Born, 1874; educated at St Paul's School; studied botany at Magdalen College, Oxford, graduating, 1896; called to the bar, 1898; studied zoology at Oxford, 1899; Assistant Naturalist, Marine Biological Association's Laboratory, Plymouth, 1900; Director of the Sutton Broad Laboratory, Norfolk, 1902; Naturalist to Ulster Fishery and Biology Department, Northern Ireland; Assistant in Biology at Queen's College, Belfast, 1906; Lecturer in Botany at Queen's University, Belfast; Lecturer in Entomology, University of Cambridge, 1913; served with the Royal Army Medical Corps, 1915-[1916]; Lecturer in Zoology (Entomology), University of Cambridge, 1917; Professor of Entomology, Imperial College, 1925-1930; President, Royal Microscopical Society, 1934-1935; Vice-President, Royal Entomological Society, 1934-1935; President, Zoological Section of the Royal Association, 1935; President, Association of British Zoologists, 1935; President, Society for British Entomology, 1939; died, 1967.
Publications: include: Keys to the Orders of Insects; Concerning the Habits of Insects; Textbook of Practical Entomology (1932).
Born, Devon, 1850; educated at Cambridge University; Fellow of Queen's College Cambridge; assistant engineer, Mersey Docks and Harbour Works; Professor of Civil Engineering and Applied Mathematics, 1897, Dean of Applied Science, 1898, McGill University, Canada; Vice-President, 1896-1897, President, 1900, Canadian Society Civil Engineers; Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, President of Section III, 1896; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1902; Rector, Imperial College, 1908-1910; died, 1912.
Publications: include: Theory of Structures and Strength of Materials (J Wiley & Sons, New York, 1893); Results of Experiments on the Strength of White Pine, Red Pine, Hemlock and Spruce reprinted from the Transactions of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers (Montreal, 1898); A New Extensometer reprinted from the Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada (Montreal, 1902); On the Stresses developed in Beams loaded transversely reprinted from the Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada (Montreal, 1902); A Treatise on Hydraulics second edition (J Wiley & Sons, New York, 1908).
Born, 1861; educated at Christ Church, Oxford; called to Bar, Inner Temple, 1884; Liberal MP for Cambridge, 1906-1910, Keighley, Yorkshire, 1911-1914; Counsel to the University of Oxford, 1911-1913; knighted, 1913; member of the Council of the Duchy of Lancaster; Solicitor-General, 1913; Director of the Press Bureau, 1914-1915; created 1st Baron Cheddington, 1915; Lord Chancellor, 1915-1916; member of the Interallied Conference in Finance and Supplies; Chairman, Governing Body of Imperial College, 1923-1934; Chairman, Political Honours Review Commitee, 1924, 1929; created 1st Viscount Buckmaster, 1933; died, 1934.
Born, London, 1858; educated at Harrow, Trinity College Cambridge; Assistant Private Secretary to Secretary for Foreign Affairs, 1883-1884; 2nd Baron Houghton of Great Houghton, Yorkshire, 1885; Lord-in-Waiting to the Queen, 1886; Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, 1892-1895; created Earl of Crewe, 1895; Lord President of the Council, 1905-1908, 1915-1916; Chaiman, Governing Body of Imperial College, 1907-1922; knighted, 1908; Lord Privy Seal, 1908, 1912-1915; Secretary of State for the Colonies, 1908-1910; Secretary of State for India, 1910-1915; created 1st Marquess of Crewe, Earl of Madeley, 1911; HM Lieutenant, County of London, 1912-1944; President, Board of Education, 1916; Chairman, London County Council, 1917; H M Ambassador in Paris, 1922-1928; Secretary of State for War, 1931; Chancellor, Sheffield University; died, 1945.
Publications: include: Lord Rosebery (John Murray, London, 1931).
Born in Treorchy in the Rhodda Valley on 7 July 1924. In July 1925 his father died and Davies moved with his mother and twin sister to Portsmouth to live with his maternal grandmother and aunt. In 1941, on the completion of his school education at the Portsmouth Boys Southern Secondary School, he took up a `Royal' Scholarship at Imperial College London where he studies physics. In 1943 he graduated with first-class honours and was directed to work at Birmingham University as a research assistant in the Tube Alloys Project (the British contribution to the development of nuclear weapons) under R.E. Peierls and later A.H. Wilson. Davies's main work was concerned with the stability and control problems for the gaseous diffusion plant. In 1944 he continued to work for the Tube Alloys Project at ICI, Billingham, on Teeside and in 1945 at the close of the project he returned to Birmingham to work in the Physics Department under M.L.E. Oliphant. The overlap between the courses at Imperial College allowed Davies to complete the requirements for a mathematics degree in a year and he resumed the scholarship for that purpose, graduating with first class honours in 1947.
The National Physics Laboratory was setting up a group to build a stored program computer under the direction of A.M. Turing and Davies joined this group and began working on the logic design and later the building of the ACE Computer. When the Pilot ACE was built, Davies became a user, working on a variety of simulations, including the behaviour of road junctions controlled by traffic lights. In 1954 Davies was awarded a Harkness Fellowship to study in the USA. He came to view his choice of MIT as an error because all the interesting computer work was classified. The period at MIT was interrupted by a special mission for the United Nations, investigating a request from the Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta for funds to buy equipment from the USSR. Subsequently he was involved for a number of years on two new projects. One was the development of the cryotron, a superconducting device with potential for the large-scale integration of logic and storage. However, efforts in this area foundered on engineering problems of many kinds. The other was the translation by computer from Russia to English. Davies concluded that although `we were not able to set up a serviced based on this work ... it is noteworthy that our real experience ... was very different from the accepted public view of machine translation.
In the early 1960s time-sharing whereby a large computer gave an online service to a number of users was very much the coming thing. In 1965 Davies proposed, in a privately circulated paper, the principle for a data communication network which he subsequently named 'packet switching'. In March of the following year he lectured to a large audience, advocating the use of techniques in a public switched data network.
In 1966 Davies was appointed Superintendent of the Division of Computer Science where the programme of research included data communication systems, information systems, pattern recognition and man-computer interaction. The data communication proposals for specialised networks using packet switching were widely publicised in 1967 and greatly influenced the early development of ARPA Network. Davies successfully promoted packet switching for public networks at the CCITT (International Consultative Committee for Telephones and Telegraphs) and elsewhere. In 1973 he published (with D.L.A. Barber) Communication Networks for Computers and in 1979 (with Barber, W.L. Price and C.M. Solomonides) Computer Networks and their Protocols.
In 1975 Davies received the John Player Award of the British Computer Society for his work in packet switching and shared the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Internet Award for 2000 for work on packet switching.
In 1978 Davies was given the status of an 'individual merit' appointment at the NPL enabling him to relinquish administrative responsibilities, and he led a small research team concerned with security of data in networks. The team developed the application of cryptographic methods to the practical work of network security, especially the use of asymmetric (public key) cryptography. Consulting work under contract to financial institutions and others provided the practical experience. After Davies retired from NPL in 1984, he provided consultancy to financial institutions on high value payment systems and advised suppliers and users of secure systems of many kinds, for example mobile telephony and direct broadcast satellite television. In 1984 he published (with W.L. Price) Security for computer networks: an introduction to data security in teleprocessing and electronic funds transfer. Davies also pursued his interest in cryptography as a hobby with research on Second World War cipher machines and published an number of articles on the topic.
Davies was appointed CBE in 1983 and elected to the Fellowship of the Royal Society in 1987. In 1955 Davies married Diane Burton which whom he had three children. He died on 28 May 2000.
Born, London, 1893; educated at Dame Alice Owen's School; Royal College of Science (Imperial College), 1912-1915; conducted research at Institute of Plant Physiology; Horticultural Research Station, Cheshunt; Rothamsted Experimental Station; member of staff, Imperial College, 1932; Professor of Plant Physiology, Imperial College, 1937-1958; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1940; Royal medal of the Royal Society, 1957; Emeritus Professor, 1959-1961; died, 1961.
Publications: scientific papers in botanical journals.
Born, 1865; educated at Mason College, Birmingham; University of Bonn; studied natural science, Trinity College Cambridge; Frank Smart Student of Botany, Gonville and Caius College, 1888-1889; Professor of Botany and Arboriculture, Imperial College, Wampoa, China, 1889-1892; Mandarin of the White Button, 1892; joined Exeter College Oxford, 1892-1898; Lecturer in Plant Physiology, Edinburgh University, 1898; head of the Biological Departments, Royal Indian Engineering College, Coopers Hill, 1899-1905, and University College Reading; Lecturer in Botany, Northern Polytechnic Institute, Holloway, 1907-1908; Assistant Professor of Botany, Imperial College, 1908-1911; Professor of the Technology of Woods and Fibres, Imperial College, 1911-1931; elected Fellow of the Royal Society; died, 1931.
Publications: include: Elementary Botany (G Bell & Sons, London, 1898); Trees and their Life Histories ... Illustrated from photographs by Henry Irving (Cassell & Co, London, 1907); Bell's Science Series 7 vol editor with George Minchin (George Bell & Sons, London, 1900-1909).
Student, Royal School of Mines, 1885-1889; worked in Mexico, [1895]; mining engineer in Peru, 1896-1903; returned to Britain, 1903.
Born, Ealing, London, 1825; studied medicine; Assistant Surgeon, surveying ship HMS RATTLESNAKE around Australia, 1846-1850; Lecturer in Natural History, School of Mines, 1854; Naturalist to the Geological Survey, 1854; Hunterian professor, Royal College of Surgeons, 1863-1869; Fullerian professor, Royal Institution, 1863-1867; Professor of Biology and Dean, Normal School of Science (later Royal College of Chemistry), 1881-1895; Dean, Royal School of Mines, 1881-1895; Honorary Professor of Biology, 1885-1895; foremost advocate in England of Darwin's theory of evolution; died, 1895.
Publications: include: On the educational value of the natural history sciences (London, 1854); The Oceanic Hydrozoa; a description of the Calycophoridae and Physophoridae observed during the voyage of HMS "Rattlesnake" in the years 1846-50 (London, 1859); Lectures on the Elements of Comparative Anatomy vol 1 (London, 1864); A catalogue of the collection of Fossils in the Museum of Practical Geology, with an explanatory introduction with Robert Etheridge (London, 1865); Lessons in Elementary Physiology (London, 1866); An Introduction to the Classification of Animals (London, 1869); Lay Sermons, Addresses, and Reviews (London, 1870); A Manual of the Anatomy of vertebrated animals (London, 1871); More Criticisms on Darwin, and Administrative Nihilism (D Appleton & Co, New York, 1872); A course of practical instruction in elementary biology assisted by H N Martin (London, Cambridge [printed], 1875); A Manual of the anatomy of Invertebrated Animals (London, 1877); Physiography: an introduction to the study of nature (London, 1877); Fish Diseases (London, 1883); Evolution and Ethics (The Romanes Lecture, 1893) (Macmillan and Co, London, 1893); Man's Place in Nature, and other essays [1906]; Collected Essays 9 vol (Macmillan and Co, London, 1894-1908); The Scientific Memoirs of T H Huxley edited by Professor Michael Foster and Professor E Ray Lankester 5 vol (Macmillan & Co, London, 1898-1903).
Born, Kincardineshire, Scotland,1873; educated at Fordoun Public School; Aberdeen Grammar School; Aberdeen University; Göttingen University, Germany, 1896-1897; Assistant to C T Heycock and F H Neville of Cambridge; worked at the Central Technical College research laboratory, 1897-1898; part-time lecturer, 1899, Demonstrator and Lecturer in Physical Chemistry, 1900, Royal College of Science; Assistant Professor of Chemistry, 1909-1913, Professor of Physical Chemistry, 1913-1938, Imperial College; OBE, 1918; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1921; Secretary, 1913-1924, and President, 1941, of the Chemical Society; Chairman, Bureau of Chemical Abstracts, 1923-1932; Member of the Senate, University of London, 1932-1938; President, Section B (Chemistry), British Association, 1936; Professor Emeritus of Physical Chemistry; Deputy Rector, Imperial College, 1939; President, Society of Chemical Industry, 1939-1941; died, 1941.
Publications: include: Physical Chemistry; its bearing on biology and medicine (Edward Arnold, London, 1910); The Romance of Modern Chemistry. A description in non-technical language of the diverse and wonderful ways in which chemical forces are at work, and of their manifold application in modern life (Seeley & Co, London, 1910); Achievements of Chemical Science (1913); The Chemical Society, 1841-1941. A historical review with Tom Sidney Moore (London, 1947).
Born Yeovil, Somerset, 1891; educated Yeovil School; studied civil engineering at Bristol University, graduated, 1911; articled assistant to consultant engineer; assistant engineer with the Pontypridd and Rhondda Valley Joint Water Board, 1913-1914; technical adviser to the Director of the Air Department of the Admiralty on aircraft safety, 1915-1919; partner in a firm of aeronautical engineers, 1919-1922; Professor of Engineering, University College, Cardiff, 1922-1928; Professor of Civil Engineering, Bristol University, 1928-1933, associated with the experimental testing of aircraft structures especially the R 100 and R 101 airships; Professor of Civil Engineering, and head of department, Imperial College, 1933-1956; research interests included the structure of dams; Chairman of the Thames Pollution Committee,1951-1961; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1954; President of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 1958-1959; died, 1969.
Publications: Aeroplane Structures, etc with John Laurence Pritchard (Longmans & Co, London, 1919); The Stress Analysis of Bow Girders with Frank Leslie Barrow (London, 1926); Primary Stresses in Timber Roofs, with special reference to curved bracing members with William Henry Glanville (London, 1926); Strain Energy Methods of Stress Analysis, etc (Longmans & Co, London, 1928); The Analysis of Engineering Structures with John Fleetwood Baker, Baron Baker (E Arnold & Co, London, 1936); The Experimental Study of Structures (Edward Arnold & Co, London, 1947); A Study of the Voussoir Arch with Letitia Chitty (London, 1951); Studies in Elastic Structures (Edward Arnold & Co, London, 1952); Pollution of the Tidal Thames. Report of the Departmental Committee on the effects of heated and other effluents and discharges on the condition of the tidal reaches of the River Thames[Chairman, A J S Pippard] (London, 1961).
Born, 1846; educated at Eton; admitted solicitor, 1870; Assistant Clerk, 1871-1882, and Clerk, 1882-1918, Goldsmith's Company; Knighted, 1891; Governor, Imperial College, representing the City and Guild's of London Institute, 1908-1919; died, 1928.
Publication: Memorials of the Goldsmiths' Company. Being gleanings from their records between the years 1335 and 1815 2 vol (Printed for private circulation, [London, 1896]).
Born Southport, Lancashire, 1922; educated at King George V School Southport; studied Mechanical Sciences Tripos at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, 1941 (graduated BA 1944, MA 1948); joined Radar Research and Development Establishment during war, 1943 - 1946; Assistant Lecturer in Physics, Manchester University, 1946 - 1948; Lecturer in Physics, Manchester University, 1948 - 1949; research under Blackett on Earth's magnetic field, awarded Ph.D 1949; Assistant Director of Research, Department of Geodesy and Geophysics, Cambridge University, 1950, working on palaeomagnetism; Chair of Physics, Kings College, University of Durham (later University of Newcastle upon Tyne), 1956 - 1988; Sydney Chapman Professor of Physics, university of Alaska, 1989; Senior Research Fellow, Imperial College London, 1989. Runcorn was murdered in a hotel room in San Diego, California, December 1995.
Born Aston, Birmingham, 1876; educated at Smethwick Central School, 1888-1891, Birmingham Technical School (now Aston University), 1894-1895; Royal College of Science (Imperial College), scholarship, 1897-1900; Assistant Demonstrator, 1900-1901; moved to the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, 1901-1920, involved with naval research, [1914-1918]; Superintendent of the Electricity Department, 1917; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1918; first Director of Scientific Research, at the Admiralty, 1920; awarded Hughes Medal, 1925; Physical Secretary of the Royal Society, 1929-1938; knighted (GCB), 1931; Secretary, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, 1929-1939; Director, Instrument Production, Ministry of Supply, 1939-1942; Director of Telecommunications, Ministry of Aircraft Production, 1940-1942; Chairman, Technical Defence Committee; MI5, 1940-1946; Chairman, Scientific Advisory Council, 1941-1947; Chairman of the Road Research Board, 1946-1954; adviser on research and development with the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (later British Petroleum), 1939-1955; adviser, Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA), 1944-1957; died, 1969.
Publications: Reports of the Committee on Electrical Standards ... A record of the history of "Absolute Units" and of Lord Kelvin's work in connexion with These Editor (Cambridge, 1913); Physics in Navigation (1927); Chemistry and the Community (London, 1932); Industrial Research and the Nation's Balance Sheet (London, [1932]); Measurement of the Effectiveness of the Productive Unit with Richard, Baron Beeching (British Institute of Management: London, [1949]); The Critical Importance of Higher Technological Education in relation to Productivity (British Association for the Advancement of Science, London, [1951]).
Born Antwerp, Belgium, 1907; educated at St Paul's School, 1920-1926, Christ Church, Oxford, 1926-1930; Senior Scholar of Christ Church, 1931-1933; Senior Researcher, Department of Thermodynamics, Oxford, 1933-1935; Dewar Fellow of the Royal Institution, London, 1936-1940; Principal Experimental Officer, Ministry of Supply, 1940-1945; Professor of Chemistry at Queen's University, Belfast, 1945-1954; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1951; Professor of Thermodynamics, Imperial College, 1954-1975; awarded CBE, 1961; Head of Chemical Engineering Department, Imperial College, 1961-1975; Senior Research Fellow, Imperial College, 1975-1988; research interests included chemical thermodynamics, combustion, explosions and detonations, ionic melts, graphite and intercalation compounds; died, 1988.
Publications: An Introduction to Modern Thermodynamical Principles (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1937); Time and Thermodynamics (Oxford University Press, London, 1947); Man and Energy ... Illustrated (Hutchinson's Scientific & Technical Publications, London, 1954); Thermodynamics in the World of To-day, etc [London, 1955]; Graphite and its Crystal Compounds with Frederick Alastair Lewis (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1960); Melting and crystal structure (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1965).
Born Coggeshall, Essex, 1838; educated at City of London School; lay student at New College, St John's Wood, London; employed by Sir William Fairbairn, [1856-1861]; Manager of Engineering works, 1861-1868; Associate of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 1867; instructor at the Royal School of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at Kensington, 1868-72; Professor of Hydraulic Engineering at the Royal Indian Engineering College, Cooper's Hill, 1872-1884; Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 1878; Professor of Engineering, Central Technical College of the Guilds of London (later City and Guilds College), 1884-1904, Dean, 1884-1896, 1902-1904; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1886; Honorary Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 1886; Honorary Member of the Franklin Institute and of the American Philosophical Society, 1890; President of section G of the British Association, 1891; member of the Council of the Royal Society, 1894-1896; Honorary Membership of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1898; member of the General Board of the National Physical Laboratory, 1900; member of the Senate of the University of London, 1900-1905, 1911-1923; member of the Governing Body of Imperial College of Science and Technology, 1910-1926; President of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 1911; member of the Delegacy of the City and Guilds College, 1911-1926; President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1915-1916; awarded the first Kelvin Medal, 1921; Honorary Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1922; died, 1933.
Publications: include: Wrought Iron Bridges and Roofs .. With examples of the calculation of stress in girders, etc (London, 1869); On the Movement of the water in a tidal river, with reference to the position of sewer outfalls E & F N Spon, London, 1883); Exercises in Wood-Working for handicraft classes in elementary and technical schools (Longmans & Co, London, 1887); The Testing of Materials of Construction: a text-book for the engineering laboratory and a collection of the results of experiment (Longmans & Co, London, 1888); On the Development and Transmission of Power from central stations, being the Howard Lectures 1893 (Longmans & Co, London, 1894); A Treatise on Hydraulics (Adam & Charles Black, London, 1907).
The Royal College of Science was formed in 1881 in South Kensington by merging some courses of the Royal School of Mines with courses in Mathematics, Astronomy, Botany and Agriculture. It was originally named the Normal School of Science (the title was based on the Ecole Normale in Paris), with one of the aims of the School being to provide systematic training to school science teachers. Students of the Royal College of Science were able to qualify in the subjects of Physics, Chemistry, Mechanics, Biology and Agriculture. In 1890 was the School was renamed the Royal College of Science. In 1907 the Royal College of Science and Royal School of Mines were incorporated in the Royal Charter of the Imperial College of Science and Technology.
The City and Guilds College was originally known as the Central Institution of the City and Guilds Institute. A meeting of the livery companies in 1876 led to the foundation of the City and Guilds Institute (C&GLI) for the Advancement of Technical Education, which aimed to improve the training of craftsmen. One of the objectives of the C&GLI was to create a Central Institution in London. As they were initially unable to find a site for the Institution, Finsbury Technical College was established in 1878 in Cowper Street. The other main objective of the C&GLI was to conduct a system of qualifying examinations in technical subjects. This was done in 1879, when the system established by the Society of Arts in 1873 was taken over by the C&GLI. The Central Institution opened in 1884, in a purpose designed building in South Kensington. It became known as the City and Guilds College after its full incorporation into Imperial College in 1910.
The Governing Body was established on the creation of the Imperial College in 1907 by the incorporation of the Royal College of Science and the Royal School of Mines in 1907, and the City and Guilds College in 1910. The Governing Body of 40 members, excluding the Rector, was to exercise the powers of the College as provided in the Charter and later Statutes. After the College received its new Charter in 1998, the Governing Body was replaced by a Court and Council, with the latter becoming the governing and executive body of the College.
The Beit Fellowship was established in 1913 by Otto Beit, a Governor of Imperial College. The Fellowship was established in memory of his brother Alfred, a South African businessman and partner in the firm of Wernher, Beit and Company.
The Council, and previously the Governing Body, is reponsible for ensuring that financial accounts are kept and that an annual statement of the College's finances is prepared and published. External Auditors are appointed by the Council to undertake an audit of the College financial accounts. The College Secretary, as Clerk, is responsible for Internal Audit.
IMPEL was established in 1987 as a joint venture to market technological ideas and products from the college's research programmes. It also acted as a staff consultancy service for external agencies. This aspect was taken over in 1991 by Imperial College Consultants Ltd, along with the management of the commercial use of college facilities. Imperial Biotechnology was established in 1982 to develop products for the speciality enzyme market.
One of the main functions of the Personnel Division is to support Departments in all aspects of their staff management function including recruitment and retention, performance and health and safety. Some central processing services such as pensions, staff appraisal, and administration are carried out by the division.
The Holland Club opened in 1949 as a social club for non-teaching staff, named after Sir Thomas Holland, Rector of the College from 1922-1929. A dining club had been established in 1947, and the two clubs merged in 1962. The Consort Club was established as a joint Imperial College and Royal College of Art dining club.
Scholarships, bursaries and prizes have been established since the creation of Imperial College and its constituent colleges, and are administered by the Registry.
The Department of Aeronautics was established in 1920. Sir Richard Glazebrook was appointed the first Director and Zaharoff Professor of Aviation.
The Department of Meteorology was established in 1920, as part of the Department of Aeronautics. In 1934, it became part of the Department of Physics, and in 1955 was transferred to the Department of Geology.
The Physiological Flow Studies Unit was established in 1966 to foster basic research in physiological mechanics for the advancement of the understanding of certain human diseases. The Centre for Biological and Medical Systems developed from the Physiological Flow Studies Unit.
The teaching of Chemistry at Imperial College has its origins in the Royal College of Chemistry, which was established in 1845 in Hanover Square, London. In 1853 the College was incorporated with the Government School of Mines and of Science Applied to the Arts (later the Royal School of Mines). Chemistry was one of the departments to be transferred to South Kensington in 1872.
In 1881 the Royal College of Chemistry and the Royal School of Mines joined to form the Royal College of Science. In 1907 both became constituent colleges of the Imperial College of Science and Technology. A postgraduate Department of Chemical Technology was formed in 1912 as part of the Royal College of Science. In 1927 Chemical Engineering became a sub-department of Chemical Technology, along with Fuel Technology and Electrothermics. By 1940 Chemical Engineering had transferred to the City and Guilds College, to form a new department along with Applied Physical Chemistry.
The Computer Unit (later Computer Centre) was established in 1964, and became part of the Department of Computing and Control. In 1974 the Centre separated from the Department, and later became known as the Centre for Computing Services.
The Centre for Computing and Automation was formed in 1966, based on research undertaken in the Department of Mathematics. In 1970 the centre became the Department of Computing and Control, and then the Department of Computing in 1979, when the Control Group rejoined the Department of Electrical Engineering.
The Kobler Unit for the Management of Information Technology and a new chair to head it was established in 1984 by a trust set up by Fred Kobler.
Born, 1926; educated, Worthing High School, 1935-1943; St John's College, Cambridge, 1943-1945, 1948-1949; Assistant Experimental Officer, National Physics Laboratory, 1946-1948; Research student, University Mathematical Laboratory, Cambridge, 1949-1953; Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, 1952-1955; Visiting Assistant Professor, Univeristy of Illinois, USA; Computer Department of Ferranti Ltd, 1955-1964; part-time Professor of Automatic Data Processing, University of Manchester and ICT Ltd, 1963-1964; Professor of Computing Science and Director, Centre for Computing and Automation, Imperial College, 1964-1970; Consultant to International Computers Limited, 1964-1965, 1968-1970; Consultant to the Ministry of Technology, 1966-1969; President, British Computer Society, 1967-1968; Director of various companies in the Miles Roman Group, 1970-1971; Senior Consultant, PA International Management Consultants Limited, 1972-1975; died, 1975.
The teaching of Civil Engineering in South Kensington originated with the establishment of the City and Guilds Central Institution in 1884, which taught Engineering. By 1913 two separate departments of Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering had emerged, as part of the renamed City and Guilds College. As courses developed separate sections emerged. A Chair in Highway Engineering was established in 1929, with the section being replaced by Transport in 1963. A Concrete Technology section was established in 1945, and Public Health and Water Resource Engineering in 1977.
Dulwich Hospital started life as the Champion Hill Infirmary of St Saviour's Union in 1886. In 1921 it became Southwark Hospital and in 1931, when London County Council took over the running of it, it became Dulwich Hospital. In 1948, when the National Health Service Act came into operation, the Hospital came under the administrative control of Camberwell Hospital Management Committee, which included St Giles and St Francis Hospitals. This Committee was under the South East Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board. In 1964, Dulwich Hospital joined King's College Hospital Group. Dulwich Hospital produced patient case notes in the course of its business.
Dulwich Hospital started life as the Champion Hill Infirmary of St Saviour's Union in 1886. In 1921 it became Southwark Hospital and in 1931, when London County Council took over the running of it, it became Dulwich Hospital. In 1948, when the National Health Service Act came into operation, the Hospital came under the administrative control of Camberwell Hospital Management Committee, which included St Giles and St Francis Hospitals. This Committee was under the South East Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board. In 1964, Dulwich Hospital joined King's College Hospital Group, which resulted in the nursing schools being merged.
The Befriending Project was established in 1991 by Professor George Brown and Dr Tirril Harris, based at the Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry Department of the Institute of Psychiatry, later part of King's College London. This was a randomised controlled trial, comprising two stages. The project investigated whether befriending could improve remission rates from chronic depression.
The first stage of the project comprised interviews; the sample patients were divided into three groups and given ID numbers; these were: the intervention group containing 60 patients, the control group containing 60 patients and a group of 56 volunteer befrienders.
During the second stage of the project those in the control group, who had been followed up and found not to have recovered, were offered befriending and many accepted. These patients were given a second ID number and formed part of the second stage intervention group; new participants and new control group members joined the project at this stage.
Professor George Brown's teams used psychosocial measures originally developed to explain the onset of depressive episodes, factors which might also perpetuate disorder, including the LEDS (Life Events and Difficulties Schedule) with SLEDS (Shortened Life Events and Difficulties Schedule), Professor George Brown and Dr Tirril Harris, 1978; the SESS (Self Evaluation and Social Support Schedule), Brown et al, 1986, 1990; the COPI (Coping with Severe Events and Difficulties Interview), Professor Antonia Bifulco and Brown, 1996; the CECA (Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse) with MINICECA, Bifulco, Brown and Harris, 1994; the ASI (Attachment Style Interview) Bifulco et al, 2002 with the Bedford College version of the SCAN (Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry), Professor John Wing et al, 1990. The project spanned four years.
The Camberwell Register was set up in 1964 by the Medical Research Council Social Psychiatry Unit led by Dr Lorna Wing, based at the Institute of Psychiatry, now part of King's College London. It began operation in January 1965. Its purpose was to provide an in-depth and cumulative source of data on the users of psychiatric services in a defined geographical area to test various hypotheses concerning the influence of social factors on the onset, course and outcome of psychiatric disorders. Camberwell was chosen as a testing ground because of the vicinity of the Maudsley and Bethlem Royal Hospitals, and it constituted one of a number of such registers to be compiled at this time in the United Kingdom and internationally, most notably at Aberdeen, Cardiff, Worcester, Nottingham and Northampton. It measured contact and monitored changes in the uptake of services and collected social and clinical information on sufferers and included both in-patients and out-patients. Data was initially only accumulated in hard-copy but was later also transferred to temporary electronic storage based at the University of London Computer Centre. Analysis programs were written to provide year by year statistics on the progress of the project. The register evaluated the effectiveness of competing community-based and hospital-based rehabilitation, the value of specialised psychotherapy and long term support, and provided invaluable statistics on the demography, socio-economic breakdown and distribution of the mentally ill, their support and care. The project ended in 1984 but follow-up data has accrued since then.
Born 16 May 1931; educated University of Birmingham; House Physician and House Surgeon, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, 1956-1957; Medical Officer, Wheatley Military Hospital, 1957-1959; Registrar, United Oxford Hospitals, 1959-1960; Registrar, later Senior Registrar, Maudsley Hospital, London, 1960-1966; Consultant in Psychological Medicine, National Hospital and Maida Vale Hospital, London, 1966-1967; Senior Lecturer in Psychological Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital and Royal Postgraduate Medical School, 1967-1969; Consultant Psychiatrist, Bethlem Royal and Maudsley Hospitals, 1967-1974; Reader in Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, 1974-1979; Professor of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, 1979-1993; Visiting Fellow, Green College, Oxford, 1983; Advisor to Bermuda Hospitals Board, 1971; Scientific Advisor, Department of Health and Social Security, 1979-1982; Civilian Consultant, Royal Air Force, 1987-1993; retired 1993. Author of physiology and psychology papers on brain maturation, cerebral dominance, organisation of memory; clinical papers on head injury, dementia, epilepsy, neuroimaging, and alcoholic brain damage.
Publications: Organic Psychiatry: the psychological consequences of cerebral disorder (1st edition 1978, 2nd edition 1987, 3rd edition 1997). Lishman was approached by Blackwells Scientific Publications and encouraged by Sir Aubrey Lewis, Chair of Psychiatry at the Institute of Phychiatry to write a textbook on the organic basis to mental disease. The result was Organic Psychiatry, a seminal text in the fields of neurology and psychiatry. At the time of writing it is still widely used in the teaching of medicine and is part of the Neuropsychiatry training pack.
The Twins' Early Development Study (TEDS) was established in 1994 with the support of the Medical Research Council (MRC) and is based at the Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre of the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London. It was set up to investigate the development of three common psychological problems in children: communication disorders, mild mental impairment and behaviour problems, using sets of twins to test the relative importance of environmental and genetic causation in determining their onset, with autism as a main line of enquiry. Studies also include the process of skill development such as language skills and story telling. The project comprises initial and yearly follow-up face to face and telephone interviews and written responses taken from around 16,000 pairs of twins born in England and Wales between 1994 and 1996 and their parents and teachers, and more lengthy and detailed responses from the parents of those children who developed problems.
The twins were identified and located by the Office for National Statistics, which manages the principal name list. This data has been combined with genetic sampling to gauge the contribution of inheritance to language and cognitive development. The study is one of the largest of its kind in the world and also comprises a number of working groups using samples of raw data from smaller cohorts to analyse specific aspects of the behavioural development of young children. Notably, groups are investigating the influence of other siblings in the twins' home lives and on `Environmental Risk' factors in child development.
The Maudsley Hospital Medical School was opened in 1923 as. It was associated to the Maudsley Hospital, which was established in 1914 to treat the mentally ill. It was officially recognised by the University of London in [1933]. In 1948 it became a founder member of the newly formed British Postgraduate Medical Federation and changed its name to the Institute of Psychiatry. Maudsley Hospital amalgamated with the Bethlem Royal Hospital to form a joint teaching hospital in 1948. The Institute of Psychiatry became a school of King's College London in 1997.
The Academic Board was responsible for the academic policy of the Institute. In Oct 1997, when the Institute became a school of King's College London, the Academic Board was renamed the Institute Board.
No information at present.
Rita Blanche Pargeter was an English student and graduate of King's College London, 1931-1934.
Born 1932; student at King's College London, 1950-1957; Assistant lecturer and later lecturer in Physics, King's College London, 1954-1962; Reader in Biophysics, 1962-1963; Head of Department of Physics, Queen Elizabeth College, 1963-1984; Head of Department of Physics, King's College London, 1984-1992; Vice-Principal, King's College London, 1988-1992.
Born 4 July 1915; BSc, Chemistry and Physics, King's College London, 1933-1935; PhD, Organic Chemistry, King's College London, 1935-1938; worked for ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries).
Born [1770]; son of David Leathes of Middlesex; entered the Middle Temple, 1787; elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, 1793; worked as a clerk in the cheque office of the Bank of England, 1799-1838; subscriber to King's College London, 1832; established book prize for medical students at King's College London, 1833-1834; donation of papers to King's College on condition that he be permitted to reside in College, 1837; died, 1838.
Born 22 July 1919; educated at Berwick-on-Tweed High School for Girls, 1929-1934, and Morpeth High School for Girls, Northumberland, 1934-1937; St Mary's College, University of Durham, 1937-1941; BA, English Language and Literature, 1940; teaching diploma, 1941; Assistant English Mistress, Urmston-Flixton Senior Girls' School, Lancashire, 1941-1943; Brentford Senior Girls' School, Middlesex, 1943-1944; Queen Elizabeth Grammar School, Hexham, Northumberland, 1944-1948; MA, Durham, 1943; Assistante d'anglais, Collège Moderne de Jeunes-Filles, Clermont-Ferraud, France, 1948-1949; Lectrice d'anglais, Faculté des Lettres, Université de Dijon, France, and English teacher, Franco-British-American Institute, Dijon, France, 1949-1953; Docteur, Université de Dijon, France, 1953; Tutor, 1953, and Senior Tutor, 1957, St Mary's College, University of Durham, and Lecturer in English, University of Durham, 1953-1959; Tutor to Women Students, King's College, London, 1959-1973; Dean of Students, King's College, London, 1973-1982.
Born 28 August 1897; BA honours, University of Cambridge; MSc with distinction, Mathematics, King's College London, 1925; Assistant Lecturer, and Lecturer in the Department of Mathematics, King's College London, 1926-1937; Assistant to the Secretary of King's College London and King's College for Women, London, 1937-1947; Registrar, King's College London, 1947-1962; President, King's College Rowing Club; died 1986.
Publications: Editor of Count me in: numeracy in education (Queen Anne Press, London, 1968); Mathematics in education and industry. A survey of regional reports prepared by the chairman [ie J T Combridge] for the Schools and Industry Committee of the Mathematical Association (London, 1969).
Gordon Oxenbury Douglas, born on 29 May 1914; educated at King's College London Faculty of Science, 1932-1939, passed Intermediate Examination in Science in 1933; worked as technical staff member at the Aeronautical Inspection Directorate, 1939-1947; educated in Moral Sciences Tripos at Cambridge University, 1947-1949; lectured at Nottingham University, 1951 until retirement; died 1999.
Born 30 September 1907, Bournemouth; educated Bournemouth School for Boys and Bournemouth College; studied dentistry at King's College Hospital, 1929-1932; locum in many locations including Derby, Southampton, Winchester, Alresford and Shaftesbury, 1932-1936; ran and owned dental practice, Redland, Bristol, 1936-1969; died 28 March 1979.
Baron Abinger, of Abinger in the County of Surrey and of the City of Norwich, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 12 Jan 1835 for the prominent lawyer and politician Sir James Scarlett, the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.
Frances Mary Scarlett: Born 1828, daughter of Robert Campbell Scarlett, 2nd Lord Abinger; married Rev Sydney Lidderdale Smith, 1857; died 1920.
Robert Astley Scarlett was the son of Frances Mary Scarlett, born 1865, died 1955.
John Plomer inherited the Clarke estates from his great uncle, Richard Clarke, and added the surname to his own in 1774. John Plomer Clarke his son (d.1826) was High Sheriff in 1814 and commanded the West Northants Militia.
Born 1901; Highgate School (Senior Foundationer); Geology student, King's College London, 1918-1921; BSc, 1921, PhD, 1927, DSc, 1936; entered British Museum (Natural History), 1922; Deputy Keeper of Department of Palaeontology (formerly of Geology) at British Museum, 1938-1955; Keeper of Department of Palaeontology at British Museum, 1955-1966; Honorary Research Fellow, Department of Geology, University of Reading, from 1981; geological expeditions to Madagascar, 1929-1930, and Spitsbergen, 1939; temporary Principal, Ministry of Health, 1940-1945; Honorary Secretary of the Ray Society, 1946-1951, Vice-President, 1951-1954, President, 1956-1959; member of the Council of the Geological Society, 1949-1953, Vice-President, 1957-1960; President, Linnean Society, 1964-1967; member of the Council of the Zoological Society, 1959-1963; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1956; CBE 1960; died 11 January 1985.
Publications: Eocene fishes from Nigeria (London, 1926); The vertebrate faunas of the English eocene (London, 1931); Fossil fishes of Sokoto Province (1934); The vertebrate faunas of the lower old red sandstone of the Welsh Borders. Pteraspis Leathensis White, a dittonian zone-fossil (British Museum, London, 1950); Australian arthrodires (London, 1952); The eocene fishes of Alabama (Paleontological Research Institution, Ithaca, 1956); The old red sandstone of Brown Clee Hill and the adjacent area. II. Palaeontology (London, 1961); The fossil fishes of the terraces of Lake Bosumtwi, Ashanti.
Born 14 March 1888, Bethnal Green, London; studied Physics with Mathematics, King's College London, 1907-1910; BSc (First class honours) 1910; awarded Jelf medal, 1910; elected an Associate of King's College, 1910; Student Demonstrator, King's College London, 1910-1911; Demonstrator, Armstrong College, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1911-1914; Senior Lecturer, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, 1914-1917; Senior Lecturer, University of Cape Town, South Africa, 1917-1922; DSc, University of London, 1921, for 'contributions to the study of energy transformations when x-radiations are absorbed by or emitted from a substance'; Reader in Physics, Birkbeck College, London, 1922-1948; Fellow of the Institute of Physics, 1920; died 10 January 1972.
Clayton born 1882, educated Cheltenham College and University of Cambridge, possibly Director of the Physio-Therapeutic Department or otherwise an employee of the School of Physiotherapy at King's College Hospital, 1914-1947.
Born 1933; educated Bury Grammar School, 1944-1951, and Brasenose College, Oxford University, 1951-1956; National Service, 1956-1958, qualifying as a Russian interpreter Class II; Senior Hulme Studentship at Brasenose College, Oxford University, 1958-1959; Assistant Lecturer, 1959-1960, Lecturer, 1960-1972, and Senior Lecturer, 1972, Department of Laws, King's College London; Sub-Dean, Faculty of Laws, King's College London.
Publications: Roman law in a nutshell (Sweet and Maxwell, London, 1960).
Born 1903; educated at Highgate School and St John's College, Cambridge; Classical Tutor, Hackney and New College, London, 1926-1935; Reader in Ancient History, New College, London, 1935-1959; part-time teaching at University College London, 1941-1942; Professor of Ancient History, King's College London, 1959-1970; Governor of New College, London, 1930-1980; Vice President of the Society for Promotion of Roman Studies; Acting Director of the Institute of Classical Studies, London, 1964; Fellow of King's College London, 1970; [retired, 1970]; Emeritus Professor of Ancient History, 1970-1983; died 1983.
Publications: editor, with N G L Hammond, of the The Oxford classical dictionary (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1970); editor of Atlas of the Classical World (Nelson, London and Edinburgh, 1959); editor, with H E Butler, of Livy, Book XXX (Methuen, London, 1939); A history of the Roman world from 753 to 146 BC (Methuen, London, 1935); From the Gracchi to Nero: a history of Rome from 133 B.C. to A.D. 68 (Methuen, London, 1959); Roman politics (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1951); Scipio Africanus: soldier and politician (Thames and Hudson, London, 1970); Scipio Africanus in the Second Punic War...Thirlwall Prize Essay (University Press, Cambridge, 1930); The elephant in the Greek and Roman world (Thames and Hudson, London, 1974); The Etruscan cities and Rome (Thames and Hudson, London, 1967); Shorter atlas of the classical world (Thomas Nelson and Sons, Edinburgh, 1962); editor of The grandeur that was Rome (Sidgwick and Jackson, London, 1961); Roman Britain: outpost of the Empire (Thames and Hudson, London, 1979); Festivals and ceremonies of the Roman Republic (Thames and Hudson, London, c1981); A history of Rome down to the reign of Constantine (Macmillan, London, 1975).