The Joint Senior Common Room was established in 1957 to provide a social centre for male and female academic and related staff of King's College London.
Biochemistry formed part of the Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Organic Chemistry and Histology in the Faculty of Medicine from 1925. This changed its name to the Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology in 1937. Biochemistry became a discrete department in 1958 and was incorporated into the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences in King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry in 1983, the Faculty of Science in 1985, the Faculty of Life Sciences, 1986, and the School of Life, Basic Medical and Health Sciences in 1989. It now forms part of the Division of Life Sciences within the School of Health and Life Sciences.
King's College London Department of Computer Science was established in 1984 as part of the Faculty of Natural Science when it transferred from Westfield College. After the merger with Chelsea College and Queen Elizabeth College in 1985, it formed part of the Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, currently known as the School of Physical Sciences and Engineering.
Physical geography, imperial geography, and history and geography, were subjects taught in the Department of General Literature and Science and the Evening Studies Department at King's from the 1850s. A chair in geography was established in 1863. The department became part of the Faculty of Arts in 1893, and the subject taught under an intercollegiate arrangement with the London School of Economics from 1922, becoming known as the Joint School of Geography from 1949. The department was part of the School of Humanities from 1989 and in 2001 merged with the Geography Department of the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) and became part of the new School of Social Science and Public Policy.
The Department of General Literature and Science came into being in 1839 in response to the need for a greater differentiation of the syllabus for students of the Senior Department at King's College London. As its name suggests, it constituted a broad faculty or grouping of subjects and classes that provided a core liberal syllabus in the arts and sciences available to all students of King's, including Medical students. Principal subjects included English Literature, Theology, Modern History, Classics, Modern Languages and Mathematics, but later instruction covered subjects as diverse as Geology, Law, Political Economy and Oriental Languages. The division between General Literature and Science Departments, that took place in 1888, foreshadowed the replacement of General Literature by the new Faculty of Arts in 1893.
Mathematics has been taught at King's since it first opened in 1831. It initially was part of the Senior Department and the Department of General Literature and Science and then became part of the Faculty of Arts and the Faculty of Science from 1893, the Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences from 1986, the School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences from 1991, and the School of Physical Sciences and Engineering from 1992.
Instruction in mental philosophy was provided with the appointment of a lecturer at King's in 1868. A chair in Logic and Moral Philosophy was created in 1877 occupied by the Rev Henry William Watkins, with classes available in both the Department of General Literature and Science, and the Theology Department. This changed its title to Logic and Mental Philosophy around 1891, then to Mental and Moral philosophy in 1903, classes that endured until 1906 when a department of Philosophy and Psychology came into being. The two subjects were separated in 1912 and Philosophy remained part of the Faculty of Arts until the reorganisation of 1989 when it became part of the School of Humanities.
Vocal music was a subject taught in the Department of General Literature and Science between 1843 and 1915. Music was an externally examined subject within the University of London from around 1900 until the University of London King Edward Chair was converted into a full-time professorship based at King's College in a new Faculty of Music in 1964. The Faculty of Arts and Music was created in 1986, which became a part of the School of Humanities in 1989.
Allen was born in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, on the 28 June 1900. He was educated at King Henry VIII School in Coventry and at the University of Birmingham. In 1922 he went to Japan as a Lecturer in Economics at the Higher Commercial College there. He stayed till 1925. From 1929 to 1933 he was a Research Fellow and Lecturer in the Faculty of Commerce at University College Hull. He was then appointed Brunner Professor of Economic Science at the University of Liverpool, 1933-1947. From 1947 to 1967 he was Professor of Political Economy at University College London. Allen was temporary Assistant Secretary of the Board of Trade from 1941 to 1944, and a member of the Central Price Regulation Committee 1944-1953. He was a member of the Monopolies (and Restrictive Practices) Commission from 1950 to 1962. His many publications were mainly concerned with Japanese and British industry and economic policy. Allen died on 31 July 1982.
The first surveys of the Bahia and San Francisco railway in Brazil were made by Charles Vignoles in 1854. Works were not commenced until the year 1857, and were completed in 1861. Vignoles was the Engineer-in-Chief.
John Joseph Bithell was Chief Engineer for the Ferro Carril de Chumbicha a Tinogasta y Andalgala Catamarca, Argentina.
The Chadwick Trust was set up in 1895 under the provisions of the will of Sir Edwin Chadwick (d 1890), who bequeathed money to promote research into public health engineering. Sir Edwin Chadwick, born in 1800, was a pioneering sanitary reformer; secretary to Jeremy Bentham; appointed Assistant Commissioner to the Poor Law Enquiry, 1832; appointed Royal Commissioner to the Poor Law Enquiry, and to enquire into the employment of children in factories, 1833; Secretary of the Poor Law Commission, 1834-1847; Royal Commissioner to enquire into a rural constabulary, 1836; published his report on the sanitary condition of the labouring population, 1842; appointed Royal Commissioner on London sanitation, 1847; Metropolitan Commissioner of Sewers, 1847-1849; Commissioner of the General Board of Health, 1848-1854. At his death he also bequeathed money to University College London to create the Chadwick Professorship of Municipal Engineering, first occupied by his son Sir Osbert Chadwick from 1898. The Chadwick Trust gives prizes and medals to students researching into both the medical and engineering aspects of sanitary science. It also funds lectures on related subjects. The Trust was set up under a Board of Trustees and was later associated with the Royal Society of Health, on whose premises its office was situated. In 1980 negotiations began with University College London to house the Trust in the Civil Engineering Department, and the Trust was subsequently administered by a committee of University College London.
CILIP: the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals, was inaugurated on 1 April 2002, following the unification of two predecessor bodies - the Library Association (LA) and the Institute of Information Scientists (IIS). CILIP is primarily a personal membership organisation, with a Royal Charter and charitable status. CILIP speaks out on behalf of the profession to the media, government and decision makers and provides practical support for members on academic education, professional qualifications, job hunting and continuing professional development.
The LA was formed in 1877 and received its Royal Charter, which permitted it to award professional (Chartered) status to members, in 1898. It became a registered charity in 1963 and was awarded a supplemental Royal Charter in 1986. The Scottish Library Association was founded in 1908, and formally affiliated with the LA (of the UK) in 1931. The Welsh Library Association (WLA) was a branch of the UK LA, and a further branch existed in Northern Ireland.
In the late 1950s, a group of professionals working predominantly in scientific and technological research took the view that a separate body was required to meet their more specialist form of practice and split off to form the Institute of Information Scientists (IIS) in 1958. The IIS was founded to promote and maintain high standards in scientific and technical information work and to establish qualifications for those engaged in the profession. Thereafter increasingly the IIS also attracted those working in the rapidly expanding field of financial and business information, and subsequent technological developments meant that its members were in a better position to pay close attention to developments in digital technology. Like the LA, it also had charitable status.
Born at Shrewsbury, 1862; moved with his family to Guildford, 1866; educated at the Royal Grammar School, Guildford; interested in natural science, but formed a desire to enter the Unitarian ministry and went to Owens College, Manchester, 1883; graduated in philosophy with first class honours, 1888; continued to study philosophy, at Manchester College Oxford and then at Leipzig; Hibbert Scholar, 1891-1896; graduated from Leipzig with a PhD, 1896; minister at Unity Church, Islington, 1897-1903; Lecturer for the London School of Ethics and Sociology, 1897-1898; Vice-President of the Aristotelian Society, 1901; Assistant Editor of the Hibbert Journal, 1902; LittD, Manchester, 1904; appointed to the Chair of Moral Philosophy at University College London, 1904; lived in Cambridge, travelling to London several times weekly, and also delivered some lectures in Cambridge; BA by research, Cambridge, 1909; MA, 1912; President of the Aristotelian Society, 1913; elected Fellow of the British Academy, 1927; retired his Professorship, 1928; Emeritus Professor from 1928; Hibbert Lecturer, 1931; Upton Lecturer in Philosophy, 1933; Essex Hall Lecturer, 1934; Hobhouse Memorial Lecturer, 1936; examiner in philosophy at various universities; a leading authority on the philosophers Immanuel Kant and George Berkeley, and on the history of philosophy, and worked on the theory of knowledge, eventually tending towards the realistic theory; died at Cambridge, 1941. Publications: Die Begriffe Phänomenon und Noumenon in ihrem Verhältnis zu einander bei Kant (1897); 'English Philosophy in the Nineteenth Century' in Friedrich Ueberweg and Franz Friedrich Maximilian Heinze's Geschichte der Philosophie (1897); memoir of James Drummond in Drummond's Pauline Meditations (1919); Ways towards the Spiritual Life (1928); article on theory of knowledge in Encyclopaedia Britannica (14th edition, 1929); Berkeley, in Leaders of Philosophy series (1932); Human Personality and Future Life (1934); Thought and Real Existence (1936); The Philosophical Bases of Theism (1937); Critical Realism: Studies in the Philosophy of Mind and Nature (1938); various articles and reviews in Mind, the Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Hibbert Journal, Journal of Psychology, and other periodicals.
Drummond was born on 12 January 1891. He was educated at the Strand School of King's College, and Queen Mary's College and King's College of the University of London. He started work as a Research Assistant in 1913 at King's College London. In 1914 he was a Research Assistant at the Biochemical Department of the Cancer Hospital Research Institute in London, where in 1918 he became a Director. In 1919 he joined University College London as a Reader in Physiological Chemistry, and in 1922 he was made Professor of Biochemistry there. He stayed at UCL till 1945. During the Second World War he was also a scientific adviser to the Ministry of Food, and an adviser on nutrition. He was Fullerian Professor of Physiology at the Royal Institution, 1942-1944. In 1946 he became Director of Research and Director of Boots Pure Drug Co Ltd. Drummond was knighted in 1944. He published numerous articles in scientific periodicals. He died on 4 August 1952.
Born, 9 April 1906; educated, Winchester and New College Oxford, First Class Hons Philosophy, Politics and Economics, 1927; Workers' Educational Association lecturer, 1927; Assistant, Department of Political Economy, University College London, 1928; joined 1917 Club, 1929; founded Tots & Quots, a left-wing discussion group, 1930; Assistant Honorary Secretary and Chairman of the Economics Section of the New Fabian Research Bureau, 1931; awarded Rockefeller Foundation Scholarship and spent next academic year studying in Vienna, Austria, 1933; Secretary, XYZ Club, 1934; stood as a Labour Party candidate in Chatham, Kent, in General Election, defeated by Conservative, 1935; adopted as prospective candidate for Leeds South, 1937; promoted to Readership at University College London, 1937; co-opted onto National Executive Committee, Finance and Trade Sub-committee, 1937; joined war-time Civil Service at newly founded Ministry of Economic Warfare, 1939; Principal Private Secretary to Hugh Dalton, Minister of Economic Warfare, 1940-1942; Principal Assistant Secretary to Dalton at Board of Trade, 1942-1945; elected as member for Leeds South, General Election, 1945-1963; Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Fuel and Power, 1946-1947; Minister of Fuel and Power, 1947-1950; Minister of State for Economic Affairs, 1950; Chancellor of Exchequer, 1950-1951; Treasurer of Labour Party, 1954-1956; Leader of Labour Party, 1955-1963; Vice-Chairman, Labour Party Executive Committee, 1962; died, 18 January 1963. Publications: Chartism (Longmans & Co, London, 1929); Money and everyday life (Labour Book Service, London, 1939); In defence of politics (London, 1954); The high cost of Toryism (Labour Party, London, 1955); Recent developments in British Socialist thinking (Co-operative Union, London, 1956); The challenge of co-existence (Methuen & Co, London, 1957); Britain and the common market (Labour Party, London, 1962); various articles written for publications such as New York Times Magazine, Reynolds News, The Birmingham Post, Leeds Weekly Citizen, The Observer, Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, Social Commentary and New Statesman and Nation.
Orphaned at an early age, George Bellas was brought up by his maternal grandfather Thomas Greenough, a successful apothecary. The boy was sent to Mr Cotton's school at Salthill at the age of six, and to Eton at the age of ten. He stayed there only a year, and in September 1789 entered Dr Thompson's school at Kensington. While he was at school he took the name Greenough at the request of his grandfather who had adopted him. In 1795 his grandfather died leaving him a fortune which enabled him, for the rest of his life, to devote himself wholeheartedly to his many interests without the necessity of earning a living. In that year too, he went up to Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, but he did not take a degree, and in September 1798 he went to the University of Göttingen where he became interested in geology. In 1799 Greenough made at least two tours of the Harz: one in the Easter vacation with Clement Carlyon and Charles and Frederic Parry; and the other in the late summer with Carlyon. During these tours he collected many minerals, and also studied geological collections in the towns he visited. His interest in geology deepened when in 1801 he travelled over England with Carlyon and met Humphry Davy in Penzance. Later he attended Davy's lectures, and in 1802 went to France and Italy and 'noted what I saw of geology on my way'. He went on a geological tour of Scotland with James Skene in 1805, and of Ireland with Davy in 1806: in Ireland he also made a study of social conditions. In 1807 he became associated with a group of mineralogists to which Davy referred in a letter to William Pepys, dated 13th November 1807, when he said 'We are forming a little talking Geological Club'. This club rapidly developed into a learned society devoted to geology. Greenough was to be the first president of the Geological Society from its inception in 1807 until 1813. When the future Royal Geographical Society was founded in 1830 Greenough was once again an early interested member and he was its president in 1839 and 1840. Greenough's interests were very varied, and he travelled extensively. His many journals and notebooks bear witness to the close attention which he paid not only to geological and geographical detail, but also to architecture, sculpture, painting, history and politics. He gave practical effect to this last by sitting as the MP for the pocket borough of Gatton in Surrey, from 1807 to 1812. A list in which he briefly noted some of the societies to which he belonged mentions 37, and against many of these he wrote the words 'original life member'. Greenough wrote a good deal, but he published very little, and his main achievement was the publication in 1820 of his geological map of England and Wales. This map was the culmination of many years of work during which he had noted and plotted the location of the various strata of areas visited by him and other travellers, and had gleaned information from books or from a questionnaire sent to anyone who might have local knowledge. A second edition of the map was published in 1839 together with an introduction in which he set out his theory on the manner in which geological structures should be represented on a map. In 1854 his large scale geological map of the whole of British India appeared - once again he had relied on information from questionnaires, books and travellers: in this instance they were his only sources, for he did not visit India himself. His only book, A critical examination of the first principles of geology, in a series of essays was published in 1819. He derived much pleasure from the building and design of his home, Grove Lodge, in Regent's Park, London, where he entertained members of his family from Dripsey in Ireland, and also his wide circle of friends.The diaries of his last years show his health beginning to fail in the early 1850s, and Greenough died in 1855 while travelling in Italy.
John Burdon Sanderson Haldane was born on 5 November 1892. He was educated at Eton and at New College Oxford where he attained his MA. During the First World War he served in the Black Watch in France and Iraq, 1914-1919. From 1919 to 1922 he was a Fellow of New College Oxford; then moving to Cambridge University to be a Reader in Biochemistry until 1932. He was also the Fullerian Professor of Physiology at the Royal Institution from 1930 to 1932. Then he went to University College London to become Professor of Genetics (1933-1937) and later Professor of Biometry (1937-1957). After this, Haldane became Research Professor at the Indian Statistical Institute until 1961. In 1962 he was Head of the Genetics and Biometry Laboratory for the Government of Orissa. He received medals for scientific excellence during his career, and also published many scientific articles and writings. Haldane died on 1 December 1964.
Charlotte Haldane (née Franken), formerly Charlotte Burghes, married John Burdon Sanderson Haldane in 1926; they were divorced in 1945. A journalist and author, her publications included two volumes of autobiography. She died in 1969.
Mark Haymon was C K Ogden's solicitor and also his close friend and collaborator. He was a member of the Orthological Institute and for many years a trustee of the Basic English Foundation.
Born, 1936; educated at the City of London School and Trinity College Cambridge (Exhibitioner); BA; Harvard Law School (Harkness Commonwealth Fund Fellowship); LLM; served in the Royal Artillery, 1955-1957; 2nd Lieutenant; called to the Bar, Lincoln's Inn, 1963; Mansfield scholar; Trustee of the Runnymede Trust from 1969; Special Adviser to the Home Secretary (Roy Jenkins), 1974-1976; involved in writing two White Papers on sexual and racial discrimination; Queen's Counsel (QC), 1975; Standing Advisory Commission on Human Rights, 1975-1977; Member of the Board of Overseers, University of Pennsylvania Law School, 1978-1989; Irish Bar, 1983; Honorary Visiting Professor, University College London, from 1983; called to the Bar of Northern Ireland, 1984; Member of the Board of Governors, James Allen's Girls' School, 1984-1994, and Chairman, 1987-1991; Bencher, Lincoln's Inn, 1985; Member of the American Law Institute from 1985; Recorder, 1987-1993; President, Interights, from 1991; Chairman of the Runnymede Trust, 1991-1993; Visiting Professor of Public Law, University College London, from 1992; created Baron Lester of Herne Hill (Life Peer, Liberal Democrat), 1993; QC (Northern Ireland); Member of the Court of Governors, London School of Economics; Member of the International Law Association Committee on Human Rights; Member of Council, Policy Studies Institute; Member of Council, Institute of Advanced Legal Studies; Governor, British Institute of Human Rights; delivered various lectures in the UK and USA; interests include human rights law and administrative and public law. Publications: Justice in the American South (Amnesty International, 1964); as co-editor, Shawcross and Beaumont on Air Law (3rd edition, 1966); as co-editor, Policies for racial equality (Fabian Society, London, 1967); edited Roy Jenkins' Essays and speeches (Collins, London, 1967); as co-author, Race and Law (1972); contributor to British Nationality, Immigration and Race Relations, in Halsbury's Laws of England (4th edition, 1973); Leading counsel's opinion on the proposed amendments to the Equal Pay Act 1970: European and community law (1983); as co-author, Equal pay for work of equal value: law and practice (1984); The Changing Constitution, ed Jeffrey Jowell and Dawn Oliver (1985); A British Bill of Rights (1990); The crisis facing human rights in Europe: does the British government really care? (1993); as co-author, What price Hansard? (1994).
Born, 1936; educated St Olave's and St Saviour's Grammar School; national service, Royal Navy; University College London (UCL), (BSc, PhD, DSc); worked under Patricia Clarke researching microbial enzymes, UCL; transferred to the Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL; Lecturer in Biochemical Engineering, UCL 1963-1972; Reader in Enzyme Technology, 1972-1979; Professor of Biochemical Engineering, UCL, 1979; Fellow of the Royal Society, 1991; died, 1998.
Sir Moses Haim Montefiore: born in Leghorn (Livorno, Italy), 1784; eldest son of Joseph Elias Montefiore, a Jewish merchant of Italian descent whose father had settled in London, by Rachel, daughter of Abraham Lumbrozo de Mattos Mocatta, of an ancient family of Spanish Jews; educated in London; married Judith (1784-1862), second daughter of Levi Barent Cohen, 1812; spent some time in a mercantile house; acquired for £1,200 the right to act as a broker on the London Stock Exchange, where the number of Jewish brokers was limited to twelve; rapidly amassed a fortune; retired from much of his business, 1824; retained some business interests, but devoted himself to the service of the Jewish race at home and abroad; on his way to Jerusalem, visited Egypt and had a private audience with Muhammad 'Ali Pasha, 1827; became a member of the Board of Deputies of British Jews, and was active in the struggle for emancipation; President of the Board of Deputies, 1835-1874; chosen sheriff of London and was knighted when Queen Victoria visited the Guildhall, 1837; submitted a scheme for establishing Jewish colonies in Syria to Muhammad 'Ali Pasha, but despite the Sultan's promise to give it favourable consideration it fell through, 1839; intervened on behalf of some Jews who had been arrested and tortured at Damascus for using Christian blood for religious rites and, as head of a deputation from the English and French Jewish communities, pleaded the prisoners' cause before Muhammad 'Ali Pasha, convincing him of their innocence and obtaining their release, 1840; proceeded to Constantinople and obtained from the Sultan a firman, placing Jews on the same footing as other aliens throughout the Ottoman empire, 1840; on his return to England, was presented to the Queen, who granted him the privilege of bearing supporters to his arms with `Jerusalem' inscribed in Hebrew characters; the Jewish community recognised his services by appointing a day of thanksgiving; when Tsar Nicholas of Russia issued an order for the removal into the interior of Jews domiciled on Russia's western frontier areas near Germany and Austria in 1844, Montefiore made representations to the Russian ambassador, Count Brunnow, which resulted in its suspension; on its threatened reissue, Montefiore was admitted by the Tsar to a private audience in St Petersburg and obtained its abrogation, 1846; toured Eastern Russia and made notes of the condition of the Jewish population, which he communicated to the Russian ministry; created baronet, 1846; following a revival of anti-Semitic feeling in Syria in 1847, Montefiore obtained a private audience with Louis-Philippe whom he asked, as protector of the Christians in Syria, to repress the agitation, which was granted; prominent in the collection and distribution of the relief fund for victims of the Syrian famine, 1855; founded a girls' school and hospital in Jerusalem, 1855; became involved in the celebrated Mortara case in which a Jewish child in Bologna was secretly baptised by his Catholic nurse and subsequently removed from his parents by the papal police and placed in a convent to be educated as a Christian, an affair which created a panic among the Jewish population in Italy and aroused indignation elsewhere, 1858; since remonstrances addressed to the papal government were ineffective, Montefiore attempted a personal appeal to Pope Pius IX in Rome, which was refused, and although the Pope consented to receive Montefiore's petition through Cardinal Antonelli he remained inflexible, 1859; raised funds for the relief of Jewish refugees brought to Gilbraltar by apprehension of war between Spain and Morocco and for Christian survivors of the massacre of the Lebanon, 1860; visited Constantinople and obtained confirmation by the new Sultan, Abdul-Aziz, of all firmans granted by his predecessor in favour of the Jews, 1863; in response to an outbreak of anti-Semitic fanaticism in Tangier, travelled on HMS Magicienne from Gibraltar to Mogador and, under an escort provided by the Sultan, crossed the Atlas desert to Morocco, where the Sultan issued an edict placing the Jews upon an equal footing with his other subjects, 1864; went to Syria, distributing alms to the victims of a plague of locusts and cholera epidemic, 1866; visited Bucharest and interceded with Prince Charles on behalf of the persecuted Jews of Moldavia, and was well received by the prince, but was threatened by a mob which he managed to quieten, 1867; carried to St Petersburg an address from the British Jewish community congratulating Tsar Alexander II on the bicentenary of the birth of Peter the Great, 1872; made a seventh and final pilgrimage to Jerusalem, 1875; spent his later years in comparative seclusion at his seat, East Cliff Lodge, Ramsgate, where he died, 1885; a strict Sephardic Jew, orthodox in his religious opinions and observance; on his death without issue the baronetcy became extinct. See also Lady Montefiore, Private Journal of a Visit to Egypt and Palestine by way of Italy and the Mediterranean (privately printed, London, 1836); Meyer ben Isaac Auerbach and Samuel Salant, An Open Letter addressed to Sir M Montefiore ... on the day of his arrival in ... Jerusalem. Together with a narrative of a forty days' sojourn in the Holy Land ... by Sir M Montefiore (Wertheimer, Lea & Co, London, 1875); Diaries of Sir Moses and Lady Montefiore: comprising their life and work as recorded in their diaries from 1812 to 1883, ed L Loewe (2 volumes, Griffith, Farran & Co, London, 1890; facsimile edition introduced by Raphael Loewe [1983]). Dr Nathaniel Mayer Montefiore: born, 1819; second son of Abraham Montefiore and his second wife Henrietta Rothschild; nephew of Sir Moses Haim Montefiore; married Emma (1819-1902), daughter of Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, 1850; had issue Alice, Leonard (1853-1879), Charlotte, and the biblical scholar and philanthropist Claude Joseph Goldsmid (1858-1938); Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh; died, 1883.
Clifford was born in 1845. He was educated at Exeter, at King's College London and at Trinity College Cambridge. He was appointed Professor of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics at University College London in 1871, a post he held till 1879. A mathematician, Clifford was also a classical scholar and read French, German, Spanish and modern Greek fluently. However, he drove himself relentlessly and worked long hours. Signs of pulmonary disease appeared in 1876 and he died in 1879 at the age of 33.
George Grote was born in Kent in November 1794, the eldest of eleven children. His father was a banker. At school George had a genuine love of learning which survived the plunge into business at the bank that his father imposed on him at the age of sixteen. He pursued his interest in classical reading, took up German and philosophy, and extended his view of political economy. He was also musical. From 1822, Grote was committed to the project of writing a history of Greece. From 1826 to 1830 he was one of the promoters of the new University College London. Grote became interested in political reform when he visited Paris in 1830. He became known as a man of business and this helped him when he entered politics. He sat through three parliaments till 1841, when he refused to be nominated again. He wished to return to studying and finish his History of Greece which was completed in 1856 and consisted of twelve volumes. In 1843 he left the bank permanently. Grote published other writings during his lifetime, mainly about politics and philosophy. In 1849 he was re-elected to the University College London Council and in 1868 he became president of the University. During his life Grote received many honours: D.D.L. of Oxford in 1853; LL.D. of Cambridge in 1861; fellow of the Royal Society in 1857; and honorary Professor of Ancient History to the Royal Academy in 1859. He also received honours from other countries. He was offered a peerage by Gladstone in 1869 but declined it. He died in June 1871 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Harriet Grote née Lewin, biographer and wife of the historian George Grote (1794-1871), was born near Southampton in July 1792. She married George Grote in 1820. During their engagement Harriet studied hard so that she could share Grote's intellectual interests. Mrs Grote devoted herself to managing her husband's life, both practically and socially. They lived mainly in London and Surrey. Harriet Grote was always a diligent keeper of diaries and notebooks, as well as a good letterwriter, and having accumulated an abundance of materials, began to write a biographical account of her husband while he was still alive. This work was rapidly pushed forward on his death in 1871, and she herself had already reached her eightieth year, when it was published in 1873 as The personal life of George Grote. She had printed and published other material previously in her lifetime. She died at Shiere in Surrey, aged eighty-seven.
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The economist James Loch was born of Scottish parents in May 1780. In 1801 he became an advocate in Scotland and was called to the bar in England at Lincoln's Inn in 1806. After a few years he decided to abandon the law and went into estate management, becoming auditor to many eminent people. He was responsible for much of the policy regarding agricultural labourers and land in England and Scotland. The Sutherlandshire clearances between 1811 and 1820, when 15,000 crofters were removed from the inland to the seacoast districts, were carried out under Loch's supervision. In 1827 Loch entered parliament as the member for St Germains in Cornwall. He published a pamphlet on the improvements on the Sutherland estates in 1820, and in 1834 printed privately a memoir of the first Duke of Sutherland. He was a fellow of the Geological, Statistical and Zoological Societies, and a member of the committee of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. He was also a member of the Council of University College London. He died in June 1855, at his house in London.
An antiquary and local historian; revised and enlarged George Ormerod's The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester (first published, 1819) for its second edition (3 volumes, London, 1882); a member of Lincoln's Inn.
No information could be found at the time of compilation.
Wellesley Curran Clinton was Pender Professor of Electrical Engineering at University College London from 1926 to 1934.
Born Lewisham, London, 1848; educated at the Royal College of Chemistry, 1865-1867, University of Leipzig, 1867-1870; lecturer, St Bartholomew's Hospital, 1870; Professor of Chemistry, London Institution, 1870; elected Fellow of the Royal Society, 1876; Professor of Chemistry at the Cowper Street Schools (later Finsbury Technical College), 1879; Professor of Chemistry, Central Technical College (later the City and Guilds College), 1884-1913; President of the Chemical Society, 1893-1895; Davy medal of the Royal Society, 1911; Professor Emeritus, Imperial College, 1913; died, 1937. Publications include: Essays on the Art and Principles of Chemistry, including the first Messel Memorial Lecture (Ernest Benn, London, 1927); Introduction to the Study of Organic Chemistry Second edition (Longmans & Co, London, 1874); The Teaching of Scientific Method, and other papers on education Second edition (Macmillan & Co, London, 1903).
Alexander Murison was born in Aberdeenshire on 3 March 1847, and was educated at grammar school and the University of Aberdeen where he achieved an MA and a LLD. From 1869 to 1877 he was a master in English at an Aberdeen grammar school. Then in 1881 he became a barrister. He held the position of Professor of Roman Law, 1883-1925 (Emeritus from 1925), and of Jurisprudence, 1901-1925, at University College London. He was also Deputy Professor of Roman-Dutch Law, 1914-1924, and Dean of the Faculty of Laws, 1912-1924, at University College London; and Dean of the Faculty of Laws, 1914-1918, at the University of London. He was Deputy Regius Professor of Civil Law and Deputy Reader in Roman Law at Oxford University from 1915 to 1919. From 1916 to 1917 he was President of the Society of Public Teachers of Law. He was Senator of the University of London from 1921 to 1924. Murison spent some years on the political and literary staff of the 'Daily Chronicle' of India. In 1896 he stood in an election for the Lord Rectorship of Aberdeen University but marginally lost. He was editor of the 'Educational Times', 1902-1912. He was also an examiner for several universities. Murison published many books during his life, mostly on Roman law but also some on Scottish history. He married Elizabeth Logan in 1870 and had two sons. He died on 8 June 1934.
Margaret Murray was born in 1863, the youngest daughter of J C Murray, a businessman of Calcutta, and niece of the Reverend John Murray of Lambourn. She first entered University College London as a student in 1894, and in 1899 became a junior lecturer in Egyptology there. She was Assistant Professor of Egyptology at University College London from 1924 to 1935. She was a member of the Folk Lore Society from 1927 and President from 1953 to 1955. During her life she carried out many excavations in different parts of the world and published many books, mainly about Egypt. She died on 13 November 1963.
After obtaining a degree at Regents Park College in London, Sully went to Gottingen in 1867 to study for the London University MA. From 1869 to 1870 he was a classical tutor at the Baptist College, Pontypool. In 1871 he assisted John Morley, then Editor of the Fortnightly Review, with correspondence, proof-reading, etc, and he began to write for the Fortnightly and the Saturday Review. In 1873 Sully was first invited to contribute an article on aesthetics to the Encyclopaedia Britannica and in the following year Sensation and intuition was published. He subsequently contributed to articles to several journals, including The Academy, The Contemporary Review, The Cornhill Magazine, The Examiner, and Mind. In 1877 Pessimism was published. Sully became an Examiner in Logic and Philosophy at the University of London in 1878. The following year he was Lecturer in the Theory of Education at the Maria Grey Training College and the College of Preceptors. A series of publications followed: Illusions in 1881; Outlines of Psychology in 1884; A teachers's handbook of psychology in 1886; and The human mind in 1892. In 1892 Sully was elected to the vacant chair of Mind and Logic at University College London on the resignation of George Croom Robertson. In 1895 Studies of childhood and in 1902 An essay on laughter were published. In 1903 Sully resigned from his Professorship and in 1918 published My life and friends.
Thomas Chalmers: born in Scotland, 1780; influential theologian, preacher and philanthropist; DD; held the Chair of moral philosophy in the University of St Andrews, 1823-1828; held the Chair of theology in the University of Edinburgh, 1828-1843; Principal and Professor of divinity in the New College (of the Free Church), Edinburgh; delivered an influential course of lectures in London, 1838; a reformer, advocating self-government in the Christian church, and engaged in controversy on the subject resulting in the formation of the Free Church in Scotland, of which Chalmers was elected first moderator; devised, as means of support for the disestablished church, the sustentation fund, based on a contribution from each member of a penny a week, which was successful; worked to address the many poor in Scottish cities who attended no church; died, 1847. Publications: various works on theology, Christinity, Scripture and philosophy published during his lifetime and posthumously.
Firth was born in Sheffield on 16 March 1857. He was educated at Clifton College and at Balliol College Oxford. He was engaged in literary work and historical teaching at Oxford from 1883. He was a Lecturer at Pembroke College Oxford from 1887 to 1898. He became a fellow of All Souls' College and Oriel College there. He was also a fellow of the British Academy. In 1904 he was made Regius Professor of Modern History at Oxford, till 1925, and Professor Emeritus from 1925. Firth was knighted in 1922. He published many writings on history. He died on 19 February 1936
Robert E Symons was literary executor of A E Housman.
Alfred Edward Housman: born, 1859; educated at Bromsgrove School, 1870-1877; passed as a scholar to St John's College Oxford, 1877; first class honours in classical moderations, 1879; MA; worked at home for the civil service examination and helped his former headmaster with teaching; Higher Division Clerk in the Patent Office, London, 1882-1892; found time for classical study and published his first paper, on Horace, 1882; became a member of the Cambridge Philological Society, 1889; Professor of Latin, University College London, 1892-1911; his publications after 1892 were largely concerned with Latin, rather than Greek, and included works on the chief Latin poets from Lucilius to Juvenal, particularly Propertius, Ovid and Manilius; first published verse in A Shropshire Lad, 1896; Professor of Latin, Cambridge University, and Fellow of Trinity College Cambridge from 1911; Honorary Fellow of St John's College Oxford, 1911; in poor health from 1932; Leslie Stephen lecturer at Cambridge, 1932; delivered a lecture on 'The Name and Nature of Poetry', 1933; refused the Order of Merit; died, 1936. Numerous publications on Housman include Laurence Housman's A E H (1937). Publications include: A Shropshire Lad (1896); Last Poems (1922); More Poems (1936) and Collected Poems (1939), published posthumously; editions of classical authors including Manilius Books I-V (1903-1930); various papers on classical subjects in the Journal of Philology, Classical Review, Proceedings and Transactions of the Cambridge Philological Society, American Journal of Philology and elsewhere.
Laurence Housman: born, 1865; brother of A E Housman; educated at Bromsgrove School; moved to London and studied art in Kennington, at the Lambeth School of Art, and later at South Kensington; introduced to Harry Quilter and wrote and drew for his short-lived Universal Review; introduced to Charles Kegan Paul, the publisher, who encouraged him to write; wrote for the Manchester Guardian and as art critic handled controversies including the Chantrey Bequest inquiry and dispute over the statues by (Sir) Jacob Epstein on the British Medical Association building, 1895-1911; also published poetry; published anonymously An Englishwoman's Love-Letters, at that time regarded as daring but which sold well, 1900; while working for the Manchester Guardian, began a career as a playwright, but his success was limited and his subject matter involved him in controversies on censorship with the Lord Chamberlain's office and his first play Bethlehem was banned for many years, although privately produced, 1902; his play Pains and Penalties (1911), about Queen Caroline, was for many years banned by the Lord Chamberlain but was later released on minor revision; took up the cause of woman's suffrage and was the centre of a disturbance in the central lobby of the House of Commons, 1909; a member of the men's section of the extremist Women's Social and Political Union, but left when militancy became violent rather than symbolic, 1912; became a pacifist during World War One, 1914-1918; supported the ideals of a League of Nations and proclaimed his views in a series of lectures in the USA, 1916; his plays about Queen Victoria were performed with great success when public interest in the royal family was at its peak, 1935, 1937; from 1924 lived at Street, Somerset; became a Quaker, 1952; died, 1959. Publications include: The Writings of William Blake (1893); Green Arras (1896); Spikenard (1898); Sheepfold (1918); Angels and Ministers (1921); The Little Plays of St Francis (1922); Trimblerigg (1924); The Life of HRH the Duke of Flamborough (1928); Victoria Regina (1934); his autobiography, The Unexpected Years (1937); his biography of his brother, A E H (1937).
Cavan McCarthy is a bibliographer and poet.
John Wilkinson was a student of Corpus Christi College Oxford.
Sir William Blackstone: born in London, 1723; English jurist; elected the first holder of a Chair (the Vinerian Professorship) of common law at Oxford, 1758; his lectures formed the basis of his influential Commentaries on the Laws of England (4 volumes, 1765-1769), describing the doctrines of English law, which became the basis of university legal education in England and North America; knighted, 1770; died at Wallingford, Oxfordshire, 1780.
Vera Beaumont Wilkinson was a student of the Faculty of Arts at University College London from 1914 to 1918, 1920 to 1921, and 1932 to 1934.
The landscape painter Robert Freebairn was articled to Philip Reinagle R.A. and sent his first picture to the Royal Academy from Reinagle's house in 1782. He exhibited landscapes up to 1786 when he appears to have gone to Italy. In 1789 and 1790 he was in Rome and sent views of Roman scenery to the Academy. In 1791 he returned to England. His stay in Italy formed his style and most of his productions were representations of Italian scenery. He occasionally painted views of Welsh and Lancashire scenery. Freebairn died in London on 23 January 1808.
Morris W Travers was a demonstrator at University College London from 1894 (Assistant Professor from 1898). He assisted Professor Sir William Ramsay in experiments on argon, and collaborated with him in work on krypton, neon and xenon. In 1904 Travers was appointed Professor of Chemistry at University College Bristol. From 1907 to 1914 he was Director of the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. In 1927 he became Honorary Professor, Fellow and Nash Lecturer in Chemistry at Bristol. He became President of the Faraday Society in 1936, and in 1937 he retired from Bristol University. His Life of Sir William Ramsay was published in London in 1956.
Richard Weymouth, philologist and New Testament scholar, studied classics at University College London, taking his BA in 1846 and his MA in 1849. He was a Doctor of Literature at the University of London in 1868 and a Fellow of University College in 1869. He was Headmaster of Mill Hill School from 1869 to 1886. He joined the Philological Society in 1851. Weymouth was married twice; first, in 1852 to Louisa Sarah Marten, by whom he had three sons and three daughters, then in 1892 to Louisa Salter.
William Sharpey: entered Edinburgh University to study the humanities and natural philosophy, 1817; commenced medical studies, 1818; admitted as amember of the Edinburgh College of Surgeons, 1821; graduated MD of Edinburgh, 1823; obtained the Fellowship of the College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, 1830; elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1834; appointed to the Chair of Anatomy and Physiology at University College London, 1836; elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, 1839; appointed an Examiner in Anatomy at London University, 1840; a member of the Council of the Royal Society, 1844; appointed Secretary of the Royal Society in place of Thomas Bell, 1853; for 15 years from 1861, one of the members appointedby the Crown on the General Council of Medical Education and Registration; retired as Secretary due to failure of eyesight, 1871; died frombronchitis in London, 1880; buried at Arbroath.
Richard Quain: born at Fermoy, county Cork, Ireland, 1800; received his early education at Adair's school at Fermoy; served an apprenticeship to a surgeon in Ireland; went to London to pursue his professional studies at the Aldersgate school of medicine; went to Paris, where he attended the lectures of Richard Bennett, a private lecturer on anatomy and a friend of his father; when Bennett was appointed a demonstrator of anatomy in the newly constituted school of the University of London (later University College London), Quain assisted him, 1828; admitted a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS), 1828; on Bennet's death, Quain became senior demonstrator of anatomy, 1830; Professor of descriptive anatomy, 1832-1850; appointed the first assistant surgeon to University College (or the North London) Hospital (UCH), 1834; selected Fellow when the fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons was established by royal charter and admitted, 1843; elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, 1844; succeeded as full surgeon and special professor of clinical surgery, UCH, 1848; became a member of the council of the RCS, 1854; a member of the RCS court of examiners, 1865; resigned his post at UCH, 1866; appointed consulting surgeon to the hospital and Emeritus Professor of clinical surgery in its medical school; chairman of the RCS board of examiners in midwifery, 1867; elected President of the RCS, 1868; delivered the Hunterian oration, RCS, 1869; represented the RCS in the General Council of Education and Registration, 1870-1876; at his death, one of Queen Victoria's surgeons-extraordinary; died, 1887; buried at Finchley; left the bulk of his fortune, c£75,000, for promoting, in connection with University College London, general education in modern languages (especially English) and in natural science; the Quain professorship of English language and literature and the Quain studentships and prizes were founded accordingly. Publications: edited his brother Jones Quain's Elements of Anatomy (1848); The Anatomy of the Arteries of the Human Body, with its Applications to Pathology and Operative Surgery, in Lithographic Drawings with Practical Commentaries (London, 1844); The Diseases of the Rectum (London, 1854); Clinical Lectures (London, 1884).
The Exchequer was responsible for receiving and dispersing the public revenue.
West was a student at Magdalene College Cambridge.
Mervyn Peake was born in China on 9 July 1911. He attended Tientsin Grammar School and Eltham College, Kent. He became a poet, novelist, painter, playwright and illustrator. He married Maeve Gilmore, an artist, in 1937 and had two sons and one daughter. Peake died on 17 November 1968. Publications include: Rhymes Without Reason (1944); Captain Slaughterboard Drops Anchor (1945, reprinted 1966); The Craft of the Lead Pencil (1946); Titus Groan (novel, 1946); Letters from a Lost Uncle (1948); The Glassblowers (poem) and Gormenghast (novel), awarded the W H Heinemann Foundation Prize, Royal Society of Literature (1950); Mr Pye (1953); The Wit to Woo (play, 1957); Titus Alone (novel, 1959); The Rime of the Flying Bomb (1962); Titus Groan (novel, reprinted as trilogy in UK and USA, 1967); A Reverie of Bone (poems, 1967).
Graham Greene was born on 2 October 1904. Following graduation from Oxford he joined the staff of The Times newspaper in 1926, became literary editor of The Spectator in 1940, and during the war worked in the Foreign Office. He was Director of the publishers Eyre & Spottiswoode from 1944 to 1948 and of Bodley Head publishers from 1958 to 1968.
Following the outbreak of World War One in 1914, male English civilians living in Germany were interned at Ruhleben, a former race track situated between Berlin and Spandau. Within the prisoner of war camp an English 'colony' was created, including a school, dramatic and musical societies, library, sports leagues, shops, and an internal mail service.
No information on Matthew Prichard could be found at the time of compilation.
Harriet Grote née Lewin, biographer and wife of the historian George Grote (1794-1871), was born near Southampton in July 1792. She married George Grote in 1820. During their engagement Harriet studied hard so that she could share Grote's intellectual interests. Mrs Grote devoted herself to managing her husband's life, both practically and socially. They lived mainly in London and Surrey. Harriet Grote was always a diligent keeper of diaries and notebooks, as well as a good letterwriter, and having accumulated an abundance of materials, began to write a biographical account of her husband while he was still alive. This work was rapidly pushed forward on his death in 1871, and she herself had already reached her eightieth year, when it was published in 1873 as The personal life of George Grote. She had printed and published other material previously in her lifetime. She died at Shiere in Surrey, aged eighty-seven.
George Grote was born in Kent in November 1794, the eldest of eleven children. His father was a banker. At school George had a genuine love of learning which survived the plunge into business at the bank that his father imposed on him at the age of sixteen. He pursued his interest in classical reading, took up German and philosophy, and extended his view of political economy. He was also musical. From 1822, Grote was committed to the project of writing a history of Greece. From 1826 to 1830 he was one of the promoters of the new University College London. Grote became interested in political reform when he visited Paris in 1830. He became known as a man of business and this helped him when he entered politics. He sat through three parliaments till 1841, when he refused to be nominated again. He wished to return to studying and finish his History of Greece which was completed in 1856 and consisted of twelve volumes. In 1843 he left the bank permanently. Grote published other writings during his lifetime, mainly about politics and philosophy. In 1849 he was re-elected to the University College London Council and in 1868 he became president of the University. During his life Grote received many honours: D.D.L. of Oxford in 1853; LL.D. of Cambridge in 1861; fellow of the Royal Society in 1857; and honorary Professor of Ancient History to the Royal Academy in 1859. He also received honours from other countries. He was offered a peerage by Gladstone in 1869 but declined it. He died in June 1871 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.