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Articles and letters by various authors relating to Australlia, including Papua New Guinea, sent to the Royal Geographical Society for publication in its Journals, 1830-1952. The articles were often sent to referees and their reports are often to be found with the article, in some cases the referee report has been retained even though the article has been returned to the author.

Articles and letters by various authors relating to North America, sent to the Royal Geographical Society for publication in its Journals, 1830-1952. The articles were often sent to referees and their reports are often to be found with the article, in some cases the referee report has been retained even though the article has been returned to the author.

Articles and letters by various authors relating to Central America, including the Caribbean, sent to the Royal Geographical Society for publication in its Journals, 1833-1944. The articles were often sent to referees and their reports are often to be found with the article, in some cases the referee report has been retained even though the article has been returned to the author.

Articles and letters by various authors relating to the Near and Middle East including Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan and Turkey, sent to the Royal Geographical Society for publication in its Journals, 1830-1958. The articles were often sent to referees and their reports are often to be found with the article, in some cases the referee report has been retained even though the article has been returned to the author.

Letters addressed to William Buckland (DD, FRS, Dean of Westminster and Reader in Mineralogy and Geology in University of Oxford) and other posthumous correspondence relating to his work.

Kew Observatory Sunspot measurements from 24 January 1864 to 9 April 1872.

Plans and surveys of the Royal Society's lands at Acton and Mablethorpe.

A small notebook containing parliamentary and other speeches.

Inspectors' Visitation of the Royal Society Library, 1768-1769 and 1777.

Notebooks and papers of Benjamin Robins, consisting of a miscellaneous notebook primarily on gunnery and fortification (MS 39), a commonplace book (MS 46), a box of miscellaneous papers (MS 130) and a letter to Martin Folkes enclosing a written message from the Chevalier Ossorio, Envoy from the King of Sardinia, on the proper charge of cannon (MS 139).

A list of presents to the Royal Society, 1831-1849.

A list of objects presented to the Royal Society Museum, 1744-1779.

Written in England. Contains the curious characters known as the Boetian contractions, and is a valuable document for the history of arithmetic. The treatise commences on the Roman abacal system, and afterwards proceeds to give an explanation of the Eastern Boetian system with altered characters, and with a complete adoption of the advantages of local position. In Folio 2, recto, line 5, the author says that he will expound 'quaedam de numerorum scientia. regulis uidelicet algorismi' and on Folio 3, verso, he refers to Pithagoras, Nicomachus, Apuleius and Boethius. The text ends on the first line of Folio 34, recto, and is followed by eight lines in a semi-current 13th century hand.

Folio 1, recto ' Prefatio sequentis operis. Vt ait salomon.. punge oculum. et profert lacrimam. punge cor' et profert sensum.....'

Folio 4, verso ' De impari numero..'

Folio 6, verso, line 6, ' Divisio algorismi '. The divisions are given as folows; ' digitus, mediato, multiplicatio, divisio '

Folio 8, recto, title in red in margin, ' Qualiter digitus multiplicat digitum '

Folio 9, recto, line 15 ' Qualiter articulus multiplicatur per articulum '

Folio 9, verso, line 13, heading in red, ' Qualiter digitus multiplicat articulum '

Folio 10, recto, line 10, heading in red, ' Qualiter compositus per compositum multiplicatur '

Folio 10, verso, heading in margin, ' Qualiter compositus multiplicat compositum non eundem habens articulum '

Folio 11, recto, bottom line, heading in red ' Regulo ab uno inequalibus '

Folio 12, recto, line 6, heading in red, ' Regula ab uno in equalibus binario adjecto '

Folio 12, verso, line 8, heading in red ' De duplicatione '

Folio 13, recto, line 5, heading in red, ' De pari adjecto '

Folio 13, verso, line 6, heading in red, ' De impari adjecto '

Folio 14, verso, heading in margin, ' De proposito secundum novenarium dispositum '

Folio 15, recto, line 7-8, heading in red, ' De significationibus et nominibus figarum et locorum '
Transcript extract from line 14 ' Prima itaque omnium est igin. 1. id est unitas. Secunda andras. 2. id est binarius. Tercia ormis. 3. id est ternarius. Quarta arbas. 4. id est quaternarius. Quinta quimas. 5. id est quinarius. Sexta caltis. 6. id est senarius. Septima zemis. 7. id est septenarius. octava celentis. 8. id est octonarius. Nona cemenias. 9. id est novenarius. Singule ataque figure in quocumque loco sint sui ipsius exprimunt significationem. Nunquam enim figura unitatis officium binarii sibi usurpabit, nec binarius ternarii, nec ternarius quaternarii, nec quelibet ceterarum quod alter significare poterit. Ad majorem itaque evidentiam significationes locorum ponamus. primo ita loco posita igin seipsam, id es unitatem, significat. Secundo denarium. Tercio centenarium. Quarto millenarium. Quinto decem milia. Sexto centum milia. Septimo mille milia. Decimo mille mille milia. Undecimo decies milies mille milia. Duodecimo centies milies mille milia. Terciodecimo milies milies mille milia, et sic usque in infinitam singulorum decuplationem locorum extenditur. Similiter autem et andras rimo loco seipsam, id est binarium, significat. Secundo xx. Tercio cc. Quarto duo milia. Quinto xx. Sexto cc. Septima mm. et sic per cetera loca eodem cemate et cetere figure secundum propriam differentiam decuplabutn singulos articulos per loca singula. Est adhucet decima figura cujus nulla significatio est, sed tamen per loca disposita ceterarum significationes auget vel minuit. Dicitur autemzifera, et taliter depingitur 0. Sciendum autem quod omnes figure versus sinistram scribi debent, quia sic vim extendunt. Sed e converso literali ordine legi. '

Folio 17, verso, line 6, heading in red, ' De subtractione'

Folio 18, verso, line 8, heading in red, 'De dupli``catione'.

'Descriptio Itineris Alpini, Annis 1703, 1704 et 1705, per summas Helvetiae et totius Europae Alpes facti, a J Jacobo Scheuchzero, MD, Mathescos Professore Societatum Leopoldinae et Regiarum Anglicae et Prussiacae Membro'. Descriptions of journeys in the Alps by J J Scheuchzer, in four volumes:

Volume 1, 60 ff and 23 sheets of drawings

Volume 2, 109 ff and 39 sheets of drawings

Volume 3, 25 ff and 12 sheets of drawings

Volume 4, 279 ff and 13 sheets of drawings.

Correspondence, agendas, memos, drafts and printed reports on topics investigated by the Food (War) Committee of the Royal Society, and the day to day committee business.

Papers on mathematics and physics collected by the Reverend Samuel Horsley DD, FRS.

Papers relating to the 250th Anniversary of the Incorporation of the Royal Society consisting of two separately bound addresses from the University of Paris and the University of Parma, a box of addresses from Europe other than the United Kingdom, Japan, USA, and the British Empire; a box of addresses from the United Kingdom; and a box of other miscellaneous papers.

A dictionary (Italian/English) of Italian proverbs rendered into English, by Benjamin Polsted. A-I only.

Astronomical tracts with observations by Tycho Brahe and others including:

1. Tychonis Brahe observationes cometae AD 1585 (folio 1)

2. Ejusdem observationes cometae AD 1590 (folio 10)

3. Ejusdem observationes cometae AD 1596 (folio 18)

4. Observations astronomiques faites a la ville de Cartagene des Indes par le Colonel Don Juan de Herrara et Sotomayor (accompanied with a letter to Dr Halley, dated Cartgena des Indes 12 July 1723) Several of these observations have since been published in the Memoirs de l'Academie des Sciences de Paris 1729 page 361, 362-363, 367 (Folio 23).

5. Observationes astronomiques pour la longitude de Cartagene des Indies faites avec le premier satellite de Jupiter l'annee 1723 (Folio 41);

6. Eclipses Solis et Lunae observatae...in oppido S S Cosmae et DamIani 1719-1726, a P Bonaventura Suarez S J (Folio 44); 7. Immersiones et Emersiones Satellitum Iovis observatae in oppido S S Cosmae et Damiani 1720-1726, a P Bonaventure Suarez S J (Folio 46).

Two tracts on acids by John McNab comprising:

1. Experiments on Mineral Acids and Rectified Spirits of Wine, for finding the greatest degree of cold.

2. Experiments on the Congelation of Vitriolic and Nitrous Acids in Hudson's Bay.

Extensive correspondence of Sir Joseph Larmor relating to his work on electromagnetic theory, optics, analytical mechanics, and geodynamics.

Horizontal pendulum records from the British National Antarctic Expedition 1901-1904.

Volume of programme and correspondence of the Darwin Commemoration including: Flyer for 'Darwin and Modern Science; Essays in commemoration of the centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and of the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of the "Origin of Species", 1909; Programme for the Darwin Commemoration by the University of Cambridge, 22-24 Ju 1909, 31 May 1909; Invitation to attend the commemoration of the centenary of Charles Darwin's birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of the 'Origin of Species', 1908; Invitation to attend the commemoration of the centenary of Charles Darwin's birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of the 'Origin of Species', 1908; Order of Proceedings in the Senate House, University of Cambridge, Wednesday 23 June 1909; List of delegates and other guests invited by the University of Cambridge for the Centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Publication of the Origin of Species 3 June 1909; List of delegates and other guests invited by the University of Cambridge for the Centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin and the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Publication of the Origin of Species, 19 June 1909; article in Cambridge University Reporter, 'The Darwin Celebration 1909',10 June 1909; Speeches as given by the Public Orator in presenting the several distinguished recipients of the Degree of Doctors of Science 'honoris causa', 1909; Information leaflet for visit to Charles Darwin's home at Down in Kent, 1909; Darwin Commemoration Banquet seating plan, University of Cambridge, 23 June 1909; Menu of A C Seward for Darwin Commemoration Banquet, 23 June 1909; Plan of tables for Darwin Celebration, Ladies Dinner at Newnham College, 23 June 1909; Menu for Darwin Celebration Ladies dinner, NewhamCollege, 23 June 1909; Speeches delivered at the Darwin Celebration Banquet, Cambridge, 23 June 1909; Speech celebrating Darwin's achievements given at Darwin Celebration Banquet, 23 June 1909; Newscutting of article on Darwin at Cambridge published in 'The Times' 12 February 1909; Article on Darwin Celebrations in Cambridge from 'Internationale Wochenschrift', 17 July 1909; Article by W T Hewett on Darwin celebrations at Cambridge published in 'The Nation' Vol 89, No 2398, 15 July 1909; Article on Charles Darwin and Cambridge pblished in 'Weekly News and Express', 25 June 1909; Article by J E Sandys listing the honorary degrees to be awarded on 22 June 1909 at Cambridge, 17 June 1909; Article on Darwin Centenary Celebrations at Cambridge - tributes from all nations, published in Cambridgeshire Weekly News, 25 June 1909; Article on 'The Foundation of the Origin of Species' published in the 'Morning Post', 24 June 1909; Article on Darwin Centenary International Celebration at Cambridge in 'Morning Post', 24 June 1909; Article on Darwin Centenary Celebrations Banquet published in 'Cambridge Daily News', 24 June 1909; Article on Darwin Centenary Celebrations at Cambridge published in 'London Daily News', 24 June 1909; Article on the Darwin Centenary celebrations at Cambridge, 24 June 1909; Article on Darwin Centenary celebrations, published in 'The Times', 25 June 1909; Article by C Bougle on Darwin Centenary celebrations published in 'La Depeche', 29 June 1909; Article by T E Hewett on Darwin Centenary celebrations at Cambridge published in 'The Evening Post, New York', 16 July 1909; and correspondence of A C Seward.

Papers of William Dines relating to his school years, his years at Benson, and correspondence relating to instruments and other matters with his sons.

Correspondence to and from James Sowerby and other family members from naturalists and collectors in Britain and abroad.

Manuscript volume of 'Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica', by Isaac Newton. Manuscript written out by Humphrey Newton, Isaac Newton's assistant and amanuensis, and annotated by Newton and Halley. Manuscript from which the First Edition was printed.

Council Attendance Book of Royal Society.

A notebook of the Clerk of the House of Lords.

Letters of Robert Were Fox to the Fox family.

Account by Francis Vernon of his travels through Greece, with numerous copies of old inscriptions and plates. Also a letter dated 15 July 1709 from Richard Mead to the Reverend Dr Chisull.

Corrected page proof of 'Interneurons; their origin, action, specificity, growth and plasticity' by George Adrian Horridge, published in London by Freeman.

Papers relating to Neil Hamilton Fairley including obituaries, personal reminiscences of him and correspondence relating to the erection of a memorial in Australia.

Papers of Alfred Gibbs Bourne including research notes, drawings and water-colour sketches of earthworms.

Papers of John Hall Gladstone including correspondence, essays and papers associated with the Gun Cotton Committee.

Papers of Thomas Muir comprising notebooks: a series of six loosely-bound collections of notes and drafts; 'Articles for Pogendorff VI', notes and first draft completed 1933; 'Oblong Arrays' material for paper 304 1-30, 31-60, 61-93 and 'Dunkel Notes', material for paper 305 1-30, 31-51.

Papers of Harry Bateman including three notebooks, two (numbered six and seven) containing notes from the lectures of E T Whittaker at Trinity College Cambridge 1903-1904; one containing formulae connected with the Legendre and Bessel functions, with Trinity examination paper 1880 and printed testimonial by Rutherford.

Correspondence, papers and notebooks including the dissertation 'The excitatory and inhibatory states in reflex action' by Edward George Tandy Liddell.

Correspondence relating to the Royal Grant of Apartments in Somerset House to the Royal Society by King George III including a copy of a memorandum by Albert, the Prince Consort, in 1851.

Correspondence relating to the Royal Society Library catalogues 1836-1838 by Stephen Potter Rigaut. Proof copy of 'Defense of the resolution for rejecting (omitting) Mr Panizzi's bibliographical notes from the catalogue of the Royal Society' and covering letter.

Two articles by Frank Philip Bowden entitled: 'A study of the physical and chemical phenomena associated with the rubbing and with the impact of solids' and 'A plan for the study of solids'. Both with various manuscript notes and appendicies, and both documents marked 'confidential' . Undated, but post 1944.

Three letters of application for Waynflete Professorship of Physiology, two of J N Langley and Charles Scott Sherington dated 1895; one undated from Francis Gotch.

Papers relating to the International Association of Academies including Generalplan zur Grundung einer internationalen Association der Akademien, 1899; Statuten der internationalen Assoziation der Akademien, 9-10 October 1899; Letter from J Larmor, Secretary of the Royal Society, to the President of the Council of the International Association of Academies, Imperial Academy of Sciences, Vienna 21 December 1905; Letter from Chevalier Edm. Marchal, Secretaire perpetuel de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, 16 May 1905; Letter from Robert Harrison, Assistant Secretary of the Royal Society to The President, Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna, 14 February 1906; Letter from J Gollancz, Secretary of the British Academy to Professor Victor von Lang, 26 February 1906; Letter from Robert Harrison to Professor Arthur Schuster FRS, 16 March 1906; Minutes of first sitting of General Assembly of the International Association of Academies, 29 May 1906; Minutes of the Committee meeting held on, 1 June 1906.

Notebook of John Tyndall 'Number II, Thermometer observations als Lusgen 7 October to 15 October'. No year.

Nominations for visiting professors to the Royal Society.

Declarations in lieu of charter oath by Royal Society Fellows.

Correspondence of John Palliser comprising letter to Dr Norton Shaw, 1856; letter to Charles Vaux, 1857; letter to W S W Vaux, 1863; copy of a letter to Charles Vaux, 1857; printed copy of a letter to his father, 17 Jul 1857; correspondence on Palliser including from Purser, Fairholme and Paterson; two photographs and Passes of the Rocky Mountains by J N Wallace, (1927).

Collection of news cuttings from American and English newspapers on African subjects, especially the Emin Pasha Expedition, made by Mrs Rose-Troup, 1889-1896.

Papers of John Thomas Baines including manuscript descriptions of four lithographs of South Africa; photocopies of two letters to Thornton, one dated 1859; typed list of 288 paintings owned by the RGS; catalogue and booklet of exhibitions of 1975; topographical notes of journey west from Zambesi and diary, May 1869-April 1870, missing since 1968.

Papers of Joseph Thompson, 1878-1901, comprising four observations files, 1879-1888, including: computations of observations made in Morocco, 1883-1884 and 1888; positions, altitudes and temperatures, Tanganyika 1879; barometric observations, Morocco, 1888; barometric and hypsometric observations, Kenya, 1883-1884; computations of observations made in Kenya, 1883-1884; journals: of East Africa, 1881-1893; North Africa, 1889 and the Nile, 1879; correspondence, 1878-1901, (Correspondence Blocks 1871-1880, 1881-1910 and 1911-1920) including 17 letters 1878-1880; printed copies of letters Mar and Nov 1882 and Feb 1883; letters from Taveta 4 Apr 1883 and from Mombasa 5 Jun [1883] on his journey to Kilimanjaro and retreat from Ngara; 8 letters, Dec 1882, from the Foreign Office to Royal Geographical Society (RGS); 21 letters from Thomson 1882-1886 and 1892; 11 telegrams with typescript copies, 1883-1886; statement of financial accounts, John Kirk (Consul General, Zanzibar) in account with RGS for Thomson's expedition; 4p. proofs of 'Hints to Travellers' with corrections by Thomson; nine letters from J H Thomson (nephew) ,1901; three letters from J B Thomson (brother), 1895-1896; letters on a portrait of Thomson; letters to J Scott Keltie and letter to Gilmour (Keltie's son-in-law) nd.

Papers of Sir Kenneth Mason on the Himalayas including copy of his journal on the Shaksgam expedition, 1926; copy of letter from Mason to F V Thompson, Mussoorie about a stereo plotter used in India, 3 May 1914; correspondence, 1927-1940 on the Karakoram map; calculation of rectangular co-ordinates for Shaksgam stereographic survey by A R Hinks and cuttings from the Geographical Journal relating to the Himalayas, 1927-1935.