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Born,1808, educated University of Edinburgh, from 1826, pupil, prosector and demonstrator, Old Surgeon's Hall, Edinburgh, under the anatomist Dr Robert Knox, 1828; surgeon, Edinburgh Royal Dispensary, 1831-1836; surgeon, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, 1836-1840; Fellow, Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, 1829; Fellow, Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1836; appointed Professor of Surgery, King's College London, and surgeon, King's College Hospital, 1840, Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1840, Fellow, 1844, Vice-President, 1869, President, 1870, Hunterian Orator, 1871; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1848, President of the British Medical Association, 1873; Surgeon in Ordinary to Albert, Prince Consort of Queen Victoria, 1849; Surgeon Extraordinary to Queen Victoria, 1855; Sergeant Surgeon, 1867; resigned as Professor of Surgery, King's College, 1870; died, 1877.
Publications: Case of aneurism of the insominata (Edinburgh, 1841); Account of the dissection of a patient in whom the subclavian artery had been tied for axillary aneurism (Edinburgh, 1841); A system of practical surgery (Edinburgh, 1841); The introductory lecture delivered at King's College, London, on opening the medical session of 1848-49 (London, 1848); Lectures on the progress of anatomy and surgery during the present century (London and Edinburgh, 1867); The Hunterian Oration for 1871 (London, 1871).