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Born, 1830; educated: private school at Cheam, Surrey, 1839-1842 and Westminster School, 1842-1844; joined the Royal Navy as a cadet; first sailed on HMS COLLINGWOOD to South America; transferred to the Arctic squadron and sailed on the ASSISTANCE in search of Franklin, 1850-1851; left the Royal Navy; expedition to Peru, 1852-1853; returned to England and took up a position at what was to become the India Office, 1854; commissioned to carry from Peru to India seeds of the cinchona tree; built up the geographical department of the India Office in London; took unauthorized leave to sail to Greenland with the north polar expedition, 1867-1868, and was obliged to resign in 1877 as a consequence; Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (RGS), 1853-1916; one of the Society's Honorary Secretaries, 1863-1888; President of the RGS, 1893-1905; died, 1916.
Publications: Franklin's Footsteps
(1853)
Cuzco … and Lima
(1856)
Travels in Peru and India
(1862)
Peruvian Bark
(1880)
Memoir on the Indian Surveys
(1871)
History of the Abyssinian Expedition
(1869),
Richard III
(1906)