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Michael Zylberberg was born in Plotsk, Poland, 1906, into a rabbinical family. He qualified to teach Hebraic history and literature in Warsaw and proceeded to work in a number of schools there, 1933-1939. After the outbreak of World War Two he was active in the Warsaw ghetto organising illegal schools for thousands of homeless children. After the Warsaw ghetto rising in 1943 he managed to escape to the Aryan side of Warsaw, where he lived for 2 years passing off as a Christian.

Years after the end of the war he was contacted by someone who had discovered his manuscript diary and notes. He published his diary under the title A Warsaw Diary in 1969. He also contributed many articles and book reviews on the subject of the Holocaust to the Jewish Chronicle.

He became secretary of the British section of the Yivo Institute, and was a member of the Association of Jewish Journalists and of the World Jewish Congress. He died in 1971.

MB, ChB, Birmingham, 1945; Captain, Royal Army Medical Corps; Diploma in Anaesthetics, 1948; Fellow of the Faculty of Anaesthetists, Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1953; Consultant Anaesthetist, Chase Farm Hospital, Enfield; Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine; Member of the Association of Anaesthetists - Pask Certificate of Honour; President of the History of Anaesthesia Society. Publication: The principles of anaesthesia for nurses (1969).

Founded in 1826, the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is an international scientific, conservation and educational charity whose mission is to promote and achieve the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It runs the Institute of Zoology, conservation projects in more than 50 countries, and two Zoos, ZSL London Zoo and ZSL Whipsnade Zoo.

Émile Zola was born in Paris and brought up in the south of France. He returned to Paris aged 18 as a student and subsequently worked in clerical jobs before becoming a journalist and author. His best known writings are novel Germinal (1885), which was part of the 'Les Rougon-Macquart' cycle of 20 novels, and the newspaper article 'J'accuse' (13 January 1898), which accused the French government of anti-Semitism over the Dreyfuss affair. Zola died in 1902 and his body was reburied in the Panthéon in 1908.

The Zimbabwe-Rhodesia Constitutional Conference, held at Lancaster House, London, began on 10 September 1979. The delegates included Lord Carrington, the British Foreign Secretary; Bishop Abel Muzorewa, Prime Minister of Rhodesia since the general election in April, and other members of his Government of National Unity including the former premier, Ian Smith, Joshua Nkomo, head of the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU), and Robert Mugabe, head of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), both representing the Patriotic Front. Although none of the participants began the conference with any real expectations that a solution would be reached, after four months of negotiation a settlement was concluded. On 21 December 1979 the delegates signed an agreement to accept a constitution for a new independent Zimbabwe and to implement a cease-fire in the civil war.

Fritz Zietlow was born 24 August 1900. He was a law student, one of the early Nazi party activists, who became a Nazi party member in July 1925. He served the party as Gaugeschäftsführer (regional organiser) in Kiel and was a member of the Prussian state council from March 1932. After his legal studies in Kiel and Greifswald he began working as an editor on the Schlesischer Zeitung then on Der Angriff. At the end of 1932 he became the chief editor of the official party paper, the Ostfriesischen Tageszeitung.

Despite being regarded as ideal material for a position as lecturer at the Reichspresseschule, and being nominally included on the staff of that organisation in 1937, he never took up the post. It is thought that this may have been because he was fired by Goebbels from his post on Der Angriff for stealing from the petty cash.

The Bishop of London was held to exercise responsibility for Anglican churches overseas where no other bishop had been appointed. He retained responsibility for churches in northern and central Europe until 1980, but his jurisdiction in southern Europe ceased in 1842 on the creation of the diocese of Gibraltar. In 1980, the Bishop of London divested himself of all overseas jurisdiction and a new diocese of 'Gibraltar in Europe' was established.

Zermatt, in Switzerland, was a popular destination for Victorian English tourists. Protestant services were held in various hotels from the 1860s while funds were raised to construct a church. The church dedicated to Saint Peter, was finished in 1871.

The Zentralvereinigung österreichische Emigranten was a non-political organisation with no party or religious affiliations, the objective of which was to help all Austrians in exile after the outbreak of war. It was based in Paris and the advisory council comprised Alfred Polgar, Frederike Zweig and Berthe Zückerkandl. Its principal activities were to provide assistance for immigrant internees; to assist their wives and children, many of whom ended up in homes; and to procure residency permits.

Zentrale Stelle der Landesjustizverwaltungen zur Aufklarung nationalsozialistischer Gewaltverbrechen (Central Office of the Provincial Justice Authorities to Resolve National Socialist Violent Crime) in Ludwigsburg, Germany, was initially set up to investigate only those Nazi crimes committed outside the territory of the Federal Republic; in later years it assumed responsibility for investigating all Nazi crimes.

These papers were created during the course of the making of a film about the Austrian Anschluss (1938), which was shown on the German television station, ZDF, in 1988.

Israel Zangwill was born in London on 1 February 1864. He was educated at schools in Bristol and Plymouth. In 1873 his parents returned to London, where they sent Zangwill to the Jews' Free School at Spitalfields, London. He received a BA with triple honours from the University of London. He published his first literary work, a short story in the journal Society. His first novel, The Premier and the Painter, appeared in 1888. From 1888 to 1926 Zangwill wrote many novels and plays including, The Big Bow Mystery, 1891, Children of the Ghetto: A study of a Peculiar People, 1892-1893 and the play We Moderns, 1926. During his lifetime, Zangwill also worked as a teacher, a lawyer and editor of the journal Ariel. Zangwill was involved in the Zionist movement. In 1904 he founded the Jewish Territorial Organisation. He also became the president of several Jewish cultural organisations including the Jewish Historical Society of England and the Jewish Drama League. He wrote pamphlets and addressed meetings in America, Europe and Israel on Jewish life and politics. Zangwill died on 1 August 1926 at his home in Midhurst, Sussex.

Zaloni Tea Estates Limited was registered in 1910 to acquire Zaloni Tea Co Limited (registered in 1907 in India). Harrisons and Crosfield Limited (CLC/B/112) became secretaries and agents of the company in 1954. In 1976 the company was acquired by Warren Plantation Holdings Limited.

Born 1887, Ostrowo (now Ostrów Wielkopolski, Poland), into Jewish family; went to school in Berlin, 1897; joined university, 1906, including a year of military service; qualified as a junior lawyer, 1909; fully qualified as solicitor, 1913; called up, 1914, was NCO throughout war (due in part to anti semitism); sent to unit in Rostock, Baltic coast; sent to Western Front, 1914 Dec; joined unit on Eastern Front, 1915 Oct, served in Russia and along Hungarian-Rumanian border; discharged from army, 1918 Sep 9; promoted to Lieutenant 2 days later; practised as solicitor, 1918-1941; held for 24 hours in concentration camp after events of Kristallnacht, 1938; emigrated to USA, via France, Spain, Portugal, and Guatemala, 1941; settled in San Francisco, became an advocate for emigrants seeking restitution from the German government; died 1967.

Andrew Yule and Company of Calcutta and George Yule and Company of London were founded in the 1860s by Andrew and George Yule. The main business was the merchant house in Calcutta for which George Yule and Company acted as the London agency. In September 1911 George Yule and Company established a credit account with Morgan Grenfell and Company and the link between the businesses was further established in 1916 when Sir David Yule proposed that Morgan Grenfell and Company take over both Andrew Yule and Company and George Yule and Company. Thomas Catto was approached to run the firms and in 1920 George Yule and Company became Yule, Catto and Company Limited. Andrew Yule and Company also became Andrew Yule and Company Limited. Morgan Grenfell and Company held shares in Yule, Catto and Company Limited until 1934 when they were sold to individual partners in Morgan Grenfell and Company.

The company had various City addresses: 8 Leadenhall Street 1871; 81 & 82 Palmerston Buildings, 9 Bishopsgate 1872-88; 19 Great Winchester Street 1889-1907; Finsbury House, Blomfield Square 1908-30; and 7 Great Winchester House 1931-6.

Born, Scotland, 1940; BSc, Psychology, University of Aberdeen, 1962; diploma in clinical psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, 1963; Scientific Officer Medical Research Council, 1963-1964; Research Officer, Department of Child Development, University of London Institute of Education working on educational and medical survey of schoolchildren, Isle of Wight, under Professor Jack Tizard, 1965-1968; Lecturer in Child Development, Institute of Education, 1968-1969; Lecturer in Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, University of London, 1968-1969; appointed Honorary Principal Psychologist, Bethlem Royal and Maudsley Hospital, 1973; Senior Lecturer in Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, 1973-1980; also Senior Lecturer in Child Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, 1974-1980; appointed Honorary Top Grade Psychologist, Bethlem Royal and Maudsley Hospital, 1979; Reader in Applied Child Psychology, 1980-1987; Professor of Applied Child Psychology, 1987-2005; Co-Director, School for Life project, Kiev, Ukraine, 1993-2002; Lead Clinician, National and Specialist division, Children's Directorate of South London and Maudsley NHS Trust; 1999-2003; Honorary Consultant in Clinical Psychology to the Army, 2000; Lecturer in Clinical Psychology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2008-.

Lady Yule, the wife of Sir David Yule (d 1928), a wealthy Calcutta jute merchant, commissioned the yacht to be built in 1929 by John Brown of Clydebank. In 1930 Lady Yule and her daughter embarked on a world cruise in the NAHLIN and they stayed in New Zealand, Australia and Miami from 1931 to 1934.

Born 1910; educated Hackney Downs School, London, Chelsea Polytechnic, Christ's College, Cambridge, and London Hospital; Researcher in Biochemical Laboratory, Cambridge, 1931-1936; Benn Levy research student, 1933-1935; Grocers' Company research scholar, 1938-1939; Researcher in Nutritional Laboratory, Cambridge, 1938-1943; Sir Halley Stewart Research Fellow, 1940-1943; Director of Medical Studies, Christ's College, Cambridge, 1940-1943; Professor of Physiology, Queen Elizabeth College, London, 1945-1954; responsible for the introduction of first comprehensive university courses leading to Bachelor and Master degrees in Nutrition, 1953; Professor of Nutrition, Queen Elizabeth College, London, 1954-1971; William Julius Mickle fellow for Medical Research, London University, 1961-1962; retired 1971; Emeritus Professor, 1971, and Fellow, Queen Elizabeth College, London, 1976; Leverhulme Emeritus Research Fellow, 1982-1983; Chairman, Food Group, Society of Chemical Industry; Member of Board of Governors, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, (Honorary Fellow, 1993); died 1995.

Publications: This slimming business (MacGibbon and Kee, London, 1958); editor of Our changing fare: two hundred years of British food habits (MacGibbon and Kee, London, 1966); Pure, white and deadly: the problem of sugar (Davis-Poynter, London, 1972); The complete slimmer (MacGibbon and Kee, London, 1964); The slimmer's cookbook (MacGibbon and Kee, London, 1961); editor of Changing food habits (MacGibbon and Kee, London, 1964); This nutrition business (Teach Yourself Books, Sevenoaks, 1977); Eat well, slim well (Collins and Davis-Poynter, London, 1982); editor of Diet of man: needs and wants (Applied Science Publishers, London, [1978]); Eating for a healthy heart: explaining the `French paradox' with Sara Stanner (BBC, London, 1996); The sensible person's guide to weight control (Smith-Gordon, 1990); The Penguin encyclopedia of nutrition (Viking, Harmondsworth, 1985); A-Z of slimming (Davis-Poynter, London, 1977).

The philanthropist Quintin Hogg (1845-1903) aimed to provide for the social, educational, spiritual and physical needs of young men, and later of young women. Consequently, the institutions which he founded (the Youths' Christian Institute and its successors, the Young Men's Christian Institute and Polytechnic Institute, later Regent Street Polytechnic) came to include a large number of clubs and societies. Many of these became very successful and attracted a much wider membership than did Polytechnic courses. Hogg undoubtedly saw all these activities as equal parts of a single entity, but many constitutional and organisational changes followed his death, as a result of which the educational activities, supported by public funding, became predominant. The relations between the surviving clubs and the Polytechnic have therefore become more complex and are sometimes unclear. Broadly, the term Polytechnic Institute, in the early 20th century used to describe the whole institution, came to describe the social and sports clubs, as distinct from the 'educational side'.

The largest clubs were for sporting activities, including football, cricket, boxing, rugby, basketball, fencing, rowing, and water polo, amongst others. In their heyday the Polytechnic Cycling Club and the Polytechnic Harriers were among the largest and most successful clubs in the country. Hogg provided in the Regent Street premises - acquired in 1882 - a gymnasium and (opened in 1884) a swimming bath-cum-reading room. There was also a rifle range. Hogg also bought the first boat house in 1888, and provided 27 acres at Merton, where cricket, football and athletics took place. The 40-acre Memorial Ground at Chiswick, bought by public donation following Hogg's death in 1903, opened in 1906. A stadium was added in 1938. Hogg was succeeded as President of the Polytechnic in 1903 by the cricketer J E K Studd (Sir Kynaston Studd). The Studd trophy was presented annually to the best athlete from any club. A number of self-improvement societies existed in the early days, including the Polytechnic Parliament, the Mutual Improvement Society, and a Reading Circle. There were religious groups, and many clubs continued the founder's tradition of good works, for example the Christmas dinner fund providing food parcels for poor families in Marylebone. Clubs would combine to present concerts and pantomimes; for many years there was a New Year fete which presented all aspects of Polytechnic activity. In addition, clubs and social groups were formed by the various educational courses. There were a number of old members' groups, as those once actively involved in different groups wanted to continue their connection with the Polytechnic.

The relationship between the Polytechnic and the clubs had to be redefined in 1970, when Regent Street Polytechnic became the Polytechnic of Central London (PCL). Property which did not pass directly to PCL, including the Quintin Hogg Memorial Ground at Chiswick, came to be managed by Trustees. Some of the clubs survive into the present day as open clubs retaining links with the University of Westminster; some retain the name Polytechnic. Following the Education Reform Act (1988), which began the process by which PCL became the University of Westminster in 1992, further constitutional changes were made. In 1989 the Institute of Polytechnic Sports and Social Clubs was established to represent the interests of the members and liaise with PCL and, after 1992, the University of Westminster. This continues to exist, although membership is very much smaller than in former times.

The Youth's Christian Institute (later known as the Young Men's Christian Institute) grew out of York Place Ragged School, which had been founded in 1864 by the philanthropist and educationist Quintin Hogg (1845-1903). Hogg founded the Institute in 1873 (some sources wrongly given the date as 1871) to provide for the needs of older, working boys who were evidently reluctant to break their connection with the School. It was in this period that Hogg developed his vision for providing for the athletic, intellectual, social and religious needs of young men which later characterised the polytechnic movement. The initial premises were between Endell Street and Castle Street, which it shared with the Ragged School, but it outgrew these, having increased its membership to some 300, and in 1878 removed to larger premises in nearby Long Acre. Membership fees paid for free use of a library, social rooms, gymnasium and entertainments for members; a small additional fee was required from students for technical classes. Non-members paid larger fees. Robert Mitchell (1855-1933), the Institute's honorary secretary, agreed to become the full-time Secretary. A more ambitious programme of classes was instituted: Science and Art classes began in 1878. A savings bank was also inaugurated. Soon there were 500 members and a year-long waiting list. A monthly magazine, Home Tidings (from 1888 The Polytechnic Magazine), was started in 1879. Hogg's search for larger premises identified a suitable site in St Martin's Lane, but in 1882 he instead purchased the lease and equipped and enlarged no 309 Regent Street, which provided much larger premises than Long Acre. The building had until 1881 housed the Royal Polytechnic Institution, which failed in that year. It became known as the Polytechnic Young Men's Christian Institute. The premises at Long Acre were closed. Hogg was its President, and Robert Mitchell its Secretary and, from 1891, the Director of Education. From 1882 an expanded programme of classes began, including science and art classes held in conjunction with the Science and Art Department (of the Board of Trade), and a scheme of technical and trade education, related to the City and Guilds of London Institute of Technical Instruction and to the London Trades Council. The building housed classrooms, a swimming bath, gymnasium, and a refreshment room. Activities included debating and gymnastics. By 1888 membership was 4,200, in addition to 7,300 students, and over 200 classes were held weekly; concerts, lectures, and an annual industrial exhibition were also held. Membership was open to those aged between 16 and 25. A Young Women's Branch, housed in separate premises in Langham Place, was also begun. In the early 1880s the Institute attracted much favourable attention from the technical education lobby. Following the City of London Parochial Charities Act in 1883, it became clear that funds would be available to endow the Polytechnic and to found and support institutions on the same model across London. A public appeal was launched in 1888 to raise the required matching funding. The Scheme was finalised under the auspices of the Charity Commissioners in 1891, when the Institute was reconstituted as Regent Street Polytechnic, managed by a newly created governing body.

Sir Francis Edward Younghusband was born, 1863; educated Clifton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst; commissioned in the 1st (King's) dragoon guards, 1882; stationed at Meerut, India, 1882; travelled through Manchuria with Evan James; spent seven months crossing the Gobi Desert to Hami, and over the Himalaya via Kashgar and the Muztagh Pass to Kashmir, 1887; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1886-1942, lectured there and received the Founder's Medal, 1887; trekked in the border zones of British India, Russia, China, and Afghanistan, 1889-1891; political officer in Hunza, Aug 1892; political agent in Chitral, 1893-1894; Times correspondent with the Chitral relief force, 1895; Times correspondent in Rhodesia and Transvaal, 1895-1897; returned to India, 1898; political agent at Deoli, 1899; resident in Indore, 1902; leader of a mission to Tibet to establish British political and commercial interest, and to survey the region, 1903-1904; returned to central Asia as resident in Kashmir, 1906; retired to England where he joined the Conservative general election campaign, 1910; chair of the Mount Everest committee formed by the RGS, and president, 1919-1922; founder and later vice-president of the Royal Central Asian Society, 1934-1942; chairman of the India Society; died 1942.

Sir George John Younghusband was born 1859; joined Army 1878; Afghanistan 1879-1880; Sudan 1885; North West Frontier, India 1886; Burma 1886-1887; Chitral Relief Force 1895; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1897-1928; Spanish-American War, Philippines 1898; South African War 1899-1902; Mohmand expedition, North West Frontier, India 1908; Staff College 1911; World War One, 1914-1917; Div Commander, Indian Army 1916; retired 1917; died, 1944.

Born 1902; educated privately; social worker in South and East London, 1924-1929; student at the London School of Economics and Political Science, 1926-1929; Lecturer, LSE, 1929-1939 and 1944-1957; Principal Officer for Employment and Training, National Association of Girls' Clubs, 1939-1944; Director of British Council Social Welfare Courses, 1942-1944; Member, McNair Committee, 1943; Member, Departmental Committee on Social Workers in the Mental health Services, 1948; Member, Committee of Enquiry into the Law and Practice Relating to Charitable Trusts; Chairman, Ministry of Health Working Party on Social Workers in the Health and Welfare Services, 1959; Adviser, National Institute for Social Work Training, 1961-1967; President, International Association of Schools of Social Work, 1961-1968; Member, Committee on the Probation Service, 1962; DBE, 1964; member of various committees for penal reform, child care, youth service, care of old people, family welfare, social studies and international social work; René Sand Award, International Council on Social Welfare, 1976; Chairman, Hammersmith Juvenile Court; died 1981. Publications: The education and training of social workers (Carnegie UK Trust, 1947); Social work in Britain (Carnegie UK Trust, 1951); Social work and social change (London, 1964); Social work in Britain, 1950-1975: a follow-up study (Allen and Unwin, London, 1978); The newest profession: a short history of social work (Community Care, Sutton, 1981).

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

Court rolls are documents (originally a 'roll' of parchment) on which all the business of a manorial court were recorded, including decisions relating to property ownership including admissions to and surrenders of land and proof of the right of ownership.

From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".

A deed is any document affecting title, that is, proof of ownership, of the land in question. The land may or may not have buildings upon it. Common types of deed include conveyances, mortgages, bonds, grants of easements, wills and administrations.

From the British Records Association "Guidelines 3 - Interpreting Deeds: How To Interpret Deeds - A Simple Guide And Glossary".

The partnership agreement was formed between Charles Vernon Young, of 49 Stoke Newington Road, London, and Walter Edward Windsor, 37 Jewry Street, City of London. Their business was to be based at at 49 Stoke Newington Road, Stoke Newington, Hackney, and the agreement was for the partnership to be maintained for 14 years.

Foreign Secretaries of the Royal Society:

17 June 1784 Charles Peter Layard

22 March 1804 Thomas Young M.D.

30 November 1830 Charles Konig

30 November 1837 Captain William Henry Smyth, R.N.

30 November 1839 John Frederic Daniell

1 December 1845 Lieutenant Colonel Edward Sabine

30 November 1850 Captain William Henry Smyth R.N.

Thomas Young was born in Milverton on 13 June 1773. He showed great learning ability from a young age and by the age of 18 was recognised as a classical scholar. In 1792 he started studying for the medical profession, and he was created a Doctor of Physic in July 1796. In 1797 he went to Emmanuel College Cambridge and by 1799 he was practising as a physician in London. In 1801 he was appointed Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution, where he delivered many lectures, which were published in 1807. He resigned the Professorship in July 1803 as his friends considered the duties interfered with Young's prospects as a physician. In 1802 he was appointed Foreign Secretary to the Royal Society, a position he held until his death. In 1808 he took the degree of MD at Cambridge and in 1809 became a Fellow of the College of Physicians. In January 1811 he was elected Physician to St George's Hospital in London, retaining the position until his death. In 1814 Young retired from the practice of a physician, having been appointed Inspector of Calculations to the Palladium Insurance Company. In the next two years he published several papers dealing with life assurance. Young died on 10 May 1829. Throughout his life he was interested in and contributed to medicine, science, languages, literature and Egyptology.

Born 1827; joined the merchant service, 1842; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1857-1915; volunteered for the Franklin search expedition of Captain Francis L McClintock, 1857-1860, and was sailing-master of the Fox during the voyage and commander of a sledge party, Feb-July, 1859, discovering 400 miles of new coast. Commanded an expedition to survey a route for a cable telegraph under the Atlantic ocean by way of Iceland and Greenland, 1860; assisted Admiral Sherard Osborn in equipping the Chinese navy and captain of the man-of-war Kwangtung during the Taiping rebellion, 1862-1864; attempted the northwest passage, and endeavoured to find the records of the lost Franklin expedition on King William's Land, in his yacht Pandora, 1875; refitted the Pandora for a second voyage with the same object and landed dispatches for Nares at Cape Isabella and Littleton Island, 1876; commanded the whaler Hope, chartered with government help, in order to search for the explorer, Benjamin Leigh Smith, 1882; died, 1915.

No further information at present.

Born, 1907; educated, Wells House, Malvern Wells; Magdalen College, Oxford, 1925-1928; tutor and zoologist, Magdalen College, Oxford, 1929-1945; Vice-President of Magdalen, 1943; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1945; Chair of Human Anatomy at University College, London, 1945-1974; President and Vice-President of the Marine Biological Association of Great Britain; retired 1974; continued to conduct research work at the Wellcome Foundation and later, in the Psychology Department, Oxford; died, 1997.

Publications: The Life of Vertebrates (1950)

The Life of Mammals (1957)

Born, 1920; commissioned into Royal Artillery as 2 Lieutenant, 1939; Lieutenant, 1941; held in Oflag V11B POW camp, Germany, 1943-1945; Captain, 1946; Major, 1952; joined Royal Army Pay Corps as Paymaster, 1957; took a Long Finance and Accountancy Course, Royal Army Pay Corps training centre; Lieutenant Colonel, 1967; Staff Paymaster, 1 Grade, Army Department, MOD, 1970-1972; retired, 1972; died, 1997.

Gavin Young's publications include: Observations on the law of population: being an attempt to trace its effects from the conflicting theories of Malthus and Sadler (London, 1832); Reflections on the present state of British India (London, 1829).

Arthur Young was born in London and educated at Lavenham, Suffolk. After attempts at working in commerce and in publishing, he took up farming on the family estate as Bradfield Hall, Suffolk. He became a successful farmer on several properties, was appointed to the Board of Agriculture in 1793, and wrote several books on farming and agricultural methods. He also travelled widely and the published accounts of his journeys through Britain, Ireland and France contain much social and political observation.

The Earl of Hardwicke featured in these documents was Philip Yorke, the 3rd Earl (1757-1834).

Charles Yorke entered Parliament in 1790 and was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty in 1810, holding office until his resignation through ill-health in 1812.

York Place Ragged School was founded in 1864 by the philanthropist and educationist Quintin Hogg (1845-1903), inspired by his observation of the poor in London. With Arthur Fitzgerald Kinnaird (1847-1923, later 11th Baron Kinnaird), he rented rooms in York Place (formerly Of Alley), off the Strand, for a boys' school, initially a day school, which subsequently began to open in the evenings. Hogg was himself involved in teaching the boys. Another of Hogg's Eton friends, the Hon Thomas Henry William Pelham (1847-1916), was also involved in its inception. The Strand premises were gradually expanded, and a boys' home opened in 1866. The school was associated with a mission room. Later initiatives also catered for girls. By 1869 the institution had more spacious premises at Castle Street, Long Acre. York Place was retained as a home for young women. Hogg, who was engaged in various philanthropic and educational enterprises, also founded the Youths' Christian Institute (later known as the Young Men's Christian Institute). The removal of this Institute to larger premises in Long Acre in 1878 marked its separation from the Ragged School, which ceased when the Board Schools made such institutions less necessary. The missionary work and boys' homes continued under others, but Hogg himself was increasingly absorbed with his Institute.

The York Mineral Water Company Limited, of York Road, Brentford, London, was incorporated in February 1898. It was taken over by Barclay Perkins in October 1954. Operations were taken over by Camwal Limited in May 1955. The company was in voluntary liquidation in 1964.

This company was established in 1834 as the York and North of England Fire and Life Insurance Company; it was renamed in 1838 at which time it had offices in London at 82 King William Street.

In 1842, at which date it was styled as York and London British and Foreign Assurance Office, it transferred its fire business to Imperial Fire Insurance Company. In 1844 its life business was merged with Standard Life Assurance Company.

Imperial Fire was taken over by Alliance Assurance Company which merged with Sun Insurance in 1959.

Alfred Yockney (1878-1963) aka A Y, was primarily associated with West End picture galleries and art publishers throughout his career. However, in July 1916, he joined Wellington House and moved to the British War Memorials Committee as Secretary in February 1918. When the BMC was dissolved he was transferred to the Imperial War Museum on 1 January 1919 'to carry the erstwhile Museum of Information art memorial scheme to its conclusion'; his work being the supervision of the official artists and the organisation of the collection of works of art. He was appointed to the Museum's Art Sub-committee on 31 December 1919. However, Yockney soon tired of the endless battles with the Services committees at the Museum, and after successfully organising the National War Art Exhibition at the Royal Academy in December 1920, he resigned. Following his stint at the Museum, he returned to the commercial world first to Colnaghi's and then to Dunthorne's of Vigo Street; the print and etching gallery. As well as curating, writing articles for art periodicals and editing 'Art Journal', Yockney was also one of the directors of the Art Exhibitions Bureau; a precursor to CEMA and the Arts Council.

Born, 1835; Joint Professor of Medicine (with Dr Duffin) at King's College Hospital, London; died, 1914.

John Yellowly was born 30 April 1774 at Alnwick, Northumberland. He was educated locally before studying medicine at Edinburgh, where he graduated MD on 12 September 1796.

He was admitted a Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians in September 1800 and, at about that time, was elected physician to the General Dispensary. Yellowly was an active figure in establishing the Medico-Chirurgical Society of London in 1805 (which became the Royal Society of Medicine in 1907), and remained interested in the affairs of the Society throughout his life.

In September 1807 he was elected physician to the London Hospital. As well as a good practitioner and chemist, he was `a person of considerable scientific attainments' (Munk's Roll, 1878, p.471). Yellowly was a Fellow of the Royal and of the Geological Societies.

In 1818 he resigned his office at the London Hospital and left London to settle in Norwich. In 1820 he was appointed physician to the Norfolk and Norwich hospital. In 1832 Yellowly retired from the practice of his profession and withdrew to Woodton Hall, Norfolk, and then to Cavendish Hall.

He died at Cavendish Hall on 31 January 1842, aged 67.

Publications:
Remarks on the Tendency to Calculous Diseases, with Observations on the Nature of Urinary Concretions; and an Analysis of a Large Part of the Collection Belonging to the Norwich and Norfolk Hospital (London, 1829; sequel, London 1830)
Observations on the Arrangements Connected with the Relief of the Sick Poor, in a Letter to Lord John Russell (London, 1837)

Rose Lamartine Yates (1875-1954) was born in Brixton in 1875 to French parents. She studied at Clapham and Truro High Schools, at Kassel and finally at the Sorbonne. Yates studied modern languages at Royal Holloway College in 1896, but did not complete the course, though she did pass the Oxford final honours examination in modern languages and philology. She met her husband, Tom Lamartine Yates, a solicitor, through the Cyclists Touring Club in 1900. In 1907, Rose was elected as its first woman member, stating during the election process that she was not a suffragette. In 1909, she joined the committee of the Wimbledon branch of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), becoming its treasurer and organising secretary in 1910. The Wimbledon branch of the WSPU were renowned for their militant suffrage campaigns. Yates took the step of maintaining her right of free speech on Wimbledon Common after the Home Secretary attempted to prevent public meetings being held in open spaces by drafting in 300 policemen. The start of the First World War saw the Wimbledon branch converting its offices into Distress Kitchens of which Rose was Treasurer. This was followed by the opening of another soup kitchen in Merton. After the fragmentation of the WSPU, Yates became a committee member of a new organisation 'Suffragettes of the WSPU'. Yates was responsible, together with Una Dugdale Duval, for establishing the Suffragette Record Room that opened in 1939.

No information was available at the time of compilation.

John Yates was born in Bolton, in 1755. He became a Unitarian minister in Liverpool and was noted for his support of radical politics and opposition to slavery. He married Elizabeth Bostock, a doctor's widow, and they had eight children. His eldest son, Joseph Brooks Yates, became a well-known businessman and antiquary, and his fourth son, James Yates, followed him into the Unitarian ministry.

Yates entered the Royal School of Naval Architecture, South Kensington in 1871. His first appointment was as draughtsman and assistant foreman at HM Dockyard Portsmouth. In 1875 he was appointed supernumerary draughtsman at the Admiraly. Yates was then appointed foreman of Pembroke Dockyard 1878-1884. During this time, he was involved in the building of the turret battleship HMS EDINBURGH. In 1884 Yates became Principal Admiralty Overseer for the building of HMS BENBOW. On appointment to the rank of Constructor, Yates was appointed to Chatham Dockyard, where he remained until 1888, when he was transferred to Devonport Dockyard, being made Chief Constructor there in 1892. In 1892-93 he served as Admiralty Inspecting Officer, for the ships being fitted out for the "Special Service Squadron", under the Northbrook programme. In 1893 he was appointed Chief Constructor, Chatham Dockyard and then transferred to Portsmouth in 1895. During these years Yates launched 11 important vessels, including some built under the Fisher programme. In 1902 he was appointed Civil Assistant at Chatham and in 1906 he went to Glasgow as Senior Constructive Officer for the Clyde and Barrow districts. He retired in 1912, but was recalled to the Admiralty, 1916-1918, for special duties in connection with shipbuilding for World War One.

James Yates was born at Toxteth Park, near Liverpool, on 30 April 1789, the son of a minister. He went in 1805 to Glasgow University and in 1808 to Manchester College, followed by York College, to study Divinity. In 1810 he attended Edinburgh University, followed by Glasgow University again in 1811. He became the unordained minister of a Unitarian congregation in October 1811 and graduated MA from Glasgow in 1812. With Thomas Southwood Smith, he founded the Scottish Unitarian Association in 1813. He published his Vindication of Unitarianism in 1815. In 1817 he succeeded Joshua Toulmin as colleague to John Kentish at the new meeting, Birmingham, a post which he resigned at the end of 1825, and for a time left the ministry. In 1827 he spent a semester at the University of Berlin, as a student of classical philology. He was elected a Fellow of the Geological Society, 1819; Linnean Society, 1822; Royal Society, 1831; and appointed secretary to the Council of the British Association, 1831. In the same year he was elected a trustee of Dr Williams's foundations (resigned 1861). In 1832 he succeeded John Scott Porter as minister of Carter Lane Chapel, Doctors' Commons, London. He issued in 1833 proposals for an organisation of the Unitarian congregations of Great Britain on the Presbyterian model: the plan did not come to fruition. Soon after 1836 he left the ministry and, being unordained, became a lay minister. His interest in denominational history and controversy was unabated. Yates contributed much material to Sir William Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, published in 1842, and numerous papers on archaeological subjects to the learned societies of London and Liverpool. He died at Lauderdale House, Highgate, on 7 May 1871, and was buried at Highgate cemetery. In his will he left endowments for Chairs at University College London.

James Yates was born in Liverpool and educated at the Universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh, and at Manchester College in York. Like his father, John Yates, he became a Unitarian minister (though unordained), working in Glasgow, Birmingham and London. He was also known as a scholar, active in diverse fields including geology, archaeology and classical philology.

James Yates was born at Toxteth Park, near Liverpool, on 30 April 1789, the son of a minister. He went in 1805 to Glasgow University and in 1808 to Manchester College, followed by York College, to study Divinity. In 1810 he attended Edinburgh University, followed by Glasgow University again in 1811. He became the unordained minister of a Unitarian congregation in October 1811 and graduated MA from Glasgow in 1812. With Thomas Southwood Smith, he founded the Scottish Unitarian Association in 1813. He published his 'Vindication of Unitarianism' in 1815. In 1817 he succeeded Joshua Toulmin as colleague to John Kentish at the new meeting, Birmingham, a post which he resigned at the end of 1825, and for a time left the ministry. In 1827 he spent a semester at the University of Berlin, as a student of classical philology. He was elected a Fellow of the Geological Society, 1819; Linnean Society, 1822; Royal Society, 1831; and appointed secretary to the Council of the British Association, 1831. In the same year he was elected a trustee of Dr Williams' foundations (resigned 1861). In 1832 he succeeded John Scott Porter as minister of Carter Lane Chapel, Doctors' Commons, London. He issued in 1833 proposals for an organisation of the Unitarian congregations of Great Britain on the Presbyterian model: the plan did not come to fruition. Soon after 1836 he left the ministry and, being unordained, became a lay minister. His interest in denominational history and controversy was unabated. Yates contributed much material to Sir William Smith's 'Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities', published in 1842, and numerous papers on archaeological subjects to the learned societies of London and Liverpool. He died at Lauderdale House, Highgate, on 7 May 1871, and was buried at Highgate cemetery. In his will he left endowments for Chairs at University College London.