Records of the Middlesex County Council Health Department relating to care and after care, 1944-1965, including papers relating to the care of tuberculosis patients; papers relating to chiropody clinics; papers relating to mother and baby homes; papers regarding the provision of nursing equipment; papers relating to the provision of invalid kitchens and laundry services.

Papers relating to the Health Education Scheme including lecture notes; public information film '52 Small Bones' on the care of children's feet; papers of the Smoking and Lung Cancer Committee; papers of the Fluoridation Information Service; policy relating to accidents in the home; papers relating to diabetes; papers regarding Well Women's Clinics, and papers regarding venereal diseases. Also papers relating to recuperative holidays including registers of cases; sample of case papers of those sent on recuperative holidays, and registers of recuperative holidays for children.

Records of the Middlesex County Council Health Department relating to the dental section, 1922-1965, including orthodontic treatment policy; dental education to aid in the conservation of teeth; dental treatment in schools; research and investigation into sodium fluoride; dental prosthetics; dental anaesthetics; Ministry of Education circulars; Ministry of Health Circulars, and press cuttings.

Records of the Middlesex County Council Health Department relating to school health, 1944-1965, including general files relating to: juvenile delinquency, physically disabled pupils, special schools, blind and partially sighted pupils, education of the deaf, residential schools, epilepsy, mentally deficient pupils, medical inspections, ear, nose and throat clinics, dermatological survey of schoolchildren, provision of medicines and vitamins, child guidance centres, holiday camps for diabetic and epileptic children, speech therapy, first aid equipment, accidents, employment of children, 'latch-key' children, school canteens, head lice, ophthalmic treatment, colour vision testing, orthopaedic treatment, physiotherapy, surveys of the health and development of children, precautions against tuberculosis, vaccination, maladjusted children, dyslexia, control of infectious diseases and school meals.

Records of Hillingdon Hospital, 1930-1963, including male and female admission registers, military admission and discharge registers, death registers and casualty registers; annual reports of the Medical Superintendent and Medical Director; reports relating to staff grading; papers relating to costs and maintenance; architectural plans and circular from the Ministry of Health regarding regional hospital areas.

These records consist of photographs of the staff of the Southern Hospital, Dartford; and plans of Gore Farm Convalescent Hospital, Gore Farm Lower Hospital, Southern Lower Hospital, Southern Hospital and Mabledon Park, Darenth.

Material relating to Stuart Craddock's research while working with Alexander Fleming, 1909-2000, in particular on penicillin and acne, a personal manuscript memoir of Fleming, and correspondence with Fleming, Lady Fleming, Ronald Hare, Prof F Bustinza of Madrid, Norman Heatley and others, also some personalia.

One notebook on practical chemical analysis while at St Hilda's School Cheltenham, notebooks of lectures and courses while a student at London School of Medicine for Women, notes of cases seen while medical student, some later notebooks on matters of medical and surgical interest, and accounting lectures, diploma from the Comité Britannique de la Croix Rouge Française for service to France during the First World War, resolution from the Medical Women's Federation congratulating her on being made a Dame of the British Empire.

MS. 3352: Copy dated c1805 of a journal of a voyage from London to Cochin-China, 11 September 1792-15 June 1793. Note on verso of leaf 2 signed 'J.B.' (Sir John Barrow (1764-1848), Secretary to the Admiralty, and founder of the Royal Geographical Society) states 'This journal was written by Lord Macartney on board the Lion merely for his own amusement and to pass away a few heavy hours on a very long sea voyage'. MS. 5746: Correspondence and papers relating to medical services in Madras, 1782-1787, comprising 2 letters to Macartney from John Ruding, surgeon, Chingleput, 1782, 1783; letter to Macartney from James Hodges, Masulipatam, 1783; letter to Macartney from George Bell (d.1789), surgeon, Tanjore, 1783; Committee Minute on a proposal by Macartney for a fixed establishment of surgeons, 1784; letter to Macartney from Terence Gahagan, surgeon, enclosing a copy of his plan for the reform of the medical department, Vellore, 1787 (the plan is addressed to Macartney's successor as Governor of Fort St George, Madras, Sir Archibald Campbell).

Rogers' holograph manuscript. Volume 1 is entitled 'Obituaries of eminent persons'. Volume 2 (dated on the title 1847) is entitled 'Obituary of eminent persons and private friends', and is illustrated by 32 tinted photographs. Among the photographs are those of: Sir Charles Hastings (1774-1866); Sir William Jackson Hooker (1785-1865); and Sir Joseph Paxton (1804-1865). The volumes contain numerous biographies of doctors and scientists who died during the period of the record. The obituaries include various figures of Australasian interest such as Sir Stamford Raffles (1781-1826); Rev. Daniel Tyerman, missionary; George Bennet, missionary (fl.1812-1841); Rev. Thomas Slatyer, missionary, Samoa; and Colonel Robert Torrens (fl.1837).Each volume contains a stipple engraved portrait of the compiler, and his armorial book-plate.

Correspondence and papers of Thomas Bickerton, 1884-1927, mainly concerning professional matters. The papers reflect Bickerton's interest in colour blindness, and his studies of seamen and railwaymen in this respect. Also his work at Liverpool Medical Institution is well documented, with details of opthalmic surgery and case photographs surviving.

Two volumes of notes, on medical and chemical books, and on diseases and their treatment, c 1800-1823.

The collection comprises correspondence, writings and administrative material relating to the Jenner family, particularly Dr. Edward Jenner (pioneer of smallpox vaccination) and the associated Black and Davies families, 1680-1877.

The material on Edward Jenner includes papers relating to organisations set up in the aftermath of his vaccination discoveries: the National Vaccine Establishment, the Royal Jennerian Society and the London Vaccine Institution.

Notes on anatomy and physiology illustrated with many carefully executed anatomical drawings in coloured inks. At the end of Vol. II, are a few notes on surgery, dated 1873.

Notes on Herman Boerhaave's lectures and material extracted from his publications, with some material by others, 18th century.

An interleaved copy of the first volume of John Brown's, Elementa medicinae, 1st ed. (Edinburgh: C. Elliot, 1780), with incomplete holograph MS. translation by Robert Batty [1763-1849]. Pasted inside the cover of Vol. 1 is an engraved portrait of Dr. Brown by James Heath [1757-1834] after John Donaldson's [1737-1801] miniature; and inside that of the second volume, an engraving of the same by John Caldwall [ -1819], published in 1799.

Reports of Thomas Lauder Brunton's lectures on therapeutics and notes from a lecture on chloroform with three fragments of lectures on eye affections, on the effects of alcohol, and the effect of drugs on the brain given at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1892-[1895].

The majority of the collection is made up of journals kept by Buckle during the years 1866-1870, during which he travelled to South America, South Africa and Australia (there are also periods during which he was stationed at Portsmouth). There are some lacunae in the sequence of diaries. There is also one autograph album kept by Buckle relating partly to his own affairs (his application to become House Surgeon at the West Norfolk and Lynn Hospital, 1863-1864) but also including older material predating his birth.

Notes of lectures by Giuseppe Canziani, on veterinary medicine, anatomy, physiology and phrenology, [1840-1845].

Dissertations on various subjects, probably all by Joachimus Castaldus of Naples on 'De Morbis', 'De Morbis Puerorum', 'Pharmaceutica' and 'De febribus malignis'.

Traité d'opérations de Chirurgie. Rédigé d'après les Leçons de Mr. Desault, chirurgien en chef de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Paris. Revu et corrigé par lui-même. Manuscrit par Victor Gueudeville, l'un de ses Élèves. Vol. I. Opérations de la tête, du col, et de la poitrine (436 pp.); II. Maladies des voyes urinaires, de la verge, des bourses, et de l'anus, aneurisme, amputation (375 pp.). Produced in Paris.

Clinical lectures by Andrew Duncan delivered at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, and lectures on the theory and practice of medicine: notes taken by students, 1775-1787. Produced in Edinburgh.

Lectures in Midwifery by William Lowder, 1780-1805, in some cases collaborating with John Haighton.

Papers of Godfrey William Hambleton including holograph MSS and corrected typescripts, mainly relating to Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Produced in London, 1878-1914.

Alchemical writings by Hollandus and others, early-mid 18th century; item 1: Traité d'ouvrages minéraux, ou de la Pierre des Philosophes. There are some small pen-drawings of alchemical apparatus in some inner margins. Inserted as a frontispiece, is a symbolic [?] sepia drawing of a man rescuing a child from drowning in a lake. This work was first published-in German-in 1600 at Middelburg: no record of a French translation has been traced.

On the first fly-leaf 'Anne Cath. Phelps' [c. 1820?], and on the first leaf 'F. Hearne. Jan'y 7. 1865'; item 2: Testament de Jean Isaac ou opération minérale: traduite du flammand en latin par Jaques de Zomere. With extracts from other writings of Hollandus, and from other alchemical authors. Illustrated with numerous small drawings in pen and ink and wash of alchemical apparatus, some in the margins and others interpolated in the text. Pp 167-173 contain seven water-colour drawings of furnaces, etc, of which some are unfinished or uncoloured. The tract entitled 'Donum Dei' (pp. 457-498) is illustrated with 12 symbolical alchemical vessels in water-colour. The last 9 pp. are by a different and later hand, and the last page is in cypher. Contents: (1) Testament: (pp. 1-306); (2) Miscellaneous alchemical receipts (pp. 307-314); (3) Uguictius[?]. Dialogue touchant la composition de la pierre des philosophes tiré d'un traité de Hugontion de Pise (pp. 314-322); (4) Almasatus. Le philosophe Almazat de la coagulation du mercure (pp. 322-324); (5) Grand ouvrage du Plomb par Jean Isaac (pp. 325-344); (6) Ouvrage manuel d'Isaac pour tirer la quinte essence de fuxxuge[?] (pp. 345-371); (7) [Anon.] Work beginning: 'Le corps humain est d'une nature plus tempérée que tous les autres corps', and ending: 'et travaillés avec bonne espérance' (pp. 371-386); (8) Almasatus. Abbrégé du livre que envoiat Almasatus Mahomette à l'Archevêcque de Saragouse (pp. 386-400); (9) Bernhardus Trevisanus. Practicque du Conte Trévisan (pp. 400-415); (10) Traité véridique de M. le philosophe authentique touchant la composition de la pierre bénite (pp. 415-431); (11) Jean de Tirlemont. De l'abrégé de Jean de Tirlemont, célèbre philosophe. Parabole (pp. 432-435); (12) Fabricius (J.)[?]. Fabrice, Pédagogue de S. A. le Prince de Liège (Joseph Clemens, Elector of Bavaria [1671-1723]) étant à Rome a appris de M. Orbion et l'Ange ce qui suit (pp. 435-450); (13) Oeuvre philosophique particulière par le dissolvant de $h (pp. 451-456); (14) [Dastin (J.)]. Donum Dei. Manuscrit de chimie (pp. 457-498); (15) Quintessence de $h dissolvant universel (pp. 499-513); (16) Descriptions évidentes et fidèles des plus excellens remèdes des minéraux dont les plus habiles physiciens ont coûtume de se servir (pp. 515-577); (17) Rares secrets touchant diverses préparations de minéraux et de métaux (pp. 577-699). See Notes for more information on individual texts.

Notes of lectures (on medical jurisprudence), on cases, and on diseases such as material on digestion and on hip disease, 1877-[1885].

'A Manuscript of Medical Reviews in a new concise and exact Collection from the Ancient and Modern Authors; distinguished ... from all former Collections by the addition of referent marginal letters shewing from what Author any sentence of paragraph is taken; and by figures referring to the prior Authors of matters and points commonly found in some modern Accounts'. The second volume has a title-page (p. 938), 'The Art of Physick. The Principles of Physick or the General Institutions and Fundamentals of that Art; delivered in its proper Method and Division. And with the modern corrections and additions'. There are several indexes, and the manuscript exhibits a very wide knowledge of 17th century medical writings. On the verso of the last leaf of Volume II is an inscription 'All my Observations and most extraordinary Medicines are posted to this Book from my Day Book and from the Doctor's Files to this Jan. 5th 1714-15.' 'And to this Aprill the 4th 1716'. 'And to this February the 4th 1717-18'. The latest date found is 31 July 1719 in an added note on p. 764. 'William Chalk, 152 Grosvenor Street Camberwell' is faintly written in pencil inside the upper cover of Volume II. He has also made a calculation of dates, based on the year 1844 beneath the author's dates as given above. Produced in Watford?

Lectures delivered at Dr. Affleck's Class of Physic, Surgeons Hall, Edinburgh. Winter Session 1897-1898: On the Practice of Medicine. Holograph notes taken by Dr John Dixon Comrie [1875-1939]. Written on the rectos only, with inserted printed summaries pasted in: and in Vol. I, a 'General Outline of the Course'. Produced in Edinburgh.

Four lecture notebooks of Hedwig (Hedy) Lehmann when she was a medical student, covering the period 1942-1945. These items shed light on the curriculum and teaching methods in nursing training in England during the Second World War period. With additional original and copy documents relating to H Lehmann and her nursing career, and transcript of an interview H Lehmann gave to historians Sybille Baumbach and Beate Meyer in London May 1991 investigating the history of the Jewish community in Hamburg during the years up to and including the Second World War.

Notes of lectures on surgery by Andouille, noted in the form of questions and answers. Produced in Paris, 1735-1750.

Papers of Arthur Cushny including correspondence and other items of personal and career interest; manuscripts and notes; photocopies of his correspondence with Dr J J Abel of Johns Hopkins University, 1889-1926 and Sir John McMichael's files relating to Cushy, 1970-1978.

Papers of Sir Alan Sterling Parkes, 1926-1988, with a particular bias to the diverse bodies (official, voluntary, and international) which which Parkes was involved through his interests in reproductive biology, endocrinology, scientific publishing, low-temperature biology, and global population issues (among others). There is a large selection of mostly identified photographs.

The vast majority of the material relates to Dent's research and clinical interests and falls into four main categories: correspondence files; files created around the publication of papers; lecture notes and symposium papers; and case/research notes. There are also smaller quantities dealing with other aspects of his career, such as the administration of UCH Metabolic Ward. The papers thus reflect most of Dent's scientific and clinical interests. This research is mainly represented by the abstracted documentation which he kept with drafts of his published papers (see section E.1) and also by correspondence about cases and clinical case notes (see section C.5). To a lesser degree they also illustrate the work at the laboratory bench which underpinned much of this research. For example, a file of unidentified paper chromatograms has been preserved (C.2/10) to illustrate one of Dent's methods of working, as described by his colleague, Heathcote, and quoted in the Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, 1978: 'Paper chromatograms were not to be thrown away. They were filed and, since the colours faded, the outline of each spot was drawn in and the intensity of the colour was indicated by a number.' The way in which Dent compiled a large series of files around drafts of scientific papers also illustrates the importance of the published paper to him as a stage in the research process. An incomplete collection of reprints of Dent's published papers may be found in section E.2 of the collection.

Papers of Dame Harriette Chick: this collection represents a relatively limited record of Chick's long and active career. It is particularly strong on the period around her important work in Vienna, 1919-1921, and includes some material relating to other research on nutritional questions.

Papers of Charles Montague Fletcher including material relating to his father and the various organisations that Fletcher was involved in, including ASH, section J, from 1983-1995; Institute of Medical Ethics, section F, 1992-1993; and the working party for patient information leaflets covering the period 1980 - 1990, section F. Section C comprises articles and correspondence for the period 1984-1993, relating to Fletcher's involvement in the clinical trials of penicillin. Section D concerns Fletcher's work in television and communication skills of the medical profession, 1967-1983. Other issues touched upon include general material on smoking, pneumoconiosis and asthma; euthanasia, including some material on the Voluntary Euthanasia Society; and much material relating to medical communication.

Papers of Carlos Paton Blacker, 1920-1974, reflecting his long and active career in psychiatry (including as including as psychiatrist at the Maudsley Hospital and as an Adviser to the Ministry of Health), and his activities as Secretary to the Eugenics Society and with a number of organisations interested in population and birth control, including the Birth Control Investigation Committee, the International Planned Parenthood Federation, and the Simon Population Trust. There is also some material relating to his return to military duty in the Second World War as a Regimental Medical Officer. The collection also includes correspondence (both personal and professional), which sheds light on his interests in ornithology and nature conservation, and other writings both published and unpublished.

Papers of Edgar Ashworth Underwood, 1911-1980. The surviving Underwood papers represent a far from complete record of his career. His correspondence is incomplete and his early career in public health glimpsed by a few notes and papers. The bulk of the collection is made up of the drafts, manuscripts and typescripts of his writings, some of which were never published. Underwood was a perfectionist and polished his work many times. However his immense work for a second volume of A History of the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London (to follow Wall and Cameron's history and cover the period 1815 onwards) was never published and sadly the drafts appear to lack one chapter (chapter 15) which has evidently strayed. Similarly a great deal of labour was spent on a history of urology in the late 1950s and early 1960s and on a life of Edward Jenner but neither of these works was ever published, Underwood's failing eyesight inhibiting his researches. However, the collection is valuable in that Underwood meticulously researched and checked evidence and normally kept full records of his work: thus anyone interested in the history of medical education or the apothecaries for example should note the numerous transcripts and copies of administrative records and documents held by the Public Record Office, Guildhall, Royal College of Physicians and elsewhere.

Papers of Sir Edward Eric Pochin, 1940-1989. The collection in no way reflects the entirety of Sir Edward's life's work; he may have discarded much himself when he retired officially. For the most part, the papers suggest that he had decided to keep only those of personal value, a relatively few relating to his clinical research on iodine isotopes and the thyroid gland, and those concerning his current working interest at the time of retirment. This was the 'Index of Harm': in the last ten or so years of his life he was primarily engaged in amassing vast amounts of data and statistics for the purposes of quantifying the risks and harm resulting from exposure to radiation as well as from occupational injuries. Also present are correspondence with Sir Thomas Lewis, 1940-1945, and records of research and treatments in the Medical Research Council Clinical Research Department at University College Hospital, London, 1947-1970s.

Sharpey-Schafer's correspondence is extensive. In addition to his own correspondence it includes papers of William Sharpey, saved by Sharpey-Schafer after his death, 1836-70 and n.d. There are significant numbers of letters from William Sharpey himself, Sir Michael Foster, Sir John Burdon-Sanderson, Sir William Osler, George John Romanes, Sir Victor Horsley, Sir James Paget, Lord Lister, Sir Charles Sherrington, Sir William Gowers, Thomas Henry Huxley, John Newport Langley, Sir Edwin Ray Lankester, Ernest Henry Starling, Allen Thomson, Sanger Monroe Brown, Sutherland Simpson, Francis Gano Benedict, Harvey Cushing, Albrecht Kossel, Karl Hugo Kronecker, Carl Ludwig, Charles Robert Richet, and Masaharu Kohima.

Material relating to Sharpey-Schafer's career at UCL includes correspondence on his controversy in the Neurological Society with Sir David Ferrier, 1887-88, and papers relating to the rebuilding of University College Hospital in 1895.

Material relating to Sharpey-Schafer's career at Edinburgh University includes correspondence on the forced resignation of William Cramer from the department of Physiology on grounds of German nationality, 1914, and papers on the opening of the department of Animal Genetics in 1930.

Other papers reflect various aspects of Sharpey-Schafer's scientific interests, including the history of the Physiological Society (with several letters from Archibald Vivian Hill), artificial respiration and bird migration. There are also numerous letters in response to his controversial address to the British Association in Dundee in 1912, and correspondence on the position of scientists in post-Revolutionary Russia, 1918-21.

There is a substantial correspondence on the various textbooks Sharpey-Schafer wrote or to which he contributed, 1910-34.

Sharpey-Schafer's personal papers include correspondence with his wives and children, 1876-1935, scrapbooks of press cuttings, c. 1899-1930, and a large collection of photographs, mainly portraits.

Papers of Henry Foy and Athena Kondi, [1934-1990], comprising:

(A) records of haematological research into B vitamin deficiencies including records of serum tests, biopsies and post mortems on baboons, plus correspondence, reports and photographs, 1963-1977;

(B) surveys of anaemia and sickle cell anaemia in Mozambique, Kenya, Sudan, India, Mauritius, 1951-1974; survey of tropical sprue, 1962-1969;

(C) publications by Foy and Kondi, particularly on blackwater fever and anaemias in the tropics, 1935-c 1990;

(D) reference files of articles and reprints, mid 20th century-late 20th century;

(E) photographic material relating to research, and of the countries where Foy and Kondi worked, c 1934-1988

The papers of Frederick Parkes Weber, 1886-1962, consist of case notes from his Harley Street and German Hospital practices, some very fine annotated clinical photographs, and (the bulk of the collection) a large number of volumes and bundles dealing with a vast array of diseases and medical conditions, usually accreted around an original paper by Parkes Weber himself. He described how these 'small collections and bundles around kernels of my earliest writings on the subject' evolved in a letter to the Librarian, Wellcome Historical Medical Museum, 27 Feb 1958: "I was in the habit of surrounding my own writings with manuscript and printed correspondence, and all kinds of cuttings and small articles bearing on the subject. Many interesting autograph letters and small essays have in this way become buried and practically altogether lost." These had become 'gradually very extensive, and many of them have become dislocated and unmanageable'. On examination they have been found to include reprints and cuttings of articles, case notes, notes and annotations, correspondence, and photographs. There is also material on more general philosophical questions, and relating to his book Aspects of Death and other publications, and a little personalia and correspondence. Diaries apparently received with the papers were returned to Parkes Weber late in 1958 to assist in the preparation of the notes published as Miscellaneous Notes (see PP/FPW/D.11) and seem never to have been returned to the Wellcome Library (Parkes Weber to Dr Poynter, Wellcome Historical Medical Library, 24 Dec 1958 and 11 Feb 1959). This is a collection of major importance for the medical historian.

Parkes Weber had a very active life during a period of unprecedented developments in medicine. He produced well over 1000 articles, and was particularly interested in rare diseases and conditions: conditions with which he is eponymously associated are Rendu-Osler-Weber disease (familial telangiectasis), Weber's diseases (localised epidermolysis bullosa), Weber-Klippel syndrome (haemangiectatic hypertrophy of limbs), Weber-Christian disease (relapsing febrile nodular non-suppurative panniculitis) and Sturge-Weber-Kalischer disease (angioma of brain revealed by radiography). His papers also include much on more common ailments and phenomena, on balneological and climatological treatment, healthy life-style and the promotion of longevity, social medicine, etc. His associates and colleagues included many of the great names in medicine of his day.

Papers of Jean Nicholas Marjolin and his son René Marjolin, 1849-1894, including notes of Jean Nicolas Marjolin's lectures, by a medical student; letters from René Marjolin to his friend Edmond Dascols relating mainly to personal affairs, and the health of the Dascols family (with advice on cholera and other maladies) and letters from Paris at the time of the siege and the Commune, 1870-1871, when René Marjolin was active in treating the wounded prior to his arrest as a Bonapartist agent.

Praxeos medicinae libri II-IV. Authore D. D. Paschale Pisciottano, ad usum Joachimi de Angelis. Lecture-notes of a student at Naples University, of which Vol. I is wanting. The lectures are all by Pisciottanus except the second in Book IV 'De morbis venereis', which is by Francesco Dolce: and the last of the same Book 'De herniis', given by Agnello Firelli. Contents: Praxeos liber II. De morbis pectoris (1 l. + 37 ff. + 3 ll. (last 2 bl.)). III. De morbis abdominis (1 l. + 144 ff. + 4 bl. ll.). IV. De febribus. De morbis venereis. De morbis mulierum. De morbis infantum. De herniis (3 ll. + 269 ff. + 1 bl. l.). Produced in Naples.

Miscellaneous manuscripts, 1809-[1840], including on the growth of plants, polarity theory and the history of physic.

Notes of Rodati's lectures compiled by students, c 1830, produced in Bologna.

'Prophilactique et thérapeutique'. This MS. appears to be a précis of Nicolas François Rougnon de Magny's 'Traité d'hygiène et médecine pratique', published in 1799, and to have been taken from his own MS. Produced in Besançon.

Contemporary copy of Sir Charles Scarburgh's account of the last illness of Charles II, and of the postmortem examination; also twentieth century translation, 1685-1924.

Buxton Stilltoe's note-books containing clinical notes, notes on anatomy, pathology, etc. Author's holograph MSS. Produced in London, 1850-1898.

Notes from Giuseppe Sisco's lectures on surgery including 'Lezzioni di chirurgia' with Antonio Trasmondi, 1834.

Systematic Surgery lectures by Archibald Adam Scott Skirving taken by Mul Raj Soni [ -1948]. Produced in Edinburgh.

Book of prescriptions by various hands. The date 1914 is found on p. 10, and 1937 on p. 59. Prices are added to some of the entries. Produced in London.