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The Education Department of the Middlesex County Council may be described as one of the most important, progressive and vital public services provided by the council throughout its history. The Middlesex Education Authority, following its inception in 1903, stood as a pioneer in numerous aspects of its work. Previously various attempts had been made to provide public education, since the passing of legislation in 1870. School Boards were abolished by the 1902 Education Act and replaced by Local Education Authorities (LEAs), which were, in effect, the county councils or county borough councils. On 31 March 1965 the Middlesex County Council ceased to exist under the terms of the 1963 London Government Act. Education in the former County of Middlesex became the responsibility of the newly created London boroughs covering the area of the former administrative county.
From the time of their creation in 1889, county councils had been obliged to provide small public library centres in schools, although these were gradually replaced by public library buildings. County library services were set up as a result of the passing of the Public Libraries Act in 1919. Middlesex County Council was responsible for the library service in the districts of Feltham, Friern Barnet, Harrow, Hayes and Harlington, Ruislip and Northwood, Potters Bar, Southgate, Staines, Sunbury-on-Thames, Uxbridge, Wembley and Yiewsley, and West Drayton.