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James Edwin Thorold Rogers was born in Hampshire, educated in Southampton, and at King's College London, and at Magdalen Hall, Oxford. He was ordained in the Church of England in about 1846. In the 1850s and early 1860s he established himself in Oxford as a private tutor and occasional university examiner; encouraged by his friend Richard Cobden he also undertook studies in the causes of rural poverty. Rogers held an economics professorship at King's College London, from 1859 until his death in 1890 and was twice (1862-1867, 1888-1890) Drummond Professor of Political Economy at Oxford. After giving up his Anglican orders in 1870, he was able to stand for Parliament, eventually serving as Liberal MP for Southwark (1880-1885) and Bermondsey (1885-1886).