward VII Medical School, Malaya, 1914; later becoming Acting Principal of the Edward VII Medical School, 1916. He returned to England and took a course at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine at the Albert Dock Hospital, 1919, later being appointed as assistant to Dr Newham.
Duncan was attached to the Bacteriological Department at LSHTM from 1929, studying the Salmonella and Brucella groups, having already demonstrated skill in this field, in 1922, by separating Brucella abortus from man, the first published record of this. Duncan was moved to Winchester with the Emergency Medical services, 1939, and became Chairman of the Medical Research Council Committee on Mycology, initiating a movement for the establishment of a centre for Medical Mycology in London, which was later established at LSHTM. Duncan was appointed as Reader in Mycology to the University of London, 1945 and formed active centres of mycology in Leeds, Exeter, Glasgow and Birmingham Universities. Duncan retired in 1949.
Publications include An Annotated Bibliography of Medical Mycology, 1943(-1950) edited by Duncan and others (Kew, 1944-1951) and Review of Medical and Veterinary Mycology edited by Duncan and others (Kew, 1951-).
Duncan Macneill and Company Limited was incorporated in London in 1951, giving limited liability and a new name to Macneill Barry and Company, a merger in 1950 of the old-established partnerships Duncan Macneill and Company and J B Barry and Son.
DUNCAN MACNEILL AND COMPANY: established in London in the 1870s by Duncan Macneill and John MacKinnon, nephews of Sir William MacKinnon (for details of the shipping, trading and agency firms established by MacKinnon, see the Inchcape Group introductory note in CLC/B/123). The firm handled the UK end of agency business in shipping, coal, tea and jute transacted by its associated firm, Macneill and Company of Calcutta.
NB: see also Rivers Steam Navigation Company (CLC/B/123-47) for records of Duncan Macneill and Co's management of Rivers Steam Navigation Company.
J B BARRY AND SON: set up in London in the 1860s by the son of Dr J B Barry, a tea garden doctor (or horticulturist) from Assam. Concerned initially with the sale of tea shipped to London by its sister firm Barry and Company of Calcutta, its interests expanded thereafter to include the handling of oil cake, jute and coal.
In 1915 Lord Inchcape, as commercial successor to Sir William MacKinnon, took over the Macneill and Barry partnerships in England and India. The firm was incorporated in 1951 in the period of company restructuring overseen by the third Earl Inchcape prior to the launch of Inchcape and Company Limited in 1958. It was included in the new enterprise as a principal subsidiary.
Duncan Macneill and Company had offices at 7 Lothbury, ca. 1880-6; Winchester House, 50 Old Broad Street, 1887-1926. J B Barry and Son had offices at 110 Cannon Street, c 1880-1918; Winchester House, 50 Old Broad Street 1919-26. Thereafter, both firms shared premises at 117-118 Leadenhall Street 1927-53; Dunster House, Mincing Lane 1954-61, and 40 St Mary Axe 1962-88.
The Duncombe family were solicitors based in London. Most of the documents are concerned with the interests of members of the Duncombe family in Holborn and elsewhere, but some certainly, and others possibly relate to their practice as solicitors.
See sub-fonds level descriptions for individual biographies.
Henry Dundas was born 28 April 1742. He was educated at Edinburgh High School and Edinburgh University and was admitted as a member of the Faculty of Advocates in 1763. His family connections and skills as a public orator ensured him a thriving business as a barrister and at the age of twenty-four he was appointed Solicitor General for Scotland. From October 1774-1790 Henry Dundas served as a member of the House of Commons and in 1775 he was appointed Lord Advocate, a post he held until 1783.
Henry Dundas' links with India began in April 1781 when he was appointed chairman of a secret committee on the war in the Carnatic and British possessions in India. The following year Dundas was appointed Minister Treasurer of the Navy, entered the Privy Council and took the office of the Keeper of the Scotch Signet. Although Dundas lost his job as Minister Treasurer of the Navy in 1783 he was made a member of the Board of Control for India in 1784 and became its President from 1793-1802. During this period he held a number of other political appointments most notably from 1791-1794 as Home Secretary, during which he defended the East India Company as Secretary of War in 1794 and as Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland in 1800. He was created Viscount Melville in 1802 and was First Lord of the Admiralty from May 1804-1805. It was following this appointment that he was accused of using monies for purposes other than the Navy. In June 1805 he was called upon to defend himself in the House of Commons and there was some debate over whether he should stand trial or face impeachment. The impeachment before the House of Lords took place in April 1806 and eventually Dundas was acquitted of all charges. He never again held public office and died on 28 May 1811.
Robert Saunders Dundas (1771-1851) was the only son of Henry Dundas. He too was educated at Edinburgh High School and entered Parliament in 1797 as MP for Hastings. He then acted as private secretary to his father until 1801. In 1807 he was appointed to the Privy Council and in April of that year, following in his father's footsteps, he became the President of the Board of Control. From 1812-1827 he was first Lord of the Admiralty, and again from 1828-1830. Like his father Robert Dundas also held a number of important appointments in Scotland, including Governor of the Bank of Scotland. From 1814 he was Chancellor of the University of St. Andrews and in 1821 became a Knight of the Thistle. He died on 10 June 1851.
Henry Dundas was born 28 April 1742. He was educated at Edinburgh High School and Edinburgh University and was admitted as a member of the Faculty of Advocates in 1763. His family connections and skills as a public orator ensured him a thriving business as a barrister and at the age of twenty-four he was appointed Solicitor General for Scotland. From October 1774-1790 Henry Dundas served as a member of the House of Commons and in 1775 he was appointed Lord Advocate, a post he held until 1783. Henry Dundas' links with India began in April 1781 when he was appointed chairman of a secret committee on the war in the Carnatic and British possessions in India. The following year Dundas was appointed Minister Treasurer of the Navy, entered the Privy Council and took the office of the Keeper of the Scotch Signet. Although Dundas lost his job as Minister Treasurer of the Navy in 1783 he was made a member of the Board of Control for India in 1784 and became its President from 1793-1802. During this period he held a number of other political appointments most notably from 1791-1794 as Home Secretary, during which he defended the East India Company as Secretary of War in 1794 and as Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland in 1800. He was created Viscount Melville in 1802 and was First Lord of the Admiralty from May 1804-1805. It was following this appointment that he was accused of using monies for purposes other than the Navy. In June 1805 he was called upon to defend himself in the House of Commons and there was some debate over whether he should stand trial or face impeachment. The impeachment before the House of Lords took place in April 1806 and eventually Dundas was acquitted of all charges. He never again held public office and died on 28 May 1811.
Dundas was admitted to the Scottish Bar in 1763, was appointed Solicitor-General for Scotland in 1766 and Lord Advocate in 1775. He represented Edinburghshire, 1774 to 1782, Newtown, Isle of Wight, 1782, Edinburghshire, 1783 to 1790 and Edinburgh, 1790 to 1802. He first held office in 1782 when he was appointed Treasurer of the Navy for a short time under Shelburne and resumed office under Pitt in December, 1783, holding it continuously until June 1800. He was also Home Secretary, 1791 to 1794, and Secretary of War, 1794 to 1801. In 1804 he was made First Lord of the Admiralty. When the Commission of Naval Enquiry published its tenth report dealing with the office of Treasurer of the Navy, Dundas resigned from office. He was impeached in 1806 and, although acquitted, it was clear that he was guilty of negligent supervision during his term of office. He held no further appointment.
Robert Dundas, only son of Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville (q.v.), entered Parliament as representative for Hastings, 1794 to 1796, Rye, 1796 to 1801 and Edinburghshire, 1801 to 1811. He first came into prominence when he defended his father against impeachment in 1806. In 1807 he was made President of the Board of Control. In 1809 he was briefly Irish Secretary before resuming his former office. From 1812 to 1827 he was First Lord of the Admiralty, resigning because he refused to serve under Canning. He held the office again from 1828 to 1830.
Born James Whitley Deans, he took the name of Dundas on marrying his cousin in 1808. He entered the Navy in 1799, served in the Mediterranean and Channel fleets and was made lieutenant in 1805. For the rest of the Napoleonic War he served in the Baltic or the North Sea. After a succession of peacetime commands, he was made rear-admiral in 1841, and briefly, a member of the Board of the Admiralty. From 1846 to 1847 he was Second Naval Lord and was First Naval Lord from 1847 to 1852. He was Member of Parliament for Greenwich, 1832 to 1834 and 1841 to 1852 and for Devizes, 1836 to 1838. In 1852 he was made Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean, and a vice-admiral. He was in command when the Crimean War started and his responsibilities included the transport of the army to the Crimea and support of the allies in the battle of Alma and at Sebastopol. Having completed the usual term of command he was relieved in January 1855. He was promoted to admiral in 1857 but saw no further service.
Thomas Frederick Dunhill, born, London, 1 Feb 1877; entered the Royal College of Music, 1893; studied composition with Charles Stanford and piano with Franklin Taylor; first RCM student to win the Tagore Gold Medal, 1899; assistant music master at Eton College, 1899-1908; taught harmony and counterpoint at the RCM from 1905; founded a series of chamber concerts devoted to the works of British composers, 1907; first recipient of the Cobbett Chamber Music Medal, 1924; wrote much educational music and was an adjudicator and examiner; published texts on Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1927), Sir Arthur Sullivan (1928) and Sir Edward Elgar (1938); editor of the RCM Magazine; awarded an honorary DMus by Durham University, 1940; elected FRCM, 1942; Director of the Royal Philharmonic Society and Dean of the Faculty of Music at the University of London; died Scunthorpe, 13 March 1946. Publications: Chamber Music (London, 1913); Mozart's String Quartets (London, 1927 and 1970); Sullivan's Comic Operas (London, 1928 and 1981); Sir Edward Elgar (London, 1938).
The donor, A Dunitz, was instrumental in bringing about the creation of a memorial to the Jews who were deported by the Nazis, by persuading the various Greek authoritities to cooperate. He was also responsible for finding all the names of the individuals. The names on this list correspond with those on the memorial. The memorial was erected in 2001.
Arthur William Dunk (c 1871-1942) served in the City Imperial Volunteers during the Boer War 1899-1900.
John Dunkin was born in 1782 in Bicester. He was living in London by the age of 23; and by 30 was working as a bookseller, stationer and printer, with a shop in Kent. He began to publish his own topographical studies, including The history and antiquities of Bicester, to which is added an inquiry into the history of Alchester, a city of the Dobuni (1816); The History and Antiquities of the Hundreds of Bullingdon and Ploughley (1823) and History and Antiquities of Dartford (1844). He also began research on Oxfordshire. Dunkin died in 1846.
No information was available at the time of compilation.
Born in 1911; Sub Lt, 1932; Lt, 1934; served on HMS GLORIOUS, 1937-1939 and as a pilot, 812 and 831 Naval Air Sqns, 1940-1942; Cdr, 1948; Capt, 1955; retired, 1965; died in 1985.
Born 1898; educated Charterhouse and Sandhurst; commissioned into Royal Artillery, 1916; served in France and Flanders, 1916-1919; Regimental staff and instructional appointments, 1919-1939; Major, 1938; Lieutenant Colonel, 1939; Brigade Commander, UK, 1940-1941; Brigadier, 1941; Middle East and 8 Army, 1942-1945; Commander 2 Army Group, Royal Artillery, Tripolitania, 1947-1948; General Officer Commanding, Singapore District, 1948-1951; Member of Executive Council, Colony of Singapore, 1948-1951; Major General, 1949; retired 1951; employed at Colonial Office, 1951-1966; died 1980.
The Dunlop Rubber Company takes its name from John Boyd Dunlop, the first person to put the pneumatic principle into everyday use by making an air filled tube tyre for bicycles. However, he was only involved with the company from 1889 to 1894, when he joined a rival firm, Tubeless (Fleuss) Pneumatic Tyre Company.
The original company was the Pneumatic Tyre and Booth's Cycle Agency Ltd, founded in 1888 in Dublin. The name Dunlop Rubber Company was first used in 1889 for a private company created to serve as one of the manufacturing units for the founder company. This founder company changed its name several times: in 1893 to the Pneumatic Tyre Company Limited: in 1896 to the Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company Limited and in 1913 to the Parent Tyre Company Limited. In 1931 the founder company went into liquidation.
In the meantime, Harvey Du Cros (who had helped to form the Pneumatic Tyre and Booth's Cycle Agency Ltd.) was providing finance to Byrne Bros., a Birmingham business engaged in the production of general rubber goods. In 1896 Byrne Bros. underwent flotation of the stock market as the Rubber Tyre Manufacturing Company based at Para Mill with the intention of building a new factory, Manor Mills, alongside it. Du Cros purchased the Manor Mills and the Rubber Tyre Manufacturing Company in 1900 and 1901 respectively, and the two companies were amalgamated to form the Dunlop Rubber Company Limited. This company purchased the founder company in 1912.
In subsequent years Dunlop expanded into a vast multinational organisation. By 1946 there were 90,000 shareholders and 70,000 employees with factories in many different countries, sales outlets in nearly every country, and rubber plantations in Southeast Asia (from 1910). Apart from merely producing tyres, the Dunlop Rubber Company Limited made cycle rims and motor car wheels from 1906 and in 1914 developed a process of spinning and doubling cotton for a new tyre fabric. A collapse in trade in 1922 after the post World War I boom led to financial and administrative reorganisation, but the inter war period also saw the development of Latex foam cushioning (sold by the subsidiary, Dunlopillo) and expansion by way of new factories in South Africa and India.
After World War II (during which Dunlop played a major part as suppliers of tyres and rubber goods to the allied forces). Dunlop expanded further to produce sports goods, sponge rubber, precision bearings and adhesives. Dunlop Holdings Limited (encompassing the whole company) was bought by BTR plc in 1985.
Dunstable synagogue was admitted as an Affiliated member of the United Synagogue in 1940. It closed in 1955.
Fred Dunston (previously Fritz Deutsch), the depositor, worked in the Youth Aliyah offices and later the Palästinaamt, Vienna (after the former was destroyed during Kristallnacht), and also as youth leader or member of the Elternschaft in the Youth Aliyah centres of Great Engeham Farm, Kent, Braunton and Bydown, Devon.
Youth Aliyah or Aliyat Hanoar, as it was known in Hebrew, was created by Recha Freier, wife of a Berlin Rabbi, in 1932. Combining productive agricultural training with educational and Zionist values it gave many young Jewish children a purpose and occupation during the period of mass unemployment, the result of the breakdown of the German economy.
Circumstances in late 1938 Europe meant that it became imperative to send Jewish children abroad. Auslandhascharah was the overseas version of Youth Aliyah where children and young people were trained with a view to eventually emigrating to Palestine. England was added to the list of countries and the London office soon became the busiest, reflecting the popularity of Great Britain as a destination.
Funding of the centres came from the British Council of the Young Pioneer Movement for Palestine (Hachsharath Hanoar), whose executive committee comprised Mrs Israel M. Sieff, Mrs Norman Laski, Mr M. Schattner and Mrs Lola Hahn-Warburg.
Great Engeham Farm, Kent, was received as a gift as a result of an advertisement in the London Times. It opened in June 1939 and a total of 134 children and 30 chalutzim lived there rent free. It served primarily as a transit camp for between 300 and 350 children aged 13-16.
Bydown, Devon, was founded by a group from Great Engeham Farm who were forced to move there in November 1939 when Kent was designated off-limits to aliens. Its headmaster was Dr. Fridolin M. Friedmann, a former headmaster of the Landschulheim of Caputh, near Berlin. It closed at the beginning of October 1941 when the lease ran out.
The agricultural training centre at Braunton, Devon, was a collaborative project between Youth Aliyah, Hechaluz and the British Council of the Young Pioneer Movement for Palestine. The accommodation housed 30 people who engaged in farm work. The centre existed between March and December 1940.
Fred Dunston (originally Fritz Deutsch) along with his friend Martin Goldenberg became involved in setting up a school to prepare Jewish children in Vienna for emigration to Palestine. After the Kristallnacht pogrom in November 1938 they started to help organise the Jewish childrens' transports to Great Britain. After a brief spell in the Kitchener Camp for Refugees, near Sandwich, Kent, they worked at Great Engeham Farm, Kent, where many of the children stayed initially before moving on to more permanent accommodation.
After spending a short period as a youth leader at Bydown, Devon, a Hascharah camp for Jewish children preparing for Palestine, Fred went on to manage a smaller centre for older refugees at Braunton, Devon. His time at Braunton was interrupted by a spell of internment on the Isle of Man along with many other German and Austrian Jewish immigrants. The centre closed at the end of 1940.
Born Pierre-Etienne Du Ponceau in France in 1760, Peter Stephen DuPonceau emigrated to America in 1777. He joined the American Philosophical Society in 1791, eventually serving as President from 1827 until his death in 1844. He was awarded the Prix Volney in 1838 for his work on the grammar of indigenous North American languages.
Henry Marion Durand was born in 1812. He went out to India in 1829, arriving in May 1830, as Second Lieutenant in the Bengal Engineers. He was involved in the Indian Mutiny of 1857, as Agent to the Governor General of central India 1857-1858. By 1870 Durand was Lieutenant General of the Punjab. His prestigious career was unfortunately ended on 1 January 1871, when he died following an accident when he fell from an elephant whilst entering the town of Tank, with the local Maharajah.
Henry Mortimer Durand was born in 1850. He was educated at Blackheath School, Eton House, Tonbridge and at the Bar, Lincoln's Inn. He entered the Indian Civil Service, arriving in India on 1 February 1873. Durand rose up through the ranks of the Indian Civil Service, and from 1884 to 1894 was Foreign Secretary to the Government of India. This was followed by a period of service as British Envoy, at the Court of the Shah of Persia. In 1900 Durand was appointed British Ambassador to Spain, a post which he held until 1903. In 1903 he became British Ambassador to the United States of America, but was recalled at the end of 1906. Durand stood as Conservative and Unionist candidate in the election of 1910 for Plymouth, with Waldorf Astor, but failed. In addition to his work as a civil servant and diplomat, Durand wrote a number of novels and other works, including a biography of his father. Durand married Ella, daughter of Teignmouth Sandys, in 1875. They had two children, a son and daughter, Amy Josephine (Jo). Josephine accompanied her father on many official duties owing to her mother's ill health. Lady Durand died in May 1913, aged 60. Sir Henry Mortimer Durand died in 1924.
The manor of Durants (or Durance) and the manor of Garton, Enfield were originally separate holdings which were joined together. They belonged to the Wroth family and their descendants, and included twenty houses, twenty tofts, two mills, ten gardens, three hundred acres of arable, two hundred acres of meadow, forty acres of pasture, and ten acres of wood.
Sources: "A History of the County of Middlesex": Volume 7 (1982) and "The Environs of London": volume 2: County of Middlesex (1795); both available online.
Lords of the Manor:
1689 William Stringer
1706-1734 Richard Darby
1840 Woodham Connop
Born 1906; educated Plympton and Exmouth Elementary Schools, Heles School, Exeter, Taunton School, and New College, Oxford University; Lecturer at New College, Oxford University; Junior and Senior Webb Medley Scholarships, Oxford University; Ricardo Fellowship, University College London, 1929-1930; Lecturer and Senior Lecturer in Economics, London School of Economics, 1930-1945; Parliamentary candidate (Labour) for East Grinstead, 1931, and Gillingham, Kent, 1935; temporarily on Economic Section of War Cabinet Secretariat, 1940-1942; temporary Personal Assistant to Clement Richard Attlee, Deputy Prime Minister, 1942-1945; Labour MP for Edmonton, 1945-1948; Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Works, 1947-1948; died 1948.
Publications: How to pay for the war (G Routledge and Sons, London, 1939); Personal aggressiveness and war (Kegan Paul and Co, London, 1939); Problems of economic planning (Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1949); Purchasing power and trade depression: a critique of under-consumption theories (Jonathan Cape, London and Toronto, 1933); Socialist credit policy (Victor Gollancz, London, 1934); The politics of democratic Socialism (G Routledge and Sons, London, 1940); The problem of credit policy (Chapman and Hall, London, 1935); The response of the economists to the ethical idea of equality; What have we to defend? A brief critical examination of the British social tradition (G Routledge and Sons, London, 1942); editor War and democracy: essays on the causes and prevention of war (Kegan Paul and Co, London, 1938).
Emma Durham was born c.1848. She trained as a nurse at King's College Hospital (KCH), 1872-1875, residing at St John's House, Norfolk St, Strand.
Durham joined the Universities Mission to Central Africa, travelling to Zanzibar to inaugurate the first hospital there. She also nursed in Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, Switzerland, Russia and America. She was a foundation member of the KCH Nurses League, 1924. Durham died at KCH, 31 Oct 1936, aged 89.
Emma had two elder sisters, one of which was Eliza Durham, who also trained as nurses. Publications: Recollections of a Nurse, Macmillan & Co.: London, 1889.
Herbert Edward Durham was born in 1866 and was the son of A E Durham, once senior surgeon to Guy's Hospital and grandson of William Ellis, the economist. Durham was educated at University College School and King's College, Cambridge, and obtained a first class in both parts of the Natural Science Tripos in 1890.
In 1894 Durham passed FRCS and then won a Gull studentship on which he went to Vienna to work in the Grubler's hygiene laboratory. While there, his attention was drawn to the diagnostic value of agglutination in the serum of animals protected by prophylactic inoculations. In 1896, this reaction was applied to typhoid, when at first it was known as the Grubler-Durham reaction, but the title was later changed to that of the Widal reaction. In that year he also became a member of the Royal Society's Committee on disease spread by tsetse flies. In 1897 he produced the universally used and famous Durham tubes to measure the amount of gas produced in culture by bacteria.
In 1900 he led an expedition to Brazil organised by the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine to study yellow fever and between 1901 and 1903 he undertook an expedition with Dr P T Manson to Christmas Island, in the Indian Ocean, but this was marred by the tragedy of his young colleague's death.
From Malaya he brought back the roots of Derris elliptica which were found to possess definite insecticidal properties and it seems that Durham was the first to draw attention to this phenomenon. In 1905 he forsook medicine to become supervisor of the laboratories of Messrs H P Bulmer & Co of Hereford who were engaged in brewing cider. Thereafter for thirty years he worked at the problems of fermentation, and was hardly ever seen in medical circles. In 1935 he retired to Cambridge, to his garden where he tended strange plants and herbs, many of when he had originally introduced into this country. Durham died in 1945.
Mary Edith Durham, artist, anthropologist and traveller, born in London on 8 December 1863; educated at Bedford College, 1878-1882; became an artist, and trained at the Royal Academy Schools. Following illness and at nearly forty years old she travelled to the Balkans and worked as a political missionary. She travelled to the Balkans annually, 1900-1914. When uprisings occurred, in 1903 and 1909, she provided medical aid and food. Following the end of the Second World War, Durham was offered a permanent home in Albania by the Albanian Government. She refused, choosing to remain independent and settled in London writing books and articles. She died in London on 15 November 1944.
Mary Edith Durham born in London on 8 December 1863; educated at Bedford College, 1878-1882; became an artist, and trained at the Royal Academy Schools. Following illness and at nearly forty years old she travelled to the Balkans and worked as a political missionary. She first visited the area in 1900 in search of health and was an anthropologist as well as a gifted artist. She travelled to the Balkans annually from 1900 to 1914. When uprisings occurred, in 1903 and 1909, she provided medical aid and food. Durham was offered a permanent home in Albania by the Albanian Government but refused, choosing to remain independent and settled in London writing books and articles. She died in London on 15 November 1944.
Mary Edith Durham born in London on 8 December 1863; educated at Bedford College, 1878-1882; became an artist, and trained at the Royal Academy Schools. Following illness and at nearly forty years old she travelled to the Balkans and worked as a political missionary. She first visited the area in 1900. She started travelling in search of health and was an anthropologist as well as a gifted artist. She travelled to the Balkans annually from 1900 to 1914. When uprisings occurred, in 1903 and 1909, she provided medical aid and food. Following the end of the Second World War, Durham was offered a permanent home in Albania by the Albanian Government. She refused, choosing to remain independent and settled in London writing books and articles. She died in London on 15 November 1944.
Mary Edith Durham born in London on 8 December 1863; educated at Bedford College, 1878-1882; became an artist, and trained at the Royal Academy Schools. Following illness and at nearly forty years old she travelled to the Balkans and worked as a political missionary. She first visited the area in 1900 in search of health and was an anthropologist as well as a gifted artist. She travelled to the Balkans annually from 1900 to 1914. When uprisings occurred, in 1903 and 1909, she provided medical aid and food. Durham was offered a permanent home in Albania by the Albanian Government. She refused, choosing to remain independent and settled in London writing books and articles. She died in London on 15 November 1944.
Ouseburn Trading Company was formed in 1918. It changed its name in 1929 to Newcastle upon Tyne Zinc Oxide Company Limited, in 1947 to Durham Chemicals Limited, and then in 1956 to Durham Chemical Group. It had a plant in Birtley, Northumberland. Durham Chemicals Limited and Harrisons and Crosfield Limited each owned half of the shares in Durham Raw Materials Limited (see CLC/B/112-047). Durham Chemicals Limited owned 60.6% of Typke and King Limited.
In 1967 Harrisons and Crosfield acquired 97% of the shares in Durham Chemical Group Limited and the company became a subsidiary. In 1988 Durham Chemical Group became part of Harcros Chemicals Group.
Durham Raw Materials Limited was founded in 1948 as a private limited company by Harrisons and Crosfield Limited (CLC/B/112) and Durham Chemicals Limited (CLC/B/112-046) to distribute chemicals produced by Durham Chemicals Limited in the UK. It had branches in Birtley, Manchester and Glasgow. It also acted as the sole selling agent for Nuodex Limited and a number of other companies. It was later part of Harcros Chemicals Group.
For lists of staff 1947-68 see CLC/B/112/MS37338. For historical notes concerning Harrisons and Crosfield's shareholdings in the Company see CLC/B/112/MS37392.
Born 1891; educated Merchant Venturers' School, Bristol; served in ranks, 4 Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment, 1908; commissioned into 123 Outram's Rifles, Indian Army Reserve of Officers, 1914; Egyptian Expeditionary Force, 1915-1916; Lieutenant, 1916; British Mandate of Iraq, 1920-22; Rajputana Rifles, Waziristan, India, 1923; Staff College, Camberley, 1924-1925; Brevet Major, 1930; Brevet Lieutenant Colonel, 1935; Brigadier General Staff, Northern Command, India, 1940; Deputy Quartermaster General, General Headquarters, India, 1942; Major General in charge of administration, Central Command, India, 1943; temporary Lieutenant General, 1945; Quartermaster General, India, 1945-1947; retired 1947 with honorary rank of Lieutenant General; died 1965.
A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.
Conveyances are transfers of land from one party to another, usually for money. Early forms of conveyance include feoffments, surrenders and admissions at manor courts (if the property was copyhold), final concords, common recoveries, bargains and sales and leases and releases.
From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".
No information was available at the time of compilation.
Dusun Durian Rubber Estate Limited was registered in 1912 to acquire the Dusun Durian estate in Selangor. In 1913 it acquired the Walbrook estate, and in 1928 the Bilham estate, both in Perak, Malaya. In 1947 it was purchased by Lumut Rubber Estates Limited (CLC/B/112-057); which was purchased by Golden Hope Rubber Estate Limited (CLC/B/112-054) in 1952.
Harrisons and Crosfield Limited (CLC/B/112) did not as a secretaries / agents of Dusun Durian Rubber Estate Limited, but prior to the purchase by Lumut Rubber Estates Limited in 1947, H.J. Welch (director of Harrisons and Crosfield 1917-23) was chairman of the company.