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Born 1871; educated at Charterhouse School, and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; 2nd Lt, Royal Artillery, 1891; Lt, 1894; served with Royal Field Artillery in Second Boer War, 1899-1902; Capt, 1900; Adjutant, 1904-1905; attended Staff College, 1905-1906; Special Employment, Army Headquarters, 1905-1906; Staff Capt to the Inspector of Royal Horse and Royal Field Artillery, 1907-1908; General Staff Officer, Grade 3, Aldershot Command, 1908-1911; Maj, 1909; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, Staff College, Quetta, India, 1912-1914; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, Staff College, Camberley, Surrey, 1914; temporary Lt Col, 1914; General Staff Officer, Grade 2, 4 Div, BEF (British Expeditionary Force), 1914; General Staff Officer, Grade 1, 4 Div, and temporary Col, 1914-1915; Brevet and substantive Lt Col, 1915; Brig Gen, General Staff, and Chief of General Staff, 4 Corps, BEF (British Expeditionary Force), 1915-1916; Brevet Col, 1916; Maj Gen, General Staff, and Chief of General Staff, 4 Army, BEF (British Expeditionary Force), 1916-1919; Maj Gen, 1917; Chief of General Staff, British Army of the Rhine, 1919; Deputy Chief of General Staff, India, 1920-1922; Commander, 53 (Welsh) Territorial Div, Western Command, 1922-1923; Commander 1 Div, Aldershot Command, 1923-1926; Lt Gen, 1926; assumed additional name of Massingberd, 1926; General Officer Commanding in Chief, Southern Command, 1928-1931; Gen, 1930; Adjutant General to the Forces, 1931-1933; Aide de Camp General to HM King George V, 1931-1935; Chief of the Imperial General Staff, 1933- 1936; FM, 1935; Col Commandant, Royal Artillery, 1927-1941; Col Commandant, Royal Tank Corps, 1934-1939; Col Commandant, 20 Burma Rifles, 1935; Col Commandant, Royal Malta Artillery, 1937-1941; Honorary Col, 46 (Lincoln Regt) Anti-Aircraft Bn, 1937; died, 1947. Publications: The story of the Fourth Army in the battles of the hundred days, August 8th-November 11th, 1918 (Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1920).