Kenney , Jessie , 1887-1995 , suffragist

Jessie Kenney (1887-1995) was born in Lees, near Oldham, Lancashire in 1887 to Anne and Horatio Kenney. She was one of 11 children of whom her elder sister Annie, Jane, Nell and herself would later join the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), and all of whom would receive a remarkable education in the family home. From the age of thirteen to sixteen, Kenney worked in a local cotton mill becoming involved in the trade union there. In early 1905, she attended an event at the Oldham Trades Council with her sisters Annie and Jenny. Christabel Pankhurst and Teresa Billington-Greig addressed the meeting and from that moment Jessie and Annie would be involved in the women's suffrage movement. After a brief time working in the local area, Annie Kenney moved to London to become an activist. Jessie would soon follow her, becoming Pethick-Lawrence's private secretary at the age of 19. Two years later, she was appointed as a WSPU organiser in the group's Clement's Inn offices. In Jun 1908 she was arrested at a demonstration and imprisoned for a month and it was after this that her health became an ongoing problem. She stayed in the West Country with the Blathwayt family on a number of occasions to restore her and, in 1910, was taken on a holiday to Switzerland by Pethick-Lawrence. Her health seemed to be re-established and on her return she was appointed as the organiser of the Walthamstow branch of the WSPU. Two years later she undertook the groups operations at the South Hackney by-election but illness returned again and she was sent back to Switzerland the following year with lung disease. Kenney did not return immediately to London after her time in Switzerland but went to Paris to live with Christabel Pankhurst for a short time before beginning a gruelling routine which involved commuting to Glasgow every week to oversee the clandestine production of the 'Suffragette' newspaper. This lasted until the summer of 1914, when the activities of the Women's Social and Political Union were radically transformed and became focussed solely on the war effort. During the First World War Kenney travelled to America to organise the preliminary stages of the Pankhursts' Serbian Mission, returning to help organise the War Work procession which took place in Jul 1916. The following year, she accompanied Emmeline Pankhurst who undertook a ' Mission to the Women of Russia' which took place with the support of Lloyd George, then Prime Minister. The visit to Russia took place between Jun-Sep 1917, addressing meetings, meeting the leader of one of the Women's Battalions formed to repulse invaders of the country, as well as Kerensky, Prince Youssoupoff and Plenkhanov, the leader of the Menshevick party. After the war, she remained loyal to the Pankhursts and joined their Women's Party, but eventually moved to St Cloud near Paris and worked for the American Red Cross. In the 1930s she became a ship's steward but after the Second World War she settled permanently in Battersea and became the administrative secretary to one of the first comprehensive schools in Britain. At the end of her life she moved to a home in Essex where she died in 1985.