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Swallow Street Meeting House was built by a congregation of French Protestants in 1692. By 1709 the membership had fallen and it was decided to offer the lease of the chapel to a Presbyterian congregation which had been meeting in rooms in Glass House Street, Piccadilly. They took over the building in 1710.
In 1843 some members of the Established Church of Scotland broke away to form the Free Church of Scotland. The Swallow Street congregation were divided over which church they should follow. It was decided to stay with the Established Church, however, two Elders and some congregation left the church to form a Free Church establishment. They began meeting at the Marylebone Literary and Scientific Institution on Edwards Street off Portman Square and applied to be recognised by the Presbyterian Church of England. The Church subsequently moved to Upper George Street, Bryanstone Square.