Jenner's diary, 1787-1806, containing his observations on the natural history of the cuckoo, and notes on his dissections of other birds and various domestic animals.

Latham's papers, c.1797-1811, include his notebooks on food and digestion, materia medica and therapeutics, c.1797-1811, and his unpublished dissertation on asthma, in his hand, c. 1810.

Latham's papers, 1838-1871, include his casebook, 1838-39, and his lectures on fever and the pulse, in his hand, 1871.

Sir James Paget's index to references for medical biographies, intended for the Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (1842-44), c.1844.

Papers of Herbert Ritchie Spencer including medical notebook with notes of lectures by Sydney Ringer, University College, London 1882; Scrapbook 1896-1936 and abstract of 658 ovariotomies performed by Spencer.

Scientific and other papers sent to the Royal Society, presented at meetings of Fellows, or commissioned by the Society. They form a complementary series to the Early Letters, both of which were superseded by the Letters and Papers. Many of these items, referred to as the 'Guard Books', are duplicated in the Register Book of the Society. The classification is a simplified form of the 'Philosophical Transactions' abridgment by John Lowthorp. This arrangement was completed in 1741 by Thomas Birch. The majority of the papers in these volumes are manuscript, but a few printed documents occur throughout the series. Some of the papers are earlier in date than the grant on 15 July 1662 of the First Charter to the Society. The Committee of Trades seems to have been associated with the earlier meetings of those philosophers who subsequently became Fellows, and produced a number of practical papers, some of which were written in 1639 and which are mostly found in Volume 3(i). There are still earlier documents, mostly in Volume 25, which may have been included in the gift, in 1667, of the Arundel Library.

Papers of William Robert Gibson, 1886, comprising a manuscript notebook containing medical and chemical receipts; newspaper cuttings; and an article on skin, 1889.

Papers of Johannis Freer, 1744, comprising a volume titled Sum ex Libris Johannis Freer. Tyr. Henric. Hollier Pharmacop. Birmingham. Octob. 24 1744. Observationes Chirurgicae, containing notes from lectures, published lectures and anatomical demonstrations, on topics including blood, bones, the eye, Catarracts, the ear, and midwifery. Lecturers include Dr Nicholds, Dr Harvey, Mr Sharp, Mr Girl, Mr Fern, Mr Cheselden, Mr John Douglas, Mr Craddock, and Dr Monro. Venues of lectures include St Thomas' and Guys Hospital.

Papers of Robert Horton, early 19th century, comprising a manuscript volume titled Anatomy Notebook, Horton containing notes on subjects such the central nervous system, bones, joints, ligaments, blood vessels, testicles, brain, ear, eye and heart. The volume is undated but there is a watermark of 1818. In addition, on page 103, Horton mentions the discovery of a membrane in the eye by Dr Jacob. Jacobs Membrane, a layer of the retina containing rods and cones was first described in 1819 by Irish Opthalmic surgeon Arthur Jacobs (1790-1874). Therefore the volume can be dated to after 1819, and was probably written in the early 19th century.

Papers of John Lizars Lizars and Henry Robert Silvester, 1854-1856, comprising a manuscript volume of notes started by Lizars, as a Student in Anatomy, relating to work on preparations and dissections, reading in the Library, and attending hospital days,1853-1854. His work is countersigned by Frederic Carpenter Skey (Professor of Anatomy and Surgery from 1852) and Edward Stanley (Member of Council 1835-1862 and President 1848 and 1857); the notes are then continued by Silvester, as a Student in Human and Comparative Anatomy, relating to daily activites, including drawings and paintings of specimens, dissections, work with preparations, hospital visits and cataloguing, 1855-1856.

48 paintings of Ear, Nose and Throat subjects, 20th century, comprising paintings on board, stamped on the back with 'Kreutle Ferencz...Budapest...'. (Ferencz Kreutle was a Hungarian publisher.) The drawings were located in a package labelled 'For the attention of Professor Michael, Institute of Laryngology.'

Papers relating to Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim, c 1795 - early 19th century, comprising a volume titled Experiments on the Swimming Bladder of Fishes. Translation from the German of Gotthelf Fischer, containing an English trranslation of Versuch uber die Schwimmblase der Fische (Leipzig 1795) by Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim. The translator is not known.

Papers of Albert Wilson, c1870, comprising a volume titled [H]uman [P]athology, Prof. Saunders, 2 containing manuscript notes by Wilson, taken at the Pathology lectures of Professor Sanders at Edinburgh University; and a loose sheet containing notes on Tubercular Phthisis. The sheet of paper is from the Edinburgh Medical-Missionary Society's Training Institution and Dispensary at No 39 Cowgate. Wilson was resident physician at the Cowgate Dispensary.

Papers of William Wadd, [c1806-1807], comprising 3 volumes of anatomical pencil drawings by Wadd, including bones, tumours, growths and deformities.

Papers of Sir Everard Home, 1817-1832, comprising a volume of 65 letters to and from Home. Correspondents include the Duke of Wellington, the Duke of Cumberland, and Sir Joseph Banks.

Papers of Richard Phillips Jones, 1817-c1818, comprising a volume of manuscript notes by Jones, taken at lectures by Sir Benjamin Brodie, and Sir Everard Home, in the Library of St George's Hospital, 1817-c1818, covering topics such as head injuries, fractures, hernias, stricture, prostate diseases, bladder stones, and amputations; and lists of names and locations, possibly of Baptist Ministers, written in a different hand.

Original Drawings of the Mammalian Eye by George Lindsay Johnson created for paper in 'Philosophical Transactions' B Volume 194, 1 and Volume 254, 207.

Papers of William Sharpey including copy letters, correspondence including from Neil Arnott, George Gabriel Stokes and James Newton Heale and notes by Sharpey, some on Royal Society business.

Papers of Francis Trevelyan Buckland, 1826-1872, comprising 2 commonplace books (1826-1860, 1860-1872) containing newspaper cuttings; letters, including some from Sir Benjamin Brodie, Richard Owen and John Quekett; photographs; and miscellaneous items collected by Buckland. Also including a volume titled Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of the Physiological Series of Comparative Anatomy contained in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons in London: Vol. 1 (1852) presented to Buckland in 1864 by the Council in recognition of his work in identifying the coffin of John Hunter, so that it could be reinterred in Westminster Abbey. Inserted in the volume are letters and other information relating to this event, including rubbings of John Hunter's coffin plate.

Papers of George Langstaff, 1799-1842, comprising 2 volumes of commonplace books, 1818-c 1838; correspondence concerning preparations purchased by the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1842; Diurnal remarks of a voyage from Calcutta to old England, by G Langstaff, Surgeon, Ship Phoenix (1799) including a transcript by S Wood, 1799-1801; catalogue of the anatomical preparations forming the George Langstaff Museum, 1820; manuscript of miscellaneous preparations, 1799-1842; catalogue of the Langstaff Museum titled Heart, early 19th century; manuscript list of preparations titled Abridged History of the Museum, early 19th century; lecture notes, 1785-1816; and an explanation of John Abernethy's paintings of Lithotomy, 1804.

Papers of D Becquet, 1750, comprising a manuscript volume in Latin, titled D. joh. Georgio Waltherio Silva Ophthalmica exscripta, ... Budissa 1679. Collecta D Becquet 1750 compiled from Johann Georg Walther's Silva Opthalmica... (1679), on the diseases of the eye.

Papers of Sir Albert James Walton, 1904-1945, comprising a notebook on Botany and Zoology, early 20th century; notebook on Anatomy and Embryology, 1904-c1911; and an album of drawings of gall stones, bile ducts, and stomal ulcers, 1928-1945.

The Hamilton letters, 1748-1788, comprising 3 letters from John Hunter to Professor William Hamilton (1758-1790), 1783-1788; 3 letters from the donor Louisa Hamilton to Sir Arthur Keith, 1928; letter from Reverend William Hamilton, Minister of Bothwell, to his son Thomas Hamilton (d 1782), 18 Oct 1748; 2 letters and transcripts from Dr William Irvine to Thomas Hamilton (d 1782), 1771; 4 letters from William Hamilton (1758-1790) to his mother, 1777-[1778] and 7 letters to his father, 1777-[1778], referring to his activities in London, including his acquaintance with William and John Hunter and the attendance of their lectures.

Papers of David Saunders-Davies, 1778, comprising a volume of manuscript notes by Saunders-Davies, titled Some Notes of Anatomical Lectures, Delivered by Dr Hunter, November 1778.

Papers of William Cooke, 1790-1815, comprising a volume of manuscript notes by Cooke, of lectures by John Abernethy at St Bartholomew's Hospital, including anatomy, physiology, and bone diseases, 1806; a volume of manuscript notes by Cooke, of anatomical lectures by John Abernethy at St Bartholomew's Hospital, including notes on Dr Powell's and Dr Robert's Lectures on Medicine, 1806; a volume of manuscript notes by Cooke, of lectures by John Abernethy at St Bartholomew's Hospital, titled Extracts from Mr Abernethy's Lectures on Surgery 1806, including additions dated 1815, and a section titled Extracts from Cooper on Hernia relating to Sir Astley Cooper, 1806-1815; a volume of manuscript notes by Cooke, of surgical lectures by Henry Cline, including notes on bandages, and Goulard's Preparations of Lead, 1800; 2 volumes of manuscript notes by an unidentified hand, of lectures delivered by Osborn and Clark, titled Lectures on the Theory and Practice of Midwifery and the diseases of Women and Children by Drs Osborn and Clark 1790-1791, including manuscript notes probably taken by Cooke, of lectures by Andrew Thynne, dated Oct 1805.

Papers of Sir Charles Bell, early 19th century-1842, comprising drawings by Sir Charles Bell, early 19th century; and letters and miscellaneous material, 1821-1842.

Papers of John Bell, late 18th century- early 19th century, comprising a watercolour painting by Bell, of the Dutch Vice Admiral Rutzius, who was mortally wounded in the Battle of Camperdown in Oct 1797; a reproduction of the watercolour which was made for Gordon Gordon-Taylor in 1951, for an article in the British Journal of Surgery; and annnotated pencil drawings of the bones of the skull.

Papers of William Newland, 1789, comprising a volume of manuscript notes taken by Newland of the anatomical lectures of Henry Cline, titled Lectures by Henry Cline, St Thomas' Hospital, London. Notes taken by William Newland, 1789; and a continuing volume of manuscript notes taken by Newland of the anatomical lectures of Henry Cline, including information on the art of making preparations.

Papers of Richard Wilson Brown, 1821-1823, comprising a volume of manuscript notes taken by Brown at the lectures of Sir Astley Cooper (1821-1822), Joseph Henry Green, and John Abernethy (1822); including notes from Sir Charles Bell's Operative Surgery, 1823.

Papers of William Home Clift, 1825-1832, comprising manuscript notes and sketches by Clift, taken at lectures given by Sir Charles Bell, on topics including sensory organs, hernia, and lythotomy, 1827; notes and sketches by Clift and J Streeten, taken at lectures on surgery given by Sir Charles Bell, on topics including mechanical construction of the body, the structure and growth of teeth, and the nervous system, 1828; notes by Clift and Sir Richard Owen titled Rough Account of Diagrams, Preparations etc., used at the Lectures 1828, containing lists of diagrams for lectures by Sir Charles Bell and Joseph Henry Green; notes by Clift titled Lectures 1832. Mr Guthrie and Sir Charles Bell. Commenced Tuesday February 28th, Terminated Saturday May 5th. WH Clift; reports by Clift to the Board of Curators, on the progress of the catalogue of monsters and osteological items, and other activities in the museum, 1829-1831; and colour drawings of fish by Clift, 10 Jun 1825.