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Comprises atlases, maps and plans; ephemera; general records and descriptions; merchant shipping: historical records; narratives; and Royal Navy order books and orders.

Papers of the History of Education Society (HES), 1967-2004, including minutes of the Committee and Annual General Meeting, 1985-2003; papers relating to constitution, including the revisions of 1976, 1987 and 1990; papers on administration and finance, [1990-1995]; correspondence, 1989-2000; HES abstract book entitled, 'Breaking Boundaries: Gender, Politics and the Experience of Education', 3-5 Dec 1999 and papers on the Jubilee Essay Competition, including report, 2000 and rules.

Publications comprising annual conference booklets, Dec 1990 and Dec 1994; History of Education Society, [1980s] and The New Era: The Review of New Education, Apr 1929.

Papers relating to the HES Committee, 1993-2003 including reports, flyers, annual charity returns, papers relating to membership, financial information, correspondence with members, lists of members, contact directory, 1998; promotional material and details of the history of the Committee 2003.

Papers relating to conferences 1988-2004 including proceedings of the Annual Conference on 'Education and Employment: Initiatives and Experiences 1780 to the Present', 1988; papers on the HES Conference in Liverpool, 1991, the Birmingham Conference on 'The Education Act - Fifty Years On', 1994; annual conference programme, 1997; list of conference participants and flyer, 1999 and 'International Standing Conference for the History of Education, the Spanish History of Education, and, the Universities of Alcala, Comillas, Complutense and UNED' booklet, 2000.

Copies of articles and memoirs, 1958-1961, on Jewish organisations, companies and individuals who had a connection with the history of Frankfurt am Main; on Jewish involvement in industries in Frankfurt including metal work and textiles and a history of the Jewish religious community in Frankfurt. Also including a forward by Dr. Heilbrunn for his planned book about the history of Frankfurt's Jews and letters from potential contributors to the book, 1959-1961.

This is an artificial collection, made up of individual items that relate to the history of the borough but do not form part of a larger collection. It includes account books, single volumes of minutes of local organisations, photographs including photograph albums from the Third London General Hospital, and autograph letters.

Papers of Hitahadut Olej Germania, 1933-1934, an activity report, are divided into sections notably including correspondence from abroad providing details about prospective emigrants,including first help on arrival, economic organisation, cultural work, social work and financial report, 1933-1934; proposal for a credit bank, 1934; information circular regarding agricultural developments, 1934; remarks on the future work of Hitahadut Olej Germania, [1933-1934] and report on the remit of the Agricultural Department of Hitahadut Olej Germania, [1933-1934].

A supplement, in manuscript, to English Liberty: A Collection of Interesting Tracts ... of John Wilkes, Esq (1769), compiled by Isaac Hitchcock of Stafford; comprising the printed text of English Liberty... annotated by Hitchcock, and copies of further speeches, letters, verses, newspaper cuttings, etc relating to Wilkes and his political career, with some illustrations and engravings tipped in.

Records of the Hitchins family, comprising documents relating to the ownership of 39 Curzon Street, Mayfair, 1769-1921, including leases, abstracts of title, wills, assignments, schedules of fixtures, plans and elevations, and undertakings to repair.

Records of Hither Green Hospital, 1897-1976, including case notes, registers of admission and discharge, creed, post-mortems, operations, and casualties; records of staff service and conduct and Chaplain's records.

Records of Hither Green Methodist Church, 1901-1970, including minutes and other administrative papers; souvenir programmes of entertainments and events such as bazaars; correspondence addressed to Mrs H N Beecher Bryant, particularly from Doctor John Scott Lidgett, Methodist theologian and founder of the Bermondsey Settlement; and photographs of church events, clergy, members of the church and the interior and exterior of the church building.

Marriage registers for Hither Green Presbyterian Church, Birkhall Road, Hither Green, 1908-1931.

Records of Hither Green Presbyterian Church including Communicants' roll book, 1912-1934; Court of Session minute book, 1905-1934; register of baptisms, 1906-1933 and Treasurer's account book, 1924-1934.

Records of HM Young Offender Institute, Feltham. This collection contains records of administration (1910-1951); indexes and registers of prisoners (1923-1975); records of staff (1935-1970); medical records (1939-1973); chaplain's journals (1947-1980); printed material (1934-1964); and an artefact from 1985.

Papers of HMS Dauntless consisting of volumes and loose papers, 1914 to 1921 and 1939 to 1975. One quarter of the collection consists of the papers of Dame Katharine Furse (1875-1952), the first Director WRNS. Many of these relate to her period as Commandant-in-Chief, VAD (Voluntary Aid Detachment); during this time, 1914 to 1917, the main subject covered by the papers was the need to co-ordinate women's war work. Correspondents, mostly politicians and administrators, include B Seebohm Rowntree (1871-1945), Lord Derby (1865-1948), W C Bridgeman (1864-1935), Dame Katherine's brother-in-law, Lieutenant-General Sir William Furse (1865-1953), Arthur B Cane (1864-1939), Neville Chamberlain (1869-1940), Mrs May Tennant (1869-1946) and the future Deputy Director W.R.N.S., Miss Edith Crowdy (d 1947). The rest of Dame Katharine's papers relate to the establishment of the WRNS in 1917, its development during the remainder of the war and the demobilization. With regard to the setting up of the Service, her correspondents include Lord Northcliffe (1865-1922), Admiral Sir Herbert Heath (1887-1956) and Sir Eric Geddes (1875-1937), First Lord of the Admiralty. The official papers contain memoranda and reports on the administration of the new Service. They cover all aspects of the organization from recruitment and training to accommodation and welfare. Among those papers dealing with demobilization are reports and correspondence, 1919 to 1921, about the possibility of establishing the Women's Royal Naval Reserve. The remainder of the collection contains photographs, printed matter, pamphlets and offprints. Most of this material dates from after the Second World War, although there are a number of earlier miscellaneous papers, such as a file relating to Dame Vera Laughton Mathews (d 1959); statistics and casualties, 1940 to 1947; papers concerning the closure of the Western Approaches Command, 1945; WRNS copies of Admiralty Historical Section files, 1946, and files and case books for the WRNS Benevolent Trust, 1949 to 1961. There are many photographs, loose and in albums. A few date from the First World War, but most of them, taken mainly for recruiting purposes, date between the 1940s and 1970s. There are also press cuttings, 1941 to 1946.

Papers relating to HMS Dryad consisting mainly of manuscripts relating to the education of naval officers in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It includes a 'Plan of Learning' executed by a student at the Royal Academy, Portsmouth, in 1754; the order book of the Royal Naval College at Portsmouth containing Admiralty and internal orders, 1839 to 1855; the regulations of the College, 1869, also with officers' signatures; and papers including a report on the sanitary conditions in the College, 1889 to 1890. There are also five notebooks, 1763, c 1770, 1812 and c 1850, kept by naval officers under training, containing navigational notes and calculations; and a small volume containing in question-and-answer form the information required for the Master's examination for the Channel, 1780. Other volumes and documents include: the illustrated log of the BOMBAY, 1864 to 1865, NARCISSUS, 1865 to 1868, BEACON, 1868 to 1869, and GREYHOUND, 1869, kept by Midshipman G E Morrison (fl 1864-76); the record of the BOMBAY includes an account of the loss of the ship by fire. The journal of the SYLVIA, 1876 to 1878, was kept by Sub-Lieutenant Edward Helby (fl 1869-1899) while the ship was surveying in the Korean archipelago and includes descriptions of the area. In addition there are some letters of Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) with reports on a device for taking soundings through a ship's hull, 1905 to 1908; and towing time tables for the sections of Mulberry harbours, 1944.

Papers relating to HMS GANGES consisting of three logs of the GANGES, 1826 to 1827 and 1850 to 1852, and one kept on the SWIFTSURE, 1888 to 1889. There are eight documents, including four orders received in 1782 by Admiral Sir Thomas Graves ([1747]-1814) from Admirals Lord Hood (q.v.), Lord Rodney (1719-1792), 1782, Lord Cornwallis (q.v.), 1804, and Lord Collingwood (q.v.) (1804). Also in the collection are miscellaneous letters from Sir Edward Pellew (q.v.), 1810, and Lord St Vincent (q.v.), 1801 and 1822.

Papers relating to HMS Mercury consisting of manuscripts relating to the history of signalling, 1781 to 1914. The printed part of the original collection, also to 1914, is in the Library. The manuscripts include sixteen late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century signal books; a book of codes for use with an electric telegraph, 1855; correspondence concerning the rules for the use of wireless telegraphy, 1893; correspondence and photographs relating to the development of communication by flashing signals, 1861 to 1893, 1904; a collection of annual reports on the Naval Pigeon Service, 1903 to 1908; proposed Forming, Disposing and Stationing Signals, 1890 and 1892; correspondence on Equal and Unequal speed manoeuvres, 1891 to 1892, and on Battle Tactic Signals, 1901. Foremost among the correspondents on these and other subjects is the first Superintendent of the Signal School, Admiral A.F. Everett (1868-1938).

Records relating to HMS Worcester consisting of printed reports, 1863 to 1968; minute books, 1861 to 1867, 1881 to 1965; harbour log books, 1862 to 1865, 1867 to 1869; visitors books, 1935 to 1947, 1953 to 1968; ledgers, 1862 to 1870; wage books, 1933 to 1936; hooks of newspaper cuttings, 1857 to 1967, 1917 to 1967, together with photographs and other miscellaneous items. There are further records at the Merchant Navy College at Greenhithe, and the records relating to the cadets are with the records of Seafarer Education Service, now with the Marine Society at Lambeth.

Copies of papers documenting the experiences of the German and Austrian internees transported to Australia on the HMT Dunera, 1940 and their subsequent detention in camps in Australia. Includes personal and official papers of Erwin Kallir, former canteen manager at the Hay Internment camp for refugees, New South Wales, Australia including Australian Military forces report on Erwin Kallir; material documenting his activities as canteen manager and cartoons depicting life in the camp. Official papers relating to the allegations of ill treatment on board the HMT Dunera, including Home Office directives on the detention of civilian internees of enemy nationality; House of Commons debates on the treatment of aliens on ships and appeals for justice for the internees and press cuttings. Correspondence of Herbert Goldsmith, internee on the HMT Dunera,1980s.

Records of Hobbayne's Charity, Hanwell, including minute books of the trustees; reports; papers outlining the objects and scope of the charity; papers relating to the management of charity lands; financial accounts; history of the charity; and photographs.

Anthropological papers by Charles William Hobley and other authors and related correspondence, chiefly on ethnic groups in Kenya. Listed and annotated by A W Champion, [1897-1947].

Records of Charles Hobson, clock restorer, comprising workshop notes and diagrams (some photocopies) and photographs of Hobson in his workshop.

Papers of Charles Rider Hobson, c1922-c1946, comprise personal correspondence.

Two manuscripts written by Hockley, each a transcription of an older text, 1829, 1868: 'Four experiments of the Spirits Birto, Agares, Bealpharos and Vassago. Comprising the Forms of Conjuration, Circles, Lamens and Obligations, or Bonds of Spirits-as hath often been proved at the instant request of King Edward the 4th of England'. Author's holograph MS. Text within red rules, pen-drawn coat of arms of Hockley on title, illustrated by two small pen-drawn figures. Produced in London; and 'Book of Good Angels'; transcriber's holograph MS. A transcript of an anonymous ancient book of invocations and talismans, illustrated with two magical figures, and 14 figures of the 'characters and seals of Angels', pen-drawn and coloured in water-colour. Produced in London. 1868.

Archive of Hodder and Stoughton Limited, publishers; including records of Hodder and Stoughton, 1868-1919, Hodder and Stoughton Limited, 1919- , Matthew Hodder Limited (group holding company), 1959-76, and Hodder and Stoughton Holdings Limited, 1976-. It is a publisher-based, rather than an author-based archive, because the pre-1939 correspondence with authors was apparently destroyed during the Second World War. Its strength lies in the information it provides in aggregate about the multi-faceted business of publishing.

Of notable importance are the 46 authors' ledgers, 1907-1961 (Ms 16312) which detail what was published, including the various editions of the same title, with dates of publication, print runs, production costs, sales, remainders etc. These are supplemented by ten volumes of publishing ledgers, 1886-1938 (Ms 16310), and by smaller groups of royalty ledgers, 1907-12 and 1928-65 (Mss 16318-21), and of profit and loss ledgers, 1954-68 (Mss 16313-17). The ledgers are further supported by considerable quantities of other material, such as company minutes, sales reports, publicity material, and a number of author files for 1939-93 (Mss 16352, 16352A-C). These are rather haphazard, and many in-letters from authors appear to have been removed before deposit at Guildhall Library.

The archive contains much about the company's premises including many photographs including some of bomb damage in the Paternoster Row and Warwick Square area of the City of London. The archive also contains material about the firm's employees including registers and salaries books, staff handbooks and newsletters, material about company sports days, and photographs.

There are also records of subsidiary companies as follows:
Ms 16388: British Weekly Limited;
Ms 16389-95; 29067-70; 36525-6: Brockhampton Press;
Ms 29071-8; 29708-13; 36527-30: Edward Arnold Limited;
Ms 16396-407;29079-80; 36531: English Universities Press Ltd;
Ms 36532: Highland Books;
Ms 16408-11: Hodder Fawcett Limited;
Ms 16412-21: Hodder Paperbacks Limited;
Ms 16422-4: Hodder Publications Limited;
Ms 16425-7: Lancet Limited;
Ms 36533: Lloyd-Luke (Medical Books) Limited;
Ms 36534-6: New English Library Limited;
Ms 16428-30: St Hugh's Press;
Ms 36537: Sceptre;
Ms 16431-51; 36538: University of London Press;
Ms 36539: University Park Press;
Ms 36540: University Press of Liverpool;
Ms 16452-3: Publishers Association;
Ms 29714: Hodder and Stoughton (Australia) Proprietary Limited;
Ms 29715: Hodder and Stoughton (New Zealand) Proprietary Limited.

The records of the subsidiaries sometimes form distinct series, but are often mixed with those of the parent company. In addition, some original archival groups were altered by the creation of artificial collections by John Attenborough in the course of writing his history (see Mss 16355-7, 16362, 29668-72).

The records also include some Hodder family documents including genealogical notes and some papers of the Publishers' Association.

Finally, the archive includes the private correspondence of Sir Ernest Hodder-Williams (chairman of Hodder and Stoughton 1902-27), described as "the greatest publisher of my time" by Sir Newman Flower (Mss 16368-70); and the papers of the last Chairman of the company, Philip Attenborough, who was responsible for depositing much of the later material and played a major role in safeguarding of the future of the archive.

Papers, 1827-1919, collected by the solicitors in the course of their work, comprising deeds and legal documents relating to properties in Saint John's Wood, Saint Marylebone and Hampstead including leases, assignments of leases, mortgages and an abstract of title.

Material relating to John Hodgkin's collection of cookery books, c 1900-1925, including glossaries on animal joins and types of fur and skin.

Papers collected by the solicitors in the course of their work, comprising schedule of deeds relating to 1, Vicarage Rd., Camberwell, belonging to Robert P. Whellock, 1868 and administration, with will annexed, of Samuel May, 32, Bridge Row, London, commercial traveller, 15 June, 1872 and 13 March 1879.

This collection consists of apprenticeship indentures. Occupations mentioned include plumber, shoe maker, furniture maker, household servant, card maker, haberdasher, brass founder, jeweller, goldsmith, grocer, glazier, tailor, auctioneer, dress maker, wif maker, carpet weaver, saddle maker, clock and watch maker, painter, printer, spur maker, smith, engraver and gold beater.

Corporate records of Hodgson's Kingston Brewery Company Limited, including Directors' meetings minutes, agenda books and attendance books; Kingston Management Committee minutes; registers of directors, members, shares, mortgages and bonds; share records; trust deeds; articles of association; and papers relating to the sale to Courage.

Financial records of Hodgson's Kingston Brewery Company Limited, including income tax papers; general ledgers; impersonal ledgers; private ledgers; special creditors ledgers; bought ledgers; purchase ledgers; bought journals; agreements; deeds; correspondence; estates journal; papers relating to the superannuation fund; and papers relating to compensation for employees on the closure of the brewery.

Records of Hodgson's Kingston Brewery Company Limited, mostly personal papers of the Hodgson family including correspondence; office diaries; printed circulars and pamphlets; and papers relating to insurance and loans.

Production records of Hodgson's Kingston Brewery Company Limited, including gyle book; stock book; schedule and valuation of plant and machinery.

Premises records of Hodgson's Kingston Brewery Company Limited, including particulars of estates, public houses, plant and machinery owned by the brewery; agreements; schedule of deeds and other legal documents; correspondence; rent rolls; insurance registers; repairs ledgers; maintenance order book; papers relating to tenants; plans and drawings; and photographs.

Records of Hodgson's Kingston Brewery Company Limited, including monthly record of trade deliveries to public houses; clubs bottles and boxes ledger; list of public houses with no slate clubs; and purchases of wine and spirits contracts ledger.

Staff records of Hodgson's Kingston Brewery Company Limited, including book of wages sheets; papers relating to compensation to employees on closure of Kingston Brewery and distribution of staff including proposals and offers; and papers relating to the staff Benevolent Fund.

Papers of the Hodson family relating to their properties in London, including

1. St. Martin's-le-Grand, City of London, property,
2. Southwark and Camberwell properties,
3. E. Wickham property, Kent,
4. Lambeth property,
5. Properties in London, Westminster, Islington and Fulham, formerly part of the estate of Elizabeth Pratt; found with the Hodson deeds,
6. Probates and deeds of unknown provenance, found with the Hodson deeds.

Papers of Annie Hoek-Wallach, c 1943, 1987, notably include an illustrated book entitled Ha-ha, Ja ja written and illustrated by Annie Hoek-Wallach, dedicated to her husband, Dr. Henri Hoek, c 1943; notes documenting the lives of Annie and Henri Hoek, placing the illustrated book Ha ha Ja ja in context, undated, and a possibly incomplete, taped interview with Annie Hoek-Wallach, 1987.

'Natural History. Part II: Vertebrated Animals. Biology and Natural History. Aves and Mammalia'. Author's holograph sketch-books, 1876-1877. These two uniform volumes contain carefully executed water-colour and pencil drawings of anatomical subjects, with neatly written legends. Inserted loose in the first volume are 7 coloured drawings of similar subjects, and two coloured charts of English rocks, etc. Both volumes are signed 'H. H. Hoffert. Royal School of Mines. South Kensington.' Produced in London.

Extraits des Livres de Physique, Médecine, Chirurgie, Pharmacie et Histoire Naturelle que j'ay lus et qui ne m'appartiennent pas; avec des Remarques tirées de quelques-uns de ces Ouvrages, et les Titres de ceux de mes livres sur ces Matières que j'ay lus. Author's holograph MSS. On the title of each volume the author describes himself as 'Maître ès Arts et en Chirurgie à Dijon, Chirurgien du Grand Hôpital, Pensionnaire de l'Académie des Sciences et Belles Lettres de la même Ville, et Associé de l'Académie Royale de Chirurgie'. The latest date in the last volume is 1755. Inside the first fly-leaf of each volume: '2 ll. 10s. Pour relieure, papier, etc. pour ce volume'. Produced in Dijon.

Letters Patent appointing Commissioners, 1811-1837; qualification books, containing signatures of Commissioners acknowledging their allegiance to the sovereign, 1812-1847; standing orders of the Court, 1812-1826; minutes, copies of warrants, and presentments, 1683-1688; minutes of the Commissioners, 1716-1847; General Committee minutes, 1813-1847; Committee of Accounts minutes, 1813-1847; Committee of Works minutes, 1818-1847; entries of bonds and contracts, 1814-1841; specifications for contracts for new sewers, 1839-1847; description and particulars of sewers built by contract, providing name of contractor, place, length of sewer, 1821-1837; out-letter books, 1812-1847; in-letter books, 1840-1847; petitions for new sewers, 1812-1848; petitions for drains from houses to sewers, 1812-1848; clerk's monthly reports upon sewers ordered to be built upon contributions being paid, 1842-1847; complaints and applications from householders and others, 1813-1848; Surveyor's order books, 1812-1846; Surveyor's report books, 1811-1847; financial records, 1812-1849; rate books, 1779-1848; a collection of the public statutes relating to sewers and the local acts for Holborn and Finsbury Division, 1830; registers of sewers, 1849; maps and plans, 1745-1846.

Records of the Holborn Poor Law Union, 1825-1931, including minutes of meetings of the Board of Guardians; reports and minutes of various Committees; orders of government departments; correspondence with government departments; general correspondence; regulations and instructions; settlement examinations; orders of removal to and from the Union; registers of lunatics; lunatic reception orders; registers for the Broad Street Workhouse, Endell Street Workhouse, City Road Workhouse (Saint Luke's Workhouse), Mitcham Workhouse and Vine Street Casual Wards; registers of apprentices; registers of children at schools; registers for Mitcham School; financial accounts and staff records.

Records of Holborn Petty Sessional Division, 1845-1956, including court minute books, court registers and licensing registers.

Court registers record the date of the hearing, the name of the informant or complainant (often the police), the name of the defendant, a brief note of the offence and the decision of the magistrate. Court minute books or notebooks are rough notes of the proceedings recording the gist of the evidence given.

Commonplace book by Henry Holden (MS.2863), plus notes by A W J Haggis of the Wellcome Historical Medical Museum (MS.8956) summarising the volume and comprising a contents list and some transcriptions.

Records of Lorna Holder and her fashion business including her final portfolio and photographs of her end of year fashion show for her graduation from Trent Polytechnic, Nottingham (1975); records of Ali Baba Trading Company, Oman (1976-1978) consist of photographs and film of the first televised fashion show in Oman, and correspondence and greeting cards; Davies & Field records include design sketches and portfolios containing sketches, textile samples and cuttings for female clothing during Lorna Holder's time as Head of Young Fashion (1979-1986).

Records of Lapaz, hairdressing and beauty salon (1985-1990) include premises correspondence, account books, photographs of Black hair models and styles and of the two salons, advertising and reference material including fashion magazines.

Records of Lorna Holder Couture from 1989 include design drawings for couture dresses, order book, and photographs of two dresses made by Lorna.

Records of Tuareg Productions Limited are not deposited. For further information on this company and its projects visit http://www.tuaregproductions.com/

Records of Full Spectrum Productions Limited consist of the project archive of Jamaica Hidden Histories (2012-2015) which document training, exhibition and events which had the aim to increase awareness of Jamaican presence in Britain. Included are some interviews with individuals of Jamaican heritage. This was the sixth project led by the company. Other projects and records of Full Spectrum Productions are not deposited.

Records of the Holford family, lawyers. Although the records relate to litigation in Chancery, they concern both the Holfords' professional activities as practising lawyers, and their private litigation as substantial landowners in Gloucestershire and Somerset and in connection with large sums of money which they placed out at interest.

The collection includes records relating to Sir Richard Holford's manor of Southover and Nyland near Wells in Somerset, 1667-1717 (Ms 15588). The division between these two professional and private fields of activity is indistinct, particularly in view of the known speculative practices of masters in Chancery with the funds of the suitors of the court.

Furthermore, a number of the papers of Sir Thomas Estcourt (fl 1660-80) appear to have become incorporated into the archive, probably having been transferred to Sir Richard Holford on Estcourt's retirement or death.

Rate books, apprentice indentures and other items relating to Saint Bartholomew the Great and other City of London parishes and institutions.

Records of Holland, Balfour and Hamilton, stockbrokers, comprising partnership agreements, ledgers and other financial material, correspondence and registers. The records are held off-site and therefore require 24 hours notice for access. Some records are subject to a 75 year closure period.

Papers of the Holland family relating to leasehold premises, 21 Shaftesbury Terrace, Warwick Road, Kensington (re-named and re-numbered 139 Warwick Road in 1890).

Papers of Cedric Holland including his Naval certificates of service (1906-1933) ; Midshipman's logs - HMS SUFFOLK/HMS IRRESISTIBLE (1906-1908) and HMS BULWARK (1908-1909) ; private journals from 1914 (HMS SHANNON), 1928/29 (HMS KENT) and 1935/36 (HMS KEMPENFELT). Also contained within the collection are documents relating to the MERS EL KEBIR affair of 1940, including several photographs of the British bombardment of the French Fleet. Holland, who was opposed to the use of force against the French, was sent in as chief negotiator and these documents contain valuable information relating to the negotiations, the controversy surrounding the British action and the attitude of the French navy. The collection also houses material relating to his time as naval representative of the Supreme Allied Commander, SE Asia during the Japanese surrender in September 1945. There is also a selection of photographs, press cuttings, letters, lecture notes and miscellaneous ephemera that document his Naval career.

The collection contains material dating from 1689 to 1936, although the bulk of it is eighteenth century. There are fifty-eight printed and manuscript volumes and four documents; the majority are English, but some are French and Dutch. They consist of signal books, fighting instructions, convoy instructions, books on the theory of signalling and sheets of private signals. There are also three mid-nineteenth-century merchant shipping volumes. There are a number of French, English and Dutch sailing and fighting instructions, 1689 to 1693; the majority of these are French and were issued by the Comte de Tourville (1642-1701). Also in French are sheets of additional signals, orders of battle, some printed and some manuscript, for this period. The eighteenth-century volumes include sailing and fighting instructions and signal books for the Seven Years War; among them are printed instructions issued in 1760 by Admiral Charles Saunders (1713?-1775), and signals issued in 1759 by the Marquis de Conflans. Examples from the American Revolutionary War include signals issued by Lord Howe, 1776, 1782; by Rear-Admiral Richard Kempenfelt (1718-1782), 1782; a signal book by Lieutenant (later Admiral) Sir Charles Henry Knowles (1754-1831), printed in 1778; and a manuscript signal book used by the fleet under the command of Le Comte de Guichen (1712-1790) in 1781; this uses a tabular system with thirteen flags to each side of the table.