Identificatie
referentie code
Titel
Datum(s)
- 1945 (Vervaardig)
Beschrijvingsniveau
Omvang en medium
99 frames
Context
Naam van de archiefvormer
Biografie
On the eve of World War Two, the city of Lodz in Poland had a population of 665,000 people of which 34 per cent were Jews. The Jewish population was very active in the industrial sector and the community had a very vibrant cultural life, consisting of sports clubs theatres and newspapers. The Jewish community also produced many renowned authors, artists and poets.
After the German army occupied Lodz on 8 September 1939 there began a campaign of anti-semitic persecution of increasing severity reaching a peak with the creation of the Lodz ghetto, which was officially sealed off from the outside world on 1 May 1940. Thousands were brutalised and hundreds were murdered in the process. The ghetto was only ever conceived of as a temporary measure and ultimately it was planned to rid the city of its entire Jewish population. In the meantime the population of the ghetto, nominally represented by a council of Jewish elders, was forced to live in appalling overcrowded conditions with minimal food and no sanitation. 43,500 people died during the ghetto's existence mostly through starvation and disease.
The deportations, initially to Chelmno, began in January 1942. In total 70,000 inhabitants were sent to their deaths during this first stage. There followed a period of relative quiet when the ghetto became a giant labour camp. The death camp at Chelmno was reopened in June 1944 on the orders of Himmler, who wanted to finally liquidate the ghetto and over 7000 ghetto inmates were murdered in the space of 3 weeks. Another 65,000 Jews were deported to their deaths at Auschwitz during the remainder of 1944. The remaining 1000 Jews at Lodz were liberated by the Russians on 19 January 1945.
archiefbewaarplaats
Geschiedenis van het archief
GB 1556 WL 518 1945 collection 99 frames Unknown
On the eve of World War Two, the city of Lodz in Poland had a population of 665,000 people of which 34 per cent were Jews. The Jewish population was very active in the industrial sector and the community had a very vibrant cultural life, consisting of sports clubs theatres and newspapers. The Jewish community also produced many renowned authors, artists and poets.
After the German army occupied Lodz on 8 September 1939 there began a campaign of anti-semitic persecution of increasing severity reaching a peak with the creation of the Lodz ghetto, which was officially sealed off from the outside world on 1 May 1940. Thousands were brutalised and hundreds were murdered in the process. The ghetto was only ever conceived of as a temporary measure and ultimately it was planned to rid the city of its entire Jewish population. In the meantime the population of the ghetto, nominally represented by a council of Jewish elders, was forced to live in appalling overcrowded conditions with minimal food and no sanitation. 43,500 people died during the ghetto's existence mostly through starvation and disease.
The deportations, initially to Chelmno, began in January 1942. In total 70,000 inhabitants were sent to their deaths during this first stage. There followed a period of relative quiet when the ghetto became a giant labour camp. The death camp at Chelmno was reopened in June 1944 on the orders of Himmler, who wanted to finally liquidate the ghetto and over 7000 ghetto inmates were murdered in the space of 3 weeks. Another 65,000 Jews were deported to their deaths at Auschwitz during the remainder of 1944. The remaining 1000 Jews at Lodz were liberated by the Russians on 19 January 1945.
Jewish Central Information Office
Partial alphabetical list (letters R-Z) of names of the survivors of Lodz ghetto, Poland, during World War Two, including date of birth and last known address (1939). Created, 13-27 June 1945.
Alphabetical
Open
Copies can be made for personal use. Permission must be sought for publication.
N/A
Microfilm
Description exists to this archive on the Wiener Library's online catalogue www.wienerlibrary.co.uk
Wiener Collection, Tel Aviv University, Israel
The following is a list of additional document collections held at the Wiener Library on the subject of the Lodz ghetto: 1416; 559; 1048; 1578; 1387; 557; 539a; 578; 1118; 1610; 1569; 611; 629.
Sources: The Holocaust Encylopedia, Walter Laqueur, editor, (Yale University Press, 2001). Entry by Howard Falksohn. Compiled in compliance with General International Standard Archival Description, ISAD(G), second edition, 2000; National Council on Archives Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997. Oct 2007 Wars (events) Antisemitism Concentration camps Eastern Europe European history Genocide Humanitarian law International conflicts Lodz Lodz ghetto, Poland National history Nazism Poland Polish history Political doctrines Racial discrimination Racial segregation Totalitarianism War War crimes World wars (events) World War Two (1939-1945)
Directe bron van verwerving of overbrenging
Jewish Central Information Office
Inhoud en structuur
Bereik en inhoud
Partial alphabetical list (letters R-Z) of names of the survivors of Lodz ghetto, Poland, during World War Two, including date of birth and last known address (1939). Created, 13-27 June 1945.
Waardering, vernietiging en slectie
Aanvullingen
Ordeningstelsel
Alphabetical
Voorwaarden voor toegang en gebruik
Voorwaarden voor raadpleging
Open
Voorwaarden voor reproductie
Copies can be made for personal use. Permission must be sought for publication.
Taal van het materiaal
- Engels
Schrift van het materiaal
- Latijn
Taal en schrift aantekeningen
N/A
Fysieke eigenschappen en technische eisen
The following is a list of additional document collections held at the Wiener Library on the subject of the Lodz ghetto: 1416; 559; 1048; 1578; 1387; 557; 539a; 578; 1118; 1610; 1569; 611; 629.
Toegangen
Description exists to this archive on the Wiener Library's online catalogue www.wienerlibrary.co.uk
Verwante materialen
Bestaan en verblifplaats van originelen
Bestaan en verblijfplaats van kopieën
Related units of description
Notitie Publicaties
Aantekeningen
Aantekening
Alternative identifier(s)
Trefwoorden
Onderwerp trefwoord
- Interethnic relations » Ethnic discrimination » Antisemitism
- Humanitarian law » War crimes » Concentration camps
- National history » European history
- Humanitarian law » War crimes » Genocide
- Humanitarian law
- International conflicts
- National history
- Political doctrines » Totalitarianism » Nazism
- Political doctrines
- Interethnic relations » Ethnic discrimination » Racial segregation
- Political doctrines » Totalitarianism
- International conflicts » War
- Humanitarian law » War crimes
Geografische trefwoorden
Naam ontsluitingsterm
Genre access points
Beschrijvingsbeheer
Identificatie van de beschrijving
Identificatiecode van de instelling
Toegepaste regels en/of conventies
Compiled in compliance with General International Standard Archival Description, ISAD(G), second edition, 2000; National Council on Archives Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997.
Status
Niveau van detaillering
Verwijdering van datering archiefvorming
Taal (talen)
- Engels