St Mary's Hospital Medical School was managed by the Medical School Committee, one of the standing Committees of the Hospital. The Commitee was ultimately responsible to the Board of Governors or Board of Management of the Hospital, although the Medical School was always allowed a great degree of autonomy. In 1948, the Medical School became independent of St Mary's Hospital, gaining its own Council. It also gained responsibility for the Wright-Fleming Institute, although this remained autonomous with its own Council and administration until 1967, when it became part of the Medical School. In 1988, St Mary's Hospital Medical School became the fourth constituent college of Imperial College, which was renamed Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine. The School was managed by a Delegacy responsible to the Governing Body of Imperial College. In 1997 the Imperial College School of Medicine was formed from the existing institutions on the St Mary's and Royal Brompton campuses, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School and the Royal Postgraduate Medical School.
Student records were created and maintained by the Medical School Secretary, then later the Registry of St Mary's Hospital Medical School.
The Medical School employed an accountant from the early 1900s, and the post developed into the Finance Department.
The National Heart and the Institute can trace its history back to the emergence of three major London hospitals; the Royal Brompton (1841), The London Chest (1848) and the National Heart (1857). The research arms which developed from these hospitals formally merged in 1973 and became the National Heart and Lung Institute in 1988.
The Brompton Hospital was established as the Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest in 1841 by Philip Rose, a London Solicitor, and emphasized training and research in the field. From 1843 students visited the wards, and by 1851 lectures were held by the first visiting physician, Theophilus Thompson. In the 1870s regular teaching was undertaken through lectures and demonstrations. This was expanded in 1894, and the hospital recognised by the Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons.
The Brompton Hospital Medical School was founded in 1843, and became known as the Institute for Diseases of the Chest in 1947. In 1972 the Institute for the Diseases of the Chest and the Institute of Cardiology merged to form the Cardiothoracic Institute, and became known as the National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI) in 1988. Situated next to the Royal Brompton Hospital, the Institute became part of Imperial College in 1995, and part of Imperial College School of Medicine in 1997. The main objective of the Institute is to carry out research, development and education in heart and lung medicine.
The Brompton Hospital Sanatorium was established in 1904 at Frimley in Surrey to treat tuberculosis patients. Dr Marcus Sinclair Paterson (1870-1932) was its first medical superintendant, developing a system of treatment called 'graduated labour', which involved the patients in various levels of physical activity. The treatment caused much interest at the time, and Paterson was contacted by many doctors and health authorities. The sanatorium closed in 1985.
James Edward Pollock (1819-1910) was physician to the Brompton Hospital, 1861-1882, and consulting physician, 1882-1910.
Frederick Rufenacht Walters (1857-1946) was a specialist in tuberculosis, and opened a sanatorium near Farnham in Surrey.
Phoenix is the annual Students' Union arts magazine of Imperial College. It started life as the Science Schools Journal in 1887, founded by H G Wells as a literary magazine, although it also contained details of college activities until Felix was established. It was renamed the Royal College of Science Magazine in 1891 and Phoenix in 1904. The City and Guilds Union joined with the Unions of the Royal College of Science and Royal School of Mines in support of Phoenix from 1915, when it became the 'Magazine of the Imperial College of Science and Technology'. Felix is Imperial College's student newspaper, which started in 1949.Weekly newssheets detailing events have also been published by the College and known successively as Coming Events, (1966-1969), IC News, (1969-1974), IC Diary (1974-1982) and IC Gazette (from 1982). IC Gazette was established to publish information previously covered by both IC Diary and Topic magazine, a twice monthly College newsletter established in 1974.
ICON, the Imperial College Review magazine was published between 1973 and 1982, and CRITICON, a continuation of the reviews section of ICON, between 1982-1987. Network, a monthly newspaper, was published between 1987 and 1994. IC Reporter, the College staff newpaper published twice monthly was established in 1995.
Imperial College became a constituent School of the University of London in 1908, and was redesignated a College of the University in 1994.
The Royal British Nurses Association (RBNA)was founded (as the British Nurses' Association) in December 1887, by Dr Bedford Fenwick, and his wife, Ethel Gordon Fenwick, former Matron of St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, with HRH Princess Christian, daughter of Queen Victoria, as its first President. There was considerable opposition to the Association, particularly from Florence Nightingale, who felt that it would destroy the `vocational spirit' of nursing. The Association was renamed the RBNA in 1891 and received its Royal Charter in 1893. Dr and Mrs Fenwick took over the Nursing Record (started in 1888), in 1893 and renamed it the British Journal of Nursing in 1902. Mrs Fenwick and Isla Stewart (Matron of St Bartholomew's Hospital) founded the Matrons' Council of Great Britain and Ireland in 1894. The Society for the State Registration of Nurses was formed in 1902, with Ethel Fenwick as Secretary and Treasurer. The National Council of Trained Nurses of Great Britain and Ireland was established 1904, with Ethel Fenwick as President. Between 1906 and 1909 the RBNA drafted three Parliamentary bills on nurse registration. The Central Committee for the State Registration of Nurses was formed 1909 with Ethel Fenwick as joint honorary secretary. From 1910-1914 the Central Committee introduced annual Parliamentary bills on nurse registration. The College of Nursing (later Royal College of Nursing) was established 1916, and in 1917 there were inconclusive discussions on the possibility of a merger between the RBNA and the College. The Nurses' Registration Acts were passed in 1919. The General Nursing Council, chaired by Mrs Fenwick was established 1920. The British College of Nurses (BCN) was founded by Mrs Fenwick, 1926, with herself as President, and Dr Fenwick as Treasurer. In 1927 the College of Nursing applied for its Royal Charter, the application, opposed by the RBNA, was granted in 1928 and it was renamed the Royal College of Nursing in 1939. Bedford Fenwick died 1939 and Ethel Fenwick, 1947. The British College of Nurses closed in 1956.
The British Committee for the Restitution of the Parthenon (Elgin) Marbles, (BCRPM) was founded following the UNESCO International Conference of Ministers of Culture in Mexico, Aug 1982, when Melina Mercouri appealed for the return of the Parthenon Marbles to Athens. The idea to set up a British Committee for the Restitution of the Parthenon Marbles came from architect James Cubitt. The Committee was set up in 1983 under the chairmanship of Robert Browning, Emeritus Professor of Greek at the University of London. Eleni Cubitt, film producer and wife of James Cubitt (who died shortly after the Committee was established) became, and continues to be, the Secretary. The aims of the Committee are as follows:
'To secure the restitution of the Parthenon Marbles to Greece in accordance with the resolution of the UNESCO Conference of Ministers of Culture held in Mexico on 4 August 1982. To this end - we intend to present the case as fully as possible to the British public and to bring the most effective pressure on the Trustees of the British Museum and the British Government.'
Theodore Dyke Acland was born on 14 November 1851, the son of Sir Henry Acland, 1st Bart. of Oxford. He was educated at Winchester; Christ Church, Oxford (MA, MD); Leipzig University; Berlin University and St Thomas's Hospital. In 1883, he was sent by Foreign Office to deal with a cholera outbreak in Egypt. He was then selected for service with the Egyptian Army, of which he became Principal Medical Officer, and was awarded the Order of the Medjidie for his services.
He was Consulting Physician and Governor of St Thomas's Hospital, and of Brompton Hospital for Diseases of Chest and to the Commercial Union Assurance Company, as well as numerous other boards, councils and advisory positions.
In 1888 he married Caroline Cameron (died 1929), daughter of Sir William W. Gull.
Publications Many contributions to the study of current medical questions and school hygiene, including tuberculosis, and the future of the tuberculous soldier. Publications Memoir on the Cholera at Oxford in the year 1854, with considerations suggested by the epidemic, John Churchill and J. H. & J. Parker: London, 1856.
Born, 1891; educated, Bonn, Marburg, Lille; trained at St Thomas's Hospital; University of London; BS 1917 (London); MD 1930; Director, London Hospital (Whitechapel) Clinic for Venereal Diseases, 1930-1936; Lecturer on Venereal Diseases to London Hospital Medical College; Consultant and Venereologist to London County Council, 1930-1936; Director and Physician in Charge of the Department of Venereal Diseases, St Thomas's Hospital, 1936-1956; Fellow, Royal College of Physicians, 1937; Fellow Royal Society of Medicine; London University Lecturer at St Thomas's Hospital Medical School; Honourable Secretary, Royal Medical Benevolent Fund, 1956-1970; Consulting Physician to St Thomas's Hospital; died, 1971.
Publications include: Primary Syphilis in the Female (Oxford University Press, London, 1931); The Treatment of Veneral Disease in General Practice (John Bale, Sons & Danielsson, London, 1935); books, papers and articles on research into therapeutic and administrative problems of venereology; yearly contributions to The Medical Annual, 1937-1959.
The South-Western Polytechnic was opened at Manresa Road, Chelsea, in 1895, to provide scientific and technical education to Londoners. Day and evening classes for men and women comprised study in domestic economy, mathematics, engineering, natural science, art and music. It changed its name to Chelsea Polytechnic in 1922 and taught a growing number of registered students of the University of London, and this relationship was later formally recognised when the Polytechnic, now reconstituted as Chelsea College of Science and Technology, was admitted as a School of the University in 1966. Government of the College was devolved to the so-called Governing Body, supplemented from its inception in 1961 by an Academic Board reflecting the interests of staff and students. These were renamed the Council and Senate when the College was granted its Royal Charter in 1971. Chelsea College merged with King's and Queen Elizabeth College in 1985 whereupon the functions of the Council and Senate were transferred to the King's Council and Academic Board.
The Gull Studentship in Pathology and allied subjects was established in 1891 by W Cameron Gull. The Studentship was awarded for three years to candidates who had studied at the Medical School of Guy's Hospital. The Gordon Lectureship in Pathology was established in 1901 by the endowment of Robert Gordon. The Beaney Scholarship in Materia Medica was established in 1893, by Dr Beaney of Melbourne. The Scholarship was awarded for three years, to candidates who had studied at Guy's Medical School. The Sir Alfred Fripp Memorial Fellowship in Child Psychology at Guy's Hospital, was established in 1932. The Fellowship was awarded to a medical graduate, usually with experience in Paediatrics as well as in Psychological Medicine, for two years.
Guy's Hospital College Catering Company Limited was incoporated in 1926 and provided meals to staff and students at Guy's Hospital College. The company was wound up in 1981.
Guy's Hospital was founded in 1721 by Thomas Guy, a bookseller and publisher in London who made a large fortune from his business. As required by his will, an Act of Parliament was passed in 1725 establishing the Corporation of Governors for Guy's Hospital. The Governors administered the estates acquired by the hospital and managed the hospital through a committee (the Court of Committees) of twenty-one men named by Guy, including four doctors. Meetings of the General Court were short and occupied by formal business. The management of the two hospitals was at first closely associated, with Guy's seen as an annexe to Thomas's. All the arrangements and procedures at St Thomas's were adopted by Guy's, and there were some joint Governors and they had the same Treasurer until 1839.
Before 1925 there was no formal constitution in existence for the Medical School. The two principal committees of the Medical School were the School Meeting, which dealt with School policy, and the Staff Meeting, which recommended staff appointments to the General Court or the Court of Committee. Important matters of policy and finance and all recommendations for appointments to the visiting staff of the hospital were discussed at Staff Meetings, which were called as the need arose. Originally attended by clinical staff, all senior members of staff were later called to attend. The annual School Meeting, presided over by the Treasurer, was attended by all the teachers in the School. At these meetings the Treasurer made a brief statement of the financial position and announced the value of the 'share' for the preceding year. The 'share' was the method of renumeration of the clinical staff until 1925, when it was replaced by a nominal salary. The Dental Council dealt with student entry and the general business of the Dental School, and the Medical Council dealt with student entry relating to the Medical School. Financial matters were overseen and regulated by the Finance Committee. The Medical Examining Council was established in 1846 to select which students should become dressers, clinical clerks, assistants and resident obstetric clerks. It became known as the Medical Council from 1866.
Under a new Scheme of Management, which became operative in October 1925, the constitution of the Medical School was reorganised and placed on a formal footing. A Board of Governors was created and made responsible directly to the Court. A School Council was established (taking the responsibilities of the School Meeting) to take responsibility for the administration of the school and policy, including appointing officers and teachers, subject to the powers of the Governors. All university professors and readers, heads of non-clinical departments were members, and representatives of the Medical Committee were elected to the Council. The School Council later became known as the Academic Board. The School buildings continued to legally owned by the Hospital Governors
In 1941 the school set up a Post-war Planning Committee, which later amalgamated with a similar committee set up by the Governors of the Hospital. The School Governors became known as the Council of Governors from 1947, and on the foundation of the National Health Service in 1948 the Medical School became a separate legal entity from the Hospital.
The Medical Schools of Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals reunited as the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals (UMDS) in 1982. The new institution was then enlarged by the amalgamation of the Royal Dental Hospital of London School of Dental Surgery with Guy's Dental School on 1 August 1983 and the addition on the Institute of Dermatology on 1 August 1985. In 1990 King's College London began discussions with the United Schools and, following formal agreement to merge in 1992 and the King's College London Act 1997, the formal merger with UMDS took place on 1 August 1998. The merger created three new schools: the Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Schools of Medicine, of Dentistry and of Biomedical Sciences, and reconfigured part of the former School of Life, Basic Medical & Health Sciences as the new School of Health & Life Sciences.
The Evelina Children's Hospital was founded by Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild in 1869, in memory of his wife Evelina. The hospital became closely associated with Guy's Hospital, and was closed in 1975.
Educated at Selwyn College Cambridge and Guy's Hospital (entered 1891). Awarded MD Camb, MA MB BCh 1894, BA Natural Science Tripos 1890, MRCS, LRCP London 1894, DPH Durham 1900.
Educated at Rugby, and Exeter College Oxford, MA 1944. Head of Anthony Gibbs and Sons, London; Director of Bank of England 1853-1901; Governor 1875-1877; MP (Conservative) City of London, 1891-1892; trustee of National Portrait Gallery; Member of Council, Keble College Oxford.
Married Louisa Adams, 1845. Created 1st Baron Aldenham, 1896. Died in 1907.
Unknown
Victoria Elizabeth Jones was born in 1837. She trained in nursing at Charing Cross Hospital and St John's House. In 1879, she was appointed Sister of Philip ward, Guy's Hospital. She was appointed Matron in 1882, resigning in 1893.
Born, Jamaica, 1809; pupil at Guy's Hospital, 1824; apprenticed to Richard Stocker, the Hospital's Apothecary; dresser to Bransby Cooper, Guy's Hospital; Ship's Surgeon to the HECTOR, 1831; returned to Jamaica, 1831; practiced medicine; Assistant Surgeon to the St Elizabeth Regiment of Foot, 1834; Health Officer for the Port of Black River, Cornwall County, 1841; elected Fellow, College of Physicians and Surgeons in Jamaica, 1842; died, 1856.
Born, 1822; medical student at Guy's Hospital; M R C S, 1845; M D, St Andrew's University, 1845; Assistant Surgeon, Bengal Medical Service, 1846; died, 1871.
Publications: Views of Nepal, 1851-1864. Henry Ambrose Oldfield, Margaret Alicia Oldfield. [edited by] Cecilia and Hallvard Kuløy (1975); Sketches from Nipal, historical and descriptive ... To which is added an essay on Nipalese Buddhism, and illustrations of religious monuments, architecture and scenery, etc [Edited by E O] 2 volumes (W H Allen & Co, London, 1880).
Born, Downham, Norfolk, 1814; educated, private school; apprenticed to William Pretty, an apothecary, London, 1829-1833; student at Guy's Hospital, 1832, and assisted Sir Astley Cooper with his work on diseases of the breast; licensed to practise by Apothecaries' Hall, 1836; MD, St Andrews University, 1838, MA, 1840; lecturer on natural philosophy at Guy's Hospital, 1836-1853; lecturer on medical botany and on urinary pathology; physician to the Finsbury Dispensary, [1836]; licentiate of the College of Physicians of London, 1840; Fellow of the College of Physicians, 1845; assistant physician, Guy's Hospital, and joint lecturer on materia medica, Guy's Hospital Medical School, 1843-1853; lecturer on materia medica at the College of Physicians, 1847; member, Linnean and Geological Societies; Fellow of the Royal Society; became ill, 1851; retired to Tunbridge Wells, 1854; died, 1854.
Publications include: Elements of Natural Philosophy; being an experimental introduction to the study of the physical sciences (John Churchill, London, 1839); Lectures on Electricity and Galvanism, in their physiological and therapeutical relations, delivered at the Royal College of Physicians, in March, 1847 (Wilson & Ogilvy, London, 1847); Lectures on the Influence of Researches in Organic Chemistry on Therapeutics, especially in relation to the depuration of the blood, delivered at the Royal College of Physicians (Wilson & Ogilvy, London, 1848); Urinary Deposits, their diagnosis, pathology and therapeutical indications (John Churchill, London, 1844); Case of Internal Strangulation of Intestine relieved by operation (From Transactions of the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society), with John Hilton (Richard Kinder, London, [1847]).
Unknown
Edward Austin Penny was a student at Guy's Hospital Medical School. Awarded MRCS LRCP, London 1910, MB BS London 1911, DTM&H London, 1926, Lt-Col Indian Medical Service (retired).
Louis Albert (John) Dunn (1858-1918) was Surgeon, Guy's Hospital, 1894-1918; Consulting Surgeon to the East London Children's Hospital; Consulting Surgeon Children's Hospital Plaistow; Member of Court of Examiners, Royal College of Surgeons; Examiner in Surgery at Cambridge University
Born in London, 1903, the son of Herbert Brock, a master photographer, and his wife, Elvina (nee Carman); educated at Haselridge Road School, Clapham, Christ's Hospital, Horsham. Entered Guy's Hospital Medical School in 1921 with an arts scholarship. Qualified LRCP (Lond.) and MRCS (Eng.) 1926, and graduated MB, BS (Lond.) with honours and distinction in medicine, surgery, and anatomy in 1927. Appointed demonstrator in anatomy and in pathology at Guy's and passed the final FRCS (Eng.) in 1929.
Elected to a Rockefeller travelling fellowship and worked in the surgical department of Evarts Graham at St. Louis, Missouri, 1929-30. Returned to Guy's as surgical registrar and tutor in 1932 and was appointed research fellow of the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland. He won the Jacksonian prize of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 1935 and was elected a Hunterian professor in 1938. Appointments included consultant thoracic surgeon to the London County Council, 1935-46; surgeon to the Ministry of Pensions at Roehampton Hospital, 1936-45; surgeon to Guy's and the Brompton hospitals 1936-1968. During World War Two he was also thoracic surgeon and regional adviser in thoracic surgery to the Emergency Medical Service in the Guy's region.
At the time when cardiac surgery, and especially operations on the open heart, were developing apace, he played a major part in pioneering the surgical relief of mitral stenosis and of other valvular lesions of the heart. His introduction of the technique of direct correction of pulmonary artery stenosis was certainly inspired by exchange professorships between himself and Dr Alfred Blalock of Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore.
Served on the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1949-1967, and as vice-president 1956-8 and president 1963-6, and director of department of surgical sciences established during his presidency. Delivered the Bradshaw lecture in 1957 and the Hunterian oration in 1961. Knighted, 1954 and elevated to a life peerage, 1965.
Awards and honours included President of the Thoracic Society of Great Britain and Ireland in 1952; the Society of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Medical Society of London in 1958. Elected fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of London in 1965, and honorary fellow of the American College of Surgeons, 1949; the Brazilian College, 1952; the Australasian College, 1958; the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 1965; the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada; and the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, 1966. Recipient of the international Gairdner award, 1960-1, and appointed Lister medallist and orator, 1967. Also received honorary degrees from the universities of Hamburg (1962), Leeds (1965), Cambridge (1968), Guelph and Munich (1972).
Assistant editor of the Guy's Hospital Reports and later editor 1939-1960. He also contributed important papers on cardiac and thoracic surgery to medical and surgical journals and textbooks.
Outside his professional work he had considerable knowledge of old furniture and prints, and of the history of London Bridge and its environs, and was an eager student of medical history. Less well known was his dedication to the complementary interests of private medicine and the NHS, for he served on the governing body of Private Patients Plan and was chairman (1967-77) before becoming its president. He was responsible for the discovery and restoration of an eighteenth-century operating theatre which was formerly in the old St. Thomas's Hospital.
In 1927 married Germaine Louise Ladavèze (died 1978), they had three daughters, In 1979, married Chrissie Palmer Jones. Brock died in Guy's Hospital 3 September 1980.
Publications: The Anatomy of the Bronchial Tree, with special reference to the surgery of lung abscess (Oxford University Press: London, 1946, Second edition 1954); The Life and Work of Astley Cooper (E. & S. Livingstone: Edinburgh & London, 1952); Lung Abscess (Blackwell Scientific Publications: Oxford, 1952); The Anatomy of Congenital Pulmonary Stenosis (Cassell & Co.: London, 1957); and John Keats and Joseph Severn. the tragedy of the last illness, 1973.
Carl Henry Randall was born on 4 Dec 1880. He studied at Guy's Hospital Medical School, qualifying in 1903. MC FRCS (Edin). Joined the Indian Medical Service, 1905, reaching the rank of Colonel in 1929.
Born 4 October 1922, educated at Boys' High School, Kimberley, South Africa; University of Capetown (BSc, MB, ChB, 1946); FRCS 1949; FACC 1973; FACS 1976.
Ross was appointed Senior Registrar in Thoracic Surgery, Bristol, 1952; Guy's Hospital: Resident Fellow, 1953; Senior Thoracic Registrar, 1954; Consultant Thoracic Surgeon, 1958; Consultant Surgeon, National Heart Hospital, 1963, Senior Surgeon, 1967; Director, Department of Surgery, Institute of Cardiology, 1970. Awarded Honorary FRCSI 1984; Honorary FRCS Thailand, 1987. Honorary DSc CNAA, 1982. Clement Price Thomas Award, Royal College of Surgeons, 1983. Order of Cedar of Lebanon, 1975; Order of Merit (1st class) (West Germany), 1981; Royal Order (Thailand), 1994.
Publications: A Surgeon's Guide to Cardiac Diagnosis, 1962; (jointly) Medical and Surgical Cardiology, 1968; (jointly) Biological Tissue in Heart Valve Replacement, 1972; contributed to the British Medical Journal, Lancet and other journals.
W A L Smith was born in London, son of William Otter Lauder Smith, of Wellclose, Barstaple. He was educated at Leys School, Cambridge, Trinity College Cambridge. Obtained BA, Cambridge, 1890, MA, 1894. Served as Resident Obstetrician at Guy's Hospital, London. Practiced at Wells, Somerset. Married Grace Parker. Died 1916.
Joseph Toulmin, born 8 January, 1772. He entered Guy's Hospital London as dresser under Mr Cline, May 1791, Married first Catherine Van Effen, in 1797. Catherine died 11 Mar 1803. Married secondly in 1804, Maria Sampson (1784-1853). Joseph practised surgery in Hackney. He died, 15 Nov 1847.
Frederick Justus Toulmin was the son of Joseph Toulmin and his first wife Catherin Van Effen, born 22 Dec 1798. Frederick was apprenticed to his father, and later educated at Guy's Hospital, London, obtaining MRCS 1825; LSA 1829; FRCS 1846. He practised at Upper Clapton and Thurloe Square. He married firstly Mary Anne Flower, 1827, who died in 1844. Married secondly Charlotte Elizabeth (Eliza) Lennox (1810-1869), in 1857. Frederick died on the 4 Feb 1883.
Francis Toulmin was born 14 Feb 1803, the son of Joseph Toulmin and his first wife Catherin Van Effen. He was also educated at Guy's Hospital London, obtaining MRCS 1827, FRCS 1847, LSA 1829. He practised in Hackney, and was surgeon to the Invalid Asylum, Stoke Newington. He married c 1834 Ann Elizabeth Stockdale (b 1807). Francis died 13 Mar 1884.
Sir William Hale-White was born in Marylebone, London on 7 Nov 1857, the eldest son of William Hale White (Mark Rutherford) and his wife Harriet Arthur. He was educated at the City of London School, and Framlingham College, entering Guy's Hospital, London, in 1874. Graduated MB (London) 1879, and MRCS 1880. He was appointed House Physician and Resident Medical Officer at the Evelina Hospital for Children, Demonstrator of Anatomy at Guy's Hospital, 1881; Assistant Physician, 1885; Lecturer on Medicine, 1899; Croonian Lecturer to the Royal College of Physicians, 1897; He retired as Physician from Guy's Hospital in 1917, and became consulting physician.
During World War 1, White was a member of the Final Medical Appeal Board, and chairman of Queen Mary's Royal Naval Hospital, Southend.
Other posts held included President of the Royal Society of Medicine; late Vice-Chairman Queen's Institute of District Nursing; late Councillor, British Red Cross Society; Fellow, Bedford College; Treasurer, Epsom College, and Harveian Orator, 1927.
White was also joint editor of the Guy's Hospital Reports from 1886-1893, and in 1925 founded the Postgraduate Medical Journal of the Fellowship of Medicine, and the Association of Physicians of Great Britain and Ireland for the interchange of opinion upon the scientific aspects of medicine.
Awards: KBE, 1919; MD London and Dublin; FRCP; Hon. LLD, Edinburgh, 1927; Hon. FRCP, Edinburgh, 1931. In 1886 he married Edith Jane Spencer (Jeanie) Fripp, (died 1945). White died on 26 Feb 1949.
Publications: Text-Book of General Therapeutics, 1889; Materia Medica, 1892; Text-Book of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 1901; Common Affections of the Liver, 1908; Bacon, Gilbert and Harvey, 1927; Laennec, 1923; Great Doctors of the Nineteenth Century, 1935; Keats as Doctor and Patient, 1938.
Reginald Hale White was born in 1895, the third son of William Hale White and his wife Edith Jane Spencer Fripp. He qualified at Guy's Hospital, and took up General Practice.
Born, London, 1828; educated King's College London; trained at Guy's Hospital; Surgeon, Guy's Hospital, 1871-1888; Fellow, Royal College of Surgeons; President, Medical Society of London, 1872; President, Hunterian Society, 1873; President, Clinical Society, 1885; President, Royal College of Surgeons, 1890-1893; President, Royal Society of Medicine, 1898-1899; Surgeon Extraordinary to Queen Victoria; Surgeon in Ordinary to King Edward VII, 1901-1910; Treasurer and representative of the Royal College of Surgeons, England, on General Medical Council; died, 1914.
Publications include: On the Diseases and Injuries of the Joints (John Churchill, London, 1859); Clinical Surgery (John Churchill, London, 1860-1867); The Surgical Diseases of Children (Churchill & Sons, London, 1863); The introductory address, delivered at Guy's Hospital, on the opening of the session, October 2nd, 1865 (1865); The Practice of Surgery (J & A Churchill, London, 1872); Harveian Lectures on the mode of death from acute intestinal strangulation and chronic intestinal obstruction Reprinted from the British Medical Journal (J & A Churchill, London, 1885); The Diseases of the Breast (Cassell & Co, London, 1887); Hunterian Lectures, on tension, as met with in surgical practice, inflammation of bone, and on cranial and intercranial injuries (J & A Churchill, London, 1888); The Bradshaw Lecture on Colotomy, Lumbar and Iliac (J & A Churchill, London, 1890); The Hunterian Oration (Adlard & Son, London, 1893); On Villous Growths and the common affections of the rectum (Medical Publishing Co, London, 1899).
Caleb Woodyer entered Guy's Hospital, London, September 1787.
Born 10 Sept, 1856, the son of the Rev E C Perry, Vicar of Seighford, Staffordshire. Educated at home; Mr Gascoigne's School at Spondon, Derbyshire; King's Scholar at Eton College, 1870; King's College Cambridge. Obtained BA in Classics, Cambridge, 1880, MA 1883. In 1880, having been elected a Fellow of King's he became a medical student, and in 1883 he was appointed assistant lecturer in medical sciences at King's and assistand demonstrator of anatomy in the Cambridge medical school. He entered the London Hospital, 1885, qualified MRCS Eng 1885; FRCP Lond, 1894, MRCP 1889. He subsequently held the posts of house surgeon to Sir Frederick Treves and house physician to Sir Stephen Mackenzie.
In 1887 Perry was appointed an assistant physician at Guy's Hospital London, and Dean of the Medical School, 1888. He was also partly responsible for the establishment of the Dental School at Guy's, which opened in 1889. In 1892, he was appointed Superintendent of the Hospital, an office he held until 1920, and a Governor from 1920-1937.
He served on the Senate of the University of London, 1900-1905, 1915-1919, and was Vice Chancellor, 1917-1919, and Principal 1920-1926.
Perry was also concerned in the reorganisation of the nursing staff, and the formation of the (Royal) College of Nursing, of which he was Honorary Secretary until 1935. Also the provision of accommodation for nurses at the hospital, which resulted in the Henriette Raphael Nurses' Home, opened in 1902. Another interest was the standard of education in massage, and gave assistance in the foundation of the Society of Masseuses, 1894, incorporated in 1900. He was chairman of the Council of the Chartered Society of Massage and Medical Gymnastics, 1920-1929, and a School of Massage began at Guy's Hospital 1914. He died on 17 Dec 1938.
Born in Glasgow, 17 July 1878, son of Sir Hector Clare Cameron; Educated at Clifton College; University of Glasgow; St John's College, Cambridge (Foundation Scholar in Science); Guy's Hospital (University Scholar); Berlin. MA, Hon. LLD (Glasgow), MA, MD (Cambridge). FRCP (Lond.).
Worked as Demonstrator of Physiology at Guy's Hospital Medical School, and Dean of the Medical and Dental School, 1912-1914, Guy's Hospital, London; Consulting Physician to Department for Diseases of Children, Guy's Hospital; Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine. Former Lumleian Lecturer RCP (Lond.), 1925; Past President British Paediatric Association and the Sections for Diseases of Children. Royal Society of Medicine and BMA. Died 1 April 1958.
Publications: The Nervous Child, (5th Edn, 1948); Joseph Lister, The Friend of Man, 1949; Sir Joseph Banks, KB, PRS, 1953; The History of Mr Guy's Hospital 1726-1948, 1954; books and papers upon medical subjects.
Born 1728; worked as cabinet maker for brother-in-law in Glasgow; assisted brother William at his London dissecting room, 1748; attended Chelsea Hospital, 1749-1750; studied at St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1751; appointed a master of anatomy at the Surgeons' Corporation, 1753; surgeon's pupil at St George's Hospital, London, from 1754; matriculated, St Mary Hall, Oxford, 1755; staff surgeon on expedition to Belleisle, 1761; served with British Army in Portugal, 1762; practised as surgeon in Golden Square, London, 1763; Surgeon, St George's Hospital, 1768; took in house pupils including Edward Jenner, 1768; began to lecture on the principles and practice of surgery, 1773; worked on the human placenta and a paper read before the Royal Society, London, 1780; built new museum to house his extensive collection of anatomical specimens, 1785; died, 1793;
Publications include: A treatise on the natural history of the human teeth (London, 1771, 1778); A treatise on the venereal disease (London, 1786); A treatise on the blood, inflammation, and gunshot wounds (published posthumously, London, 1794); Directions for preserving animals and parts of animals for anatomical investigation (London, 1809); The works of John Hunter James Palmer editor 4 volumes (London, 1835-1837); Essays and observations on natural history, anatomy, physiology, psychology and geology Sir R Owen editor 2 volumes (London, 1861).
Samuel Ashwell was Assistant to James Blundell, Lecturer in Midwifery at Guy's Hospital Medical School from 1825 to 1834 (and previously at the School of the United Hospitals). Ashwell was appointed Lecturer on Midwifery at Guy's Hospital in 1834 on Blundell's resignation, and was probably responsible for arrangements of the new Lying-in Charity to attend child birhs in the vicinity. He was also responsible for the hospital wards for diseases for women, established in 1831. He resigned the lectureship in 1849.
Publications include: A Practical Treatise on Parturition ... To which are appended, two papers ... on abdominal surgery, the other on transfusion; presented by Dr. Blundell (Thomas Tegg, London, 1828); A Practical Treatise on the Diseases peculiar to Women, etc (Samuel Highley, London, 1844).
Samuel Merriman, was born on 25 Oct 1771 at Marlborough, Wiltshire, the son of Benjamin Merriman (1722-1781) and his second wife Mary (nee Hawkes). He was educated at the Marlborough free school. In 1784 he arrived in London to study medicine under his uncle, Dr Samuel Merriman (1731-1818). He also attended the lectures at the Anatomical Theatre in Great Windmill Street, and the Westminster Lying-in Hospital, as well as aquiring clinical knowledge of disease by seeing the numerous patients of his cousin William (1766-1800), son of the elder Samuel Merriman (1731-1818). In 1807, having become a member of the Society of Apothecaries, he entered into partnership with Mr Peregrine, to whom he soon resigned the general practice, limiting himself to midwifery alone. In 1808 he was appointed physician-accoucheur to the Westminster General Dispensary, having previously received the honorary degree of MD from Marischal College, Aberdeen. He resigned the office in 1815, and was appointed consulting physician-accoucheur and subsequently vice-president of the charity. In 1809 he was elected to the same office at the Middlesex Hospital, where in 1810 he commenced his annual course of lectures on midwifery, and continued them regularly till 1825. In 1822, when his consultation practice as a physician for the diseases of women and children had largely increased, he removed to Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, and he subsequently purchased an estate at Rodborne Cheney, Wiltshire. Merriman resigned his post at the Middlesex Hospital on 7 March 1826, but continued to take a warm interest in the institution, and was one of the treasurers from 1840 until 1845. He was elected treasurer of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society in 1837. Merriman died in Brook Street on 22 Nov 1852. He married in 1799 his cousin Ann (1778-1831), daughter of his uncle, Samuel Merriman(1731-1818).
Publications: `Observations on some late Attempts to Depreciate the Value and Efficacy of Vaccine Inoculation.' 1805; Dissertation on the Retroversion of the Womb, London, 1810; Synopsis of the Various Kinds of Difficult Parturition, London, 1814; The validity of 'Thoughts on Medical Reform', 1833; an edition of Dr M Underwood's Treatise on the Diseases of Children, London, 1827; essays and other papers of his were published in the London Medical Repository, London Medical and Physical Journal, and Medico-Chirurgical Transactions; and articles contributed to Gentleman's Magazine, and Notes and Queries, London Journal of Medicine.
Hugh Ley was born in 1790 at Abingdon, Berkshire, the son of Hugh Ley (1762-1826) a former medical practitioner. He was educated at Dr. Lempriere's school, Abingdon; the united medical schools of St. Thomas's and Guy's Hospitals in Southwark, and took the diploma of the College of Surgeons. He then studied at Edinburgh, where he graduated MD in 1813. On 30 Sep 1818 he was admitted a licentiate of the College of Physicians of London, and began practice in London as a man midwife. He was elected physician to the Westminster Lying-in Hospital, and soon afterwards became lecturer on midwifery at the Middlesex Hospital. On 20 April 1835 he accepted the unanimous invitation of the staff of St Bartholomew's Hospital to deliver the lectures on midwifery in their school. He lived in Half-Moon Street, London, but died, from heart disease, at Stilton, Huntingdonshire, 24 Jan 1837.
Publications: Graduation thesis : The pathology of phthisis, Edinburgh, 1813; An Essay on Laryngismus Stridulus, or Crouplike Inspiration of Infants, 1836.
William Babington was born at Portglenone, near Coleraine, Antrim, Ireland. Apprenticed to a practitioner at Londonderry, and afterwards completed his medical education at Guy's Hospital, London, but without at that time taking a medical degree. In 1777 he was made assistant surgeon to Haslar (Naval) Hospital, and held this appointment four years. He then obtained the position of apothecary to Guy's Hospital, and also lectured on chemistry in the medical school. He resigned the post of apothecary, and, having obtained the necessary degree of MD from the University of Aberdeen in 1795, was elected physician to Guy's Hospital. In 1796 he became a licentiate of the College of Physicians, and remained so till 1827, when he received the unusual honour of being elected fellow by special grace. In 1831 he was made honorary MD by the University of Dublin. He ceased to be physician to Guy's in 1811. He died on 29 April 1833. His son, Benjamin Guy Babington was also also physician to Guy's Hospital, and one of his daughters married the eminent physician, Dr. Richard Bright.
Publications: Syllabus of the Course of Chemical Lectures at Guy's Hospital, 1789; A Systematic Arrangement of Minerals, founded on the joint consideration of their chemical, physical, and external characters, etc, London, 1795; A New System of Mineralogy, in the Form of Catalogue, after the manner of Baron Born's systematic catalogue of the collection of fossils of Mlle. Eleonore de Raab, London, 1799; A Catalogue, systematically arranged and described ... of the genuine and valuable collection of minerals, of a gentleman deceased ... comprising upwards of three thousand specimens ... now offered to the public for sale, etc. [Compiled by W. Babington and others.] Henry Fry: London, 1805; Outlines of a course of lectures on the practice of medicine,. as delivered in the medical school of Guy's Hospital, William Babington and James Curry, London,1802-1806; A syllabus of a course of chemical lectures read at Guy's Hospital William Babington, Alexander Marcet, and William Allen, ... 1816; Two Cases of Rabies Canina, in which opium was given, without success ... the one by William Babington ... the other by William Wavell ... Communicated by Dr. Babington; 'A Case of Exposure to the Vapour of Burning Charcoal' (Med.-Chirurgical Transactions, vol. i. 1806).
Guy's Hospital Reports was first published in 1836, and contained papers by staff and lecturers of the Hospital. Supervision of the publication of the Reports was undertaken by the Schools Meeting and later by the Advisory Committee of Guy's Hospital Reports. The Editorial Committee oversaw the printing, circulation, advertising and subscriptions. Publication of the Reports was discontinued in 1974 due to the increasing costs of production.
The Physical Society of Guy's Hospital was founded in 1771, and London's first medical society. It was not initially associated with Guy's Hospital, but met in the theatre of Dr Lowder in Southwark, a private teacher of midwifery as well as lecturer at St Thomas's and Guy's Hospitals. The first meeting was held at Guy's Hospital between 1780 and 1782. The society met weekly from October to May to hear and discuss a dissertation and exchange medical news and cases. At the early meetings the chairman was usually Dr Haighton, Lecturer in Physiology and Midwifery at St Thomas's and Guy's Hospitals. The society was open to physicians, surgeons, apothecaries and pupils, and members largely comprised the officers of the Guy's and Thomas's Hospitals and practitioners in the area. On the establishment of other medical societies in London its popularity declined, and the society closed in 1852.
Born in London, 1900; educated at Mary Datchelor School, Camberwell, and London School of Medicine for Women, 1921-1924; qualified as Doctor of Medicine and Member of the Royal College of Physicians, 1927; Clinical Assistant, the West End Hospital for Nervous Diseases, 1926-1930; First Assistant and Registrar, Children's Department, Royal Free Hospital, 1927-1929; Assistant and subsequently Physician, Prince Louise Hospital for Children, Kensington, 1929-1934; Fellow in Psychiatry, London Child Guidance Clinic, 1931; Temporary Assistant Medical Officer, Maudsley Hospital, 1932-1934; married Aubrey Lewis, 1934; Honorary Psychiatrist in charge of Children's' Psychiatric Department, St George's Hospital, 1938-1940; Physician, Ontario Hospital, Canada, 1940-1944; Psychiatric adviser to the National Council of Social Service Adoption Committee 1945-1947; Psychiatric adviser to Conference of Societies Registered for Adoption; Psychiatrist, Mersham Reception Centre, Kent, 1947-1952; Psychiatrist, Children's Society, 1948; published Deprived children: the Mersham experiment, a social and clinical study (Oxford University Press, 1954); Chairman of the Standing Conference of the Societies Registered for Adoption; Psychiatrist for the Children's Society Adoption Committee 1958; Company Director: Marie Stopes Memorial Foundation Ltd. 1960-, Society for Constructive Birth Control Ltd. 1960; elected Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, 1966; died, 1966.
The Low Income Diet and Nutrition Survey (LIDNS) was commissioned by the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and was carried out by three organisations; the Health Research Group at the National Centre for Social Research, the Nutritional Sciences Research Division at King's College London and the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at the Royal Free and University College London Medical School. The survey evaluated eating habits, nourishment and nutrition-related health of people on low income and had many aims.
These aims include providing information concerning food and nutrient intakes; to measure health-related factors associated with diet, such as height, weight and blood pressure; to measure levels of physical activity; to analyse smoking and oral health in relation to diet and to evaluate relationships between diet and the risk of developing diseases.
3,728 people from 2,477 low-income households were included in the survey, having been identified as being within the bottom 15% of the population in terms of material deprivation. Research data was collected via interviews and questionnaires, 24-hour recalls of diet, physical measurements and blood samples. Dr Michael Nelson, senior lecturer at King's College London was Principal Investigator in the national survey of diet in low income households; operations staff, principal programmers and data managers were also based at King's College London. The results were published within Low Income Diet and Nutrition Survey Summary of Key Findings, 2007.
The Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at King's College London developed the Secondary School Meals Research Project, 2003-2004. It was funded by the Department for Education and Skills and the Food Standards Agency, as a result of growing concern about childrens' diets and the quality of school meals.
In 1941 the first nutritional standards for school meals were established and later updated several times, for the last time in 1975. However, in 1980 the Education Act removed such nutritional standards and obligations from Local Education Authorities. In 2001 statutory National Nutritional Standards for school lunches were re-introduced. In order to understand the potential changes in the contribution of school lunches to daily intake and following the re-introduction of these standards, a survey of school meals, in a representative sample of English secondary schools, was commissioned.
The study had three main aims; to assess whether the food provided by the school caterer met the statutory 2001 National Nutritional Standards; to assess whether the food provided met the Caroline Walker Trust Experts Working Group's National Guidelines for School Meals; to identify the consumption and nutrient intakes of school children from school meals, then to compare these intakes to the guidelines set out in the Expert Working Group's Report. Food choices of 5,695 pupils from 79 English secondary schools were recorded.
Researchers were based at King's College London and the project was directed by Dr Michael Nelson of King's. This project's findings were reported in School Meals in Secondary Schools in England, 2004.
Queen Elizabeth College, which came into being with the granting of a Royal Charter in 1953, succeeded the Home Science and Economics classes of King's College Women's Department and King's College for Women, which started in 1908; the Household and Social Science Department of King's College for Women, which opened in 1915; and King's College of Household and Social Science, which operated from 1928. The amalgamation of the College with King's College London and Chelsea College was completed in 1985. The Registry dealt with student and academic affairs including applications, examinations and assessments, and its functions were combined with those of the Registry at King's following the merger.
A Department of History and Philosophy of Science was established at University College London when the study of the history of science became popular during the 1950s. The first students were admitted to Chelsea College of Science and Technology in 1964 and a Department was created in 1966. It was transferred to King's College London when Chelsea and King's merged in 1985 and in 1993 became part of the Department of Philosophy in the School of Humanities.
The Institute of Gerontology was established in 1986 as a collaboration between the charity, Age Concern, and King's College London, to engage in multidisciplinary study of ageing and old age. It undertakes research and runs MSc and Diploma programmes in Gerontology. The Institute is now a department within the division of Health Sciences, and part of the School of Life and Health Sciences.
Mathematics has been taught at King's since it first opened in 1831. It initially was part of the Senior Department and the Department of General Literature and Science and then became part of the Faculty of Arts and the Faculty of Science from 1893, the Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences from 1986, the School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences from 1991, and the School of Physical Sciences and Engineering from 1992.
King's College London Association of University Teachers, which originated in 1917 and had over 850 members in 2001, is the trade union recognised by King's College London to represent academic and related staff. It is part of the national Association of University Teachers, a trade union and professional association which negotiates salaries and conditions of employment for members, represents their views on professional matters in higher education, and provides advice and other services.
Courses in English Literature and History were provided in the Senior Department at King's College from 1831 and shortly afterwards became part of the Department of General Literature and Science. English and History were separated in 1855, when classes in English Language and Literature became available. A Department of English was formed in 1922/23, remaining part of the Faculty of Arts until the School of Humanities was created in 1989.
The Centre for Medical Law and Ethics, part of the School of Law, was opened in 1978 to undertake research, organise teaching and publish papers concerning issues in medicine involving law and ethics. It draws on the expertise of staff in numerous schools and departments including medicine and theology and offers undergraduate course units and an MA and Diploma programme. The Living Wills Working Party was set up between the Centre and the charity, Age Concern, in 1985, as an early exercise in methodological appraisal of the subject and comprised a forerunner to the Living Wills Project run by the Centre and the AIDS charity, the Terrence Higgins Trust, to measure and evaluate the demand for advanced legal directives and powers of attorney pertaining to medical treatment of terminally or chronically-ill patients.